EP0115756B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la production de métaux, en particulier de la fonte liquide, de prématériaux d'acier ou de ferro-alliages - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la production de métaux, en particulier de la fonte liquide, de prématériaux d'acier ou de ferro-alliages Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0115756B1
EP0115756B1 EP83890215A EP83890215A EP0115756B1 EP 0115756 B1 EP0115756 B1 EP 0115756B1 EP 83890215 A EP83890215 A EP 83890215A EP 83890215 A EP83890215 A EP 83890215A EP 0115756 B1 EP0115756 B1 EP 0115756B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
raw material
vessel
carbon
plasma
peripherally
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83890215A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0115756A1 (fr
Inventor
Aktiengesellschaft Voest-Alpine
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Primetals Technologies Austria GmbH
Original Assignee
Voestalpine AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=3564106&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0115756(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Voestalpine AG filed Critical Voestalpine AG
Publication of EP0115756A1 publication Critical patent/EP0115756A1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/12—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes in electric furnaces
    • C21B13/125—By using plasma
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
    • C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
    • C21C5/30—Regulating or controlling the blowing
    • C21C5/35—Blowing from above and through the bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
    • C22B4/005—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys using plasma jets

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of metals, in particular liquid pig iron, steel raw material or ferroalloys from metal oxide-containing raw material, the raw material being melted in a metallurgical vessel by means of at least one plasma torch directed from top to bottom, and a device for carrying out the process.
  • the reduction of the metal oxides takes place in the slag layer by exposing the molten oxide to the arc plasma jet containing a hydrocarbon gas and reducing this molten oxide by the decomposition products of the hydrocarbon gas.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for performing the method, which make it possible to produce both pig iron and pig iron-like liquid metals as well as ferroalloys, whereby not only the furnace lining is protected from excessive heat load by the plasma jet, but The energy supplied by the plasma torch is available to the fine ore for melting and reducing it as much as possible. Furthermore, a previous agglomeration of the raw material to be used, i.e. of the fine ore to be used can be avoided, so that the related effort can be eliminated.
  • the foam slag effectively protects the furnace lining against the heat radiation emitted by the plasma jet.
  • the coating of the plasma jet by the fine-particle raw material used allows optimal use of the thermal radiation of the plasma jet.
  • the blowing in of carbon from below prevents the carbon from being carried away.
  • the supply of the oxygen-containing gas from below avoids premature destruction of the cathode by the oxygen.
  • the supply of the raw material particles is stopped and only oxygen-containing gas and / or carbon is blown in from below through the melt.
  • a device for carrying out the method according to the invention has a refractory-lined metallurgical vessel and a plasma torch directed from top to bottom, a counter electrode being arranged in the bottom of the vessel, and is characterized in that the plasma torch is peripheral to a jacket to form a plasma torch peripherally surrounding supply space for the finely divided raw material particles and that nozzles, preferably jacket nozzles, are provided in the base of the metallurgical vessel for supplying oxygen-containing gas and carbon.
  • the metallic outer jacket 1 of the metallurgical vessel 2 is provided with a refractory lining 3.
  • the vessel 2 is closed with a lid 4, which is also lined fireproof.
  • An exhaust pipe 5 connects to the cover 4.
  • a substantially vertical cylindrical vessel part 7 adjoins the lower vessel part 6.
  • Base electrode 11 used for the plasma torch 9.
  • the plasma torch 9 is peripherally surrounded by a jacket 12, through which an annular space 13 is formed which surrounds the plasma torch 9 and which is open to the vessel bottom 10.
  • This annular space 13 can also be formed by a plurality of inflation lances for the raw material particles surrounding the plasma torch.
  • bottom nozzles 14 which are preferably designed as jacket nozzles, through which oxygen and / or carbon is blown into the interior 8 of the vessel 2.
  • a slag tap hole 15 and a metal tap hole 16 are provided in the lower part 6 of the vessel.
  • the slag in the vessel is designated 17, the molten metal 18 and the plasma jet 19.
  • the raw material jacket surrounding the plasma jet bears the reference number 20.
  • oxygen and / or carbon is injected both from above through the annular space 13 (or the inflation lances) in addition to the insert and reducing gas and from below through the floor nozzles in order to build up a foam slag.
  • Foaming of the slag is only possible if the slag has a sufficient FeO content and carbon content, in the form of elemental carbon or carbon-saturated metal splashes. In this case, the carbon and oxygen of the iron oxide react to form carbon monoxide. This gas formation leads to an expansion or foaming of the slag. In addition, an adequate slag height and corresponding slag viscosity are required for the foaming of the slag.
  • the carbon thus serves for reduction, for heating (through combustion with oxygen) and for foaming.
  • the fine ore supply is discontinued, but oxygen and / or carbon continue to be injected through the floor nozzles 14.
  • the process in the subsequent final reduction phase is now carried out in such a way that, on the one hand, the desired tapping temperature and on the other hand a low metal oxide content is achieved by a relatively high excess of carbon in the slag 17.
  • the slag tap hole 15 is then slagged off and the metal tap hole 16 is tapped.
  • the slag compositions change accordingly.
  • guideline values of the slag analysis for the melting and finished melting phase in the production of pig iron-like liquid metal with approx. 2% carbon are given in a basic reduction reactor.
  • the high temperature generated by the plasma torch 9 is of particular advantage primarily in the melting phase.
  • a metal sump 18 to remain in the melting vessel 2 after tapping; when charging again, the blowing in of carbon and / or oxygen (both from below and from above) - as an additional energy source to the plasma torch 9 - can then be started immediately.
  • the method according to the invention also offers the possibility of reducing the exhaust gas quantities through targeted process control (through a suitable supply of energy by the plasma torch 9 and metered blowing in of heating, reducing and foaming gas ) to be kept as low as possible.
  • the hot exhaust gases can expediently be used for preheating and / or partial pre-reduction of the ore used.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Claims (4)

1. Procédé pour la production de métaux, en particulier de fonte brute liquide, d'acier préaffiné ou de ferro-alliages, à partir de matières premières contenant des oxydes métalliques, étant précisé que le procédé comporte les caractéristiques suivantes:
- les matières sont fondues dans un creuset métallurgique (2) au moyen d'au moins un chalumeau à plasma (9) dirigé du haut vers le bas,
- on ajoute d'en haut, dans le creuset métallurgique (2), des matières premières sous forme de particules à granulométrie fine, parallèlement au jet du plasma (19) et entourant celui-ci à la périphérie,
- on insuffle dans le creuset (2), d'en bas et à travers le laitier (18), des gaz contenant de l'oxygène et du carbon et
- il se forme dans le creuset (2) un laitier moussant (17) qui entoure, sur la périphérie le jet de plasma (19) sur toute sa hauteur et le flux d'arrivée (20) des particules de matière premières.
2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'après la fusion des particules de matières premières on arrête l'arrivé des particules de matières premières et que l'on insuffle simplement d'en bas, à travers le bain de fusion (18), du gaz contenant de l'oxygène et/ou du carbone.
3. Dispositif pour l'exécution du procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2, comportant un creuset métallurgique (2) à revêtement réfractaire et un chalumeau à plasma (9) dirigé du haut vers le bas, étant précisé qu'une contre-électrode (11) est disposée dans le fond (10) du creuset (2), caractérisé en ce que le chalumeau à plasma (9) est entouré sur sa périphérie par une envelope permettant de former un espace d'arrivée (13), qui entoure sur la périphérie le chalumeau à plasma (9), pour les particules de matières premières de granulométrie fine; et en ce que dans le fond du creuset métallurgique sont prévues des buses (14), de préférence des buses enrobées, pour l'arrivée du gaz contenant de l'oxygène et du carbone.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que l'espace d'arrivée (13) est constitué de plusieurs lances de soufflage entourant sur la périphérie le chalumeau (9).
EP83890215A 1982-12-07 1983-11-24 Procédé et dispositif pour la production de métaux, en particulier de la fonte liquide, de prématériaux d'acier ou de ferro-alliages Expired EP0115756B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT4445/82 1982-12-07
AT0444582A AT375960B (de) 1982-12-07 1982-12-07 Verfahren und einrichtung zur herstellung von metallen, insbesondere von fluessigem roheisen, stahlvormaterial oder ferrolegierungen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0115756A1 EP0115756A1 (fr) 1984-08-15
EP0115756B1 true EP0115756B1 (fr) 1986-09-17

Family

ID=3564106

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83890215A Expired EP0115756B1 (fr) 1982-12-07 1983-11-24 Procédé et dispositif pour la production de métaux, en particulier de la fonte liquide, de prématériaux d'acier ou de ferro-alliages

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (2) US4533385A (fr)
EP (1) EP0115756B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS59113111A (fr)
AT (1) AT375960B (fr)
AU (1) AU2210283A (fr)
DD (1) DD215583A5 (fr)
DE (1) DE3366331D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES8506101A1 (fr)
FI (1) FI834416A (fr)
NO (1) NO834484L (fr)
PT (1) PT77770B (fr)
ZA (1) ZA839054B (fr)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4654076A (en) * 1986-01-30 1987-03-31 Plasma Energy Corporation Apparatus and method for treating metallic fines
AT387986B (de) * 1987-05-18 1989-04-10 Wilhelm Ing Stadlbauer Verfahren und vorrichtung zur durchfuehrung heisschemischer prozesse
US5017754A (en) * 1989-08-29 1991-05-21 Hydro Quebec Plasma reactor used to treat powder material at very high temperatures
US5177763A (en) * 1990-03-28 1993-01-05 Kawasaki Steel Corporation Furnace bottom structure of direct current electric furnace
DE4130397A1 (de) * 1991-09-12 1993-03-18 Kortec Ag Gleichstromofen mit einer herdelektrode, herdelektrode und elektrodenblock sowie betriebsverfahren fuer diesen ofen
US5375139A (en) * 1993-02-26 1994-12-20 Bender; Manfred Electric arc furnace insitu scrap preheating process
AT400245B (de) * 1993-12-10 1995-11-27 Voest Alpine Ind Anlagen Verfahren und anlage zum herstellen einer eisenschmelze
US5528012A (en) * 1994-03-28 1996-06-18 Retech, Inc. Apparatus and method for starting a plasma arc treatment system
SE536291C2 (sv) * 2012-03-08 2013-08-06 Valeas Recycling Ab Järnreduktionsprocess och anordning därför

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
AT257964B (de) * 1963-10-01 1967-11-10 Union Carbide Corp Verfahren zur Reduktion von Metalloxyden
GB1100919A (en) * 1964-05-06 1968-01-24 Enn Vallak Method of and means for cooling a combustion chamber, or a reaction chamber used in smelting reduction processes
DE1252336B (de) * 1964-08-13 1967-10-19 The Battelle Development Corporation, Columbus, Ohio (V St A) Lichtbogenplasmabrenner und Verfahren zum Betrieb eines solchen Brenners
US3472650A (en) * 1965-09-03 1969-10-14 Canada Steel Co Electric-arc steelmaking
FR1545464A (fr) * 1967-11-28 1968-11-08 Exxon Research Engineering Co Procédé de fusion de matières ferreuses au four à arc électrique
US3708599A (en) * 1971-04-22 1973-01-02 Thermal Transfer Corp High temperature apparatus
US3736358A (en) * 1971-07-30 1973-05-29 Westinghouse Electric Corp Process for iron ore reduction and electric furnace for iron ore reduction having at least one nonconsumable electrode
US3843351A (en) * 1973-05-24 1974-10-22 Boeing Co Method and apparatus for separating a constituent of a compound,such as a metal from an ore,by chemical reaction and physical separation using a plasma in the presence of a magnetic field
GB1511832A (en) * 1974-05-07 1978-05-24 Tetronics Res & Dev Co Ltd Arc furnaces and to methods of treating materials in such furnaces
SE424740B (sv) * 1976-07-28 1982-08-09 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab Framstellning av rajern genom smeltreduktion
DE2710377C2 (de) * 1977-03-10 1979-04-19 Fried. Krupp Gmbh, 4300 Essen Verfahren zur Herstellung von Stahl aus Metallschwamm unter Verwendung von Glasplasmen als Energieträger
SE424198B (sv) * 1980-10-15 1982-07-05 Stora Kopparbergs Bergslags Ab Sett for framstellning av rajern och energirik gas
AT372110B (de) * 1981-12-23 1983-09-12 Voest Alpine Ag Einrichtung zur herstellung von stahl

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ZA839054B (en) 1984-08-29
PT77770B (de) 1986-03-19
JPH0256407B2 (fr) 1990-11-30
ES527834A0 (es) 1985-06-01
NO834484L (no) 1984-06-08
DD215583A5 (de) 1984-11-14
ES8506101A1 (es) 1985-06-01
ATA444582A (de) 1984-02-15
PT77770A (de) 1984-01-01
AU2210283A (en) 1984-06-14
AT375960B (de) 1984-09-25
EP0115756A1 (fr) 1984-08-15
FI834416A0 (fi) 1983-12-02
US4533385A (en) 1985-08-06
DE3366331D1 (en) 1986-10-23
US4617671A (en) 1986-10-14
JPS59113111A (ja) 1984-06-29
FI834416A (fi) 1984-06-08

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