CN111074194B - Remelting method in boiler membrane type water-cooled wall heating surface anticorrosive coating atmosphere furnace - Google Patents

Remelting method in boiler membrane type water-cooled wall heating surface anticorrosive coating atmosphere furnace Download PDF

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CN111074194B
CN111074194B CN201911403960.1A CN201911403960A CN111074194B CN 111074194 B CN111074194 B CN 111074194B CN 201911403960 A CN201911403960 A CN 201911403960A CN 111074194 B CN111074194 B CN 111074194B
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remelting
furnace
coating
tube bank
temperature
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CN111074194A (en
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王海军
王智鹏
田欣利
傅懿童
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Beijing Jinye Longcheng Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
    • C23C4/129—Flame spraying
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
    • C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of remelting of film type water-cooled wall coatings, and discloses an in-furnace remelting method of an anticorrosive coating atmosphere of a heating surface of a boiler film type water-cooled wall, wherein an automatic sand blasting machine is used for carrying out sand blasting roughening treatment on the surface of a tube bank, and flame spraying nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder is adopted to prepare a coating; a remelting system is made according to the coating material and the thickness, and heating, heat preservation and cooling curves are designed; using high-temperature alloy steel as a bent frame vehicle with rollers, hanging the tube rows on the bent frame vehicle piece by using a truss crane, finally pushing the bent frame vehicle into the furnace along a track, and closing the furnace door; starting the atmosphere furnace, introducing inert protective gas and heating; controlling the remelting temperature; after remelting the tube bank, pulling the bank frame vehicle out of the furnace; and testing the remelting effect of the surface coating of the tube bank. The invention has uniform and accurate adjustable temperature in the furnace, completely eliminates the main defect of high-frequency induction remelting, can obviously improve the preparation quality of the coating, and effectively improves the high-temperature anti-corrosion performance and service life of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.

Description

Remelting method in boiler membrane type water-cooled wall heating surface anticorrosive coating atmosphere furnace
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of remelting of film type water-cooled wall coatings, and particularly relates to a remelting method in an atmosphere furnace for an anticorrosive coating on a heating surface of a boiler film type water-cooled wall.
Background
Currently, the closest prior art:
with the accelerated implementation of the national strategy for developing new energy, the domestic waste incineration power generation industry develops rapidly in recent years. The bottleneck problem which restricts the technical development of the waste incineration power generation at present is that the phenomenon of tube explosion frequently occurs due to serious high-temperature corrosion of a boiler membrane water-cooled wall. In recent years, the international cancer research center has listed dioxin as a human primary carcinogen, and in order to prevent the generation of secondary pollution of dioxin at low temperature in the waste incineration process, the national standard of a newly designed biomass boiler has now increased the requirement of temperature resistance of a boiler tube bank to 700 ℃, and the service life of the boiler tube bank reaches more than 6 years. Although some TP347 stainless steel is directly used at present, the cost of the TP347 stainless steel is high, and the temperature resistance of the TP347 stainless steel is still lower than 750 ℃. Theoretically, if high-grade stainless steel thickened pipes are used, the requirement can be basically met, and a small number of developed countries such as the United states and the like do the same, but the price is high, the national conditions are not met, and only a small number of important thermal boilers can realize the purpose; if ordinary stainless steel such as 316L, 310S and other pipes are used, the service life at high temperature is slightly longer than that of boiler tube special steel such as 20G and the like, but is very limited. At present, stainless steel or high-temperature alloy such as alloy 625 is overlaid on the heating surface of the alloy steel boiler tube, which is also called as a membrane wall surface, so that the corrosion resistance of the alloy steel boiler tube is improved, and the service life of the tube bank is prolonged. The biggest problem of alloy 625, which is resistant to temperature of less than 500 ℃, in common stainless steel is that sensitization occurs when the temperature reaches 550 ℃, namely, as long as the temperature is exceeded, the corrosion resistance of the material is rapidly reduced, and once the use temperature exceeds 700 ℃, the actual service life of the material is only 50% of the design life, and generally is not more than three years.
In recent years, Jiangsu Kehuan company adopts a composite method of flame spraying self-melting alloy and high-frequency induction remelting to prepare a coating on the surface of a tube bank at home, has the advantages of low porosity and good bonding strength, can resist high temperature of 750 ℃, has better corrosion resistance than traditional surfacing stainless steel and alloy 625, and has good market development prospect. However, the existing high-frequency induction remelting method still has the following defects:
(1) because the heating surface of the water wall tube bank is an irregular curved surface formed by welding the tubes and the fins, when a high-frequency coil is used for heating, the distance between the coil and the coating surface is difficult to be consistent due to errors of the thickness of the coating, the width of the fins, the size of a welding line and the like, and the height difference can reach 3cm, so that the coating is heated at different depths, and as a result, the coating is melted at a position close to the coil and even generates material burning loss, and the root part of the tube and the parts far away from the fins do not start to be melted, so that the problem of non-uniformity of coating remelting is serious. Even if the coil is made into a profiling coil, the gap is different after the profiling manufacturing error and the tube bank structure error are superposed, and the effect is still not ideal.
(2) Because the tube bank is naturally cooled in the air after remelting and heating, the residual tensile stress in the coating is larger due to the higher cooling speed, and thereby roots are buried for the generation of cracks;
(3) the high temperature of the coating remelting exacerbates oxidation in the tube and on the back. In fact, oxide scale begins to be generated when the temperature exceeds 500 ℃, and when the remelting temperature exceeds 600 ℃, the high-temperature oxidation curve rapidly develops in a parabola shape, so that the oxide scale growth speed is accelerated. The thickness of the oxide skin can reach 0.1-0.2mm after remelting. The damage of the oxide skin in the tube is very large, and because the thermal expansion system of the tube substrate and the oxide skin is different, the oxide skin is easy to fall off under the circulating traction of the substrate expansion with heat and contraction with cold, and is flushed to the bent tube by high-pressure steam to be deposited, and the local temperature rise is aggravated after the oxide skin is accumulated to a certain degree, so that the risk of tube explosion is generated;
(4) the heating temperature of the high-frequency induction coil is difficult to be precisely regulated and controlled, which is undoubtedly the predicament of the non-uniformity of the heating of the coating and the growth of the oxide skin on snow and frost;
(5) for a long tube row, high-frequency induction remelting belongs to local heating, and the tube row is seriously bent and deformed due to local high temperature along with the feeding motion of the tube row in a coil, so that a special tool is required to be adopted for deformation correction.
In view of the above situation, there is a need for an atmosphere furnace remelting method for an anticorrosive coating on a heating surface of a boiler membrane water-cooled wall, which can eliminate the main drawbacks of high-frequency induction remelting, significantly improve the coating preparation quality, and effectively improve the high-temperature anticorrosive performance and service life of the boiler water-cooled wall.
In summary, the problems of the prior art are as follows:
(1) the high-grade stainless steel thickened pipe used in the prior art is expensive; the service life of the used common stainless steel at high temperature is limited; when the alloy 625 is used, the temperature reaches 550 ℃, the sensitization phenomenon occurs, the corrosion resistance of the material is rapidly reduced, and once the use temperature exceeds 700 ℃, the actual service life of the material is only 50% of the design life, generally not more than three years.
(2) The distance between the coil and the coating surface is difficult to be consistent by the high-frequency induction remelting method, so that the heating depth of the coating is different; even if the coil is made into a profiling coil, the gap is different after the profiling manufacturing error and the tube bank structure error are superposed, and the effect is still not ideal. The top of the tube close to the coil is melted first, and when the root of the tube which is melted after waiting is also melted, the coating on the top of the tube has the phenomenon of melting and flowing, thereby causing the non-uniform remelting quality of each part.
(3) Because the tube bank is naturally cooled in the air after remelting and heating, the residual tensile stress in the coating is larger and cracks are easy to generate due to the higher cooling speed.
(4) The heating temperature of the high-frequency induction coil is difficult to be precisely controlled, and the problems of non-uniformity of heating the coating and scale growth are aggravated.
(5) High-frequency induction remelting belongs to local heating, and local high temperature causes severe bending deformation of the tube bank, so that special tools are required to be adopted for deformation correction.
The difficulty of solving the technical problems is as follows:
other methods are difficult to achieve the effect, but the technical problems can be fundamentally solved by adopting the invention.
The significance of solving the technical problems is as follows:
the technology is particularly suitable for remelting the coating on the surface of the special-shaped curved surface like a membrane wall tube bank, so that the porosity of the coating is reduced, the bonding strength is improved, and the quality consistency of remelting the coating is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a remelting method in an atmosphere furnace of an anticorrosive coating on a heating surface of a membrane type water-cooled wall of a boiler, wherein a tube bank is placed in the atmosphere furnace to remelt the coating, the temperature in the furnace is uniform and accurately adjustable, so that the coating remelts uniformly, and oxide skin cannot be generated in the tube because the atmosphere furnace is filled with inert gas for protection, thereby completely eliminating the main defect of high-frequency induction remelting, remarkably improving the preparation quality of the coating, and effectively improving the high-temperature anticorrosive property and the service life of the water-cooled wall of the boiler.
The invention is realized in such a way that a remelting method in a boiler film water wall heating surface anticorrosive coating atmosphere furnace comprises the following steps:
firstly, carrying out sand blasting and coarsening treatment on the surface of the tube bank by using an automatic sand blasting machine, and spraying nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder by using flame to prepare a coating.
And step two, a remelting system is made according to the coating material and the thickness, heating, heat preservation and cooling curves are designed, and the heating temperature is strictly controlled.
And step three, the atmosphere furnace is rectangular, three sides are sealed, one side is opened, and the bottom surface is provided with a track. The high-temperature alloy steel is used as a bent frame vehicle with rollers, the tube rows are hung on the bent frame vehicle piece by using a truss, and finally the bent frame vehicle is pushed into the furnace along a track, and the furnace door is closed.
And step four, starting the atmosphere furnace, introducing inert protective gas and heating to ensure that the oxygen content in the furnace is lower than a standard value.
And fifthly, controlling the remelting temperature by controlling the current of the electric furnace to ensure that the remelting temperature is accurately controlled to +/-1 ℃.
And step six, after the remelting of the tube bank is finished, pulling the rack vehicle out of the furnace. And testing the remelting effect of the surface coating of the tube bank, and detecting the surface cracks of the coating and the integral deformation of the tube bank. The crack is detected mainly by adopting the technologies of electromagnetism, turbine flaw detection and the like, and the deformation of the tube bank can be detected by using a ruler.
Further, in the second step, the heating temperature is set to be 10-30 ℃ above the solidus line of the alloy.
And further, in the third step, every two tube rows are separated by a high-temperature sizing block at intervals of 5-8cm, and 5-10 tubes are arranged at one time.
Further, in the fourth step, the atmosphere furnace is heated to 350 ℃ for preheating for 10 minutes.
Further, in the fifth step, the total power of the atmosphere furnace is within 500KW, the heating time of the remelting furnace tube bank is 3.5 hours, the temperature is kept for 10-15 minutes, and then the furnace tube bank is naturally cooled for 3.5 hours. The consistency and the uniformity of the tube row remelting are improved, and the positive influence is that the tube row remelting quality is improved.
In summary, the advantages and positive effects of the invention are:
(1) because the temperature in the atmosphere furnace is uniform and can be accurately regulated and controlled in an oxygen-free environment, the method is particularly suitable for remelting the special-shaped curved surface coating similar to a water wall tube bank, the porosity of the coating is reduced, the bonding strength is improved, and the quality consistency of the coating remelting is ensured.
(2) Because the atmosphere furnace is filled with inert gas and isolated from air, oxide skin cannot be generated in the tube at the remelting high temperature, and the potential risk of explosion of the tube caused by the falling of the oxide skin is completely eliminated.
(3) A certain amount of carbon and nitrogen atmosphere can be added into the atmosphere furnace, and the carbon and nitrogen atmosphere are combined with elements such as chromium, silicon, boron and the like in the coating to deposit ceramic hard particles on the surface of the coating so as to improve the surface hardness, the wear resistance and the fatigue resistance of the coating.
(4) The tube bank is slowly and uniformly heated, insulated and cooled within the furnace, thereby minimizing tube bank distortion and deleterious thermal stresses.
(5) Thicker coatings can be developed. For the general remelting method, the coating with the thickness of more than 1.8mm is difficult to be melted through, the integral remelting does not have the problem, and the coating with the thickness of 5mm can be remelted at most, so that the service life of the coating can be prolonged.
In addition, compared with the economy of high-frequency induction remelting, the atmosphere furnace is filled with protective gas to consume a certain amount of protective gas from the aspect of operation investment, but the power consumption is not very different. If the speed of the high-frequency induction remelting tube array is 1.5-1.8mm/s, the remelting of a 9m long tube array needs about 1.5 hours; the remelting and heating in the atmosphere furnace take about 3.5 hours (power up), and the cooling after 10 minutes of heat preservation takes about 3.5 hours (power off). If 5 tube rows are placed in each furnace, the remelting time in the furnace is also 7 hours, which is close to 7.5 hours for high-frequency induction remelting, but the later is fully electrified. From the economical point of view, 5-10 sheets of a furnace placing tube row are recommended to be remelted. In a word, the remelting effect of the atmosphere furnace is much better, so that the remelting of the atmosphere furnace is obviously better than the high-frequency induction remelting in the aspect of cost performance.
According to the remelting method in the atmosphere furnace with the anticorrosive coating on the heating surface of the membrane type water-cooled wall of the boiler, provided by the invention, the tube bank is placed in the atmosphere furnace to remelt the coating, and the temperature in the furnace is uniform and accurately adjustable, so that the coating is remelted uniformly, and oxide skin cannot be generated in the tube because the atmosphere furnace is filled with inert gas for protection, so that the main defect of high-frequency induction remelting is completely overcome, the preparation quality of the coating can be obviously improved, and the high-temperature anticorrosive performance and the service life of the water-cooled wall of the boiler are effectively improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a remelting method in a boiler in an atmosphere with an anticorrosive coating on a heating surface of a membrane water wall of a boiler provided by an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a remelting method in a boiler membrane water wall heating surface anticorrosive coating atmosphere furnace, and the remelting method is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the remelting method in the furnace with the anticorrosive coating atmosphere on the heating surface of the membrane water wall of the boiler provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101: and carrying out sand blasting and coarsening treatment on the surface of the tube bank by using an automatic sand blasting machine, and spraying nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder by using flame to prepare a coating.
S102: and (3) a remelting system is established according to the coating material and thickness, heating, heat preservation and cooling curves are designed, and the heating temperature is strictly controlled.
S103: the atmosphere furnace is rectangular, three sides are closed, one side is opened, and the bottom surface is provided with a track. The high-temperature alloy steel is used as a bent frame vehicle with rollers, the tube rows are hung on the bent frame vehicle piece by using a truss, and finally the bent frame vehicle is pushed into the furnace along a track, and the furnace door is closed.
S104: and starting the atmosphere furnace, introducing inert protective gas and heating to ensure that the oxygen content in the furnace is lower than a standard value.
S105: controlling the remelting temperature by controlling the current of the electric furnace to ensure that the remelting temperature is accurately controlled to +/-1 ℃.
S106: and after the remelting of the tube bank is finished, pulling the bank frame vehicle out of the furnace. And testing the remelting effect of the surface coating of the tube bank, and detecting the surface cracks of the coating and the integral deformation of the tube bank.
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples.
Example (b): the remelting method in the atmosphere furnace of the anticorrosive coating of the heating surface of the membrane type water-cooled wall of the boiler comprises the following steps:
1. and carrying out sand blasting and coarsening treatment on the surface of the tube bank by using an automatic sand blasting machine.
2. The coating is prepared by spraying nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder by flame.
3. A remelting system is established according to the coating material and thickness, and reasonable heating, heat preservation and cooling curves are designed, wherein the most important is that the heating temperature is strictly controlled, the heating temperature is generally determined to be 10-30 ℃ above the solidus of the alloy, and if the solidus point of the nickel-based self-fluxing alloy is 1035 ℃, the liquidus point is 1280 ℃, the furnace temperature is determined to be 1045-1065 ℃.
4. The atmosphere furnace is rectangular, other surfaces are sealed, one surface is opened, and the bottom surface is provided with a track. The high-temperature alloy steel is used as a bent frame vehicle with rollers, the tube rows are hung on the bent frame vehicle piece by using a truss, every two tube rows are separated by using a high-temperature sizing block at intervals of 5-8cm, 5-10 pieces are loaded at a time, and finally the bent frame vehicle is pushed into a furnace along a track, and a furnace door is closed.
5. And starting the atmosphere furnace, and introducing inert protective gas to ensure that the oxygen content in the furnace is lower than a standard value. Heating to 300 ℃ and 350 ℃ for 10 minutes.
6. The total power of the atmosphere furnace is within 500KW, the remelting temperature is controlled by controlling the current of the electric furnace, and the remelting temperature is accurately controlled to +/-1 ℃. Generally, the heating time of a remelting furnace tube bank is about 3.5 hours, and then the remelting furnace tube bank is naturally cooled after the remelting furnace tube bank is insulated for 10 to 15 minutes, and about 3.5 hours is also needed.
7. And after the remelting of the tube bank is finished, pulling the bank frame vehicle out of the furnace. And testing the remelting effect of the surface coating of the tube bank, and detecting the surface cracks of the coating and the integral deformation of the tube bank.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. A remelting method in an atmosphere furnace for an anticorrosive coating of a heating surface of a boiler membrane water wall tube bank is characterized by comprising the following steps:
carrying out sand blasting and coarsening treatment on the surface of the tube bank by using an automatic sand blasting machine, and spraying nickel-based self-fluxing alloy powder by using flame to prepare a coating;
secondly, a remelting system is made according to the coating material and the thickness, heating, heat preservation and cooling curves are designed, and the heating temperature is strictly controlled;
step three, the atmosphere furnace is rectangular, three sides are sealed, one side is opened, and the bottom surface is provided with a track; using high-temperature alloy steel as a bent frame vehicle with rollers, hanging the tube rows on the bent frame vehicle piece by using a truss crane, finally pushing the bent frame vehicle into the furnace along a track, and closing the furnace door;
starting the atmosphere furnace, introducing inert protective gas and heating to ensure that the oxygen content in the furnace is lower than a standard value;
fifthly, controlling the remelting temperature by controlling the current of the electric furnace to ensure that the remelting temperature is accurately controlled to +/-1 ℃;
after the remelting of the tube bank is finished, pulling the rack vehicle out of the furnace; testing the remelting effect of the surface coating of the tube bank, and detecting the surface cracks of the coating and the integral deformation of the tube bank;
in the second step, the heating temperature is set to be 10-30 ℃ above the solidus line of the alloy.
2. The method for remelting a boiler membrane water wall tube bank in an atmosphere containing an anti-corrosive coating on a heated surface according to claim 1, wherein in step three, every two tube banks are separated by a high temperature sizing block at a distance of 5-8cm and are packed with 5-10 sheets at a time.
3. The method for remelting an anticorrosion coating on a heated surface of a tube bank of a membrane water wall of a boiler in an atmosphere furnace as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step four, the atmosphere furnace is heated to 300-350 ℃ for preheating for 10 minutes.
4. The method for remelting the corrosion-resistant coating on the heated surface of a boiler membrane water-cooled wall tube bank in an atmosphere furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the fifth step, the total power of the atmosphere furnace is within 500KW, the heating time of the remelting furnace tube bank is 3.5 hours, the temperature is kept for 10-15 minutes, and then the remelting furnace tube bank is naturally cooled for 3.5 hours.
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