EP0110945A1 - A location monitoring system. - Google Patents
A location monitoring system.Info
- Publication number
- EP0110945A1 EP0110945A1 EP83901813A EP83901813A EP0110945A1 EP 0110945 A1 EP0110945 A1 EP 0110945A1 EP 83901813 A EP83901813 A EP 83901813A EP 83901813 A EP83901813 A EP 83901813A EP 0110945 A1 EP0110945 A1 EP 0110945A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- base station
- signpost
- transmitter
- frequency
- signal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08G—TRAFFIC CONTROL SYSTEMS
- G08G1/00—Traffic control systems for road vehicles
- G08G1/123—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams
- G08G1/127—Traffic control systems for road vehicles indicating the position of vehicles, e.g. scheduled vehicles; Managing passenger vehicles circulating according to a fixed timetable, e.g. buses, trains, trams to a central station ; Indicators in a central station
Definitions
- the invention concerns a system for monitoring the location of a plurality of mobile units operating on preestablished routes from a centrally located control station, said syste comprising a stationary base station covering one or more transmission channels with a transmitter and a receiver for each channel for selective radio communication with the mo ⁇ bile units comprised by the system, said mobile units simi ⁇ larly comprising a transmitter and a receiver for radio com ⁇ munication with said base station, and with signposts lo— cated in specific positions along the known routes, each of said signposts being provided with a short range transmitter for transmitting during the passage thereof position-spe ⁇ cific information to a storage means provided in a mobile unit.
- a system of the above-mentioned type is known in many embodi ments and is primarily used for monitoring e.g. the public bus service.
- the public bus service In order most efficiently to utilize the avai ⁇ lable rolling equipment and to provide a reasonably good ser vice to the public, it is necessary that e.g. the scheduled arrivals and departures are maintained as close as possible.
- the maintenance of schedule have justified the establishment and maintenance of a loca ⁇ tion monitoring system, through which it is possible at any time :to get ' an exact survey of where in the system of routes each individual mobile unit is positioned.
- the individual units ca be diverted and controlled from the base station.
- a system o the above-mentioned type is useful not only in connection with the public transport of passengers, but has also prove its usefulness in connection with e.g. money transports or p trols of different kinds.
- Communications between the signposts and the individual mobil units take place wirelessly and are based on different tech ⁇ niques, but most of them are unsuitable in the present use.
- communications with infrared light have only a limited range, and the same applies to communications with ultrasound which has moreover a poor signal/noise ratio.
- RF-communica- tions at very low frequencies are known in connection with rail traffic, but this technique is expensive and difficult to maintain.
- Radio communications in the microwave range constitute the most frequently used method owing to its reliability and ac ⁇ curacy, but is very expensive.
- the apparatus used in the VHF/UHF range is less expensive, but thenthere is a lot of traffic in the air so that it may be difficult to get the required number - of communications channels from the teleadministrations.
- the Danish Patent Specification 132 475 discloses a traffic monitoring system, in which a sequence of messages is conti ⁇ nuously transmitted from a traffic control centre, each con- taining its address of a bus, and information is received from each bus about its position at the time of reply.
- the in terrogation messages are transmitted on one frequency, the in terrogation frequency, while the reply messages from the indi vidual buses are transmitted on another frequency, the reply frequency.
- This part of the communications between the traf ⁇ fic control centre and each individual bus takes place digi ⁇ tally.
- the known system provides a faci ⁇ lity for communicating at voice communications level between the driver and the traffic control centre, which takes place on another channel, the voice communications channel.
- each individual bus receives position-specific in ⁇ formation during the passage of a signpost, which coritinuousl
- W1PO transmits messages containing an identification code specifi of the signpost in question.
- Each signpost comprises a digit position generator whose output signal is converted by FSK technique into tonesused for modulating a constantly operati transmitter.
- a location monitoring system of the type stated in the openin paragraph is characterized according to the invention in that the transmitter at the base station and the transmitter in each signpost are arranged to transmit on the same frequency, and that the transmitter of the signpost comprises an antenna with a signal emission so arranged that in a narrow range a- round the signpost its level is so high above the mean level of the signal emitted from the base station that a satisfac ⁇ tory acceptance of the signal received from the signpost is obtained, and decreases so that the signal strength from the signpost at a suitable distance at either side of the said post has decreased to such a low level below the mean level of the signal emitted from the base station that satisfacto ⁇ ry acceptance of the signal received from the base station is obtained.
- the stationary equipment When the base station and the individual signposts transmit on the same frequency, the stationary equipment is simplified and thus made cheaper because at both points it allows the us of the same equipment as for other RF purposes.
- the cOmmunica tions equipment in the mobile units is also made cheaper in that at least one receiver is saved per unit.
- the need for communications channels or frequencies, which is a scanty resource is reduced in that only a single channel is occupied instead of two like in the known system.
- fig. 1 is a schematic view of the individual main components * of a location monitoring system
- fig. 2 showsthe units incorporated in the transmitter/receiv equipment of a mobile unit
- fig. 3 shows, for different signal levels, the message accep ⁇ tance as a function of the difference in level betwee the signal strength of two signals on the same freque cy
- fig. 4 shows the relative signal level from the antenna of a signpost as a function of the relative distance in th direction of motion
- fig. 5 is a sketch to illustrate the coverage profile of a base station
- fig. 6 is a diagram of a modified transmitter/receiver in a mobile unit.
- a stationary base station is generally designated by 10.
- it comprises a central computer 11 con ⁇ taining all relevant information about the mobile units form ing part of the system, the routes to be traversed, and the points of time when these units are scheduled to pass speci- fie positions 'in the system of routes, and a transmitter/re ⁇ DC part 12 which is in radio con-tact with a mobile unit 14 via an antenna 13.
- the base station comprises the usual equipment for such a station for the monitoring of the system of routes, such as control desks with display and printer units and radio telephony equipment for the setting up of voice communications connections with any of the mobile units in the system but such equipmentis ordinary and does not concern the invention, and is accordingly not shown in th drawing.
- control desks with display and printer units
- radio telephony equipment for the setting up of voice communications connections with any of the mobile units in the system but such equipmentis ordinary and does not concern the invention, and is accordingly not shown in th drawing.
- the mobileunit (14) issymbolized by a vehicle of a type, e.g. a bus; the essential feature to the system, how ⁇ ever, is that each mobile unit 14 follows a known route and passes certain fixed points on the route.
- a fixed point is marked by a signpost 15, which is in principle a transmit ⁇ ter which, through an antenna 16, constantly emits a signal of a suitable strength and containing information about the position of the signpost in question in the system of routes.
- a sequence of interrogation messages is emitted from the base station 10, each containing its individual address to a mobile unit 14 which upon reception of aft ' -interrogation message trans mits its reply message containing the identification code for the unit in question and information about its . current position.
- This communication betwee the base station 10 and the mobile units 14 takes place through two channels, an inter rogation channel of the frequency Fl and a reply channel of the frequency F2 as marked by a double * arrow 17.
- the position of the signpost 15 is transmitted to the mobile unit 14 during the passage thereof, and this information is stored in a known manner in a store until passage of the fol ⁇ lowing signpost in the system.
- the travelled distance between two signposts is measured continuously e.g. by means of an o- dometer, and this measured value is applied to the position store likewise in a known manner, so that the position infor ⁇ mation transmitted with the reply message is correct within a certain margin.
- all the signposts 15 transmit on the same frequency Fl as the base station 10, which is indi ⁇ cated by a single arrow 18. This involves the advantage that an extra receiver is saved in each mobile unit while ⁇ ainimizin the need for transmission channels. It is not unknown that it is difficult, if not impossible, to find free channels in the VHF/UHF band.
- Fig. 2 shows the most important units of the invention which are incorporated in the transmitter/receiver equipment of a mobile unit 14.
- the mobile unit Via an antenna 21 the mobile unit receives a message, from the base station 10 or from a ' signpost 15, and this message is passed on through a bandpass filter 22 of the centre frequency Fl to a receiver 23.
- the receiver se ⁇ lects the. received messages so that only the message from the base station 10 which has the correct address, or a message from a signpost 15 causes a response.
- This consists in the storage of the position code of a signpost in a control unit 24, which also receives information from an odometer (not shown) about the travelled distance since the last passage of a signpost, or the response is that an accepted interrogation message causes the information on the position which is store at the given point of time in the control unit 24 to be trans mitted to a transmitter 25, which transmits this information together with the identification code of the mobile unit through another bandpass filter 26 of the centre frequency F2
- Fig. 4 shows an emission diagram for a two-element halfwave end-fire antenna suitable as an antenna 16 for a signpost 15.
- the ordinate of the diagram indicates the mean value of the relative signal level in dB, and its abscissa the relative di ⁇ stance in metres calculated inthe direction of motion of a mobile unit forming part of the system.
- the dia ⁇ gram is relatively symmetrical about the axis of the antenna ' and exhibits a narrow opening angle.
- About 10 m at either side of the signpost the signal level has already decreased 6dB with respect to maximum signal strength in the main direction of the antenna, and just under 50 m to the side the signal strength of the antenna has decreased by a further 20 dB. If the transmitter strength of the individual signpost 15 is ar- ranged in such a manner that the 6dB level is equal to the mea
- the message ac ⁇ ceptance of a message transmitted from a signpost is about 50%, cf. the curves in fig. 3, and if a mobile unit passes a signpost at an average speed of 10 m/s, the unit receives a- bout 5 to 10 messages from the signpost, the duration of a message including interval being about 100 ms.
- the mobile unit receives the position informa ⁇ tion from the signpost passed and stores it for subsequent transmission to- the base station.
- the coverage profile of the base station is illu ⁇ strated.
- the spacing between the signposts is designated by a, and the trapezoidal curves between them indicate the mes ⁇ sage acceptance of messages from the base station.
- the spac- ing b indicates the length of the distance opposite a sign ⁇ post where the acceptance is less than 90%. If a message ac ⁇ ceptance completely outside the operating ranges of the sign- posts of 95% is required, and if this quantity is called 1-P it can be shown that the probability P that a mobile unit doe not receive a message from the base station can be expressed by:
- the transmitter equipment in eac mobile unit can be extended with an own oscillator and fre ⁇ quency converter, so that the mobile unit still uses the sam receiver as before.
- This extension is shown in fig. 6. With respect to the diagram in fig.
- the extension consists in a dividing network 31 for the operating frequency Fb of the signpost, said dividing network 31 passing on the signal from the antenna 21 through an amplifier 32 to a frequency conver ⁇ ter 33, which receives a signal from an own oscillator 34 os ⁇ cillating on the frequency Fb-Fl.
- the signal composed by the converter 33 is passed through a bandpass filter 35 of the centre frequency Fl and now contains the information which was transmitted to the antenna 21 on the operating frequency Fb.
- the signal- is conveyed to the receiver through an additio link 36.
Abstract
Dans un système de contrôle de position pour contrôler la position de plusieurs unités mobiles fonctionnant sur des itinéraires préétablis à partir d'une station de commande centrale et où chaque unité mobile (14) communique en partie avec une station de base (10), en partie avec des poteaux de signalisation (15, 16) situés à des positions précises le long d'itinéraires connues, desquels les unités mobiles (14) reçoivent pendant leur passage une information se rapportant spécifiquement à la position, les émetteurs (12, 15) à la fois de la station de base (10) et de chaque poteau individuel de signalisation (15, 16) sont disposés pour avoir la même fréquence de fonctionnement (F1). Cela économise un récepteur supplémentaire dans chacune des unités mobiles (14) tout en réduisant au minimum le besoin de canaux de transmission. De plus, l'antenne (16) du poteau de signalisation dispose d'une émission de signaux d'une portée restreinte autour d'elle et avec une intensité de signal telle que la réception de messsage des signaux d'un poteau de signalisation (15, 16) lors du passage est raisonnablement bonne (50 %); simultanément, la probabilité qu'un message provenant de la station de base (10) ne soit pas reçu est très faible (=0,1).In a position control system for controlling the position of several mobile units operating on preset routes from a central control station and where each mobile unit (14) communicates in part with a base station (10), part with signal posts (15, 16) located at precise positions along known routes, from which the mobile units (14) receive during their passage information relating specifically to the position, the transmitters (12, 15) both the base station (10) and each individual signal pole (15, 16) are arranged to have the same operating frequency (F1). This saves an additional receiver in each of the mobile units (14) while minimizing the need for transmission channels. In addition, the antenna (16) of the sign post has a transmission of signals of a restricted range around it and with a signal intensity such as the reception of messsage of the signals of a sign post ( 15, 16) when passing is reasonably good (50%); at the same time, the probability that a message from the base station (10) will not be received is very low (= 0.1).
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DK2553/82 | 1982-06-07 | ||
DK255382A DK154588C (en) | 1982-06-07 | 1982-06-07 | POSITION MONITORING SYSTEM |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0110945A1 true EP0110945A1 (en) | 1984-06-20 |
EP0110945B1 EP0110945B1 (en) | 1987-01-14 |
Family
ID=8113162
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83901813A Expired EP0110945B1 (en) | 1982-06-07 | 1983-06-07 | A location monitoring system |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0110945B1 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3390030T1 (en) |
DK (1) | DK154588C (en) |
GB (1) | GB2132398B (en) |
SE (1) | SE456287B (en) |
WO (1) | WO1983004451A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104850942A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 武汉体育学院 | Monitoring device for outdoor bodybuilding equipment |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4839835A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1989-06-13 | Hagenbuch Roy George Le | Apparatus and method responsive to the on-board measuring of the load carried by a truck body |
US4845648A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1989-07-04 | Hagenbuch Roy George Le | Apparatus and method for on-board measuring of the load carried by a truck body |
US5416706A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1995-05-16 | Hagenbuch; Leroy G. | Apparatus for identifying containers from which refuse is collected and compiling a historical record of the containers |
US4831539A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1989-05-16 | Hagenbuch Roy George Le | Apparatus and method for locating a vehicle in a working area and for the on-board measuring of parameters indicative of vehicle performance |
US5327347A (en) * | 1984-04-27 | 1994-07-05 | Hagenbuch Roy George Le | Apparatus and method responsive to the on-board measuring of haulage parameters of a vehicle |
US5375161A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1994-12-20 | Accessline Technologies, Inc. | Telephone control system with branch routing |
US5825867A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1998-10-20 | Aspect Telecommunications Corporation | Enhanced call waiting |
US5752191A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1998-05-12 | Accessline Technologies, Inc. | Telephone control system which connects a caller with a subscriber AT A telephone address |
US5588037A (en) * | 1984-09-14 | 1996-12-24 | Accessline Technologies, Inc. | Remote access telephone control system |
DE3501031A1 (en) * | 1985-01-15 | 1986-07-17 | ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang | Determination of the location in vehicles |
DE3501034A1 (en) * | 1985-01-15 | 1986-07-17 | ANT Nachrichtentechnik GmbH, 7150 Backnang | Wireless transmission from a vehicle of information relating to its location |
US5190729A (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1993-03-02 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Luminescent oxygen sensor based on a lanthanide complex |
US4861727A (en) * | 1986-09-08 | 1989-08-29 | C. R. Bard, Inc. | Luminescent oxygen sensor based on a lanthanide complex |
GB2236233A (en) * | 1989-09-04 | 1991-03-27 | Philips Electronic Associated | Communicating information by radio;preventing communication overlap |
DE4244624A1 (en) * | 1992-12-29 | 1994-06-30 | Mannesmann Ag | Method and device for determining driving data of a rail vehicle |
DE9312460U1 (en) * | 1993-08-19 | 1994-12-15 | Siemens Ag | Electronic arrangement for monitoring a condition of one or more objects, e.g. one thing and / or person |
WO1996030884A1 (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1996-10-03 | Willy Palle Pedersen | Communication of position signals from mobile units |
FR2765710B1 (en) * | 1997-07-04 | 1999-09-10 | Jean Claude Decaux | INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING INFORMATION TO USERS OF A PUBLIC TRANSIT NETWORK RELATING TO WAIT TIMES AT STATIONS OF THIS NETWORK |
AU1448999A (en) * | 1997-08-07 | 1999-03-29 | Honeywell Inc. | Range positioning system |
Family Cites Families (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2644883A (en) * | 1950-04-28 | 1953-07-07 | Leonard W Schoenherr | Spring-held decorative shade |
US3644883A (en) * | 1969-12-29 | 1972-02-22 | Motorola Inc | Automatic vehicle monitoring identification location alarm and voice communications system |
US3757290A (en) * | 1971-03-12 | 1973-09-04 | Sperry Rand Corp | Automatic vehicle monitoring system |
US3697941A (en) * | 1971-07-01 | 1972-10-10 | Devenco Inc | Vehicle location system and method |
DE2143474C3 (en) * | 1971-08-31 | 1986-11-13 | Licentia Patent-Verwaltungs-Gmbh, 6000 Frankfurt | System for central monitoring of the location of a vehicle |
US3735335A (en) * | 1971-12-20 | 1973-05-22 | Rca Corp | Electronic fence vehicle locater transmitter and system using same |
DE2539241C3 (en) * | 1975-09-03 | 1985-02-07 | Siemens AG, 1000 Berlin und 8000 München | Device for central location monitoring of vehicles in a transport network, e.g. urban buses |
ZA774966B (en) * | 1976-09-30 | 1978-06-28 | Motorola Inc | Vehicle location system |
-
1982
- 1982-06-07 DK DK255382A patent/DK154588C/en active
-
1983
- 1983-06-07 DE DE19833390030 patent/DE3390030T1/en active Granted
- 1983-06-07 GB GB08402638A patent/GB2132398B/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-07 EP EP83901813A patent/EP0110945B1/en not_active Expired
- 1983-06-07 WO PCT/DK1983/000059 patent/WO1983004451A1/en active IP Right Grant
-
1984
- 1984-02-07 SE SE8400632A patent/SE456287B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO8304451A1 * |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN104850942A (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2015-08-19 | 武汉体育学院 | Monitoring device for outdoor bodybuilding equipment |
CN104850942B (en) * | 2015-04-29 | 2018-06-05 | 武汉体育学院 | A kind of outdoor fitness equipment monitoring device |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2132398A (en) | 1984-07-04 |
WO1983004451A1 (en) | 1983-12-22 |
EP0110945B1 (en) | 1987-01-14 |
DK154588C (en) | 1989-04-24 |
SE456287B (en) | 1988-09-19 |
SE8400632L (en) | 1984-02-07 |
DE3390030C2 (en) | 1991-02-07 |
DE3390030T1 (en) | 1984-06-28 |
SE8400632D0 (en) | 1984-02-07 |
GB2132398B (en) | 1986-08-06 |
GB8402638D0 (en) | 1984-03-07 |
DK154588B (en) | 1988-11-28 |
DK255382A (en) | 1984-02-02 |
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