DE2360547B2 - Process for the improvement of sprayed-on coatings on bearing and tool parts - Google Patents

Process for the improvement of sprayed-on coatings on bearing and tool parts

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Publication number
DE2360547B2
DE2360547B2 DE2360547A DE2360547A DE2360547B2 DE 2360547 B2 DE2360547 B2 DE 2360547B2 DE 2360547 A DE2360547 A DE 2360547A DE 2360547 A DE2360547 A DE 2360547A DE 2360547 B2 DE2360547 B2 DE 2360547B2
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
layer
sprayed
tool parts
bearing
coatings
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
DE2360547A
Other languages
German (de)
Other versions
DE2360547A1 (en
Inventor
C.E. Zeist Rhodes
M.B. Amersfoort Verburgh
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
SKF GmbH
Original Assignee
SKF Kugellagerfabriken GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by SKF Kugellagerfabriken GmbH filed Critical SKF Kugellagerfabriken GmbH
Publication of DE2360547A1 publication Critical patent/DE2360547A1/en
Publication of DE2360547B2 publication Critical patent/DE2360547B2/en
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/62—Selection of substances
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C26/00—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00
    • C23C26/02—Coating not provided for in groups C23C2/00 - C23C24/00 applying molten material to the substrate
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/18—After-treatment
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C33/00—Parts of bearings; Special methods for making bearings or parts thereof
    • F16C33/30—Parts of ball or roller bearings
    • F16C33/58—Raceways; Race rings
    • F16C33/64—Special methods of manufacture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/80—Cermets, i.e. composites of ceramics and metal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C2206/00—Materials with ceramics, cermets, hard carbon or similar non-metallic hard materials as main constituents
    • F16C2206/80—Cermets, i.e. composites of ceramics and metal
    • F16C2206/82—Cermets, i.e. composites of ceramics and metal based on tungsten carbide [WC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S148/00—Metal treatment
    • Y10S148/902—Metal treatment having portions of differing metallurgical properties or characteristics
    • Y10S148/903—Directly treated with high energy electromagnetic waves or particles, e.g. laser, electron beam
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9265—Special properties
    • Y10S428/932—Abrasive or cutting feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/937—Sprayed metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
    • Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
    • Y10S428/939—Molten or fused coating
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12486—Laterally noncoextensive components [e.g., embedded, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/125—Deflectable by temperature change [e.g., thermostat element]
    • Y10T428/12507—More than two components
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12576—Boride, carbide or nitride component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
    • Y10T428/12611—Oxide-containing component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12937—Co- or Ni-base component next to Fe-base component

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung von aufgespritzten Überzügen auf Lagerund Werkzeugteilen, die relativ großen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt sind.The invention relates to a method for improving sprayed coatings on bearings and Tool parts that are exposed to relatively high loads.

Es ist bekannt, daß solche Schichten durch Flammoder Plasmaspritzen von pulverförmiger!! Material aufgetragen werden, um dem Teil eine verbesserte Verschleißfestigkeit, Korrosionsbeständigkeit oder Wärmewiderstandsfähigkeit zu verleihen (US-PS 36 42 519). Solche Überzüge sind allerdings, z.B. für Wälzlagerringe oder Metallbearbeitungswerluieuge, infolge der schwachen Haftung der Überzüge an dem Grundmaterial und der Porosität oder dem Oxidgehalt der Schicht selbst ungeeignet.It is known that such layers by flame or Plasma spraying of powder !! Material can be applied to give the part an enhanced To impart wear resistance, corrosion resistance, or heat resistance (U.S. Pat 36 42 519). Such coatings are, however, e.g. for Rolling bearing rings or metalworking eyelets, due to the poor adhesion of the coatings to the base material and the porosity or oxide content unsuitable for the layer itself.

Es ist ferner durch die GB-PS 8 67 455 nicht mehr neu, solche Schichten nach dem Aufspritzen durch eine Schmelzbehandlung zu verbessern, wobei speziell zusammengestellte pulverförmige Materialien verwendet werden. Die sich ergebenden Überzüge sind allerdings für stark beanspruchte Teile noch ungeeignet.It is also no longer new by GB-PS 8 67 455, such layers after spraying through a Improve melt treatment, using specially formulated powdery materials will. However, the resulting coatings are still unsuitable for heavily used parts.

Durch die FR-Zusatz-PS 27 470 (Hauptpatent 5 26 775) gehört es zum Stand der Technik, daß die aufgetragene Schicht eine oberflächliche, gleichmäßig verteilte Erwärmung mit einem Schweißbrenner erfährt, bis der Schmelzpunkt des Werkstoffes der Schicht erreicht ist. Hierdurch soll eine Verdichtung dieser Schicht erzielt werden. Bei diesem bekannten Verfahren wird jedoch nicht die gesamte Schicht umgeschmolzen, sondern lediglich ihre Oberfläche.By the FR-PS 27 470 (main patent 5 26 775) it belongs to the state of the art that the applied layer experiences a superficial, evenly distributed heating with a welding torch, until the melting point of the material of the layer is reached. This is intended to compress this Layer can be achieved. In this known method, however, the entire layer is not remelted, just its surface.

Aus der DE-OS 16 21 290 ist weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung glatter und ebener Hartmetallübeirzüge zu entnehmen, bei dem die Legierungen durch Flammspritzen aufgetragen und die überzogenen Werkstücke zur Oberflächenvergütung im Hochvakuum bei 10~2 bis 10~5Torr auf Temperaturen von 5 bis 4O0C unterhalb des Schmelzpunktes der Legierung während einer Dauer von 5 bis 15 Minuten erhitzt werden. Durch das Erhitzen im Hochvakuum wird lediglich eine Verbesserung der Hartmetallüberzüge erzielt Ein Umschmelzen der aufgetragenen Schicht wird bei diesem bekannten Verfahren nicht erreicht
Es ist die Aufgabe der Erfindung, ein Verfahren zur Verbesserung von aufgespritzten Überzügen auf Lagerund Werkzeugteilen zu schaffen, bei dem eine verbesserte Bindung zwischen der aufgetragenen Schicht und dem Grundmaterial erzielt wird, wobei die Porosität derselben verbessert wird, ohne daß die Eigenschaften des Grundmaterials beeinflußt werden.From DE-OS 16 21 290. A process smoother for the preparation and level Hartmetallübeirzüge remains can be seen in the plotted the alloys by flame spraying and the coated workpieces for the surface treatment in high vacuum at 10 -2 to 10 -5 torr at temperatures of 5 to 40 0 C below the melting point of the alloy are heated for a period of 5 to 15 minutes. Heating in a high vacuum merely improves the hard metal coatings. This known method does not remelt the applied layer
It is the object of the invention to provide a method for improving sprayed-on coatings on bearing and tool parts, in which an improved bond is achieved between the applied layer and the base material, the porosity of which is improved without the properties of the base material being influenced .

Diese Aufgabe wird gemäß der Erfindung dadurch gelöst, daß die aufgespritzte Schicht in einer Vakuumkammer mit Hilfe eines Elektronenstrahls umgeschmol-This object is achieved according to the invention in that the sprayed-on layer is in a vacuum chamber remelted with the help of an electron beam

ls zen wird, wobei die Leistung und die Intensität des Elektronenstrahls so eingestellt ist daß nur die Schicht selbst umgeschmolzen wird.ls zen being the power and intensity of the Electron beam is set so that only the layer itself is remelted.

Vollständigkeitshalber sei darauf hingewiesen, daß die für die Ausführung des beschriebenen Verfahrens geeignete Elektronenstrahlvorrichtung jener Art sein muß, bei der ein Elektronenstrahl mit Hilfe einer elektromagnetischen Linse auf eng begrenzte Punkte des Werkstücks oder eines Bestandteils desselben konzentriert werden kann, wodurch die erforderlichen hohen Temperaturen zustande gebracht werden können. Durch elektromagnetische Ablenkung des Elektronenstrahls ist es möglich, das Werkstück verschiedenen Heiz- und Schweißbedingungen auszusetzen.
Es ist vorteilhaft das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in einer Vakuumkammer auszuführen, in der ein Druck von ungefähr 1O~1 Torr oder weniger herrschtFor the sake of completeness, it should be pointed out that the electron beam device suitable for carrying out the method described must be of the type in which an electron beam can be concentrated on narrow points of the workpiece or a component thereof with the aid of an electromagnetic lens, thereby bringing about the required high temperatures can be. Electromagnetic deflection of the electron beam makes it possible to expose the workpiece to various heating and welding conditions.
It is advantageous to carry out the method according to the invention in a vacuum chamber in which a pressure of approximately 10 ~ 1 Torr or less prevails

Es wurde festgestellt daß unter solchen Bedingungen die Porosität und der Oxidgehalt der aufgetragenen Schicht bedeutend herabgesetzt wurden, und daß eine feinere und gleichmäßigere Verteilung von z. B. Karbiden und eine höhere Dichte erreicht werden konnte.It has been found that under such conditions the porosity and oxide content of the coated Layer were significantly reduced, and that a finer and more even distribution of z. B. Carbides and a higher density could be achieved.

Befriedigende Ergebnisse können mit einer Schicht erzielt werden, die aus einer Legierung von ungefähr 50% Wolframkarbid in einer Nickel-Kobalt Matrix besteht Die mikroskopische Analyse eines solchen Elements, hergestellt gemäß der Erfindung, weist deutlich eine feine, gleichmäßige Struktur der Schicht auf, die von jener der durch die bekannten Verfahren auf ein Werkstück aufgebrachten Schichten abweicht.Satisfactory results can be obtained with a layer made of an alloy of approximately The microscopic analysis of such a matrix consists of 50% tungsten carbide in a nickel-cobalt matrix Elements produced according to the invention clearly have a fine, uniform structure of the layer which differs from that of the layers applied to a workpiece by the known methods.

Solche Unterschiede in der Struktur sind in F i g. 1 und 2,Such differences in structure are shown in FIG. 1 and 2,

die Abdrucke von Mikrofotografien darstellen, klar ersichtlich.the prints of photomicrographs are clearly visible.

F i g. 1 ist ein Querschnitt durch eine Schicht 1 und dasF i g. 1 is a cross section through a layer 1 and the

so Grundmaterial 2. Die Schicht 1, bestehend aus einer Karbid-Kobalt-Nickel-Legierung, wurde in diesem Fall durch Flammspritzen auf das Grundmaterial aufgetragen. Die Abbildung zeigt deutlich die verhältnismäßig breite Diffusionsgrenzlinie 3 zwischen der Schicht 1 und dem Grundmaterial 2. Die ungleichmäßige Verteilung der Karbide 4 in der Schicht 1 und ihre Größe (Porosität) sind ebenfalls auffallend.so base material 2. Layer 1, consisting of a carbide-cobalt-nickel alloy, was used in this case applied to the base material by flame spraying. The figure clearly shows the proportionate broad diffusion boundary line 3 between the layer 1 and the base material 2. The uneven distribution the carbides 4 in the layer 1 and their size (porosity) are also conspicuous.

F i g. 2 stellt einen Querschnitt durch eine verbesserte Schicht 1 dar, die erfindungsgemäß mit Hilfe eines Elektronenstrahls in Vakuum umgeschmolzen wurde. Die Zusammensetzung der verbesserten Schicht 1 und des Grundmaterials 2 ist identisch mit der, die in F i g. 1 dargestellt ist. F i g. 2 zeigt deutlich die erhöhte Dichte und feinere und gleichmäßigere Verteilung der Karbide 4 und überdies den höheren Grad der Diffusion von Schicht 1 mit dem Grundmaterial 2, was auf eine optimale Bindung zwischen der Schicht 1 und dem Grundmaterial 2 hindeutet.F i g. 2 shows a cross section through an improved layer 1, which according to the invention is made with the aid of a Electron beam was melted in a vacuum. The composition of the improved layer 1 and of the base material 2 is identical to that shown in FIG. 1 is shown. F i g. 2 clearly shows the increased density and finer and more uniform distribution of the carbides 4 and, moreover, the higher degree of diffusion of Layer 1 with the base material 2, suggesting an optimal bond between the layer 1 and the Base material 2 suggests.

In dieser Weise gewährt die vorliegende Erfindung eine stärkere und besser gebundene Schicht, die sich insbesondere als Korrosionsschutzschicht für die Laufbahnen von I^gerringen oder als verschleißfeste Schicht für spanabhebende Werkzeuge eignet Das Verfahren bietet auch den Vorteil, daß verbesserte Schutzschichten gemäß der Erfindung auch auf Grundlagen aus billigem Stahl aufgetragen und folglich teuere Lager- und Werkzeugstähle durch billige ersetzt werden können.In this way, the present invention provides a stronger and better bonded layer that will especially as a corrosion protection layer for the raceways of I ^ gerringen or as a wear-resistant Layer suitable for metal-cutting tools. The method also offers the advantage of being improved Protective layers according to the invention also applied to bases made of cheap steel and consequently expensive Bearing and tool steels can be replaced by cheap ones.

Hierzu 1 Blatt Zeichnungen1 sheet of drawings

Claims (5)

Patentansprüche:Patent claims: 1. Verfahren zur Verbesserung von aufgespritzten Oberzügen auf Lager- oder Werkzeugteilcn, die relativ großen Beanspruchungen ausgesetzt: sind, wobei die aufgespritzte Schicht durch eine Wärmequelle umgeschmolzen wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die aufgespritzte Schicht in. einer Vakuumkammer mit Hilfe eines Elektronenstrahls umgeschmolzen wird, wobei die Leistung und die Intensität des Elektronenstrahls so eingestellt ist, daß nur die Schicht selbst umgeschmoken wird.1. Method of improving sprayed Coverings on bearing or tool parts that are exposed to relatively high loads: are, wherein the sprayed-on layer is remelted by a heat source, characterized in that that the sprayed-on layer in. A vacuum chamber with the help of an electron beam is remelted, the power and the intensity of the electron beam being set so that that only the layer itself is smacked over. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in der Vakuumkammer ein Druck von ungefähr 10-' Torr oder weniger eingestellt wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that that a pressure of about 10- 'Torr or less is established in the vacuum chamber. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf die f-ager- oder Werkzeugteile eine Schicht aus 50% Wolframkarbid in einer Nickel-Kobalt Matrix aufgetragen wird.3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that on the f-ager or tool parts a layer of 50% tungsten carbide in a nickel-cobalt matrix is applied. 4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf die Lager- oder Werkzeugteile oxidhaltige Legierungen als Schichtmaterialien aufgetragen werden.4. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that on the bearing or tool parts oxide-containing alloys are applied as layer materials. 5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf die Lager- oder Werkzeugteile Mischungen aus keramischen Materialien und Metallen als Schichtmaterialien aufgetragen werden.5. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that on the bearing or tool parts Mixtures of ceramic materials and metals are applied as layer materials.
DE2360547A 1972-12-12 1973-12-05 Process for the improvement of sprayed-on coatings on bearing and tool parts Ceased DE2360547B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL7216832A NL7216832A (en) 1972-12-12 1972-12-12

Publications (2)

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US (1) US4232094A (en)
JP (1) JPS5750868B2 (en)
CS (1) CS185634B2 (en)
DE (1) DE2360547B2 (en)
FR (1) FR2209854B1 (en)
GB (1) GB1451113A (en)
IT (1) IT999955B (en)
NL (1) NL7216832A (en)
SE (1) SE392129B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS5750868B2 (en) 1982-10-29
FR2209854A1 (en) 1974-07-05
CS185634B2 (en) 1978-10-31
JPS4996932A (en) 1974-09-13
IT999955B (en) 1976-03-10
US4232094A (en) 1980-11-04
FR2209854B1 (en) 1978-01-06
GB1451113A (en) 1976-09-29
DE2360547A1 (en) 1974-06-20
SE392129B (en) 1977-03-14
NL7216832A (en) 1974-06-14

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