EP0108877A1 - Method of applying protective coatings to the surfaces of tools and devices - Google Patents

Method of applying protective coatings to the surfaces of tools and devices Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0108877A1
EP0108877A1 EP83108620A EP83108620A EP0108877A1 EP 0108877 A1 EP0108877 A1 EP 0108877A1 EP 83108620 A EP83108620 A EP 83108620A EP 83108620 A EP83108620 A EP 83108620A EP 0108877 A1 EP0108877 A1 EP 0108877A1
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EP
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Prior art keywords
hard metal
metal particles
wear
tools
added
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Granted
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EP83108620A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0108877B1 (en
Inventor
Atilla Dr.Ing. Akyol
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RABEWERK GMBH + CO. TE BAD ESSEN, BONDSREPUBLIEK D
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Rabewerk Heinrich Clausing
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Priority to AT83108620T priority Critical patent/ATE36176T1/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material

Abstract

A method for applying a wear-resistant coating to a working surface of an object, which working surface is to be exposed to wear. To coat the object, it is dipped in a bath of molten metal containing unmolten hard metal carbide particles dispersed therein, whereby a coating is formed on the object.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Auftragen verschleißfester Schichten auf dem Verschleiß ausgesetzten Arbeitsflächen von Werkzeugen und Vorrichtungen, insbesondere von Bodenbeärbeitungswerkzeugen.The invention relates to a method for applying wear-resistant layers to work surfaces of tools and devices, in particular of soil working tools, which are exposed to wear.

Es ist bekannt, bei Werkzeugen auf den Stellen verschleißfeste Schichten aufzubringen, die einem hohen Verschleiß ausgesetzt sind. Das Auftragen dieser verschleißfesten Schichten erfolgt z.B. durch Aufschweißen mittels Hartmetallelektroden, durch Auftragung mit Hilfe des Plasmaschweißens oder aber durch Aufspritzen (Flammspritzen) von selbstfließendem Metallpulver. Diese bekannten Verfahren zum Auftragen verschleißfester Schichten sind jedoch allesamt aufwendig, wobei beim Aufschweißen dieser Schichten mit Hilfe von Hartmetallelektroden hinzu kommt, daß diese Schichten spröde, riß- und bruchempfindlich sind. Beim Auftragen der Hartmetallschichten mit Hilfe des Flammspritzens von selbstfließendem Metallpulver tritt ein großer Materialverlust ein, zudem ist dieses Verfahren gleichermaßen aufwendig. Dies trifft auch für das Plasmaschweißen zu.It is known to apply wear-resistant layers to the locations of tools that are exposed to high wear. These wear-resistant layers are applied, for example, by welding using hard metal electrodes, by applying with the help of plasma welding, or by spraying (flame spraying) self-flowing metal powder. However, these known methods for applying wear-resistant layers are all complex, and when these layers are welded on with the aid of hard metal electrodes it is added that these layers are sensitive to brittleness, cracking and breakage. When the hard metal layers are applied with the help of flame spraying of self-flowing metal powder, there is a great loss of material, and this method is equally complex. This also applies to that Plasma welding too.

Insbesondere zeichnen sich diese Verfahren durch eine geringe Wirtschaftlichkeit aus, wenn große Arbeitsflächen mit einer verschleißfesten Beschichtung versehen werden sollen, wie dies z.B. bei Pflugscharen oder auch sonstigen Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen der Fall-ist. Darüberhinaus ist es gerade bei Pflugscharen erforderlich, daß die behandelte Oberfläche möglichst glatt-sein-soll, damit dem Boden ein geringer Widerstand entgegengesetzt wird. Letzteres erfordert jedoch bei dem bekannten Verfahren in der Regel eine Nachbehandlung, die, da es sich um harte Schichten handelt, arbeitsintensiv und zeitaufwendig ist.In particular, these processes are characterized by their low cost-effectiveness when large work surfaces are to be provided with a wear-resistant coating, such as this is the case with plowshares or other tillage tools. In addition, especially with ploughshare, it is necessary that the treated surface should be as smooth as possible, so that there is little resistance to the ground. However, the latter generally requires post-treatment in the known method, which, since the layers are hard, is labor-intensive and time-consuming.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren für das Aufbringen von verschleißfesten Schichten auf Werkzeugen und Vorrichtungen vorzuschlagen, das auch für ein großflächiges Auftragen glatter.Schichten.geeignet ist,.das mit einem geringen Zeit- und Kostenaufwand durchgeführt werden kann und das auch für die-Erzielung glatter Oberflächen keinerlei Nachbehandlung bedarf.The invention has for its object to propose a method for the application of wear-resistant layers on tools and devices, which is also suitable for large-area application of smooth layers.that can be carried out with little time and cost and also for achieving smooth surfaces requires no post-treatment.

Diese Aufgabe wird mit den Merkmalen des kennzeichnenden Teils des Anspruches 1 gelöst.This object is achieved with the features of the characterizing part of claim 1.

Ein erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren zeichnet sich somit dadurch aus, daß die zu beschichtenden Oberflächen der Werkzeuge in ein Metallschmelzbad eingetaucht.werden, das mit einem relativ hohen Anteil an Hartmetallteilchen versehen ist, so daß ein Großteil dieser Hartmetallteilchen nicht in Lösung geht. Beim Eintauchen der Werkzeuge scheidet sich dann auf den Flächen eine Schicht ab, die in einem Arbeitsgang bis zu 3 mm betragen kann, wobei diese Schicht von der Metallschmelze sowie der Schmelzbad-Temeratur abhängt. Diese sich auf den Arbeitsflächen ablagernde Schicht weist zum einen eine glatte Oberfläche auf und darüberhinaus eine Verschleißfestigkeit, die insbesondere bei Pflugscharen das Dreifache der üblichen beträgt. Als Metallegierung, zu der Hartmetallteilchen zugesetzt werden, eignet sich insbesondere eine Legierung auf Basis von Nickel oder Eisen. Dieser Metallschmelze werden z.B. Bor und Silicium in Mengen bis zu 9 % zugegeben, damit die Schmelztemperatur dieser Schmelze erniedrigt wird. Es ist so ohne weiteres für eine Metallschmelze auf Nickellegierung eine Liquidus- Temperatur der Schmelze von 1100° C und bei einer Metallegierung auf Eisenbasis eine Liquidus-Temperatur von 1250° C zu erhalten.A method according to the invention is thus characterized in that the surfaces of the tools to be coated are immersed in a molten metal bath which is provided with a relatively high proportion of hard metal particles, so that a large part of these hard metal particles does not dissolve. When the tools are immersed, they differ then a layer on the surfaces, which can be up to 3 mm in one operation, this layer depending on the molten metal and the temperature of the molten bath. This layer, which is deposited on the work surfaces, has a smooth surface on the one hand and, on the other hand, a wear resistance which is three times the usual, in particular for plowshares. An alloy based on nickel or iron is particularly suitable as the metal alloy to which hard metal particles are added. For example, boron and silicon are added to this molten metal in amounts of up to 9% so that the melting temperature of this melt is reduced. A liquidus temperature of the melt of 1100 ° C. for a molten metal on nickel alloy and a liquidus temperature of 1250 ° C. for an iron-based metal alloy can thus be obtained.

In diese Metallschmelze auf Nickel- oder Eisenbasis werden dann die Hartmetallteilchen eingegeben, die aus.Wolfram-, Chrom- oder aber auch aus Mischkarbiden aus Molybdän-, Titan--und Tantalkarbiden bestehen kann. Die Menge der zugegebenen Karbide hängt von der gewünschten:Verschleißfestigkeit der aufgetragenen Schichten ab und kann.vorteilhaft bis zu 45 % des Gewichts der Metallschmelze betragen.The hard metal particles, which can consist of tungsten, chromium or else mixed carbides of molybdenum, titanium and tantalum carbides, are then introduced into this metal melt based on nickel or iron. The amount of carbides added depends on the desired wear resistance of the applied layers and can advantageously be up to 45% of the weight of the molten metal.

Falls die Dicke der Schicht nach dem ersten Tauchvorgang nicht ausreichend stark sein sollte, so kann der Tauchvorgang nach Erkalten der ersten.aufgebrachten Schicht ein weiteres oder beliebige weitere Male wiederholt werden. Die aufgebrachten Schichten zeigen nicht nur den Vorteil, daß diese glatt sind und somit keinerlei Nachbehandlung bedürfen, sondern auch weiter den Vorteil, daß diese noch schmiedbar sind, so daß die Werkzeuge anschließend noch verformt werden können.If the thickness of the layer is not sufficiently thick after the first dipping process, the dipping process can be repeated a further or any number of times after the first applied layer has cooled. The layers applied not only have the advantage that they are smooth and therefore do not require any post-treatment, but also the advantage that they can still be forged so that the tools can still be used afterwards can be deformed.

Was die Schmelzbadtemperatur betrifft, so wird diese mindestens 100° höher als die Liquidustemperatur der Metallschmelze sein, wobei sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt hat, die Werkzeuge vor dem Tauchvorgang anzuwärmen, da sich dann eine bessere Verbindung zwischen der Oberfläche des Werkzeugs und der aufgebrachten Schicht bildet. Des weiteren ist es für einen guten Verbund Voraussetzung, daß die getauchten Werkzeuge zunderfrei und rostfrei sind, was in einfacher Weise durch eine Vorbehandlung der Werkzeuge mittels Sandstrahlen erfolgen kann.As far as the molten bath temperature is concerned, this will be at least 100 ° higher than the liquidus temperature of the molten metal, it having proven advantageous to preheat the tools before the dipping process, since then a better connection is formed between the surface of the tool and the applied layer. Furthermore, it is a prerequisite for a good bond that the immersed tools are scale-free and rust-free, which can be done in a simple manner by pretreating the tools with sandblasting.

Eine Metallschmelze auf Eisenbasis zeigt zum einen den Vorteil, daß diese kostengünstiger ist und eine bessere Verbindung mit dem.Metall des Werkzeuges eingeht. Allerdings zeigt diese Schmelze gleichzeitig den Nachteil, daß diese zur Rißbildung neigt. Eine Schmelze auf Nickelbasis hat den Vorteil, daß.'diese eine geringere Schmelzbadtemperatur erfordert und gegenüber der Schmelze auf Eisenbasis eine höhere Verschleißfestigkeit zeigt.-Allerdings ist eine derartige Schmelze kostenmäßig teurer.On the one hand, a metal melt based on iron has the advantage that it is cheaper and has a better connection with the metal of the tool. However, this melt also has the disadvantage that it tends to crack. A nickel-based melt has the advantage that it requires a lower melt bath temperature and exhibits greater wear resistance than the iron-based melt. - However, such a melt is more expensive in terms of cost.

Zusätzlich zu dem Einbringen der Hartmetallteilchen in die Metallschmelze kann das Werkzeug zuvor gleichermaßen mit einer Hartmetallschicht versehen werden, was z.B. durch.Ein- - tauchen des Werkzeuges in ein Hartmetallpulver erfolgen kann oder aber durch Aufbringen der Hartmetallteilchen mittels magnetischen.und/oder elektrostatischen Verfahrens. Auch ist es denkbar, das Wirbelsinterverfahren zum Auftragen der Hartmetallteilchen auf die Werkzeugflächen zu verwenden, wobei auf den Werkzeugflächen ein entsprechendes Bindemittel aufgebracht sein kann. Im Anschluß hieran werden die Werkzeuge dann in die Metallschmelze getaucht.In addition to introducing the hard metal particles into the molten metal, the tool can be provided with a hard metal layer beforehand, which can be done, for example, by immersing the tool in a hard metal powder or by applying the hard metal particles by means of a magnetic and / or electrostatic process. It is also conceivable to use the vortex sintering method to apply the hard metal particles to the tool surfaces, it being possible for an appropriate binder to be applied to the tool surfaces. Following this, the Tools then dipped in the molten metal.

Claims (13)

1. Verfahren zum Auftragen von verschleißfesten Schichten auf dem Verschleiß ausgesetzten Arbeitsflächen von Werkzeugen und Vorrichtungen, insbesondere von Bodenbearbeitungswerkzeugen, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auftrag der verschleißfesten Schicht in einem Schmelzbad erfolgt, das aus einer metallischen Schmelze besteht, der Hartmetallteilchen in solchem Umfange zügesetzt sind, daß ein nicht unbeachtlicher Teil der Hartmetallteilchen nicht in Lösung geht..1. A method for applying wear-resistant layers on the work surfaces exposed to wear and tear of tools and devices, in particular soil working tools, characterized in that the wear-resistant layer is applied in a molten bath which consists of a metallic melt and the hard metal particles are added to such an extent that a not inconsiderable part of the hard metal particles does not go into solution .. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Metallschmelze eine Legierung auf Nickel- oder Eisenbasis verwendet wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an alloy based on nickel or iron is used as the molten metal. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch'gekennzeichnet, daß der Basislegierung Bor und/oder Silicium zur Schmelzpunkterniedrigung zugesetzt sind.3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized 'in that the base alloy boron and / or silicon are added to lower the melting point. 4. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Nickelbasislegierung folgende Zusammensetzung in Gew.% aufweist:
Figure imgb0001
Rest Verunreinigungen..4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a nickel-based alloy has the following composition in% by weight:
Figure imgb0001
 Rest impurities .. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Nickelbasislegierung, bezogen auf das Gewicht der BasisLegierung in Gew.%, 5 - 15 % Wolfram-Karbid und 10 - 20 % Chrom-Karbid zugesetzt wird.5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that the nickel-based alloy, based on the weight of the base alloy in% by weight, 5-15% tungsten carbide and 10-20% chromium carbide is added. 6.,Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Eisenbasislegierung mit folgender Zusammensetzung in Gew.% verwendet wird:
Figure imgb0002
Rest Verunreinigungen. .6., Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an iron-based alloy with the following composition in wt.% Is used:
Figure imgb0002
 Rest impurities. . 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Eisenbasislegierung, bezogen auf das Gewicht der Basisleg rung in Gew.%,
Figure imgb0003
zugesetzt wird.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the iron-based alloy, based on the weight of the Basisleg tion in wt.%,
Figure imgb0003
 is added. 8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Oberflächen der zu.beschichtenden Teile vor dem Tauchvorgang Sandgestrahlt werden.8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the surfaces of the parts to be coated are sandblasted before the dipping process. 9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Hartmetallteilchen vor dem Tauchvorgang auf die zu behandelnden Flächen aufgebracht werden.9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that hard metal particles are applied to the surfaces to be treated before the dipping process. 10. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Auftrag in körniger, pulvriger oder breiiger Form erfolgt.10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the application takes place in granular, powdery or mushy form. ll. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hartmetallteilchen, gegebenenfalls mit Bindemitteln versehen, mittels magnetischem und/oder elektrostatischem Verfahren aufgebracht werden.ll. A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the hard metal particles, optionally with Provide binders, applied by means of magnetic and / or electrostatic processes. 12. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das zu behandelnde Teil zuvor in ein Pulver getaucht wird.12. The method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the part to be treated is previously immersed in a powder. 13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Hartmetallteilchen durch Wirbelsintern aufgebracht werden.13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that the hard metal particles are applied by fluidized bed sintering.
EP83108620A 1982-09-16 1983-09-01 Method of applying protective coatings to the surfaces of tools and devices Expired EP0108877B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83108620T ATE36176T1 (en) 1982-09-16 1983-09-01 PROCESS FOR APPLYING WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS TO WORKING SURFACES OF TOOLS AND DEVICES.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3234310 1982-09-16
DE3234310 1982-09-16

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EP0108877A1 true EP0108877A1 (en) 1984-05-23
EP0108877B1 EP0108877B1 (en) 1988-08-03

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EP (1) EP0108877B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE36176T1 (en)
DE (1) DE3377584D1 (en)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3508603A1 (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-11 Atilla Dipl.-Chem. Dr.-Ing. 4515 Bad Essen Akyol METHOD FOR ATTACHING HARD METAL PLATES TO TOOLS, WEAR PARTS, ETC.
EP0195337A1 (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-24 Atilla Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Chem. Akyol Process for treating wear-resistant layers on tools or devices
DE3842673A1 (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-21 Atilla Dipl Chem Dr Ing Akyol Process for producing wear-resistant coats
EP1346621A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2003-09-24 Rabe Agrarsysteme GmbH & Co. KG Soil working machine tine
WO2007005333A2 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Isg Technology Inc. Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product
CN105917759A (en) * 2016-07-10 2016-09-07 石河子大学 Abrasion-resistant corrosion-resistant plow body curve surface for furrow plow

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FR2696760B1 (en) * 1992-10-09 1994-11-04 Alsthom Gec Coating for rubbing parts by rotation of a piece of matensitic steel.
JPH0738169U (en) * 1993-12-17 1995-07-14 シチズン時計株式会社 Knitting machine parts
US7238430B2 (en) * 1999-10-07 2007-07-03 Isg Technologies Inc. Composition for controlling spangle size, a coated steel product, and a coating method
NZ516750A (en) 1999-10-07 2003-09-26 Bethlehem Steel Corp A coating composition for steel product, a coated steel product, and a steel product coating method
US6689489B2 (en) 1999-10-07 2004-02-10 Isg Technologies, Inc. Composition for controlling spangle size, a coated steel product, and a coating method
IT1313883B1 (en) * 1999-12-17 2002-09-24 Edison Termoelettrica Spa ARTICLE BASED ON A METAL ALLOY OF NICKEL CHROME AND ELEMENTIMETALLOIDS INCLUDING PRECIPITATED MICROCRYSTALLINE, METAL ALLOY
JP2004359998A (en) * 2003-06-04 2004-12-24 Hitachi Ltd Method for manufacturing metallic member having compound-particle-dispersed alloy layer, and slide member
US20050072682A1 (en) * 2003-10-07 2005-04-07 Kenneth Lore Process and apparatus for coating components of a shopping cart and a product
CN112941511A (en) * 2021-02-01 2021-06-11 南京信息职业技术学院 Preparation method of wear-resistant composite coating on surface of steel plate of automobile body

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Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE3508603A1 (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-11 Atilla Dipl.-Chem. Dr.-Ing. 4515 Bad Essen Akyol METHOD FOR ATTACHING HARD METAL PLATES TO TOOLS, WEAR PARTS, ETC.
EP0195337A1 (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-24 Atilla Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Chem. Akyol Process for treating wear-resistant layers on tools or devices
EP0195338A2 (en) * 1985-03-11 1986-09-24 Atilla Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Chem. Akyol Process for fixing hard metal plates to tools, parts subject to wear, etc.
EP0195338A3 (en) * 1985-03-11 1988-02-10 Atilla Dr.-Ing. Dipl.-Chem. Akyol Process for fixing hard metal plates to tools, parts subject to wear, etc.
DE3842673A1 (en) * 1988-12-19 1990-06-21 Atilla Dipl Chem Dr Ing Akyol Process for producing wear-resistant coats
EP1346621A1 (en) 2002-03-22 2003-09-24 Rabe Agrarsysteme GmbH & Co. KG Soil working machine tine
WO2007005333A2 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-01-11 Isg Technology Inc. Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product
WO2007005333A3 (en) * 2005-07-01 2007-09-20 Isg Technology Inc Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product
US7413769B2 (en) 2005-07-01 2008-08-19 Mcdevitt Erin T Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product
AU2006266187B2 (en) * 2005-07-01 2010-08-05 Severstal Sparrows Point Llc Process for applying a metallic coating, an intermediate coated product, and a finish coated product
CN105917759A (en) * 2016-07-10 2016-09-07 石河子大学 Abrasion-resistant corrosion-resistant plow body curve surface for furrow plow

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ATE36176T1 (en) 1988-08-15
EP0108877B1 (en) 1988-08-03
DE3377584D1 (en) 1988-09-08
US4510183A (en) 1985-04-09

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