EP0105866B1 - Plasmaschmelzofen - Google Patents
Plasmaschmelzofen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0105866B1 EP0105866B1 EP83890167A EP83890167A EP0105866B1 EP 0105866 B1 EP0105866 B1 EP 0105866B1 EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 83890167 A EP83890167 A EP 83890167A EP 0105866 B1 EP0105866 B1 EP 0105866B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- furnace
- plasma
- melting furnace
- plasma melting
- cover
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B7/00—Heating by electric discharge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B3/00—Hearth-type furnaces, e.g. of reverberatory type; Tank furnaces
- F27B3/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to hearth-type furnaces
- F27B3/18—Arrangements of devices for charging
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
- F27D3/0025—Charging or loading melting furnaces with material in the solid state
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D1/00—Casings; Linings; Walls; Roofs
- F27D2001/0046—Means to facilitate repair or replacement or prevent quick wearing
- F27D2001/0056—Aspects of construction intended to prevent wear
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0006—Electric heating elements or system
- F27D2099/0031—Plasma-torch heating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D99/00—Subject matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
- F27D99/0001—Heating elements or systems
- F27D99/0033—Heating elements or systems using burners
- F27D2099/004—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically
- F27D2099/0041—Heating elements or systems using burners directed upon the charge, e.g. vertically with a small angle, e.g. almost tangentially
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
- Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
- Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting
Definitions
- the invention relates to a plasma melting furnace with a refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body, through the side wall of which a plurality of downward-directed plasma torches are guided, the mouths of which protrude beyond the inner surface of the furnace body into the furnace interior, and with a refractory-lined cover that closes the furnace interior.
- Plasma melting furnaces of this type are mainly used for melting scrap.
- the plasma melting furnaces of conventional design are only charged with the solid insert to be melted down to such an extent that the furnace interior located above the orifices of the plasma torch remains free of feed material, otherwise electrical flashovers between parts of the insert and the burner orifice can take place, which can lead to failure or even to Destruction of the plasma torch.
- the available furnace filling volume can therefore only be used to a maximum of 30%, up to a maximum of 50%, so that when the plasma melting furnace is loaded with scrap with a low bulk density, one or more charges have to be made in order to use the furnace capacity as economically as possible.
- the subsequent charging after melting down the partial quantities of scrap that have already been introduced into the furnace has serious disadvantages. So the furnace lid has to be lifted again and again and the plasma torches have to be withdrawn from the furnace interior. In addition, it is particularly difficult and associated with considerable losses of inert gas to avoid the entry of false air into the melt during the charging process.
- the invention has for its object to overcome the difficulties outlined and to create a plasma melting furnace, which needs to be charged only once, even in applications with low bulk densities, utilizing the full furnace capacity, without the plasma torch due to the occurrence of electrical short circuits or falling parts of the Endanger feedstock.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in a plasma melting furnace of the type described in the introduction in that the cover has a shoulder-shaped, protruding part which delimits a central charging opening and can be closed by a lid, the diameter of the central charging opening being less than the diameter of the circle on which the mouths of the plasma torches lie.
- the cover is designed to be liftable and pivotable in a known manner.
- a pouring cone is formed in a plasma melting furnace according to the invention, the diameter of which can be kept smaller at the level of a horizontal plane through the mouths of the plasma torches than the diameter of the circle on the circumference of which the mouths of the plasma torches are arranged.
- the protruding part forms a charging shaft with a selectable length.
- the tip of the pouring cone formed from the cargo can extend into this charging shaft without endangering the plasma torch orifices inside the furnace. This ensures optimal utilization of the furnace filling volume with a single charging process.
- a discharge opening for exhaust gases is expediently arranged on the side of the projecting part. This discharge opening is located in the area of the upper end of the projecting part.
- the inventive design of the plasma melting furnace even enables the furnace to be charged continuously, the inert gas atmosphere in the interior of the furnace nevertheless being maintained.
- the discharge opening in the cover is closed, so that the hot furnace gases flow against the feed material charged through the central opening of the cover.
- the contaminants brought in by the scrap are largely burned off and, on the other hand, the feed material is preheated.
- the cleaned and preheated feed material ensures the best possible use of the energy emitted by the plasma torches.
- the burners can be pulled out of the furnace interior in a known manner to such an extent that the burner orifices come to lie in the region of the furnace lining.
- the plasma torches can preferably be swiveled horizontally and vertically, it having proven to be advantageous if each plasma torch is horizontally and vertically around one Angle of ⁇ 10 °, based on the normal position, can be adjusted. Compared to heavy scrap, less energy is required to melt light scrap for the same bulk volume due to the lower bulk density. It is therefore more economical to distribute the energy emitted by the plasma torches over a larger volume range using swivel movements.
- FIG. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of a plasma melting furnace according to the invention with a cylindrical furnace body and four downward, pivotable plasma torches.
- FIG. 2 shows a top view of a plasma melting furnace according to FIG. 1 without a cover and furnace cover.
- the refractory-lined cylindrical furnace body of the plasma melting furnace shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 is designated 1, the furnace lower part, in which the molten material 2 collects, with 3.
- the lower furnace part 3 is penetrated by an axially arranged bottom electrode 4.
- a slag door and a pouring channel are arranged diametrically opposite one another in the region of the lower part 3 in the usual way.
- the cover placed on the furnace body 1 is generally designated 6.
- the shoulder-shaped projecting part 7 of the cover delimits a central charging opening, which is circular in the embodiment shown, the axis of which is identical to the longitudinal axis 8 of the furnace body 1.
- the diameter D of the central charging opening is smaller than the diameter D 2 of the circle on which the orifices of the plasma torch 5 lie.
- the exhaust opening 9 for exhaust gases is arranged laterally on the upstanding part 7 of the cover 6 forming a charging shaft.
- the charging opening is closed with a lid 10.
- the plasma torches 5 are gimbally suspended, the suspension device not being shown. In their normal position they are inclined at an angle of approximately 29 ° to the surface of the melt and can be pivoted vertically in each case by an angle a of preferably 10 °.
- the projections of the burner axes are shown in dash-dot lines in FIG. 2.
- the plasma torches 5 can also be pivoted laterally about the pivot point M by an angle ⁇ .
- the radiation fields of the individual torches can be expanded to the volume elements 11 schematically indicated in FIG. 2.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT0367382A AT382890B (de) | 1982-10-05 | 1982-10-05 | Plasmaschmelzofen |
AT3673/82 | 1982-10-05 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0105866A1 EP0105866A1 (de) | 1984-04-18 |
EP0105866B1 true EP0105866B1 (de) | 1986-08-27 |
Family
ID=3553789
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP83890167A Expired EP0105866B1 (de) | 1982-10-05 | 1983-09-22 | Plasmaschmelzofen |
Country Status (9)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4546483A (es) |
EP (1) | EP0105866B1 (es) |
JP (1) | JPS59157478A (es) |
AT (1) | AT382890B (es) |
CA (1) | CA1211777A (es) |
DE (1) | DE3365683D1 (es) |
ES (1) | ES526233A0 (es) |
FI (1) | FI833587A (es) |
ZA (1) | ZA837192B (es) |
Families Citing this family (9)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
SE451756B (sv) * | 1984-10-19 | 1987-10-26 | Skf Steel Eng Ab | Plasmageneratorinstallation i schaktugn |
FR2610087B1 (fr) * | 1987-01-22 | 1989-11-24 | Aerospatiale | Procede et dispositif pour la destruction de dechets solides par pyrolyse |
FR2630529B1 (fr) * | 1988-04-22 | 1990-08-10 | Aerospatiale | Procede et dispositif pour la destruction de dechets chimiquement stables |
CA2048654A1 (en) * | 1990-01-04 | 1991-07-05 | Kazushige Inokuchi | Transferred plasma-arc torch |
US5548611A (en) * | 1993-05-19 | 1996-08-20 | Schuller International, Inc. | Method for the melting, combustion or incineration of materials and apparatus therefor |
CA2188357C (en) * | 1996-10-21 | 1999-09-07 | Peter G. Tsantrizos | plasma gasification and vitrification of ashes |
FR2762535B1 (fr) * | 1997-04-23 | 1999-05-28 | Lorraine Laminage | Repartiteur de coulee continue des metaux, du type comportant au moins une torche a plasma pour le rechauffage du metal |
CN100464511C (zh) * | 2004-01-05 | 2009-02-25 | 联想(北京)有限公司 | 一种以太网通信系统及方法 |
DE102006029724B4 (de) * | 2006-06-28 | 2008-12-04 | Siemens Ag | Verfahren und Ofen zum Schmelzen von Stahlschrott |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR494635A (fr) * | 1913-11-15 | 1919-09-13 | Elektrometall Ab | Four électrique |
US1421185A (en) * | 1919-12-05 | 1922-06-27 | Roy A Driscoll | Electric furnace |
US1642359A (en) * | 1925-08-27 | 1927-09-13 | Croesf Dirk | Electric furnace |
US2686824A (en) * | 1951-03-06 | 1954-08-17 | Rem Cru Titanium Inc | Electric furnace |
US3422206A (en) * | 1965-04-07 | 1969-01-14 | Union Carbide Corp | Method and apparatus for melting metal in an electric furnace |
US3536343A (en) * | 1969-02-14 | 1970-10-27 | R L Clark Corp The | Scrap preheat hood |
US3756582A (en) * | 1971-10-01 | 1973-09-04 | Hawley Manufacturing Corp | Exhaust and charging hood for tilting furnace |
DD109789A1 (es) * | 1974-02-05 | 1974-11-12 | ||
US4018973A (en) * | 1974-08-20 | 1977-04-19 | Paton Boris E | Furnace construction for plasma arc remelting of metal |
GB1525394A (en) * | 1974-10-02 | 1978-09-20 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Heat treating apparatus and method |
CA1055553A (en) * | 1975-04-16 | 1979-05-29 | Tibur Metals Ltd. | Extended arc furnace and process for melting particulate charge therein |
FR2373023A1 (fr) * | 1976-12-06 | 1978-06-30 | Tibur Metals Ltd | Four et procede de traitement thermique de matieres particulaires a l'aide d'un arc etendu |
DD142491A3 (de) * | 1977-06-29 | 1980-07-02 | Konrad Primke | Plasmaschmelzofen |
AT371589B (de) * | 1981-07-15 | 1983-07-11 | Voest Alpine Ag | Plasmaschmelzofen |
-
1982
- 1982-10-05 AT AT0367382A patent/AT382890B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-09-22 EP EP83890167A patent/EP0105866B1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-09-22 DE DE8383890167T patent/DE3365683D1/de not_active Expired
- 1983-09-27 ZA ZA837192A patent/ZA837192B/xx unknown
- 1983-09-27 US US06/536,243 patent/US4546483A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1983-09-30 CA CA000438082A patent/CA1211777A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-10-03 FI FI833587A patent/FI833587A/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1983-10-04 ES ES526233A patent/ES526233A0/es active Granted
- 1983-10-05 JP JP58187675A patent/JPS59157478A/ja active Granted
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ZA837192B (en) | 1984-11-28 |
FI833587A0 (fi) | 1983-10-03 |
JPS6255069B2 (es) | 1987-11-18 |
ES8407519A1 (es) | 1984-09-16 |
AT382890B (de) | 1987-04-27 |
ES526233A0 (es) | 1984-09-16 |
FI833587A (fi) | 1984-04-06 |
US4546483A (en) | 1985-10-08 |
DE3365683D1 (en) | 1986-10-02 |
EP0105866A1 (de) | 1984-04-18 |
ATA367382A (de) | 1986-09-15 |
JPS59157478A (ja) | 1984-09-06 |
CA1211777A (en) | 1986-09-23 |
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