EP0121541A1

EP0121541A1 - Method and device for loading a collector container with bulk material, particularly a refuse collecting container

Info

Publication number: EP0121541A1
Application number: EP19830903172
Authority: EP
Inventors: Franz CÜRTEN; Erwin Kurz; Günter BAYER; Jürgen Hoffmann
Original assignee: KUKA Umwelttechnik GmbH
Current assignee: KUKA Umwelttechnik GmbH
Priority date: 1982-10-12
Filing date: 1983-10-11
Publication date: 1984-10-17
Also published as: WO1984001558A1

Abstract

Il s'agit d'un procédé pour charger un réservoir de ramassage à l'aide d'une chambre de réception. Il peut s'agir notamment d'un véhicule de ramassage d'ordures (2) avec un dispositif de bascule pour vider des récipients de matériaux en vrac notamment de seaux à ordures. La chambre de réception est vidée par un dispositif qui transporte le matériau vers l'intérieur du réservoir de ramassage. Le dispositif s'enclenche pendant ou après la saisie d'au moins un récipient mais avant la fin du mouvement de bascule. Le dispositif s'arrête automatiquement après une vidange au moins partielle de la chambre. Le dispositif qui permet de verser le matériau en vrac peut être un dispositif de levage et bascule (3) et un tambour rotatif constituant le réservoir de ramassage. On peut mettre en oeuvre un dispositif de chargement à plaque basculante en tant que dispositif de vidange ainsi qu'un dispositif de guidage manuel (4) pour actionner le dispositif de levage et bascule. Le dispositif de guidage peut être muni d'un commutateur d'enclenchement-déclenchement (5, 8) pour mettre en action le dispositif de vidange éventuellement par commande différée.It is a process for loading a collection tank using a receiving chamber. It can in particular be a garbage collection vehicle (2) with a tilting device for emptying containers of bulk materials, in particular garbage buckets. The receiving chamber is emptied by a device which transports the material to the interior of the collection tank. The device engages during or after entering at least one container but before the end of the rocking movement. The device stops automatically after at least partial emptying of the chamber. The device for pouring the bulk material can be a lifting and tilting device (3) and a rotary drum constituting the collection tank. A tilting plate loading device can be used as a draining device as well as a manual guide device (4) for actuating the lifting and tilting device. The guiding device can be provided with an interlock-tripping switch (5, 8) for actuating the emptying device optionally by deferred control.

Description

Method and device for loading a bulk material collecting container, in particular a garbage truck collecting container

The invention relates to a method for loading a bulk goods container with a pouring space receiving the bulk goods, in particular a garbage truck collecting container, with a tilting device for emptying pouring containers, in particular garbage cans, into the pouring space, and with a device for emptying the Batching room and for moving the bulk goods into the interior of the bulk goods container, as well as a device for carrying out this method.

It is known to use so-called system dumps in the form of Kub-Kipp devices as a device for emptying garbage cans, which, for example, lift garbage cans, tilt them in such a way that their contents are emptied into the storage space of the garbage truck collecting container. and then the respective garbage can bsw. Tip the garbage cans back and lower them. There are predominantly two variants on the market as a device for clearing out the storage space and for moving the bulk material into the interior of the garbage truck collecting container, namely the so-called rotating drum garbage truck and the so-called swivel plate garbage truck. The function of a rotary drum garbage truck is generally such that driving ribs arranged on the inner wall of the rotating rotary drum in cooperation with a stationary, screw-shaped or screw-shaped baffle plate, the bulk material into the interior of the bulk material container or the Convey the rotary drum and compress this bulk material or waste there. In contrast, in the case of the swivel-plate garbage truck, a swivel plate which can be swiveled back and forth about a vertical, central axis in front of the loading opening is provided on the rear, which, when swiveled by 180 °, feeds the contents of the pour-in space to one half of the collection container and there condensed.

In both cases, the respective loading operation has been switched on and off, thus rotating the rotary drum on the one hand and swiveling the swivel plate back and forth on the other hand by manual operation.

When the charging mode is switched on, it then runs continuously, i. H. in the swivel plate garbage truck, the swivel plate is constantly swung back and forth to clear out the dumping room and compact the garbage in the garbage collection container, regardless of whether and how much garbage was dumped by the garbage craftsmen during the accessibility of the dumping room . In the rotating drum garbage truck, on the other hand, the rotating drum runs continuously while dumping garbage into the dumping room and, as far as there is garbage in it, the garbage is continuously cleared out, placed in the rotating drum collecting container and transported there.

O PI seals, as well as during the meantime, ie while no garbage dumping takes place.

Since, as mentioned at the beginning, the respective loading operation was switched on and off manually in each case, the procedure was always such that the device for clearing out the rotary drum or the loading unit at the latest after the respective garbage can was made available. was switched on and remained in function until the last garbage can had been lifted, tipped in and lowered again by the lifting / tipping device or the first device. Only after one or more swiveling processes have been completed did the garbage collector or the garbage driver switch off the device for clearing out after a subjectively selected follow-up time. In some cases, this device or the loading plant or the rotating drum remained in operation while the garbage truck drove from one stop to the next.

In this way, a considerable, unnecessary expenditure of energy or waste of energy resulted from an unnecessary running of the device for clearing out, without any significant compaction of the waste taking place. Furthermore, premature material fatigue resulted in a reduced service life of the structure and the drives of the loading works, which could only be compensated for by increasing the dimensions and thus by increasing weight and construction costs. These costs added up to the increased energy consumption.

A device of the type mentioned at the beginning has already become known (DD-PS 78 951), in which the device for clearing out the pouring-in space and for moving the bulk material into the interior of the bulk material collecting container, here for garbage, a double swiveling device in which the semicircular hollow pouring space can be swiveled up by 90 ° and cleared out by means of a clearing and pressing plate which can be swiveled about a horizontal axis. When the cleared garbage is pushed into the collection container, it is compacted at the same time. The swiveling up of the pouring-in space and the clearing-out and pressing movement take place by means of a step-by-step mechanism with pulse storage only after a preselected number of pouring-in containers with their contents have been completely tipped over. It is not possible to start up the device for clearing out the pouring-in space before or during the tilting of the pouring-in or waste container, since otherwise the pouring-in space would collide with the waste container.

The object on which the invention is based is seen in creating a method and device of the type mentioned at the outset, by means of which considerable savings in costs can be achieved, both in terms of production costs and operating costs.

This object is achieved in terms of the method in that the device for clearing is only switched on automatically and is switched off automatically after an at least partial clearing of the dumping space only with or after the detection of at least one pouring vessel by the tilting device, but before the tilting ends .

The invention has made it possible not to keep the loader running continuously or to start it up only after the filling space has been completely filled, but rather already with or after capturing the bulk container, as a result of which the loader at

OMH_ Falling in of the bulk goods or waste is already fully functional. Furthermore, the loading plant can be switched off before the bin has been completely cleared out. If a part of the bulk goods or garbage remains in the storage space as a result, and the latter is therefore not completely cleared out, this is not only irrelevant but even advantageous, since when the next pouring-in process takes place at a different loading point, the loader starts up the rest of the bulk goods from the previous one Promotes tipping into the bulk material collection container. This new procedure has proven to be particularly economical. Calculations have shown that, depending on the size of the garbage cans used, this results in fuel savings of up to 50% without the loss of payload due to inadequate compaction. The resulting shorter operating times also relieve the pressure on the components, which can be taken into account in the strength calculation or dimensioning and, like the fuel saving, reduces the costs.

B i a device for carrying out the method according to the invention with a system bed in the form of a lifting and tipping device and a rotary drum collecting container or a swivel plate loading mechanism as a device for clearing out, and with a manually operated control for the lifting and tipping device, an on and off switch which can be actuated with this control is preferably provided for driving the device for clearing. If the lifting and tilting device has thus detected a pouring bin or a garbage can, or if this garbage can has been attached to the lifting and tilting device and the garbage worker manually operates the control of this device, then in this embodiment he operates it simultaneously thus a switch that switches the rotary drum collecting container or the swivel plate loader starts up. It is emphasized that the control mentioned does not necessarily have to be manually operated. Rather, the control can also be designed such that, for example, only the garbage can is grasped by the lifting and tilting device or the garbage can is snapped into place, the switch for the device for clearing out or starting the rotary drum collecting container or of the Schwen - plate loading system. Another possibility, for example, is the use of the weight of the suspended garbage can on the lifting and tilting device for switching on the drive of the rotary drum collecting container or the swivel plate loading mechanism.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention with hydraulically driven devices, a manually operated control with a rocker arm is provided for actuating a valve which brings the lifting, tipping and subsequent returning of the lifting-tilting device into the starting position, the on and off switch is an electrical limit switch arranged stationary in the swivel range of the rocker arm, by means of which a clutch between a running garbage truck motor and a hydraulic pump acting on the device for clearing can be switched on via a first relay. The actuation of the rocker arm when lifting the garbage container gripped by the lifting-tilting device thus already leads to the start-up of the rotating drum collecting container or the swivel plate loading mechanism. It goes without saying that this start-up can also take place with a certain time delay, which will be discussed in more detail below.

A second relay can expediently be provided, via which the speed control of the garbage truck motor can be controlled by means of the limit switch, in such a way that the speed or the rotational speed torque of the garbage truck motor is increased when the rotary drum collecting container or the swivel plate loading unit starts up.

An electrical sequence control, a so-called “black box”, can advantageously be switched between the limit switch and the relay or relays for delayed switching on and / or off of the drive of the second device. Delayed switching off is particularly important there, o switching off the limit switch should not necessarily mean that the garbage can has already been completely emptied or the pouring-in space has already been sufficiently filled, especially if a so-called shaking of the garbage can is considered proves necessary to completely empty them. This shaking by briefly, in quick succession, slightly lowering and lifting the garbage can again inevitably leads to the limit switch being switched off without the rotation of the rotary drum collecting container or the operation of the swivel plate loading unit being interrupted. A time delay of three to four seconds has proven to be expedient before the respective device is switched off.

The invention is explained in more detail below on the basis of preferred embodiments:

It shows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic side view of a

Garbage truck with collection container and lift-tilt device for garbage cans;

Fig. 2 is a view of a manual control for the lift-tilt device with a additional on and off switch for driving the device for clearing;

3 shows a block diagram to explain the functions according to the invention in a first embodiment,

Fig. 4 is a block diagram corresponding to Fig. 3 in a second embodiment.

The garbage truck 1 shown as an example in FIG. 1 can either be a rotary drum garbage truck or a swivel plate garbage truck. Accordingly, the bulk goods container 2 shown as a garbage truck collecting container is either a conventional, reinforced rectangular container, such as is used in swivel-plate garbage trucks, or a rotating drum collecting container. On the back of this garbage truck collecting container 2, a dumping room (not shown) is provided in the direction of arrow A, in which garbage cans (not shown) can be emptied. A system fill in the form of a lifting and tilting device 3 is provided for emptying the garbage cans. This lifting and tilting device 3 can expediently be operated hydraulically by a manually operated control 4. The device for clearing is to be understood as the rotary drum waste container (not explained in more detail), or a swivel plate loading mechanism, depending on the design of the waste truck 1. With this control 4, an on and off switch 5 can be actuated, which is used for switching the on and off Drive of the device for clearing is provided. In the following, for reasons of simplification, this device for clearing out is always referred to as a loading mechanism, while the first-mentioned device is exclusively referred to as a lifting and tilting device 3.

According to the preferred embodiment shown, the manually operated control 4 is a lever 6 for actuating a lifting, tilting and then returning the lifting-tilting Device 3 bringing the valve into the starting position, while the on and off switch 5 is an electrical limit switch 8 which is arranged in the pivoting range of the rocker arm S and by means of which a clutch 10 between a running garbage truck motor 11 and a charging device is connected via a first relay 9 Hydraulic pump 12 acting on the factory can be maintained. For this purpose, reference is made to the block diagram according to FIG. 3. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the speed control 14 of the garbage truck motor 11 can also be controlled by means of the limit switch 8 via a second relay 13.

Between the limit switch 8 and the relays 9, 13, an electrical sequence control (black box) 15 is switched on for delayed switching on and / or off of the drive of the loading plant. By means of a selector button 16 with two positions I and II, this sequential control can optionally be brought into effect, ie in position I of selector button 16 there is, for example, no delay whatsoever, while in position II the electric sequencer 15 ensures that only after several movements (e.g. shaking) the lifting and tilting device 3 switches on the loading mechanism, e.g. B. after four seconds or more. The scarf possibilities of the selector button 16 can be based on the respective size of the garbage cans encountered, to the extent that the contents of a large garbage can or a so-called large container are able to completely fill the container of the garbage truck collecting container 2 and thus the loading mechanism can already be switched on with each filling operation, while in the case of smaller garbage cans it is also possible to wait for three to four of them to be filled in before the loading mechanism is actuated, as is already known. These functions can of course be designed according to the requirements of the respective circumstances, also with regard to a desirable delay in the subsequent shutdown of the loading plant on the one hand, as indicated above, in order to bridge the possible rubbish of the garbage can to be emptied by moving the rocker arm 6 back and forth to achieve complete emptying and on the other hand to ensure proper compaction of the garbage conveyed into the garbage truck collecting container.

The circuit according to FIG. 4, in which the same parts are provided with the same reference numerals as in FIG. 3, is intended especially for a swiveling plate garbage truck. Here, the individual controls for the loading mechanism actuation are combined in a special swivel plate control 17, which has a plurality of electrical outputs 18, 19, 20 and 21 for the application of the individual functions. It is understood that a different number of individual functions may need to be controlled, which is why the four electrical outputs shown are not to be regarded as restrictive. The possible functional consequences of a swivel plate garbage truck are known and do not require any explanation at this point.

In addition, it should be noted that instead of the relays 9 and 13 mentioned, other switching elements can also be used, e.g. B. an electrically controlled pneumatic valve for actuating the speed control 14.

Claims

Patent claims

1. A method for loading a bulk goods container with a pouring space receiving the bulk goods, in particular a garbage truck collecting container, with a tilting device for emptying pouring containers, in particular garbage cans, into the filling room, and with a device for clearing out the Dumping room and for moving the bulk material into the interior of the bulk material collecting container, characterized in that the device for clearing out only with or after the detection of at least one pouring container by the tilting device, but before the tilting ends is automatically switched on and is automatically switched off after at least partially clearing out the storage space.

2. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1 with a system bed in the form of a lifting and tilting device and a rotating drum collecting container or a swivel plate loading mechanism as a device for clearing out and with a manually operated control for the lifting and tilting Device, characterized by an on / off switch (5) which can be actuated by this control (4) for driving the device for clearing.

3. Device according to claim 2 with hydraulically driven devices, characterized in that the manually operated Control (4) a rocker arm (6) for actuating a valve (7) effecting the lifting, tilting and then returning the lifting and tilting device (3) to the starting position and the on / off switch (5) in the pivoting range of the rocker arm (6) is a stationary electrical limit switch (8), by means of which a clutch (10) can be switched on between a running garbage truck motor (11) and a hydraulic pump (12) which acts on the device for clearing out, via a first relay (9).

4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the speed control (14) of the garbage truck motor (11) can be controlled by means of the limit switch (8) via a second relay (13).

5. Apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that between the limit switch (8) and that or

Relay (9, 13) an electrical sequence control (black box) (15) for optionally delayed switching on and / or off of the drive of the device for clearing can be switched on.