EP0118363B1 - Installation et procédé de chauffage du type à combustion submergée - Google Patents

Installation et procédé de chauffage du type à combustion submergée Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118363B1
EP0118363B1 EP19840400407 EP84400407A EP0118363B1 EP 0118363 B1 EP0118363 B1 EP 0118363B1 EP 19840400407 EP19840400407 EP 19840400407 EP 84400407 A EP84400407 A EP 84400407A EP 0118363 B1 EP0118363 B1 EP 0118363B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bath
water
smoke
heating
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19840400407
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0118363A3 (en
EP0118363A2 (fr
Inventor
Francois Laurent
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
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Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0118363A2 publication Critical patent/EP0118363A2/fr
Publication of EP0118363A3 publication Critical patent/EP0118363A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0118363B1 publication Critical patent/EP0118363B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
    • F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
    • F24H1/107—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using fluid fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES 
    • F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
    • F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
    • F23J15/04—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material using washing fluids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an installation and a method making it possible to improve the operating characteristics of a heating installation of the submerged combustion type.
  • This technique also has the advantage that the heat exchanger is very simplified in construction, being mostly made up of a kind of duct extending the combustion chamber into which the burner opens.
  • patent FR-A-434,648 which describes an apparatus intended for the rapid heating of a liquid (such as water) by circulation along a tower. washing heated at its base by a burner of the type "Bunsen". the tower is equipped over its height of baffle plates and the liquid must become hot flowing on the trays and from tray to tray, contacting the fumes produced by the burner.
  • the object of the invention is therefore, in a submerged combustion installation, to solve the abovementioned problems, by proposing a simple installation making it possible to obtain very good operating yields with bath temperatures which may be in the region of 90 ° C.
  • the proposed heating installation which comprises a tank containing a bath to be heated by means of a submerged combustion burner and a means partially plunging into the bath to confine under it, in a volume provided for this purpose.
  • the combustion fumes produced by said burner is characterized according to the invention in that, with a view to obtaining, with good yields, heating temperatures clearly above 60 ° C., and for example ranging up to around 90 ° C.
  • the installation on the outlet of the fumes, above their said means of containment is equipped with a washing tower comprising, in counter-current with the fumes, a series of cascades forming several substantially continuous curtains of water arranged in series on the smoke path, said curtains being supplied with a flow of cold water to be heated from the installation, said cascades comprising walls for forming water curtains provided in the upper part and in the lower part with means such as s only teeth, projecting edges and orifices ensuring continuous formation without tearing the curtains over their entire width and in that said means for confin
  • the installation can be run continuously or discontinuously depending on usage.
  • the bath water outlet flow rate is controlled and the heating of the bath is controlled to the maximum desired temperature, for example 88 ° C. when said flow rate is greater than a determined minimum flow rate, while when this bath flow rate is less than this determined minimum flow rate the bath is only heated to a selected minimum temperature, for example 70 ° C., so as to satisfy instantly to the needs of the request.
  • FIG. 1 we have illustrated an installation identified as a whole 1 comprising a tank 2 containing a water bath 3 to be heated by means of a submerged combustion burner 4 opening into the tank in a combustion chamber 5 being continued by an exchanger 6.
  • the products of combustion of the combustible gas usually used are essentially carbon dioxide and water vapor. Most of the water vapor condenses in the bath water (if the bath is not too hot) to which the latent heat of vaporization of the fumes is given up, while the incondensables are evacuated to the chimney 7.
  • a washing tower 8 is provided before the chimney 7 in which is vaporized as indicated in 9 cold water brought by a pipe 10 of the returns of the installation or of supplements.
  • the supply of cold returns 10 corresponds to the evacuation of hot water at 11.
  • the washing tower 8 allows, by spraying cold water at 9 going against the flow of hot fumes rising from the partially condensing the water vapor tending to escape from the installation, and finding correct operating yields.
  • the overall efficiency of the installation is not very good and decreases further if the flow rate of hot water is low and that consequently the cold returns are at low flow rate or at a temperature not low enough.
  • FIG. 2 representing a washing tower modified in accordance with the invention.
  • the washing tower 8 disposed above the upper volume 13 of the tank 2 not occupied by the heating bath 3 essentially comprises according to the invention a series of cascades forming several water curtains R1, R2, R3, R4 substantially continuous arranged in series on the smoke path materialized by the arrows.
  • Each curtain is formed from a water retention basin C1, C2, C3, C4 formed essentially by an inclined wall 14 at the bottom ending, on the raised side of the wall against the wall of the washing tower 8 , and on the other side, leaving a reduced passage section S for the fumes, by a substantially vertical wall 15.
  • the wall 15 on which the curtain of the waterfall is formed comprises at its upper part a toothed flange 16, which ensures a good distribution of the flow of water along all the wall 15, even if the edge 16 is not perfectly horizontal. Without such a measure, the curtain could only form on one side.
  • the wall 15 descends very notably below the bottom plate 14, so as to present a lower rim 17 which projects below the wall 14; this measurement is necessary so as to prevent the curtain of water which is to form on the edge 17 from rising by capillary action below the bottom surface 14 of the bowl, creating tears in the curtain.
  • orifices 18 are advantageously provided in the vicinity of the lower edge 17 of the wall 15, so as to ensure a good distribution of the cascade along the edge 17, the orifices 18 working a little similar to the teeth of the rim 16.
  • the upper bowl C1 is supplied by a perforated cold water return pipe 19 which acts as a diffuser 9 in FIG. 1 but does not have the drawbacks thereof.
  • this power is used to form a sort of last curtain R5 before the smoke leaves the chimney 7, and the smoke is guided to the chimney entrance by deflectors 20 also forming fins of condensation.
  • each curtain R is received before falling into the lower bowl on a cup 21 forming a gutter located slightly above the upper level of the lower bowl.
  • the gutters 21 thus form splashes and break the curtain in its lower part further increasing the exchange by contact between the water and the fumes.
  • condensation fins 22 which protrude below the surface 14 of the bottom of the bowls promoting the exchange and cooling of the fumes which are at a temperature higher than that of the bowl forming deflector under which they are guided.
  • the fins 22 stop before the surface of the front wall 15, so as to avoid the possibilities of reassembly of the curtain of water under the bowl, as mentioned above.
  • the washing tower is advantageously insulated, at least in its lower part, as illustrated in 23.
  • the washing tower does not penetrate a great height into the tank 2, in particular when the height of the installation must be limited, provision is made for a widening of the connection section by tilting the connection wall as indicated in 24.
  • FIGs 4 and 5 are illustrated other means working in conjunction with the washing tower to improve the performance of the installation.
  • Figure 4 we find in external view the washing tower 8 with the chimney 7 and the inlet of the cold water returns feeding the conduit 19.
  • the top 25 of the tank has been torn off and exploded, so as to reveal below a plate 26 whose construction and use will be described below.
  • the plate 26 covers most of the surface of the bath, presenting only a notch 27 for the passage of the burner 4 and leaving all around it an annular passage 28 (FIG. 5) between the wall of the tank and it.
  • the plate 26 comprises a substantially horizontal surface 29 bordered by a wall 30 projecting above and below the surface 29, providing above there a volume 31 for collecting water falling from the washing tower 8 and below a volume 32 for confining the fumes rising from the bath as illustrated by the bubbles 33 in FIG. 5.
  • the plate 26 In normal operation of the installation, that is to say when the burner is supplied, the plate 26 is partly immersed in the bath 3, so that there is a certain back pressure which must be overcome by the fumes s accumulating in the confinement volume 32 to pass under the lower edge 33 of the volume 32 to escape towards the washing tower.
  • the surface 29 of the plate has at its lower part exchange fins 34 forming a projection favoring the condensation of fumes under the effect of colder water falling from the washing tower 8 contained in the volume 31 of the plate.
  • regulation of the system is ensured, as will be described below so as to obtain a difference in level h between the free surface of the bath 3 and the level 35 of the bath in the confinement space 32, of the about 15 to 20 centimeters, that is to say an overpressure of about 15 to 20 millibars.
  • overpressure compared to atmospheric pressure is interesting, in that it improves the exchange and condensation yields.
  • FIG. 6 a schematic description has been made of how the submerged combustion reaction can be advantageously carried out.
  • the flow rate of water leaving the bath is checked by means of a measuring device 38.
  • this flow rate is greater than a determined minimum flow rate, the heating of the bath is controlled to the maximum temperature, which is detected by any suitably placed probe.
  • the hot water outlet flow, drawn off at 11 corresponds to a substantially equivalent flow of cold water supplied at 10.
  • This flow is controlled by a solenoid valve 39 whose electrical control 40 is connected as indicated at 41 to a level probe 42 which stops the supply of cold water when the level of the bath tends to become too high in the tank, that is to say to submerge the plate 26.
  • the proper functioning of the burner requires conditions relatively precise determined pressures outside which good combustion could not be obtained.
  • Another probe similarly controls the supply of cold water through line 10 when the level of the bath drops below a predetermined level, for example such as level 43 below which the optimum overpressure h in the containment chamber 32 would no longer be obtained (Figure 5).
  • the measurement thermostat (not shown) cuts off the supply to the burner.
  • the level of the bath drops due to the cancellation of the overpressure in the confinement chamber 32, for example substantially at the level marked 44 in FIG. 6.
  • No cold water supply is allowed as long as the level in the chamber does not fall below a determined critical level measured for example by a probe 45 which controls the supply of cold water and prohibits under such conditions the ignition of the burner 4, as long as the level of the bath has not risen .
  • the heating of the bath is stopped at this temperature if the sampling flow rate measured by the measuring device 38 is less than a predetermined minimum flow.
  • the cold recycling or make-up water is brought at 10 into the washing tower, each time the level of the bath tends to fall below a determined minimum level, such as for example as measured by the probe 45.
  • the heating of the bath is controlled to a selected minimum temperature, for example 70 ° C., and the supply of cold water is stopped when the bath has risen to a determined maximum threshold. , for example measured by the probe 42.
  • Heating to a higher temperature of the bath is only controlled when the level of the bath drops below the threshold 42, which means that hot water was taken at 11 in the bath.
  • a siphon forming an overflow 46 avoids exceeding the level of the threshold 42 in the absence of withdrawal of hot water in the bath and under the effect of condensations occurring in the washing tower and in the volume 13 above of the bath.
  • the various means of the invention allow easy operation of the installation with excellent yields, thanks in particular to the effective contact between the fumes charged with saturated vapors and the cold water returns and, on the other hand, thanks operating under slight combustion overpressure improving efficiency.
  • the pressure drops both on the smoke circuit and on the water recycling circuit are reduced to completely acceptable values and corresponding to the normal gas, air and water supply pressures, no pump. or booster is only necessary.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Vaporization, Distillation, Condensation, Sublimation, And Cold Traps (AREA)
EP19840400407 1983-03-02 1984-02-29 Installation et procédé de chauffage du type à combustion submergée Expired EP0118363B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8303425 1983-03-02
FR8303425A FR2542070B1 (fr) 1983-03-02 1983-03-02 Installation et procede de chauffage du type a combustion submergee

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118363A2 EP0118363A2 (fr) 1984-09-12
EP0118363A3 EP0118363A3 (en) 1986-02-12
EP0118363B1 true EP0118363B1 (fr) 1989-07-26

Family

ID=9286428

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19840400407 Expired EP0118363B1 (fr) 1983-03-02 1984-02-29 Installation et procédé de chauffage du type à combustion submergée

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0118363B1 (es)
CA (1) CA1252350A (es)
DE (1) DE3479152D1 (es)
ES (1) ES8501104A1 (es)
FR (1) FR2542070B1 (es)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0138319B1 (en) * 1983-10-14 1989-05-17 British Gas Corporation Gas-fired water heater
FR2571836B1 (fr) * 1984-10-16 1987-01-16 Gaz De France Procede de chauffage d'un liquide par combustion submergee et dispositif pour la mise en oeuvre du procede
FR2661974B1 (fr) * 1990-05-14 1993-05-28 Gaufreteau Amand Cheminee antipollution a vaporisation d'eau.
US5403523A (en) * 1994-05-02 1995-04-04 The Babcock & Wilcox Company Wet scrubber inlet awning with low pressure drop
US6338337B1 (en) * 1999-09-30 2002-01-15 Inproheat Industries Ltd. Two-stage heat recovery for submerged combustion heating system
US6293277B1 (en) * 1999-09-30 2001-09-25 Inproheat Industries Ltd. Sludge treatment system using two-stage heat recovery submerged combustion
CN111271722A (zh) * 2019-11-19 2020-06-12 新疆和融热力有限公司 燃气热源厂烟气余热深度回收节能系统
US20230194085A1 (en) * 2020-05-15 2023-06-22 4 Symbioses Inc. Apparatus for capturing combustion products and method

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR434648A (fr) * 1911-09-27 1912-02-08 Louis Marie Joseph Biton Appareil pour le chauffage rapide de l'eau ou d'autres liquides
FR559623A (fr) * 1922-12-09 1923-09-19 Perfectionnements dans les appareils pour chauffer de l'eau et autres liquides
US3060921A (en) * 1958-08-12 1962-10-30 Exxon Research Engineering Co Apparatus for heating liquids
FR2468850A1 (fr) * 1979-10-26 1981-05-08 Chauffe Cie Gle Procede et dispositif de rechauffage d'une quantite importante de liquide a l'aide d'un bruleur

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0118363A3 (en) 1986-02-12
CA1252350A (fr) 1989-04-11
ES530205A0 (es) 1984-11-01
ES8501104A1 (es) 1984-11-01
DE3479152D1 (en) 1989-08-31
FR2542070A1 (fr) 1984-09-07
FR2542070B1 (fr) 1989-05-19
EP0118363A2 (fr) 1984-09-12

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