EP0118345B1 - Elektrisches Kontaktstück und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung - Google Patents

Elektrisches Kontaktstück und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0118345B1
EP0118345B1 EP84400278A EP84400278A EP0118345B1 EP 0118345 B1 EP0118345 B1 EP 0118345B1 EP 84400278 A EP84400278 A EP 84400278A EP 84400278 A EP84400278 A EP 84400278A EP 0118345 B1 EP0118345 B1 EP 0118345B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
protuberance
coating
accordance
welding
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84400278A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0118345A1 (de
Inventor
Jean-Paul Favre-Tissot
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Merlin Gerin SA
Original Assignee
Merlin Gerin SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Merlin Gerin SA filed Critical Merlin Gerin SA
Publication of EP0118345A1 publication Critical patent/EP0118345A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0118345B1 publication Critical patent/EP0118345B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H11/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches
    • H01H11/04—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts
    • H01H11/041—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion
    • H01H11/043—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for the manufacture of electric switches of switch contacts by bonding of a contact marking face to a contact body portion by resistance welding
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49208—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
    • Y10T29/4921—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with bonding
    • Y10T29/49211—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with bonding of fused material
    • Y10T29/49213—Metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
    • Y10T29/49002—Electrical device making
    • Y10T29/49117—Conductor or circuit manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49204—Contact or terminal manufacturing
    • Y10T29/49208—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts
    • Y10T29/49218—Contact or terminal manufacturing by assembling plural parts with deforming

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method of manufacturing an electrical contact part according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the pad for example made of a silver-nickel alloy, is relatively thick, and its surface has the final shape of the contact, for example curved or cylindrical.
  • the support in this case the contact finger, has a fixing base on which the wafer is welded, in particular by high frequency welding. The patch and the support retain their initial shape, the weld creating a simple connection between the two parts (FR-A-2484136).
  • This known method of making a contact is expensive, because it requires a large amount of silver, precious metal, and a relatively long soldering or soldering time. In addition, the entire end of the copper contact finger is annealed, affecting its properties.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks by a simple and reliable method, defined by the characteristic part of claim 1.
  • Document US-A-4291 215 describes a method of fixing a thin silver or silver alloy contact plate on an elastic blade by welding.
  • the blade insert assembly is inserted between curved welding electrodes, applied under pressure to curve this assembly, 4 or 5 successive heating sequences followed by cooling performing the welding.
  • the elastic blade is not crushed to form an enlarged seat supporting the covering and the contact piece can only be used for breaking a nominal current, but not a short-circuit current.
  • the above sequences cause annealing of the copper in the contact part.
  • a single operation realizes by hot crushing of the protuberance an enlarged seat for the covering and fixing of the latter on this seat.
  • an electrode with an end surface shaped as a matrix
  • the protuberance and its coating are molded to the appropriate shape during the soldering operation, the deformation of the copper of the support being contained by the matrix.
  • An examination of the finished part reveals an annealing zone, limited to the protuberance, the resistance heating being located in this zone.
  • the method according to the invention can be used for a coating with a thin silver foil, for example a few hundredths of a millimeter thick, the welding being carried out directly on the copper support, which constitutes the contact finger, without any contribution. of solder.
  • the material of the wafer is generally a silver-nickel, silver-tungsten, silver-graphite or the like alloy, commonly used for contact pads, a sheet or paste solder being applied to the protuberance before deposition of the wafer. Phosphorus soldering gives good results, even for silver-nickel plates, which is unexpected.
  • the crystallographic examination shows a real encrustation of the wafer on the support with an intimate bond between the two materials, ensuring good conduction.
  • the wafer with flat faces is shaped and curved to present a convex contact face during welding.
  • the welding or resistance brazing operation is very short, of the order of a second, which explains the limited annealing of the part, only the upper layer of the protuberance and the finger being heated by the Joule effect.
  • the intensity of the heating current is advantageously within a range of 15,000 to 50,000 amperes.
  • a 1.5 mm thick wafer made of a silver and nickel alloy can be brazed with a phosphor solder 1 mm thick by a welding current of 20,000 amperes lasting one second, the force applied to the electrode being 500 Decanewton. This force must obviously be adapted to the size of the contact piece and it varies within wide limits.
  • the contact finger is cut from a copper plate, the protuberance appearing on the contour of the finger.
  • the coating is applied by the aforementioned method to the edge of the protuberance, the latter widening during the welding operation to form an enlarged seat for supporting the contact itself.
  • An almost complete crushing of the protuberance limits the height of projection of the contact to that of the plate shaped by the matrix of the electrode.
  • the invention also relates to a thin-coated silver-based contact piece welded or brazed by resistance on a hot-crushed protuberance of a copper contact finger.
  • This contact piece advantageously replaces conventional contacts with silver-based pads, commonly used in low-voltage devices. It can cooperate with a contact of the same type or a different type depending on the characteristics sought.
  • the contact according to the invention constitutes the movable contact of a breaking device, in particular of a low voltage circuit breaker.
  • the contact according to the invention increases the performance, in particular of switching off the device.
  • Manufacturing does not require any special machine since it suffices to adapt the electrode of a conventional resistance welding machine and to provide a device for applying a force to the electrode.
  • the reduction in welding time results in a high production rate and a significant reduction in cost.
  • the assembly can be automated.
  • the contact piece comprises several joined fingers joined together by welding according to the inventive method of a plate covering all of the protuberances. A connection between the copper fingers is observed, produced by the hot crushing of the protuberances.
  • the electrode is preferably made of tungsten and has a matrix in the form of a groove with a concave bottom, the shape of the bottom being complementary to that of the convex surface of the contact.
  • the depth of the groove allows a confinement of the coating and the protuberance to carry out a true hot molding.
  • the localized resistance heating facilitates this surface molding and the width of the groove defines that of the seat obtained by the crushing of the protuberance.
  • the width of the plate is substantially equal to that of the groove, the plate being simply deformed or curved to present a convex contact surface. In the case of a thin coating, in particular of a silver sheet, the edges of the sheet can be folded back to form a cap covering the crushed protuberance.
  • a contact piece 10 for example a movable contact of a power cut device, is cut from a copper plate or any other material which is good conductor of electricity, according to a predetermined contour.
  • the width of the contact piece in this case the thickness of the copper plate, is small, for example 3 mm, but it is clear that the invention is applicable to larger or smaller width contacts depending on the applications and the characteristics of the devices comprising this contact.
  • the contour of the contact piece 10 has a protuberance 12, the edge 14 of which can be covered with a silver-based coating to constitute the contact itself. In the example according to FIGS.
  • the coating consists of a plate 16 of straight parallelepiped shape in a silver alloy, in particular silver-nickel, silver-graphite or silver-tungsten.
  • a solder in particular a sheet 18 of phosphor solder, for example with a thickness of one tenth of a millimeter, before the application of an electrode 20 of resistance brazing (FIG. . 10 and 11).
  • the electrode 20 is applied with a predetermined force on the wafer 16 and the protrusion 12 for the duration of the passage of the brazing current.
  • the combined action of heating by the Joule effect and of compression by the force exerted by the electrode 20 on the protuberance 12 causes the latter to be crushed and a deformation and brazing of the plate 16.
  • the end of the electrode 20, cooperating with the plate 16, is shaped into a contact molding matrix.
  • this matrix is constituted by a groove 22 with convex bases 24 capable of capping the entire wafer 16 and protuberance 12.
  • the width II of the groove 22 is greater than the width 1 2 of the part or finger contact 10, this width 1 1 corresponding to that of the crushed protuberance 12 after the brazing operation (see fig. 4).
  • the width of the plate 16 and of the solder sheet 18 is equal to or slightly less than the width 1 of the groove 22 so as to be able to fit into the latter when the soldering electrode 20 is lowered. 'brazing operation the plate 16 and the solder 18 project laterally from the protuberance 12, the lengths being on the other hand substantially equal.
  • the contact according to FIGS. 3 and 4 with a width 1 2 of 3 mm was made using a plate 16 in one al nickel silver binding.
  • the thickness of the plate 16 is 1.5 mm, its width 1 1 being 5 mm and its length 9 mm.
  • the thickness of the phosphor brazing sheet 18 is one tenth of a millimeter, the width and the length being 5 and 8 mm respectively.
  • the width Il of the groove 22 of the electrode 20 is also 5 mm and the application force is 500 Decanewton.
  • the resistance welding current is maintained for approximately one second, the intensity of the current being 20,000 amperes.
  • the brazing current is generally within the range of 15,000 to 50,000 amperes, the duration of maintenance of this current being generally of the order of a second.
  • the protrusion 12 is not necessarily arranged around the periphery of the contact piece 10, but it can be present on a flat face, for example of a fixed contact or on any other part of this contact.
  • the edge 14 receiving the plate 16 is not necessarily flat and this plate 16 can also be of a different shape.
  • the method according to the invention is summarized below by describing the operation of the welding machine illustrated in FIG. 9.
  • the contact finger 10 is clamped between jaws 26, 28 of a holding vice, the protrusion 12 being oriented towards a soldering electrode 20.
  • a transfer device designated by the general reference 30, takes the solder sheet 18 and deposits it on the edge 14 of the protrusion 12.
  • the following operation, performed by a device transfer 32, consists in depositing the plate 16 on the sheet 18.
  • Each jaw 26, 28 is provided with a branch 34, 36 for holding the sheet 18 and the plate 16.
  • These holding branches 34, 36 frame laterally the protrusion 12 being spaced apart by a distance 1 1 corresponding to the width of the sheet 18 and of the plate 16.
  • the pushers 38, 40 push the holding arms 34, 36, the groove 22 of the electrode 20 fitting onto the plate head 16.
  • a clamping force for example 500 Decanewton
  • a brazing current of approximately 20,000 amperes is applied for a period of one second.
  • the part 10 is removed by loosening the jaws 26, 28, the machine being ready for a new operation.
  • the assembly can be automated and the duration of a cycle essentially determined by the duration of soldering, is notably less than that necessary for soldering by high frequency.
  • the copper part 10 does not require any pickling and can come from the cutting operation carried out on a different station. It is unnecessary to describe this machine in detail, the various elements being well known per se, in particular the transfer devices 30, 32 and the welding electrode 20.
  • the force can be applied by any suitable means, in particular by a jack (not shown).
  • the method according to the invention is applicable to a contact having a thin coating consisting of a sheet of pure silver.
  • Figures 5 to 8 illustrate a contact of this kind in which the sheet 42 is deposited directly on the protrusion 12 without interposition of solder.
  • the width 13 of the sheet 42 is notably greater than that of the contact finger 10, so as to cause, when the electrode 20 is lowered, the edges to fold back to form a yoke covering the crushed protuberance 12.
  • the machine for welding and the cycle is identical to that described above, only the supply phase of the solder sheet being eliminated.
  • the thickness of the sheet 42 is a few hundredths or tenths of a millimeter, the crushed protuberance 12 being entirely covered by this sheet 42. It is clear that the invention is applicable to a sheet 42 whose edges would not be folded over the alongside the crushed protuberance 12.
  • the enlarged seat constituted by the crushed protuberance 12 allows this reduction of coating based on silver.
  • FIG. 12 to 15 there is shown a third alternative embodiment according to the invention, in which the contact piece consists of four joined fingers 44, each having a protuberance 12.
  • a solder sheet 18 and a single plate 16 of appropriate dimensions are deposited on the four joined protrusions 12 to perform a brazing operation described with reference to Figures 1 to 4 above.
  • the protrusions 12 are under the action of heating and compression exerted by the electrode 20 crushed and shaped to produce the contact surface with wafer 16.
  • the four fingers 44 are on the one hand secured by the wafer 16 brazed on the protrusions 12, and on the other hand by the crushing and melting of the copper of the protrusions 12.
  • the few examples described above clearly show that the invention is applicable to different types of contact, in particular of variable shapes and dimensions.
  • the contact piece may be made of copper or a copper alloy or, if appropriate, of another material which is a good conductor of electricity, and the composition and the shape of the coating may be different.
  • the breaking capacity of the devices equipped with the contacts according to the present invention is notably higher than that of the devices with contacts provided with pads with a thickness of 2.5 mm.
  • Welding or resistance brazing make an intimate connection limiting the heating during the passage of current through the electrical appliance.
  • Another important advantage of resistance welding is to limit the heating in the area of the protuberance, thus avoiding any annealing of the support part.
  • the contact made according to the inventive method does not require any further treatment, in particular cleaning or machining.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Switches (AREA)
  • Contacts (AREA)

Claims (9)

1. Herstellungsverfahren eines elektrischen Kontaktstückes mit einem Kontaktfinger (10) in Form einer ebenen Platte mit schmaler Kante aus gut leitfähigem Material, insbesondere aus Kupfer, und mit einem Belag in Form eines silberhaltigen Blattes (42) oder Plättchens (16), das mittels Löten oder Schweissen auf der Kante der genannten Platte befestigt ist, um den Kontakt zu bilden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Kontaktfinger (10) auf der Kante in der Kontaktzone eine Protuberanz (12) aufweist, auf die man den genannten Belag (16, 42) aufträgt in einer Breite, die grösser als die Kantenbreite ist, um symmetrisch die Seiten der Kante zu überdecken, bevor das Ende einer Schweisselektrode (20) auf den Belag gebracht wird und ein Widerstands-Schweiss-Strom angewandt wird, indem eine Druckkraft ausgeübt wird, um die genannte Protuberanz (12) zu zerdrücken und seitlich auszuweiten bis auf die Breite des Belages und um den genannten Belag auf der zerdrückten Protuberanz zu befestigen, und somit eine Stützschicht des Belages zu bilden.
2. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Ende der Elektrode (20) während des Schweiss- oder Lötvorganges als Gussmatrize (22) der genannten Protuberanz (12) und des genannten Belages (16, 42) ausgebildet wird, um in einem einzigen Vorgang den Kontakt zu verwirklichen.
3. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die genannte Matrize (22) eine die Kontaktoberfläche ergänzende Bodenfläche (24) aufweist, wobei die genannte Bodenfläche auf beiden Seiten von Seitenflächen eingefasst ist zur Begrenzung der Ausweitung der Protuberanz (12) während des Schweiss- oder Lötvorganges.
4. Verfahren gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf die Protuberanz (12) eine Phosphorlötung aufgetragen wird bevor der Belag in Form eines Plättchens (16) angebracht wird, um bei dem Lötvorgang eine Einlagerung des Plättchens auf der zerdrückten Protuberanz zu verwirklichen.
5. Verfahren gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Breite (13) des Belagblattes (42) grösser ist als die Breite der zerdrückten Protuberanz, wobei die genannte Elektrode (20) die Ränder des genannten Blattes (42) umbiegt, um eine Abdekkung zu bilden, welche die während des Schweiss- und Lötvorganges zerdrückte Protuberanz (12) bedeckt.
6. Verfahren gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das genannte Plättchen (16) aus einer Silberlegierung besteht und eine rechteckige Parallelepiped-Form von ungefähr 1 mm Dicke aufweist.
7. Verfahren gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Widerstands-Schweiss-Strom, der zwischen 15 000 und 50 000 Ampères beträgt, ungefähr eine Sekunde aufrechterhalten wird, wobei die Anwendungskraft der Elektrode (20) an die Dimension des Kontaktstückes (10) angepasst ist.
8. Elektrisches Kontaktstück, das durch die Anwendung des Verfahrens gemäss irgendeinem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche hergestellt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es einen silberhaltigen Belag aufweist in Form eines Blattes (42) oder eines dünnen Plättchens (16), das durch Widerstand auf eine warm zerdrückte Protuberanz (12) geschweisst oder gelötet ist auf der Kante eines kupfernen Kontaktfingers (10) in Form einer ebenen Platte.
9. Kontaktstück gemäss Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es den beweglichen Kontakt eines Stromunterbrechungsgerätes bildet und mit einem feststehenden Kontakt in der Schliess-Stellung des Gerätes zusammenarbeitet.
EP84400278A 1983-02-21 1984-02-10 Elektrisches Kontaktstück und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung Expired EP0118345B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8303051 1983-02-21
FR8303051A FR2541520B1 (fr) 1983-02-21 1983-02-21 Piece de contact electrique et son procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0118345A1 EP0118345A1 (de) 1984-09-12
EP0118345B1 true EP0118345B1 (de) 1987-05-13

Family

ID=9286233

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP84400278A Expired EP0118345B1 (de) 1983-02-21 1984-02-10 Elektrisches Kontaktstück und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4587728A (de)
EP (1) EP0118345B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS59158024A (de)
CA (1) CA1231996A (de)
DE (1) DE3463705D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2541520B1 (de)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3230197B2 (ja) † 1994-08-30 2001-11-19 三菱電機株式会社 回路遮断器
FR2933541B1 (fr) * 2008-07-07 2016-03-25 Schneider Electric Ind Sas Procede d'assemblage par resistance d'un materiau de contact sur un support metallique, contact electrique realise par un tel procede et pastille de contact utilisee
JP5493757B2 (ja) * 2009-11-19 2014-05-14 富士電機機器制御株式会社 回路遮断器

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2216510A (en) * 1938-08-16 1940-10-01 Wilson H A Co Method of making contacts
US2513939A (en) * 1944-04-19 1950-07-04 Eaton Mfg Co Construction of composite metal articles
US3191276A (en) * 1959-12-01 1965-06-29 Talon Inc Method of making composite electrical contact bodies
US3139669A (en) * 1960-02-23 1964-07-07 Gibson Electric Company Method of making an electrical contact
JPS4821863B1 (de) * 1968-08-02 1973-07-02
JPS5063162U (de) * 1973-10-10 1975-06-09
US4107506A (en) * 1976-02-18 1978-08-15 Ismael Martinez Pelegri Soldering method
DE2641508C2 (de) * 1976-09-15 1978-09-21 Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen Vorrichtung zum Verbinden von unverdichteten, hochflexiblen, blanken oder isolierten Litzen aus Kupfer mit metallischen Trägern
DE2919851A1 (de) * 1978-05-17 1979-11-22 Johnson Matthey Co Ltd Elektrischer kontakt und insbesondere verfahren zu seiner herstellung
US4291215A (en) * 1979-03-29 1981-09-22 General Electric Company Bonding a highly conductive arc-resistant electrical contact pad on a metal body
JPS5696413A (en) * 1979-12-29 1981-08-04 Chugai Electric Ind Co Ltd Method of manufacturing composite electric contact welded with supporting metal
FR2484136A1 (fr) * 1980-06-06 1981-12-11 Merlin Gerin Contacts electriques perfectionnes pour disjoncteurs multipolaires a basse tension et procede de fabrication des contacts

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA1231996A (en) 1988-01-26
FR2541520A1 (fr) 1984-08-24
JPH0418650B2 (de) 1992-03-27
US4587728A (en) 1986-05-13
JPS59158024A (ja) 1984-09-07
DE3463705D1 (en) 1987-06-19
FR2541520B1 (fr) 1985-07-19
EP0118345A1 (de) 1984-09-12

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