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Publication number
EP0104983A1
EP0104983A1 EP83401761A EP83401761A EP0104983A1 EP 0104983 A1 EP0104983 A1 EP 0104983A1 EP 83401761 A EP83401761 A EP 83401761A EP 83401761 A EP83401761 A EP 83401761A EP 0104983 A1 EP0104983 A1 EP 0104983A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cable
nacelle
allowing
hooked
distance
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP83401761A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0104983B1 (en
Inventor
Xavier Peyre
Jean-Pierre Manesse
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
PLASTIBENNE SOCIETE A RESPONSABILITE LIMITEE DITE
Alstom SA
Original Assignee
Plastibenne A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste
Alstom SA
Alsthom Atlantique SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Plastibenne A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste, Alstom SA, Alsthom Atlantique SA filed Critical Plastibenne A Responsabilite Dite Ltee Ste
Publication of EP0104983A1 publication Critical patent/EP0104983A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0104983B1 publication Critical patent/EP0104983B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C13/00—Other constructional features or details
    • B66C13/02—Devices for facilitating retrieval of floating objects, e.g. for recovering crafts from water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/16—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of lifts or hoists
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/30—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for transfer at sea between ships or between ships and off-shore structures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S254/00—Implements or apparatus for applying pushing or pulling force
    • Y10S254/90—Cable pulling drum having wave motion responsive actuator for operating drive or rotation retarding means

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a nacelle which in a first application allows the transfer of a load and in particular of personnel between a fixed or mobile structure and a structure subjected to pounding movements and which in a second application can be used as a bell stable suspension diving.
  • the invention applies in particular in the petroleum industry for transferring personnel from an offshore platform to a boat and vice versa.
  • a ratchet system allows the rotation in one direction of either of the winches to be controlled on command.
  • the pawl of a winch is not in the blocking position it allows the rotation of the corresponding winch in both directions which allows it to wind and unwind at the rate of the swell.
  • Belgian patent n ° 864 814 describes a device for stably hanging a load under a boat, however in this device said boat necessarily includes special arrangements which obligatorily link it to said load which does not allow the load, for example a diving bell, to be suspended from any boat.
  • the present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and relates to a nacelle characterized in that it comprises at least one cable, the upper end of which exits above the nacelle and the lower end of which exits below the nacelle, means allowing the nacelle to go up or down along the cable when the upper end of the cable is hooked to a hooking member, means making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a tension greater than the weight of the nacelle when the lower part of the cable is fixed to an anchoring point, said tensioning means allowing a variation of the distance between said hooking member of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle and means allowing, on command, to act on said tensioning means so that the distance between the hooking member of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle can no longer be shortened without prohibiting its extension is lying.
  • said means making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a tension greater than the weight of the cabin and allowing a variation in the distance between the hooking member and the nacelle and the means making it possible, on command, to ensure that that this distance can no longer be shortened comprises a hydraulic cylinder comprising at each end a pulley on which is hauled said cable, the jack being connected to a pressurized gas accumulator comprising a free piston via a pipe comprising a valve making it possible to open or close said pipe, this pipe being provided with a parallel pipe comprising a non-return valve in the accumulator direction towards the cylinder.
  • the invention applies in particular to the transfer of charge between a fixed or mobile structure and a structure subjected to pounding movements, characterized in that the lower end of the cable is hooked by means of a release hook rigid at the landing place provided on the structure subjected to pounding movements, the upper end of the cable being hooked to the hook of a crane located on the fixed or mobile structure.
  • the invention also applies as a diving bell with stable suspension, the lower part of the cable being attached to the bottom of the sea and the upper part of the cable being attached to an assembly which pounds.
  • FIG. 1 there is a platform 1 and a boat 2 which provides personnel transport from the coast to the platform.
  • the transfer from the boat 2 to the platform 1 or vice versa is carried out by means of a nacelle 3 which is suspended from the hook 4 of a crane 5 located on the platform.
  • the principle of the invention consists in raising or lowering, according to the direction of transfer, the nacelle along a cable 6 by means of a motor located in the nacelle, the upper end of the cable being attached to the hook 4 of the crane 5 and the lower end 7 of the cable being attached by means of a quick-release hook 8 to the deck of the boat 2, the nacelle 3 comprising means, described below with reference to FIG. 3 , allowing, when the hook 8 is hooked to the deck of the boat to ensure that the nacelle follows the movements of the swell, and allowing by unhooking the hook 8 when the cable is relaxed between the nacelle and the deck of the boat to separate the boat movement nacelle.
  • Such a principle can be illustrated by means of a cabin gripped by a cable which passes through it, the cabin comprising means of hoisting along the cable, the lower end of the cable being hooked to the deck of a boat by means of 'quick release hooking, and the upper end of the cable passing on a pulley, suspended from the crane hook, and comprising a heavier counterweight than the cabin, means being provided to block the descent of the counterweight a few moments before to unhook the boat deck cable during any phase of the boat on the swell.
  • FIG. 3 shows a particular preferential mechanism making it possible to obtain the same result but in which the counterweight is replaced by a more realistic hydropneumatic system.
  • the cable 6 is muffled around a hydraulic cylinder 9, provided at each of its ends with a pulley 23, 24, connected to a compressed gas accumulator 10, and passes through a winch 11 with an endless cable.
  • this winch cannot move under the sole action of the cable which itself cannot slide relative to the winch.
  • this winch is obviously located between the lower end 7 of the cable 6 and the jack 9.
  • the hydraulic circuit includes a quarter-turn valve 12 and in series a flow control valve 13. In parallel on these two members is placed a non-return valve 14 preventing the passage of oil in the accumulator direction towards the cylinder and in parallel on the flow valve 12 is placed a safety valve 15.
  • the accumulator 10 comprises a free piston 16 separating the pressurized gas contained in the accumulator above the piston 16, oil filling the cylinder and the hydraulic circuit described above.
  • Figure 2 shows in cutaway perspective a nacelle containing all the organs of the device shown in Figure 3. This device is located in the central part of the nacelle inside a cylinder 17 enclosing the entire mechanism.
  • the nacelle 3 rests on the deck of the boat, the lower part of the cable 6, under the nacelle, is attached, by means of the quick-release hook 8, to the deck of the boat and it is stretched.
  • This hook can be self-releasing due to lack of tension and can be hung on the cable 6 by a damping device.
  • the boat is placed appreciably under the hook of the crane.
  • the crew hooks on the hook 4 of the crane 5 the upper end of the cable 6 exiting from above the nacelle.
  • the valve 12 is open, that is to say at 90 ° from the position shown in FIG. 3.
  • the rod 20 of the jack 9 is extended and the piston 16 of the accumulator 10 is in the low position.
  • the crane operator then lifts the hook 4 of his crane so as to energize the cable 6.
  • the nacelle then climbs along the cable 6 adding its ascent movement to the pounding movement of the boat, the rod 20 of the jack re-entering and exiting at the rate waves: it enters under the action of the traction of the portion of cable located under the nacelle and hung on the deck of the boat in the periods of trough of wave and it leaves under the action of the pressure of the gas of the accumulator 10 during rise periods.
  • the valve 12 is closed at any time, which can be easily executed automatically, for example by a cam.
  • slack is created in the portion of cable 6 located between the deck of the boat and the nacelle, since the rod 20 of the jack can no longer come out under the action of the pressure of the accumulator 20 since the pipe 21 comprises a non-return valve 14 and that the pipe 22 is closed by the valve 12.
  • the crew then detaches the hook 8 and the crane operator then takes the cabin to the platform 1.
  • the flow control valve 13 allows, by limiting the oil flow to attenuate the ascent rate of the nacelle 3 at the time of opening of the valve 12, this flow control valve 13 is bypassed by a safety valve 15.
  • the winch 11 can be driven by a thermal, electric or other system. Power can be supplied by cable from the boat. This cable is hooked and unhooked at the same time as the cable 6 by the hook 8. The current can also be supplied by an accumulator placed in the luggage compartment.
  • the winch can be, for example, that sold under the name LIFTO by the company LAHO and the hook 8 is, for example, a hook with rapid release at a distance, of the national marine type.
  • the system according to the invention brings many advantages: smooth arrival and departure of the nacelle of the boat, the nacelle then passes, also smoothly, from its attachment to a first mobile structure, to a second fixed or also mobile structure; the crew, the crane operator and the passengers only have to carry out ordinary maneuvers which they already know perfectly.
  • the device can be used from any structure equipped with a sufficient crane and on any side of the structure. Obviously the stroke of the cylinders is calculated so as to be greater than the sum of the maximum envisaged stroke of the two structures.
  • the nacelle according to the invention can also be used as a diving pole ensuring a stable suspension as shown in FIG. 4: the end 7 of the cable 6 is fixed to the bottom of the sea to a body dead 30 and the hook 4 is linked to a pounding assembly such as a ship 31.
  • the nacelle can be raised in a well 32 of the boat.
  • the lower end 7 of the cable 6 can be detached from the dead body 30.

Abstract

Nacelle (3) caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un câble (6) dont l'extrémité supérieure sort au-dessus de la nacelle et dont l'extrémité inférieure sort au-dessous de la nacelle, des moyens (11) permettant à la nacelle de monter ou de descendre le long du cAble lorsque l'extrémité supérieure du câble est accroché à un organe d'accrochage (4), des moyens (9, 10) permettant de soumettre la partie supérieure du câble à une tension supérieure au poids de la nacelle lorsque la partie inférieure (7) du câble est fixée à un point d'ancrage, lesdits moyens de tensionnement permettant une variation de la distance entre ledit organe d'accrochage de l'extrémité supérieure du câble et la nacelle (3) et des moyens (12, 14) permettant, sur commande, d'agir sur lesdits moyens de tensionnement de façon à ce que la distance entre l'organe d'accrochage (4) de l'extrémité supérieure du câble et la nacelle (3) ne puisse plus se raccourcir sans interdire son allongement.

Figure imgaf001
Nacelle (3) characterized in that it comprises at least one cable (6), the upper end of which exits above the nacelle and the lower end of which exits below the nacelle, means (11) allowing the nacelle to go up or down along the cable when the upper end of the cable is hooked to a hooking member (4), means (9, 10) making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a higher tension to the weight of the nacelle when the lower part (7) of the cable is fixed to an anchoring point, said tensioning means allowing a variation of the distance between said hooking member of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle ( 3) and means (12, 14) allowing, on command, to act on said tensioning means so that the distance between the hooking member (4) of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle (3) can no longer be shortened without prohibiting its lengthening.
Figure imgaf001

Description

La présente invention concerne une nacelle qui dans une première application permet le transfert d'une charge et en particulier de personnel entre une structure fixe ou mobile et une structure soumise à des mouvements de pilonnement et qui dans une seconde application peut être utilisée comme cloche de plongée en suspension stable.The present invention relates to a nacelle which in a first application allows the transfer of a load and in particular of personnel between a fixed or mobile structure and a structure subjected to pounding movements and which in a second application can be used as a bell stable suspension diving.

L'invention s'applique en particulier dans l'industrie pétrolière pour transférer du personnel d'une plate-forme en mer à un bateau et vice versa.The invention applies in particular in the petroleum industry for transferring personnel from an offshore platform to a boat and vice versa.

Le problème se pose parce que ces plates-formes se trouvent parfois en haute mer et que l'opération de transfert du personnel est périlleuse à cause de la houle.The problem arises because these platforms are sometimes on the high seas and the personnel transfer operation is dangerous because of the swell.

Dans la demande de brevet français 2493 290 il a été décrit un dispositif pour le transport de personnes à l'aide d'une grue entre un premier support sur lequel est disposée la grue et un second support situé à un niveau inférieur au premier support et animé d'un mouvement relatif par rapport au premier support. Ce dispositif comporte une nacelle comprenant deux treuils séparés permettant l'un de dérouler un câble vers le haut et l'autre de dérouler un câble vers le bas.In French patent application 2493 290, a device has been described for transporting people using a crane between a first support on which the crane is disposed and a second support located at a level below the first support and animated by a relative movement with respect to the first support. This device comprises a nacelle comprising two separate winches allowing one to unwind a cable upwards and the other to unwind a cable downwards.

Ces deux treuils sont entraînés par un même moteur à couple constant par l'intermédiaire d'un réducteur planétaire différentiel. Un système de cliquet permet de bloquer sur commande la rotation dans un sens de l'un ou de l'autre des treuils. Lorsque le cliquet d'un treuil n'est pas en position de blocage il permet la rotation du treuil correspondant dans les deux sens ce qui lui permet de s'enrouler et de se dérouler au rythme de la houle.These two winches are driven by the same constant torque motor via a differential planetary gearbox. A ratchet system allows the rotation in one direction of either of the winches to be controlled on command. When the pawl of a winch is not in the blocking position it allows the rotation of the corresponding winch in both directions which allows it to wind and unwind at the rate of the swell.

Lorsque la charge est suspendue dans le vide les cliquets du treuil supérieur supportent cette charge (la nacelle).When the load is suspended in a vacuum, the pawls of the upper winch support this load (the basket).

Ce système bien que satisfaisant présente quelques inconvénients. Il est un peu compliqué dans sa commande et demande de la part du grutier des manoeuvres qui ne lui sont pas habituelles. Il comporte un câble d'alimentation qui est relié à la grue ce qui rend la nacelle solidaire de la grue. Le système de cliquet exige des dispositifs de sécurité. Enfin, si lors de l'enlèvement de la charge du bateau, l'opération se fait automatiquement sans choc, grâce au dispositif de compensation de pilonnement, cela n'est pas le cas lors de la descente de la charge sur le pont du bateau où la douceur de l'appontage dépend de l'habileté du grutier compte tenu de la houle. En effet, le système à la descente ne compense pas le pilonnement mais assure seulement le guidage latéral de la nacelle, ce qui est d'ailleurs déjà beaucoup.This system, although satisfactory, has some drawbacks. It is a bit complicated in its order and requests from the crane operator maneuvers which are not usual for him. It has a cable which is connected to the crane which makes the nacelle integral with the crane. The ratchet system requires safety devices. Finally, if during the removal of the load from the boat, the operation is done automatically without shock, thanks to the heave compensation device, this is not the case when lowering the load on the deck of the boat where the softness of the landing depends on the skill of the crane operator taking into account the swell. Indeed, the descent system does not compensate for the heaving but only provides lateral guidance of the nacelle, which is already a lot.

Le brevet belge n° 864 814 décrit un dispositif pour suspendre de façon stable sous un bateau une charge, cependant dans ce dispositif ledit bateau comporte nécessairement des aménagements spéciaux qui le lie obligatoirement à ladite charge ce qui ne permet pas à la charge, par exemple une cloche de plongée, d'être suspendue à n'importe quel bateau.Belgian patent n ° 864 814 describes a device for stably hanging a load under a boat, however in this device said boat necessarily includes special arrangements which obligatorily link it to said load which does not allow the load, for example a diving bell, to be suspended from any boat.

La présente invention a pour but de pallier ces inconvénients et à pour objet une nacelle caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un câble dont l'extrémité supérieure sort au-dessus de la nacelle et dont l'extrémité inférieure sort au-dessous de la nacelle, des moyens permettant à la nacelle de monter ou de descendre le long du câble lorsque l'extrémité supérieure du câble est accroché à un organe d'accrochage, des moyens permettant de soumettre la partie supérieure du câble à une tension supérieure au poids de la nacelle lorsque la partie inférieure du câble est fixée à un point d'ancrage, lesdits moyens de tensionnement permettant une variation de la distance entre ledit organe d'accrochage de l'extrémité supérieu- du câble et la nacelle et des moyens permettant, sur commande, d'agir sur lesdits moyens de tensionnement de façon à ce que la distance entre l'organe d'accrochage de l'extrémité supérieure du câble et la nacelle ne puisse plus se raccourcir sans interdire son allongement.The present invention aims to overcome these drawbacks and relates to a nacelle characterized in that it comprises at least one cable, the upper end of which exits above the nacelle and the lower end of which exits below the nacelle, means allowing the nacelle to go up or down along the cable when the upper end of the cable is hooked to a hooking member, means making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a tension greater than the weight of the nacelle when the lower part of the cable is fixed to an anchoring point, said tensioning means allowing a variation of the distance between said hooking member of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle and means allowing, on command, to act on said tensioning means so that the distance between the hooking member of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle can no longer be shortened without prohibiting its extension is lying.

Avantageusement, lesdits moyens permettant de soumettre la partie supérieure du câble à une tension supérieure au poids de la cabine et permettant une variation de la distance entre l'organe d'accrochage et la nacelle et les moyens permettant, sur commande, de faire en sorte que cette distance ne puisse plus se raccourcir comporte un vérin hydraulique comportant à chaque extrémité une poulie sur lesquelles est mouflé ledit câble, le vérin étant relié à un accumulateur de gaz sous pression comportant un piston libre par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite comportant une vanne permettant d'ouvrir ou de fermer ladite conduite, cette conduite étant munie d'une conduite en parallèle comportant un clapet anti-retour dans le sens accumulateur vers le vérin.Advantageously, said means making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a tension greater than the weight of the cabin and allowing a variation in the distance between the hooking member and the nacelle and the means making it possible, on command, to ensure that that this distance can no longer be shortened comprises a hydraulic cylinder comprising at each end a pulley on which is hauled said cable, the jack being connected to a pressurized gas accumulator comprising a free piston via a pipe comprising a valve making it possible to open or close said pipe, this pipe being provided with a parallel pipe comprising a non-return valve in the accumulator direction towards the cylinder.

L'invention s'applique en particulier au transfert de charge entre une structure fixe ou mobile et une structure soumise à des mouvements de pilonnements, caractérisé en ce que l'extrémité inférieure du câble est accrochée par l'intermédiaire d'un croc à largage rigide à l'endroit d'appontage prévu sur la structure soumise à mouvements de pilonnement, l'extrémité supérieure du câble étant accroché au croc d'une grue située sur la structure fixe ou mobile.The invention applies in particular to the transfer of charge between a fixed or mobile structure and a structure subjected to pounding movements, characterized in that the lower end of the cable is hooked by means of a release hook rigid at the landing place provided on the structure subjected to pounding movements, the upper end of the cable being hooked to the hook of a crane located on the fixed or mobile structure.

L'invention s'applique aussi comme cloche de plongée à suspension stable, la partie inférieure du câble étant accrochée au fond de la mer et la partie supérieure du câble étant accrochée à un ensemble qui pilonne.The invention also applies as a diving bell with stable suspension, the lower part of the cable being attached to the bottom of the sea and the upper part of the cable being attached to an assembly which pounds.

D'autres avantages et caractéristiques de l'invention ressortiront de la description d'un exemple de réalisation préférentielle de l'invention faite ci-après en regard du dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • La figure 1 est une vue générale montrant un transfert de charge d'un bateau vers une plate-forme ou vice versa. La charge étant constituée dans l'exemple décrit par du personnel.
  • La figure 2 montre en perspective arrachée une nacelle de transfert selon l'invention.
  • La figure 3 montre l'ensemble du mécanisme situé dans la nacelle.
  • La figure 4 représente une application de la nacelle de l'invention à une cloche sous-marine à suspension stable.
Other advantages and characteristics of the invention will emerge from the description of a preferred embodiment of the invention given below with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • Figure 1 is a general view showing a load transfer from a boat to a platform or vice versa. The load being constituted in the example described by personnel.
  • Figure 2 shows in perspective cutaway a transfer pod according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 shows the entire mechanism located in the nacelle.
  • FIG. 4 represents an application of the nacelle of the invention to an underwater bell with stable suspension.

En se reportant à la figure 1, on voit une plate-forme 1 et un bateau 2 qui assure le transport de personnel de la côte à la plate-forme. Le transfert du bateau 2 vers la plate-forme 1 ou vice versa est réalisé au moyen d'une nacelle 3 que l'on suspend au crochet 4 d'une grue 5 située sur la plate-forme.Referring to Figure 1, there is a platform 1 and a boat 2 which provides personnel transport from the coast to the platform. The transfer from the boat 2 to the platform 1 or vice versa is carried out by means of a nacelle 3 which is suspended from the hook 4 of a crane 5 located on the platform.

Le principe de l'invention consiste à faire monter ou descendre, selon le sens de transfert, la nacelle le long d'un câble 6 au moyen d'un moteur situé dans la nacelle, l'extrémité supérieure du câble étant accroché au crochet 4 de la grue 5 et l'extrémité inférieure 7 du câble étant accroché au moyen d'un croc à largage rapide 8 au pont du bateau 2, la nacelle 3 comportant des moyens, décrit plus loin en référence à la figure 3, permettant, lorsque le croc 8 est accroché au pont du bateau de faire en sorte que la nacelle suive les mouvements de la houle, et permettant en décrochant le croc 8 lorsque le câble est détendu entre la nacelle et le pont du bateau de désolidariser la nacelle des mouvements du bateau.The principle of the invention consists in raising or lowering, according to the direction of transfer, the nacelle along a cable 6 by means of a motor located in the nacelle, the upper end of the cable being attached to the hook 4 of the crane 5 and the lower end 7 of the cable being attached by means of a quick-release hook 8 to the deck of the boat 2, the nacelle 3 comprising means, described below with reference to FIG. 3 , allowing, when the hook 8 is hooked to the deck of the boat to ensure that the nacelle follows the movements of the swell, and allowing by unhooking the hook 8 when the cable is relaxed between the nacelle and the deck of the boat to separate the boat movement nacelle.

Un tel principe peut être illustré au moyen d'une cabine agrippée à un câble qui la traverse, la cabine comportant des moyens de hissage le long du câble, l'extrémité inférieure du câble étant accroché au pont d'un bateau par un moyen d'accrochage rapidement larguable, et l'extrémité supérieure du câble passant sur une poulie, suspendue au croc d'une grue, et comportant un contrepoids plus lourd que la cabine, des moyens étant prévus pour bloquer sur commande la descente du contrepoids quelques instants avant de décrocher le câble du pont du bateau au cours d'une phase quelconque du bateau sur la houle.Such a principle can be illustrated by means of a cabin gripped by a cable which passes through it, the cabin comprising means of hoisting along the cable, the lower end of the cable being hooked to the deck of a boat by means of 'quick release hooking, and the upper end of the cable passing on a pulley, suspended from the crane hook, and comprising a heavier counterweight than the cabin, means being provided to block the descent of the counterweight a few moments before to unhook the boat deck cable during any phase of the boat on the swell.

La figure 3 montre un mécanisme particulier préférentiel permettant d'obtenir le même résultat mais dans lequel le contrepoids est remplacé par un système hydropneumatique plus réaliste.FIG. 3 shows a particular preferential mechanism making it possible to obtain the same result but in which the counterweight is replaced by a more realistic hydropneumatic system.

Tout ce que l'on voit sur cette figure est situé à l'intérieur de la nacelle 3.Everything we see in this figure is located inside the nacelle 3.

Le câble 6 est moufle autour d'un vérin hydraulique 9, muni à chacune de ses extrémités d'une poulie 23, 24, relié à un accumulateur de gaz comprimé 10, et passe dans un treuil 11 à câble sans fin. Bien entendu ce treuil ne peut pas se mettre en mouvement sous la seule action du câble qui lui même ne peut pas glisser par rapport au treuil.The cable 6 is muffled around a hydraulic cylinder 9, provided at each of its ends with a pulley 23, 24, connected to a compressed gas accumulator 10, and passes through a winch 11 with an endless cable. Of course, this winch cannot move under the sole action of the cable which itself cannot slide relative to the winch.

D'autre part ce treuil est évidemment situé entre l'extrémité inférieure 7 du câble 6 et le vérin 9.On the other hand, this winch is obviously located between the lower end 7 of the cable 6 and the jack 9.

Le circuit hydraulique comprend une vanne quart de tour 12 et en série une vanne de réglage de débit 13. En parallèle sur ces deux organes est placé un clapet de non retour 14 interdisant le passage de l'huile dans le sens accumulateur vers le vérin et en parallèle sur la vanne de débit 12 est placé une soupape de sécurité 15. L'accumulateur 10 comprend un piston libre 16 séparant le gaz sous pression contenu dans l'accumulateur au-dessus du piston 16, de l'huile remplissant le vérin et le circuit hydraulique décrit ci-dessus.The hydraulic circuit includes a quarter-turn valve 12 and in series a flow control valve 13. In parallel on these two members is placed a non-return valve 14 preventing the passage of oil in the accumulator direction towards the cylinder and in parallel on the flow valve 12 is placed a safety valve 15. The accumulator 10 comprises a free piston 16 separating the pressurized gas contained in the accumulator above the piston 16, oil filling the cylinder and the hydraulic circuit described above.

La figure 2 montre en perspective écorchée une nacelle contenant tous les organes du dispositif représenté figure 3. Ce dispositif est situé dans la partie centrale de la nacelle à l'intérieur d'un cylindre 17 enfermant l'ensemble du mécanisme.Figure 2 shows in cutaway perspective a nacelle containing all the organs of the device shown in Figure 3. This device is located in the central part of the nacelle inside a cylinder 17 enclosing the entire mechanism.

Les passagers prennent place entre ce cylindre 17 et la paroi externe 18 de la nacelle. A la partie inférieure de la nacelle est situé un compartiment à bagages 19. Des amortisseurs 25 sont prévus sous le fond de la nacelle. Enfin un flotteur circulaire 40 est fixé autour de la nacelle assurant sa flottabilité en cas d'accident.The passengers take their place between this cylinder 17 and the external wall 18 of the nacelle. At the lower part of the nacelle is located a luggage compartment 19. Dampers 25 are provided under the bottom of the nacelle. Finally a circular float 40 is fixed around the nacelle ensuring its buoyancy in the event of an accident.

Le fonctionnement du dispositif est le suivant :

  • 1er cas : transfert des passagers du bateau 2 vers la plate-forme 1.
The operation of the device is as follows:
  • 1st case: transfer of passengers from boat 2 to platform 1.

La nacelle 3 repose sur le pont du bateau, la partie inférieure du câble 6, sous la nacelle, est acrochée, par l'intermédiaire du croc à larguage rapide 8, au pont du bateau et il est tendu. Ce croc peut être auto-larguable à manque de tension et peut être accroché au câble 6 par un dispositif amortisseur.The nacelle 3 rests on the deck of the boat, the lower part of the cable 6, under the nacelle, is attached, by means of the quick-release hook 8, to the deck of the boat and it is stretched. This hook can be self-releasing due to lack of tension and can be hung on the cable 6 by a damping device.

Le bateau se place sensiblement sous le croc de la grue. L'équipage accroche au croc 4 de la grue 5 l'extrémité supérieure du câble 6 sortant par le dessus de la nacelle. La vanne 12 est ouverte, c'est-à-dire à 90° de la position représentée sur la figure 3. La tige 20 du vérin 9 est sortie et le piston 16 de l'accumulateur 10 est en position basse. Le grutier lève alors le crochet 4 de sa grue de façon à mettre le câble 6 sous tension.The boat is placed appreciably under the hook of the crane. The crew hooks on the hook 4 of the crane 5 the upper end of the cable 6 exiting from above the nacelle. The valve 12 is open, that is to say at 90 ° from the position shown in FIG. 3. The rod 20 of the jack 9 is extended and the piston 16 of the accumulator 10 is in the low position. The crane operator then lifts the hook 4 of his crane so as to energize the cable 6.

Les passagers s'installent alors dans la nacelle et mettent en marche le treuil 11. La nacelle grimpe alors le long du câble 6 ajoutant son'mouvement d'ascension au mouvement de pilonnement du bateau, la tige 20 du vérin rentrant et sortant au rythme des vagues : elle rentre sous l'action de la traction de la portion de câble située sous la nacelle et accrochée au pont du bateau dans les périodes de creux de vague et elle sort sous l'action de la pression du gaz de l'accumulateur 10 lors des périodes de montée.The passengers then install themselves in the nacelle and start the winch 11. The nacelle then climbs along the cable 6 adding its ascent movement to the pounding movement of the boat, the rod 20 of the jack re-entering and exiting at the rate waves: it enters under the action of the traction of the portion of cable located under the nacelle and hung on the deck of the boat in the periods of trough of wave and it leaves under the action of the pressure of the gas of the accumulator 10 during rise periods.

Au bout d'une certaine course de la nacelle le long du câble, environ 10 mètres, cette distance étant simplement au moins égale à la distance crête à creux maximale du pilonnement du bateau, on ferme la vanne 12 à n'importe quel instant, ce qui peut être facilement exécuté automatiquement, par exemple par une came. Dans ces conditions, au cours d'une période de remontée du bateau sur la houle il se crée du mou dans la portion de câble 6 située entre le pont du bateau et la nacelle, car la tige 20 du vérin ne peut plus sortir sous l'action de la pression de l'accumulateur 20 puisque la conduite 21 comporte un clapet de non retour 14 et que la conduite 22 est obturée par la vanne 12. L'équipage détache alors le crochet 8 et le grutier emmène alors la cabine sur la plate-forme 1.After a certain travel of the nacelle along the cable, about 10 meters, this distance being simply at least equal to the maximum peak-to-hollow distance from the heaving of the boat, the valve 12 is closed at any time, which can be easily executed automatically, for example by a cam. Under these conditions, during a period of ascent of the boat on the swell, slack is created in the portion of cable 6 located between the deck of the boat and the nacelle, since the rod 20 of the jack can no longer come out under the action of the pressure of the accumulator 20 since the pipe 21 comprises a non-return valve 14 and that the pipe 22 is closed by the valve 12. The crew then detaches the hook 8 and the crane operator then takes the cabin to the platform 1.

2ème cas : transfert des passagers de la plate-forme 1 vers le bateau 2.2nd case: transfer of passengers from platform 1 to boat 2.

Les passagers montent dans la nacelle, la vanne 12 étant fermée et la tige 20 du vérin ayant été préalablement partiellement rentrée, le grutier présente la cabine au-dessus du bateau à environ une vingtaine de mètres. L'équipage accroche alors le crochet 8 au pont du bateau. On ouvre alors la vanne 12 et sous la pression de l'accumulateur 10 la tige 20 du vérin 9 sort ce qui remonte la nacelle mettant ainsi sous tension la portion de câble 6 située sous la nacelle. A partir de ce moment là, la nacelle est solidarisée des mouvements du bateau et on met en route le treuil 11 dans le sens de la descente de la nacelle le long du câble 6.The passengers climb into the nacelle, the valve 12 being closed and the rod 20 of the jack having been partially retracted beforehand, the crane operator presents the cabin above the boat at about twenty meters. The crew then hooks hook 8 to the deck of the boat. The valve 12 is then opened and, under the pressure of the accumulator 10, the rod 20 of the jack 9 comes out which raises the nacelle thus putting under tension the portion of cable 6 situated under the nacelle. From this moment, the nacelle is joined to the movements of the boat and the winch 11 is started in the direction of the descent of the nacelle along the cable 6.

Une fois la nacelle posée sur le pont, les passagers descendent et le crochet de la grue est libérée du câble 6.Once the basket is placed on the deck, the passengers descend and the crane hook is released from the cable 6.

La vanne de réglage de débit 13 permet, en limitant le débit d'huile d'atténuer la vitesse de remontée de la nacelle 3 au moment de l'ouverture de la vanne 12, cette vanne de réglage de débit 13 est by- passé par une soupape de sécurité 15.The flow control valve 13 allows, by limiting the oil flow to attenuate the ascent rate of the nacelle 3 at the time of opening of the valve 12, this flow control valve 13 is bypassed by a safety valve 15.

Le treuil 11 peut être entraîné par un moteur thermique, électrique ou autre système. Le courant peut être fourni par câble à partir du bateau. Ce câble est accroché et décroché en même temps que le câble 6 par le crochet 8. Le courant peut aussi être fourni par un accumulateur placé dans le logement à bagages. Le treuil peut être par exemple celui vendu sous le nom LIFTO par la société LAHO et le crochet 8 est par exemple un croc à larguage rapide à distance, type marine nationale.The winch 11 can be driven by a thermal, electric or other system. Power can be supplied by cable from the boat. This cable is hooked and unhooked at the same time as the cable 6 by the hook 8. The current can also be supplied by an accumulator placed in the luggage compartment. The winch can be, for example, that sold under the name LIFTO by the company LAHO and the hook 8 is, for example, a hook with rapid release at a distance, of the national marine type.

En pratique, on peut avoir plusieurs vérins par exemple deux qui sont couplés chacun à un accumulateur de capacité suffisante.In practice, it is possible to have several jacks, for example two which are each coupled to an accumulator of sufficient capacity.

A titre non limitatif on peut donner l'exemple numérique suivant :

  • - poids de la cabine avec passagers : 1700 kg
  • - deux vérins de 10 cm de diamètre avec course de 1,5 m
  • - câble de 50 m de long et de 12 mm de diamètre
  • - poulies de 30 cm de diamètre
  • - tension du câble au dessus de la cabine en période d'accrochage du câble au pont : 2500 kg
  • - pression des accumulateurs à vide 64 bars
  • - pression maximale dans le circuit hydraulique 180 bars
  • - moteur de hissage MOTRIX 1500 de la société LAHO
  • - volume d'huile 24 litres
Without limitation, the following numerical example can be given:
  • - cabin weight with passengers: 1700 kg
  • - two 10 cm diameter cylinders with 1.5 m stroke
  • - cable 50 m long and 12 mm in diameter
  • - 30 cm diameter pulleys
  • - cable tension above the cabin when the cable is attached to the deck: 2500 kg
  • - vacuum accumulator pressure 64 bar
  • - maximum pressure in the hydraulic circuit 180 bars
  • - MOTRIX 1500 hoisting motor from LAHO
  • - oil volume 24 liters

Le système selon l'invention apporte de nombreux avantages : arrivée et départ de la nacelle du bateau en douceur, la nacelle passe ensuite, en douceur également, de son rattachement à une première structure mobile, à une seconde structure fixe ou également mobile ; l'équipage, le grutier et les passagers n'ont à effectuer que des manoeuvres banales qu'ils connaissent déjà parfaitement.The system according to the invention brings many advantages: smooth arrival and departure of the nacelle of the boat, the nacelle then passes, also smoothly, from its attachment to a first mobile structure, to a second fixed or also mobile structure; the crew, the crane operator and the passengers only have to carry out ordinary maneuvers which they already know perfectly.

Le dispositif est utilisable à partir de n'importe quelle structure équipée d'une grue suffisante et de n'importe quel côté de la structure. Bien évidemment la course des vérins est calculée de manière à être supérieure à la somme de la course maxima envisagée des deux structures.The device can be used from any structure equipped with a sufficient crane and on any side of the structure. Obviously the stroke of the cylinders is calculated so as to be greater than the sum of the maximum envisaged stroke of the two structures.

Comme il a été dit plus haut, la nacelle selon l'invention peut aussi être utilisée comme colche de plongée assurant une suspension stable comme le montre la figure 4 : l'extrémité 7 du câble 6 est fixée au fond de la mer à un corps mort 30 et le crochet 4 est lié à un ensemble pilonnant tel qu'un navire 31. La nacelle peut être remontée dans un puits 32 du bateau. L'extrémité inférieure 7 du câble 6 peut être décrochée du corps mort 30.As mentioned above, the nacelle according to the invention can also be used as a diving pole ensuring a stable suspension as shown in FIG. 4: the end 7 of the cable 6 is fixed to the bottom of the sea to a body dead 30 and the hook 4 is linked to a pounding assembly such as a ship 31. The nacelle can be raised in a well 32 of the boat. The lower end 7 of the cable 6 can be detached from the dead body 30.

Claims (4)

1/ Nacelle (3) caractérisée en ce qu'elle comporte au moins un câble (6) dont l'extrémité supérieure sort au-dessus de la nacelle et dont l'extrémité inférieure sort au-dessous de la nacelle, des moyens (11) permettant à la nacelle de monter ou de descendre le long du câble lorsque l'extrémité supérieure du câble est accroché à un organe d'accrochage (4), des moyens (9, 10) permettant de soumettre la partie supérieure du câble à une tension supérieure au poids de la nacelle lorsque la partie inférieure (7) du câble est fixée à un point d'ancrage, lesdits moyens de tensionnement permettant une variation de la distance entre ledit organe d'accrochage de l'extrémité supérieure du câble et la nacelle (3) et des moyens (12, 14) permettant, sur commande, d'agir sur lesdits moyens de tensionnement de façon à ce que la distance entre l'organe d'accrochage (4) de l'extrémité supérieure du câble et la nacelle (3) ne puisse plus se raccourcir sans interdire son allongement. 2/ Nacelle selon la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que lesdits moyens permettant de soumettre la partie supérieure du câble à une tension supérieure au poids de la cabine et permettant une variation de la distance entre l'organe d'accrochage et la nacelle et les moyens permettant, sur commande, de faire en sorte que cette distance ne puisse plus se raccourcir comporte un vérin hydraulique (9) comportant à chaque extrémité une poulie (23, 24) sur lesquelles est mouflé ledit câble (6), le vérin étant relié à un accumulateur (10) de gaz sous pression comportant un piston libre (16) par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite (22) comportant une vanne (12) permettant d'ouvrir ou de fermer ladite conduite, cette conduite étant munie d'une conduite en parallèle (27) comportant un clapet anti-retour (14) dans le sens accumulateur (10) vers le vérin.1 / Nacelle (3) characterized in that it comprises at least one cable (6), the upper end of which exits above the nacelle and the lower end of which exits below the nacelle, means (11 ) allowing the nacelle to go up or down along the cable when the upper end of the cable is hooked to a hooking member (4), means (9, 10) making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a tension greater than the weight of the nacelle when the lower part (7) of the cable is fixed to an anchor point, said tensioning means allowing a variation in the distance between said hooking member of the upper end of the cable and the nacelle (3) and means (12, 14) allowing, on command, to act on said tensioning means so that the distance between the hooking member (4) from the upper end of the cable and the nacelle (3) can no longer be shortened without prohibiting its elongation. 2 / nacelle according to claim 1, characterized in that said means making it possible to subject the upper part of the cable to a tension greater than the weight of the cabin and allowing a variation in the distance between the latching member and the nacelle and the means allowing, on command, to ensure that this distance can no longer be shortened comprises a hydraulic cylinder (9) comprising at each end a pulley (23, 24) on which said cable (6) is reeved, the cylinder being connected to an accumulator (10) of pressurized gas comprising a free piston (16) by means of a line (22) comprising a valve (12) making it possible to open or close said line, this line being provided with a parallel pipe (27) comprising a non-return valve (14) in the accumulator direction (10) towards the jack. 3/ Nacelle selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisée en ce que les moyens permettant à la nacelle de monter ou de descendre lé long du câble (6) comprennent un treuil (11) sans fin.3 / nacelle according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the means allowing the nacelle to go up or down along the cable (6) comprise an endless winch (11). 4/ Application de la nacelle selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, au transfert de charge entre une structure fixe ou mobile (1) et une structure (2) soumise à des. mouvements depilonnements, caractérisée en ce que l'extrémité inférieure (7) du câble est accrochée par l'intermédiaire d'un croc à largage rigide (8) à l'endroit d'appontage prévu sur la structure (2) soumise à mouvements de pilonnement, l'extrémité supérieure du câble (6) étant accroché au croc (4) d'une grue (5) située sur la structure fixe ou mobile (1).4 / Application of the nacelle according to one of claims 1 to 3, to the load transfer between a fixed or mobile structure (1) and a struc ture (2) subject to. peeling movements, characterized in that the lower end (7) of the cable is hooked by means of a rigid release hook (8) at the landing location provided on the structure (2) subjected to movement of heaving, the upper end of the cable (6) being hooked to the hook (4) of a crane (5) located on the fixed or mobile structure (1). 5/ Application de la nacelle selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisée en ce qu'on l'utilise comme cloche de plongée à suspension stable, la partie inférieure (7) du câble (6) étant accrochée au fond de la mer et la partie supérieure du câble (6) étant accrochée à un ensemble de pilonnement.5 / Application of the nacelle according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is used as a diving bell with stable suspension, the lower part (7) of the cable (6) being attached to the bottom of the sea and the upper part of the cable (6) being hooked to a heave assembly.
EP83401761A 1982-09-07 1983-09-07 Basket Expired EP0104983B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8215164A FR2532612A1 (en) 1982-09-07 1982-09-07 DEVICE FOR THE TRANSFER OF PERSONNEL BETWEEN A FIXED OR MOBILE STRUCTURE AND A STRUCTURE SUBJECTED TO PILKING MOVEMENTS
FR8215164 1982-09-07

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EP0104983A1 true EP0104983A1 (en) 1984-04-04
EP0104983B1 EP0104983B1 (en) 1986-06-04

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EP (1) EP0104983B1 (en)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0104983B1 (en) 1986-06-04
US4630542A (en) 1986-12-23
FR2532612A1 (en) 1984-03-09
NO160842B (en) 1989-02-27
NO160842C (en) 1989-06-07
NO833186L (en) 1984-03-08

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