EP0194175B1 - Vertically and horizontally transferable ship - Google Patents

Vertically and horizontally transferable ship Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0194175B1
EP0194175B1 EP86400274A EP86400274A EP0194175B1 EP 0194175 B1 EP0194175 B1 EP 0194175B1 EP 86400274 A EP86400274 A EP 86400274A EP 86400274 A EP86400274 A EP 86400274A EP 0194175 B1 EP0194175 B1 EP 0194175B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
boat
cable
ship
platform
hull
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EP86400274A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0194175A1 (en
Inventor
Xavier Peyre
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to AT86400274T priority Critical patent/ATE39238T1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
    • B63B27/36—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for floating cargo

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to transfers of people or equipment at sea from one vessel to another and their transport from one place to another.
  • the helicopter was immediately seen as the only quick, efficient and safe way: it solved the two problems of transhipment and transfer from one place to another. Unfortunately this means has proven to be very expensive and less secure than one might have thought in the event of a gust or fog the helicopter is practically no longer usable.
  • the helicopter is not usually used to transfer passengers from a cruise ship.
  • EP-A-104 983 describes a transfer pod associated with a crane which is deposited on the deck of an underlying ship.
  • This nacelle which can be gently placed on the ship while absorbing the swell effect, provides an effective solution to the vertical transhipment of ten people between a platform and a ship, but on the one hand it is not suitable for the large number of people to tranship hotel barges and on the other hand, it cannot move horizontally to transport passengers for example from a boat to another or on a beach or from a platform to a other.
  • this latter solution has the disadvantage of being dependent on external means located on the platform (or the highest boat) operators (the crane operator is on the platform), means (crane, computer, air cushion). Hence the lack of flexibility and autonomy of the solutions known so far.
  • the present invention proposes a new autonomous system, that is to say one which does not depend on the sender and receiver buildings, which ensures both vertical transhipment from one edge to another, as well as horizontal transport on water, and even in bad weather and for a large number of people at the same time.
  • the invention relates to a boat capable, by its own means, of connecting by a cable to an overhanging platform or ship, of hoisting itself along the cable at the level of the deck of the ship or the platform, descend and land gently on the sea or on a rigid surface subject to the effects of the swell, then resume its normal boat function.
  • the subject of the invention is the new industrial product constituted by a boat of
  • the boat will be flat-bottomed or of the catamaran type, but these types of preferential forms are not limiting.
  • an alternative embodiment of the boat according to the invention will advantageously have a hull bottom comprising an opening for the passage of the lower end of the cable so that said end can be hooked to an anchor point, by the 'through a hook with a safety mechanism or other break.
  • the boat according to the invention in its preferred form is a catamaran with asymmetrical hulls, its internal vertical walls having a shape known as a helix, each comprising a water propulsion group of the type known under the name of "water-jet" and it comprises between the shells a horizontal swell damper with hydraulic cylinder.
  • the boat according to the invention is placed approximately plumb with a fixed point of a platform or a receiving ship, a mooring is launched from the boat using any known means and we file it securely; a hoist winch located in the boat is started which hoists the boat to the mooring point of said platform.
  • a hoist winch located in the boat is started which hoists the boat to the mooring point of said platform.
  • the boat remains in a position against the wind, stable horizontal thanks on the one hand to the stays, on the other hand to the self-stabilizing guide.
  • the boat On arrival against the mooring point of the platform, the boat automatically turns in the direction desired for the transfer of passengers and comes to a complete stop by compression on the fixed mooring point. And then the passengers are lowered or raised.
  • the initial starting pressure is adjusted and the boat is lowered to the sea with the winch; if the boat is to land on the deck of a ship, the descent is interrupted to hang on the deck of the ship the lower end of the cable hanging under the boat and stretch the cable.
  • a boat 1 provided with a vertical cylindrical guide 2, hollow, open at its two ends 3 and 4, in the form of a mast, the axis of this guide passes substantially through the center of gravity of the boat.
  • the guide 2 is firmly connected to the hull by its lower end 4 and by guy lines 16, 17, 18 so as to be able to withstand the bending forces when the boat is suspended.
  • the lower end of the cable 8 can be fixed to the capstan or coiled in the bottom of the boat when it is not in use, or it can be free and provided with a fixing hook.
  • the invention consists in passing in a guide integral with the boat a cable pulled by a capstan, located in the boat after the guide.
  • a cable pulled by a capstan located in the boat after the guide.
  • the boat once suspended on a cable, remain stable and horizontal, whatever the distribution of the weight in the boat.
  • This stability is obtained by placing the point of application of the lifting force under the guide, here on the return pulley 19.
  • the axis of the guide 2 passes approximately through the center of gravity of the boat.
  • the mast-shaped guide, integral with the boat also tilts, forming an angle with the vertical.
  • the tensioned cable exerts a reaction which is applied at the top 3 of the guide, at the mouth.
  • the guide 2 in the form of a mast has at its upper end a mouth 3 provided with orientation and compression means 5 cooperating with corresponding means 14 shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • orientation and compression means 5 cooperating with corresponding means 14 shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • These means are intended, on the one hand, to automatically orient the boat on arrival at a fixed point on a platform or on a ship in a predetermined direction so as to encourage the exit of passengers or equipment, on the other hand compress the boat against this fixed point in order to immobilize it in compression against this fixed point to allow the transfer of passengers between two fixed surfaces relative to one another.
  • these orientation and compression means allow the boat to be hooked and kept hooked when the cable is no longer under tension, that is to say in the rest position.
  • These orientation and compression means 5 must therefore be very securely connected to the mast-shaped guide 2, and itself very solidly to the shell 6 to support the compression and bending forces, the latter products in particular by the movements of passengers on deck when entering or leaving
  • the device shown in 5 is a circular plate hollowed out in its center to allow the passage of the cable, provided with lateral helical ramps.
  • the cooperating device 14 is a circular plate hollowed out at its center and cut radially to allow the installation of the cable and comprising helical grooves cooperating with the ramps of the plate 5.
  • this embodiment is not limiting and it is possible to make the device with conical surfaces provided with helical ramps or any other surface.
  • the plates 5 and 14 have safety locks holding them one against the other when the compression of the plate 5 on the plate 14 ceases. These locks are controlled from the cockpit. Thus, when the plate 5 approaches the plate 14 the ramps penetrate into the grooves, making the boat pivot in the desired orientation. At the end of the race, the plates come into contact and, the capstan continuing to operate, lean strongly against each other, thus completely immobilizing the boat at the gallows. The pilot while keeping the cable under tension, can then lock the two plates, and put the cable off; the boat is then in the rest or waiting position.
  • the attachment to the hull could for example be of the tripod 7 type, but any other connection system between the guide and the hull could be used allowing the guide to withstand the initial compression stresses, as well as the weight of the boat when it is maintained in the air by the safety locks on the guide.
  • the boat must land in the best conditions. In calm weather the ditching is without difficulty, but in weather the best conditions are obtained by landing in front of the waves.
  • the boat according to the invention comprises, between the top of the mast-shaped guide 2 and the hull 6 or the cockpit 15, pairs of guy lines 16, 17, 18 , ridges, in the form of plates parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • Each pair of shrouds is mounted symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boat, so as to balance the wind forces on each side of the boat and thus ensure a stable position in the wind bed.
  • stay-mounted plates 16, 17, 18 therefore have two functions: that of the deflector and that of the stay, because their rigidity also contributes to stiffening the mast-shaped guide against the forces when the boat swaying.
  • the shrouds 16, 17, 18 are generally trapezoidal in shape, but this shape is an exemplary embodiment. They are fixed at the top on the orientation and compression device 5, and at the bottom on the outer edges of the boat by their large base.
  • the boat according to the invention in its preferred form is towed vertically by a capstan 13.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 9 mouflé designed to absorb swell.
  • the block has four pairs of pulleys 12, antagonistic, identical, mounted orthogonally to each other, around a damping cylinder. This makes it possible to use a jack of short length, and therefore of small footprint and by the numerous strands of cables, to obtain a large vertical clearance in the event of heavy swell.
  • the block is housed horizontally between the hulls 50, 51 of the boat in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat.
  • the cable at outlet 4 of the guide passes through a pulley 19 for deflection, in each of the eight pulleys of the block, and is then connected to the capstan.
  • the damper 9 is a hydraulic cylinder connected to a compressed gas accumulator circuit 40 of the type described in patent 82.15164, and is housed between the shells. It is shown in Figure 8 and includes a quarter-turn valve 41, an oil flow control valve 42 with a safety valve 43 in parallel, and mounted parallel to the circuit a non-return valve 44.
  • the accumulator 45 comprises a bladder 46 or a free piston separating the gas and the oil.
  • a purge valve 48, a pressure gauge 47, and a reserve of pressurized gas 49 connected to the accumulator make it possible to vary the initial pressure.
  • the shock absorber must be able to absorb swell in two cases: when the boat docks, or when the boat lands on the deck of a ship. And in each case the initial pressure is different:
  • the boat is attached to the end 21 of a bracket 22 and held in position by the orientation and compression device 5.14.
  • the bracket is an embodiment of a fixed point secured to the fixed structure 20 (platform, ship, dock, ...) on which it is possible to hang the upper end of the cable; but you can pass the cable on or in the fixed point, slide it and hang it on the boat in a known way.
  • the fixed point is located at the end of the arm of the bracket, overhanging and vertically from the guide 2 of the boat.
  • the distance between the vertical and the edge of the platform is substantially equal to the distance from the mast to the stern of the boat in such a way that the boat can approach the platform through the transom and that passengers can enter and descend from the rear and passengers can enter and descend from the rear.
  • the cable passes through the orientation and compression device 5, 14 and is hooked to the stem by a mooring 23.
  • the pilot regulates the initial pressure of the accumulator 45 using the pressure gauge 47 and the purge valve 48.
  • the pilot starts the engine and engages the capstan to tension the cable and immobilize the boat in compression. It then unlocks the orientation and compression device 5, 14.
  • the cable is then under tension and the orientation and compression plate 5 at the end of the mast-shaped guide pushes the orientation and compression plate 14 of the gallows. Passengers board and settle in in the boat. The pilot begins the descent.
  • the boat turns in the bed of the wind and lands in front of the waves.
  • the contact with the water takes place gently thanks to the shock absorber which absorbs the reaction of the weight of the boat on the water.
  • the pilot unhooks line 23 from its upper attachment point using a device known per se (secondary cable, electromagnetic, acoustic control, etc.), stores the cable in the boat and moves away from the platform. -form.
  • a device known per se secondary cable, electromagnetic, acoustic control, etc.
  • the boat arrives near another platform.
  • the pilot launches the cable 8 on the fixed point of orientation and compression 21 using a known device of the rifle-launcher type, and securely fixes the mooring 23.
  • the pilot engages the engine of the boat on the capstan which, by winding the cable, lifts the boat.
  • the boat arrives at the top positioned in the wind bed.
  • the plate 5 pivots automatically and presents the exit section opposite the gangway.
  • the pilot compresses the plates 5 and 14 and immobilizes the boat.
  • the boat is in the rest position.
  • 3rd case variant: transhipment between the deck of a boat and a platform
  • a variant of the use of this boat consists in using a transshipment basket between, for example, a platform and a surface subjected to heaving forces, such as the deck of a ship in rough seas.
  • the free lower end of the cable is hooked to the anchoring point 31 with safety at break of the deck 30 of the ship.
  • This anchoring point detailed in FIG. 7 comprises a spring 32 housed in a cylinder, closed by a movable piston 33 and by the bottom of the cylinder.
  • the rod 34 of the piston is hooked in a known manner to the free lower end of the cable 8.
  • the cylinder is pierced right through with two orifices so as to place a key 35 with rupture connected to the bridge .
  • the device acts when the cylinder 9 of the muffle being completely compressed, an overvoltage occurs. If this overvoltage is low, the spring 32 is compressed. If this overvoltage exceeds a predetermined value, the spring is compressed then the key 35 breaks freeing the cable 8.
  • the operation in the nacelle is as follows: The boat is initially in the standby position, the stroke of the piston in the cylinder 9 of the muffle is at the maximum; the valves 41 and 42 are open.
  • the pilot sets the initial pressure to the value indicated by the manufacturer for a landing.
  • the adjustment is made with the pressure gauge 47 and the gas reserve 49. Then it starts the engine, engages the capstan in the lifting direction to tension the cable and immobilize the boat in compression.
  • the quarter-turn valve 41 is closed. The adjustment is made using the pressure gauge 47.
  • the orientation and compression device 5, 14 is unlocked (s 'there occurs); passengers board and settle in; the pilot begins the descent. After a descent of approximately ten meters, the pilot stopped the boat.
  • the receiving vessel is placed under the boat, and the crew attaches the cable that hangs under the boat to the anchor point 31.
  • the pilot opens the quarter-turn valve 41.
  • the gas under pressure pushes the piston to the maximum of its course, which tends the cable between the boat and the receiving ship 30.
  • the boat simultaneously ascends to a height of about ten meters.
  • the flow control valve 42 allows, by limiting the oil flow to attenuate the ascent rate of the boat 1 at the time of opening of the valve 41, this flow control valve 42 is bypassed by a valve security 43.
  • the boat is then secured to the movements of the receiving ship 30. It follows the same movements of the swell, and is therefore stationary relative to the ship. All upward or downward movements due to the swell are absorbed by the muffle.
  • the pilot resumed his descent and landed gently on deck 30 of the receiving ship.
  • the passengers alight.
  • the exterior surface of the boat hull 1 in contact with the deck 30 is covered with a non-slip material 11 which can also cushion the jetty.
  • the boat In the opposite direction to a transfer of passengers from the ship to the platform, the boat initially rests on the deck 30 of the ship. The lower end of the cable 2 is hooked to the anchor point 31 with safety at break of the bridge 30 and it is tensioned.
  • the ship is placed substantially under the fixed point 21, the cable is moored on this upper fixed point using a known device of the rifle-launcher type, and solidly freezes the mooring 23.
  • the quarter-turn valve is open, the piston has extended as far as possible from its stroke in cylinder 9. The pilot engages the capstan and tightens the cable.
  • the passengers board and the pilot begins to climb the boat.
  • the quarter-turn valve 41 is closed.
  • slack is created in the cable located between the boat and the ship because the piston of the hydraulic shock cannot no longer exit under the effect of the non-return valve 44 and of the closed valve 41.
  • the crew on the ship then releases the hook 31 and the pilot continues to climb.
  • the pilot opens the quarter-turn valve 41 and completes its ascent as in the climb previously described.
  • a boat is advantageously used, the bottom 10 of which includes means making it possible to rest the boat stably on the receiving surface.
  • a catamaran has been shown but this example is not limiting and it is possible to use a flat-bottomed monohull boat 10 provided with a well 52 for the passage of the free lower end of the cable 8 or a multihull, but the catamaran is preferred in that it has a free space between the hulls for the installation of the devices of the invention.
  • the boat can be used to transfer operating personnel from a platform to a ship and vice versa, as a shuttle between several platforms or marine vessels, as a lifeboat, or even to disembark travelers on a beach or a floating bridge and in this it thus solves the problems of transferring tourists from a ship to a difficult place to access.

Abstract

This invention relates to a boat designed as a self-hoisting unit for the vertical and horizontal transfer of persons and/or equipment from a ship to an offshore platform and vice versa. The boat carries a hollow mast forming a guide for a cable, the upper end of which will be attached to a carrier structure extending outwardly from a platform or ship. The mast is held by shrouds so as to withstand large flexural strains. For compensating sea-swell, the lower end of the cable passes over a damper unit comprising an hydraulic cylinder associated with pulleys of two opposed tackle-blocks. The cable is driven by a winch so that the boat can autonomously hoist itself to the platform deck level, or lower itself down to the sea or onto the deck of a ship. The mast height is sufficient for generating an uprighting torque ensuring horizontal stability of the boat during its ascent and descent. The boat is suitable for carrying a large number of persons, for instance as a lifeboat or for a shuttle service between offshore platforms.

Description

La présente invention concerne les transferts de personnes ou de matériel en mer d'un bâtiment à un autre et leur transport d'un endroit à un autre.The present invention relates to transfers of people or equipment at sea from one vessel to another and their transport from one place to another.

Transférer des personnes en mer pose constamment des problèmes délicats, surtout par mauvais temps. Or ces opérations de transfert sont très fréquentes dans les exploitations pétrolières en mer aussi bien que dans les voyages sur des navires de croisière où par exemple, à chaque escale dans un endroit difficile d'accès (port en eau peu profonde ...), les passagers doivent emprunter une navette pour aller à terre et réciproquement.Transferring people to the sea constantly poses delicate problems, especially in bad weather. However, these transfer operations are very frequent in offshore oil operations as well as in voyages on cruise ships where, for example, at each stopover in a place difficult to access (port in shallow water ...), passengers must take a shuttle to go ashore and vice versa.

Pour les exploitations pétrolières, l'hélicoptère a été immédiatement considéré comme le seul moyen rapide, efficace et sûr: il résoud en effet les deux problèmes de transbordement et de transfert d'un endroit à un autre. Malheureusement ce moyen s'est avéré à l'usage fort cher et moins sûr que l'on aurait pu le penser en cas de bourrasque ou de brouillard l'hélicoptère n'est pratiquement plus utilisable.For oil operations, the helicopter was immediately seen as the only quick, efficient and safe way: it solved the two problems of transhipment and transfer from one place to another. Unfortunately this means has proven to be very expensive and less secure than one might have thought in the event of a gust or fog the helicopter is practically no longer usable.

Pour ces mêmes raisons, l'hélicoptére n'est pas habituellement utilisé pour le transfert des passagers d'un navire de croisière.For these same reasons, the helicopter is not usually used to transfer passengers from a cruise ship.

Principalement pour des raisons d'économie et de sûreté on est revenu à l'emploi d'embarcations. Par ailleurs de nombreuses firmes industrielles ont proposé différents dispositifs tels qu'une coupée sur coussin d'air, ou un ascenseur asservi à la houle par ordinateur,...Mainly for reasons of economy and safety we returned to the use of boats. In addition, many industrial firms have proposed various devices such as an air cushion cut, or a computer-controlled lift ...

Le EP-A-104 983 décrit une nacelle de transbordement associée à une grue qui se dépose sur le pont d'un navire sous-jacent. Cette nacelle qui peut se poser doucement sur le navire en absorbant l'effet de houle, apporte une solution efficace au transbordement vertical d'une dizaine de personnes entre une plate-forme et un navire, mais d'une part elle n'est pas adaptée au grand nombre de personnes à transborder des barges-hotels et d'autre part, elle ne peut se déplacer horizontalement pour transporter des passagers par exemple d'un bateau à un autre ou sur une plage ou d'une plate-forme à une autre.EP-A-104 983 describes a transfer pod associated with a crane which is deposited on the deck of an underlying ship. This nacelle which can be gently placed on the ship while absorbing the swell effect, provides an effective solution to the vertical transhipment of ten people between a platform and a ship, but on the one hand it is not suitable for the large number of people to tranship hotel barges and on the other hand, it cannot move horizontally to transport passengers for example from a boat to another or on a beach or from a platform to a other.

Par ailleurs, comme dans les deux solutions précédentes, (ascenseur asservi, coupée sur coussin d'air) cette dernière solution à l'inconvénient d'être dépendante de moyens extérieurs situés sur la plate-forme (ou le bateau le plus élevé) opérateurs (le grutier se trouve sur la plate-forme), moyens (grue, ordinateur, coussin d'air). D'où le manque de souplesse et d'autonomie des solutions connues jusqu'à présent.Furthermore, as in the two previous solutions, (slave elevator, cut on air cushion) this latter solution has the disadvantage of being dependent on external means located on the platform (or the highest boat) operators (the crane operator is on the platform), means (crane, computer, air cushion). Hence the lack of flexibility and autonomy of the solutions known so far.

La présente invention propose un nouveau système autonome, c'est-à-dire ne dépendant pas des bâtiments expéditeur et récepteur, qui assure aussi bien le transbordement vertical d'un bord à un autre, que le transport horizontal sur l'eau, et cela même par mauvais temps et pour un grand nombre de personnes à la fois.The present invention proposes a new autonomous system, that is to say one which does not depend on the sender and receiver buildings, which ensures both vertical transhipment from one edge to another, as well as horizontal transport on water, and even in bad weather and for a large number of people at the same time.

A cet effet, l'invention concerne un bateau capable, par ses propres moyens, de se relier par un câble à une plate-forme ou un navire en surplomb, de se hisser le long du câble au niveau du pont du navire ou de la plate-forme, d'en redescendre et de se poser en douceur sur la mer ou sur une surface rigide soumise aux effets de la houle, puis de reprendre sa fonction normale de bateau.To this end, the invention relates to a boat capable, by its own means, of connecting by a cable to an overhanging platform or ship, of hoisting itself along the cable at the level of the deck of the ship or the platform, descend and land gently on the sea or on a rigid surface subject to the effects of the swell, then resume its normal boat function.

L'invention a pour objet le produit industriel nouveau constitué par un bateau deThe subject of the invention is the new industrial product constituted by a boat of

transbordement associé à une grue caracterisé en ce:

  • - que sa coque est munie d'un guide vertical cylindrique creux, rigide, ouvert à ses deux extrémités, situé sensiblement à la verticale du centre de gravité du bateau, la liaison entre la coque et le guide étant réalisée de telle sorte que le guide est apte à supporter des efforts de flexion importants,
  • - que ledit bateau comportant un câble coulissant à travers le guide et coopérant avec des moyens de traction disposés sous le guide de telle sorte que lorsque l'extrémité supérieure dudit câble est solidarisée avec une plate-forme ou un navire récepteur en surplomb, le bateau peut monter et descendre le long du câble,
  • - que le guide, procurant par ses extrémités inférieure et supérieure deux zônes de contacts suffisament distants l'une de l'autre pour engendrer automatiquement sur le cable en traction un couple de redressement, assure au bateau pendant son trajet de montée ou de descente une stabilité horizontale.
transshipment associated with a crane characterized in:
  • - that its hull is provided with a hollow cylindrical vertical guide, rigid, open at its two ends, located substantially vertically from the center of gravity of the boat, the connection between the hull and the guide being made so that the guide is able to withstand significant bending forces,
  • - that said boat comprising a cable sliding through the guide and cooperating with traction means arranged under the guide so that when the upper end of said cable is secured to an overhanging platform or receiving vessel, the boat can go up and down along the cable,
  • - that the guide, providing by its lower and upper ends two contact zones sufficiently distant from each other to automatically generate on the cable in traction a righting torque, ensures the boat during its upward or downward journey a horizontal stability.

Le bateau selon l'invention est encore remarquable par les caractéristiques suivantes:

  • - le guide rigide vertical est apte à supporter des efforts en compression verticale contre la structure porteuse de la plate-forme ou le navire de telle sorte que le bateau soit immobilisé par ces efforts de compression;
  • - le guide rigide vertical est apte à supporter le poids du bateau lorsque celui-ci n'est pas utilisé et que le cable n'est plus soumis à la tension des moyens de traction;
  • - l'embouchure supérieure de ce guide comporte des moyens d'orientation automatique destinés à coopérer avec des moyens correspondants disposés sur la plate-forme ou le navire recepteur de manière à permettre un guidage de la position relative du bateau par rapport à la plate-forme au moment de son immobilisation, et un verrouillage de sécurité.
The boat according to the invention is also remarkable for the following characteristics:
  • - The rigid vertical guide is able to withstand efforts in vertical compression against the support structure of the platform or the ship so that the boat is immobilized by these compression efforts;
  • - The rigid vertical guide is able to support the weight of the boat when it is not in use and the cable is no longer subjected to the tension of the traction means;
  • - The upper mouth of this guide includes automatic orientation means intended to cooperate with corresponding means arranged on the platform or the receiving ship so as to allow guidance of the relative position of the boat relative to the platform. form at the time of its immobilization, and a safety interlock.

De préference ces moyens sont constitués par deus plateaux munis de rampes hélicoïdales comportant des verrous de sécurité, l'un des plateaux étant monté à la partie supérieure du guide et l'autre sur une structure porteuse de la plate-forme ou du navire de manière à utiliser la force ascensionnelle verticale pour faire pivoter le bateau autour de l'axe du guide juste avant son immobilisation;

  • - le bateau comporte des moyens permettant d'orienter automatiquement la coque dans le lit du vent de façon que celle-ci se trouve face à la vague lors de l'amérissage.
Preferably, these means consist of two plates provided with helical ramps comprising safety latches, one of the plates being mounted at the top of the guide and the other on a support structure of the platform or of the ship so to use the vertical upward force to rotate the boat around the axis of the guide just before coming to a stop;
  • - The boat has means for automatically orienting the hull in the wind bed so that it is facing the wave during landing.

De manière préférentielle, les moyens d'orientation sont des haubans constitués par des plaques rigides parallèles à l'axe longitudinal de la coque. Ces haubans sont de forme générale trapézoïdale, fixés à la coque par leur grande base;

  • - les moyens de traction sont constitués par un cabestan ou un treuil à friction;
  • - entre la sortie inférieure du guide et le cabestan le câble passe dans un amortisseur hydraulique.
Preferably, the orientation means are shrouds constituted by rigid plates parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull. These shrouds are generally trapezoidal, fixed to the hull by their large base;
  • - The traction means are constituted by a capstan or a friction winch;
  • - between the lower guide output and the capstan the cable passes through a hydraulic shock absorber.

Dans une forme préférentielle, l'amortisseur hydraulique est un vérin mouflé disposé horizontalement et sensiblement parallèlement à l'axe longitudinal de la coque; le vérin mouflé selon la forme de réalisation préférentielle est constitué de deux groupes d'au moins quatre poulies antagonistes, les poulies de chaque groupe étant placées orthogonalement autour de l'amortisseur hydraulique;

  • - le vérin hydraulique est relié à un circuit accumulateur de gaz comprimé comportant une vanne permettant le réglage de la pression initiale de fonctionnement;
  • - le fond du bateau comporte des moyens lui permettant de reposer de façon stable sur une surface plane.
In a preferred form, the hydraulic shock absorber is a lifted cylinder arranged horizontally and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull; the cylinder supported according to the preferred embodiment consists of two groups of at least four opposing pulleys, the pulleys of each group being placed orthogonally around the hydraulic damper;
  • - the hydraulic cylinder is connected to a compressed gas accumulator circuit comprising a valve allowing the adjustment of the initial operating pressure;
  • - The bottom of the boat has means allowing it to rest stably on a flat surface.

Selon des variantes préférentielles de l'invention, le bateau sera à fond plat ou de type catamaran, mais ces types de formes préférentielles ne sont pas limitatifs.According to preferential variants of the invention, the boat will be flat-bottomed or of the catamaran type, but these types of preferential forms are not limiting.

Par ailleurs, une variante de réalisation du bateau selon l'invention présentera avantageusement un fond de coque comportant une ouverture pour le passage de l'extrémité inférieure du câble de telle sorte que ladite extrémité puisse être accrochée à un point d'ancrage, par l'intermédiaire d'un crochet comportant un mécanisme de sécurité à rupture ou autre.Furthermore, an alternative embodiment of the boat according to the invention will advantageously have a hull bottom comprising an opening for the passage of the lower end of the cable so that said end can be hooked to an anchor point, by the 'through a hook with a safety mechanism or other break.

Le bateau selon l'invention dans sa forme préférentielle est un catamaran à coques dissymétriques ses parois verticales intérieures ayant une forme connue en hélice, comportant chacune d'elles un groupe de propulsion à eau du type connu sous le nom de "water-jet" et il comporte entre les coques un amortisseur d'effet de houle horizontal à vérin hydraulique.The boat according to the invention in its preferred form is a catamaran with asymmetrical hulls, its internal vertical walls having a shape known as a helix, each comprising a water propulsion group of the type known under the name of "water-jet" and it comprises between the shells a horizontal swell damper with hydraulic cylinder.

Ainsi d'une facon générale, on place le bateau selon l'invention approximativement à l'aplomb d'un point fixe d'une plate-forme ou d'un navire récepteur, on lance depuis le bateau une amarre à l'aide de tout moyen connu et on la file solidement; on met en marche un treuil de levage situé dans le bateau qui hisse le bateau jusqu'au point d'amarrage de ladite plate-forme. Pendant toute la trajectoire le bateau reste dans une position contre le vent, horizontale stable grâce d'une part aux haubans, d'autre part au guide autostabilisateur. A l'arrivée contre le point d'amarrage de la plate-forme, le bateau s'oriente automatiquement selon la direction voulue pour le transfert des passagers et vient s'immobiliser complètement par compression sur le point fixe d'amarrage. Et on fait alors descendre ou monter les passagers.Thus, in general, the boat according to the invention is placed approximately plumb with a fixed point of a platform or a receiving ship, a mooring is launched from the boat using any known means and we file it securely; a hoist winch located in the boat is started which hoists the boat to the mooring point of said platform. Throughout the trajectory the boat remains in a position against the wind, stable horizontal thanks on the one hand to the stays, on the other hand to the self-stabilizing guide. On arrival against the mooring point of the platform, the boat automatically turns in the direction desired for the transfer of passengers and comes to a complete stop by compression on the fixed mooring point. And then the passengers are lowered or raised.

Lorsque le bateau est en position haute et pour le faire descendre, on règle la pression initiale de départ et on descend le bateau à la mer avec le treuil; si le bateau doit se poser sur le pont d'un navire, la descente est interrompue pour accrocher sur le pont du navire l'extrémité inférieure du cable qui pend sous le bateau et tendre le cable.When the boat is in the high position and to lower it, the initial starting pressure is adjusted and the boat is lowered to the sea with the winch; if the boat is to land on the deck of a ship, the descent is interrupted to hang on the deck of the ship the lower end of the cable hanging under the boat and stretch the cable.

A titre d'exemple non limitatif, et pour mieux comprendre l'invention, on a représenté aux dessins annexés:

  • figure 1, une vue générale arrachée schématique du bateau selon l'invention;
  • figures 2a et 2b deux vues générales montrant le bateau pendant un transfert entre une plate-forme et la mer;
  • figures 3 et 4 deux vues arrières du bateau selon l'invention;
  • figure 5 une vue de dessus du bateau selon l'invention;
  • figure 6 une vue générale montrant le bateau pendant un transfert entre une plate-forme et un autre navire;
  • figure 7 une vue en coupe du point d'ancrage sur le navire de la figure 6;
  • figure 8 une vue schématique du circuit hydraulique selon l'invention.
By way of nonlimiting example, and in order to better understand the invention, the following drawings show:
  • Figure 1, a general schematic cutaway view of the boat according to the invention;
  • Figures 2a and 2b two general views showing the boat during a transfer between a platform and the sea;
  • Figures 3 and 4 two rear views of the boat according to the invention;
  • Figure 5 a top view of the boat according to the invention;
  • Figure 6 a general view showing the boat during a transfer between a platform and another ship;
  • Figure 7 a sectional view of the anchor point on the ship of Figure 6;
  • Figure 8 a schematic view of the hydraulic circuit according to the invention.

En se reportant à la figure 1, on voit un bateau 1 muni d'un guide 2 cylindrique vertical, creux, ouvert à ses deux extrémités 3 et 4, en forme de mât, l'axe de ce guide passe sensiblement par le centre de gravité du bateau. Le guide 2 est relié solidement à la coque par son extrémité inférieure 4 et par des haubans 16, 17, 18 afin de pouvoir supporter les efforts de flexion quand le bateau est suspendu.Referring to Figure 1, we see a boat 1 provided with a vertical cylindrical guide 2, hollow, open at its two ends 3 and 4, in the form of a mast, the axis of this guide passes substantially through the center of gravity of the boat. The guide 2 is firmly connected to the hull by its lower end 4 and by guy lines 16, 17, 18 so as to be able to withstand the bending forces when the boat is suspended.

Un câble 8, de matière et section suffisantes pour porter le bateau, ses équipements et les voyageurs, successivement et dans l'ordre:

  • - traverse le guide 2 en forme de mât, de haut en bas,
  • - est passé dans une poulie de renvoi 19, sur laquelle s'applique la force de levage du bateau, disposée de telle sorte que la gorge d'entrée soit sensiblement dans l'axe vertical du guide 2,
  • - est mouflé autour d'un vérin hydraulique horizontal 9, logé entre les deux coques du catamaran, muni à chacune de ses extrémités antagonistes d'un groupe de quatre poulies 12, relié à un circuit accumulateur de gaz comprimé non représenté sur la figure, comprenant une vanne de purge et une vanne quart de tour,
  • - et est passé autour d'un cabestan 13 ou d'un treuil à friction commandé par le moteur du bateau.
A cable 8, of sufficient material and section to carry the boat, its equipment and the travelers, successively and in order:
  • - crosses the guide 2 in the form of a mast, from top to bottom,
  • - has passed through a return pulley 19, on which the lifting force of the boat is applied, arranged so that the inlet groove is substantially in the vertical axis of the guide 2,
  • - is hauled around a horizontal hydraulic cylinder 9, housed between the two hulls of the catamaran, provided at each of its opposing ends with a group of four pulleys 12, connected to a compressed gas accumulator circuit not shown in the figure, comprising a purge valve and a quarter-turn valve,
  • - And passed around a capstan 13 or a friction winch controlled by the engine of the boat.

L'extrémité inférieure du câble 8 peut être fixée au cabestan ou lovée dans le fond du bateau quand elle n'est pas utilisée, ou bien elle peut être libre et munie d'un crochet de fixation.The lower end of the cable 8 can be fixed to the capstan or coiled in the bottom of the boat when it is not in use, or it can be free and provided with a fixing hook.

Ainsi l'invention consiste à faire passer dans un guide solidaire du bateau un câble tracté par un cabestan, situé dans le bateau après le guide. Lorsque le câble ainsi disposé est solidarisé par son extrémité supérieure à une plate-forme ou un navire récepteur situé au-dessus du bateau, le câble peut être mis sous tension par le cabestan et celui-ci peut soulever le bateau.Thus the invention consists in passing in a guide integral with the boat a cable pulled by a capstan, located in the boat after the guide. When the cable thus arranged is secured by its upper end to a platform or a receiving vessel situated above the boat, the cable can be tensioned by the capstan and the latter can lift the boat.

Pour que l'invention soit utilisable, il est essentiel que le bateau, une fois suspendu à un cable, reste stable et horizontal, quelle que soit la répartition du poids dans le bateau. Cette stabilité est obtenue en disposant le point d'application de la force de levage sous le guide, ici sur la poulie de renvoi 19. En effet, l'axe du guide 2 passe approximativement par le centre de gravité du bateau. Lorsque le centre de gravité se déplace (passagers situés à l'arrière par exemple), le bateau à tendance à s'incliner du côté où le centre de gravité s'est déplacé. Le guide en forme de mât, solidaire du bateau, s'incline aussi, formant un angle avec la verticale. Le câble tendu exerce une réaction qui s'applique en haut 3 du guide, à l'embouchure. La portion du cable tendue entre le haut 3 du guide et le point d'application (poulie 19) de la force de levage sous le guide forme un bras de levier de rappel en haut duquel s'applique la réaction, qui empêche le balancement prononcé du bateau. Il faut souligner que plus le bateau sera lourd plus la force de réaction appliquée sera grande et stabilisera le bateau. On voit par là l'importance essentielle de la disposition du guide et du point d'application de la force de levage sous ce guide et aussi l'importance de la rigidité de la liaison entre le guide et la coque. Naturellement plus la distance entre l'xstrémité de l'embouchure 3 et la poulie 19 sera grande, c'est à dire plus le guide en forme de mât sera long, plus grande sera la stabilité.For the invention to be usable, it is essential that the boat, once suspended on a cable, remain stable and horizontal, whatever the distribution of the weight in the boat. This stability is obtained by placing the point of application of the lifting force under the guide, here on the return pulley 19. Indeed, the axis of the guide 2 passes approximately through the center of gravity of the boat. When the center of gravity moves (passengers at the rear for example), the boat tends to tilt to the side where the center of gravity has moved. The mast-shaped guide, integral with the boat, also tilts, forming an angle with the vertical. The tensioned cable exerts a reaction which is applied at the top 3 of the guide, at the mouth. The portion of the cable stretched between the top 3 of the guide and the point of application (pulley 19) of the lifting force under the guide forms a return lever arm at the top of which applies the reaction, which prevents pronounced rocking Of the boat. It should be emphasized that the heavier the boat, the greater the applied reaction force and will stabilize the boat. This shows the essential importance of the arrangement of the guide and the point of application of the lifting force under this guide and also the importance of the rigidity of the connection between the guide and the hull. Naturally, the greater the distance between the end of the mouth 3 and the pulley 19, that is to say, the longer the mast-shaped guide, the greater the stability.

Cette grande stabilité du bateau permet alors:

  • - de transporter aisément de nombreuses personnes, l'embarquement pouvant être effectué quand le bateau est suspendu par le câble, sans que l'entrée des voyageurs perturbe de facon significative l'équilibre; le nombre des voyageurs n'est limité que par les dimensions du bateau et la résistance du cable;
  • - de transporter du matériel lourd, et de l'outillage, donnant la possibilité de transformer le bateau en atelier flottant ou suspendu à une plate-forme d'exploitation.
This great stability of the boat then allows:
  • - to easily transport many people, boarding can be carried out when the boat is suspended by the cable, without the entry of travelers significantly disturbing the balance; the number of travelers is limited only by the size of the boat and the strength of the cable;
  • - to transport heavy equipment and tools, giving the possibility of transforming the boat into a floating workshop or suspended from an operating platform.

Le guide 2 en forme de mât comporte à son extrémité supérieure une embouchure 3 munie de moyens d'orientation et de compression 5 coopérant avec des moyens correspondants 14 représentés schématiquement sur les figures 2a et 2b. Ces moyens sont prévus pour d'une part orienter automatiquement le bateau à l'arrivée sur un point fixe d'une plate-forme ou d'un navire selon une direction prédéterminée de façon à favoriser la sortie des passagers ou du matériel, d'autre part comprimer le bateau contre ce point fixe afin de l'immobiliser en compression contre ce point fixe pour permettre le transfert de passagers entre deux surfaces fixes l'une par rapport à l'autre. Enfin ces moyens d'orientation et de compression permettent d'accrocher et maintenir accroché le bateau quand le câble n'est plus sous tension, c'est à dire en position de repos. Aussi ces moyens d'orientation et de compression 5 doivent-ils être reliés très solidement au guide 2 en forme de mât, et lui- même très solide ment à la coque 6 pour supporter les efforts de compression et de flexion, ces derniers produits notamment par les mouvements des passagers sur le pont en entrant ou en sortant du bateau.The guide 2 in the form of a mast has at its upper end a mouth 3 provided with orientation and compression means 5 cooperating with corresponding means 14 shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 2a and 2b. These means are intended, on the one hand, to automatically orient the boat on arrival at a fixed point on a platform or on a ship in a predetermined direction so as to encourage the exit of passengers or equipment, on the other hand compress the boat against this fixed point in order to immobilize it in compression against this fixed point to allow the transfer of passengers between two fixed surfaces relative to one another. Finally, these orientation and compression means allow the boat to be hooked and kept hooked when the cable is no longer under tension, that is to say in the rest position. These orientation and compression means 5 must therefore be very securely connected to the mast-shaped guide 2, and itself very solidly to the shell 6 to support the compression and bending forces, the latter products in particular by the movements of passengers on deck when entering or leaving the boat.

Dans l'exemple de réalisation, le dispositif représenté en 5 est un plateau circulaire évidé en son centre pour permettre le passage du câble, muni de rampes hélicoïdales latérales. Le dispositif coopérant 14 est un plateau circulaire évidé en son centre et entaillé radialement pour permettre l'installation du câble et comportant des rainures hélicoïdales coopérant avec les rampes du plateau 5. Mais cet exemple de réalisation n'est pas limitatif et l'on peut réaliser le dispositif avec des surfaces côniques munies de rampes hélicoïdales ou tout autre surface.In the embodiment, the device shown in 5 is a circular plate hollowed out in its center to allow the passage of the cable, provided with lateral helical ramps. The cooperating device 14 is a circular plate hollowed out at its center and cut radially to allow the installation of the cable and comprising helical grooves cooperating with the ramps of the plate 5. However, this embodiment is not limiting and it is possible to make the device with conical surfaces provided with helical ramps or any other surface.

Les plateaux 5 et 14 comportent des verrous de sécurité les maintenant l'une contre l'autre lorsque la compression du plateau 5 sur le plateau 14 cesse. Ces verrous sont commandés depuis la cabine de pilotage. Ainsi, lorsque le plateau 5 s'approche du plateau 14 les rampes pénètrent dans les rainures, faisant pivoter le bateau dans l'orientation désirée. En fin de course les plateaux entrent en contact et, le cabestan continuant de fonctionner, s'appuient fortement l'un contre l'autre, immobilisant ainsi complètement le bateau à la potence. Le pilote tout en maintenant le câble sous tension, peut verrouiller ensuite les deux plateaux, et mettre le câble hors tension; le bateau est alors en position de repos ou d'attente.The plates 5 and 14 have safety locks holding them one against the other when the compression of the plate 5 on the plate 14 ceases. These locks are controlled from the cockpit. Thus, when the plate 5 approaches the plate 14 the ramps penetrate into the grooves, making the boat pivot in the desired orientation. At the end of the race, the plates come into contact and, the capstan continuing to operate, lean strongly against each other, thus completely immobilizing the boat at the gallows. The pilot while keeping the cable under tension, can then lock the two plates, and put the cable off; the boat is then in the rest or waiting position.

La fixation sur la coque pourra être par exemple du genre tripode 7, mais on pourra utiliser tout autre système de liaison entre le guide et la coque permettant au guide de supporter les contraintes de compression initiales, ainsi que le poids du bateau quand il est maintenu en l'air par les verrous de sureté du guide.The attachment to the hull could for example be of the tripod 7 type, but any other connection system between the guide and the hull could be used allowing the guide to withstand the initial compression stresses, as well as the weight of the boat when it is maintained in the air by the safety locks on the guide.

Il est nécessaire que le bateau amerrisse dans les meilleures conditions. Par temps calme l'amerrissage est sans difficulté, mais par temps houleux les meilleures conditions sont obtenues en amérrissant face aux vagues. En se reportant aux figures 1, 3, on peut voir que le bateau selon l'invention comporte entre le haut du guide en forme de mât 2 et la coque 6 ou la cabine de pilotage 15, des paires de haubans 16, 17, 18, ridiges, en forme de plaques parallèles à l'axe longitudinal du bateau. Chaque paire de haubans est montée symétriquement par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du bateau, de façon à équilibrer les forces du vent de chaque côté du bateau et ainsi assurer une position stable dans le lit du vent.The boat must land in the best conditions. In calm weather the ditching is without difficulty, but in weather the best conditions are obtained by landing in front of the waves. Referring to Figures 1, 3, it can be seen that the boat according to the invention comprises, between the top of the mast-shaped guide 2 and the hull 6 or the cockpit 15, pairs of guy lines 16, 17, 18 , ridges, in the form of plates parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat. Each pair of shrouds is mounted symmetrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the boat, so as to balance the wind forces on each side of the boat and thus ensure a stable position in the wind bed.

Ces plaques montées en hauban 16, 17, 18, ont donc deux fonctions: celle de déflecteur et celle de hauban, car leur rigidité contribue aussi à raidir le guide en forme de mât contre les efforts lorsqu'il se produit un balancement du bateau.These stay-mounted plates 16, 17, 18 therefore have two functions: that of the deflector and that of the stay, because their rigidity also contributes to stiffening the mast-shaped guide against the forces when the boat swaying.

Les haubans 16, 17, 18 sont de forme générale trapézoidale mais cette forme est un exemple de réalisation. Ils sont fixés en haut sur le dispositif d'orientation et de compression 5, et en bas sur les bords extérieurs du bateau par leur grande base.The shrouds 16, 17, 18 are generally trapezoidal in shape, but this shape is an exemplary embodiment. They are fixed at the top on the orientation and compression device 5, and at the bottom on the outer edges of the boat by their large base.

Le bateau selon l'invention dans sa forme préférentielle est tracté verticalement par un cabestan 13. En se référant aux figures 1 à 5, on peut voir qu'entre le guide en forme de mât 2 et ledit cabestan 13 est disposé un vérin hydraulique 9 mouflé destiné à absorber la houle. Le moufle comporte quatre paires de poulies 12, antagonistes, identiques, montées orthogonalement les unes aux autres, autour d'un cylindre d'amortissement. Ceci permet d'utiliser un vérin de faible longueur, et donc de faible encombrement et par les nombreux brins de câbles, d'obtenir un grand débattement vertical en cas de forte houle.The boat according to the invention in its preferred form is towed vertically by a capstan 13. With reference to Figures 1 to 5, it can be seen that between the mast-shaped guide 2 and said capstan 13 is arranged a hydraulic cylinder 9 mouflé designed to absorb swell. The block has four pairs of pulleys 12, antagonistic, identical, mounted orthogonally to each other, around a damping cylinder. This makes it possible to use a jack of short length, and therefore of small footprint and by the numerous strands of cables, to obtain a large vertical clearance in the event of heavy swell.

Le moufle est logé horizontalement entre les coques 50, 51 du bateau dans une direction sensiblement parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du bateau. Dans cette disposition, le câble en sortie 4 du guide passe dans une poulie 19 de renvoi, dans chacune des huit poulies du moufle, et est relié ensuite au cabestan.The block is housed horizontally between the hulls 50, 51 of the boat in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the boat. In this arrangement, the cable at outlet 4 of the guide passes through a pulley 19 for deflection, in each of the eight pulleys of the block, and is then connected to the capstan.

L'amortisseur 9 est un vérin hydraulique relié à un circuit accumulateur de gaz comprimé 40 du type de celui décrit au brevet 82.15164, et est logé entre les coques. Il est représenté sur la figure 8 et comprend une vanne quart de tour 41, une vanne de réglage de débit d'huile 42 avec en parallèle une soupape de sécurité 43, et monté parallèlement au circuit un clapet de non retour 44. L'accumulateur 45 comprend une vessie 46 ou un piston libre séparant le gaz et l'huile. Une vanne de purge 48, un manomètre 47, et une réserve de gaz sous pression 49 reliée à l'accumulateur permettent de faire varier la pression initiale.The damper 9 is a hydraulic cylinder connected to a compressed gas accumulator circuit 40 of the type described in patent 82.15164, and is housed between the shells. It is shown in Figure 8 and includes a quarter-turn valve 41, an oil flow control valve 42 with a safety valve 43 in parallel, and mounted parallel to the circuit a non-return valve 44. The accumulator 45 comprises a bladder 46 or a free piston separating the gas and the oil. A purge valve 48, a pressure gauge 47, and a reserve of pressurized gas 49 connected to the accumulator make it possible to vary the initial pressure.

L'amortisseur doit pouvoir absorber la houle dans deux cas: lorsque le bateau amerrit, ou lorsque le bateau se pose sur le pont d'un navire. Et dans chacun des cas la pression initiale est différente:The shock absorber must be able to absorb swell in two cases: when the boat docks, or when the boat lands on the deck of a ship. And in each case the initial pressure is different:

- lorsque le bateau amerrit, le contact avec la mer peut être un choc, subi par toute la structure du bateau. L'amortisseur absorbe ce choc en soulageant le bateau d'une partie de son poids; la pression initiale correspond à ce soulagement;

  • - lorsque le bateau est utilisé en nacelle, il est solidarisé avec le navire en tendant le cable qui pend sous la coque sur le pont du navire; la pression initiale ne soulage pas le bateau de son poids, mais absorbe la variation de hauteur entre le pont soumis à la houle et la plate-forme fixe.
- when the boat docks, contact with the sea can be a shock, suffered by the entire structure of the boat. The shock absorber absorbs this shock by relieving the boat of part of its weight; the initial pressure corresponds to this relief;
  • - when the boat is used in a nacelle, it is secured to the ship by stretching the cable that hangs under the hull on the deck of the ship; the initial pressure does not relieve the boat of its weight, but absorbs the variation in height between the bridge subjected to the swell and the fixed platform.

La pression n'est donc pas la même dans les deux cas.The pressure is therefore not the same in both cases.

Le fonctionnement du bateau selon l'invention est le suivant:

  • Dans l'exemple choisi, la structure fixe est une plate-forme 20 mais elle pourrait être un navire.
The operation of the boat according to the invention is as follows:
  • In the example chosen, the fixed structure is a platform 20 but it could be a ship.

Le bateau est accroché à l'extrémité 21 d'une potence 22 et maintenu en position par le dispositif d'orientation et de compression 5,14.The boat is attached to the end 21 of a bracket 22 and held in position by the orientation and compression device 5.14.

La potence est une forme de réalisation d'un point fixe solidaire de la structure fixe 20 (plate-forme, navire, quai, ...) sur lequel il est possible d'accrocher l'extrémité supérieure du câble; mais on peut passer le câble sur ou dans le point fixe, le faire coulisser et l'accrocher sur le bateau de manière connue.The bracket is an embodiment of a fixed point secured to the fixed structure 20 (platform, ship, dock, ...) on which it is possible to hang the upper end of the cable; but you can pass the cable on or in the fixed point, slide it and hang it on the boat in a known way.

Dans l'exemple représenté, le point fixe est situé à l'extrémité du bras de la potence, en surplomb et à la verticale du guide 2 du bateau. La distance qui sépare la verticale et le bord de la plate-forme est sensiblement égale à la distance du mât à la poupe du bateau de telle manière que le bateau puisse aborber la plate-forme par le tableau arrière et que les passagers puissent entrer et descendre par l'arrière et que les passagers puissent entrer et descender par l'arrière.In the example shown, the fixed point is located at the end of the arm of the bracket, overhanging and vertically from the guide 2 of the boat. The distance between the vertical and the edge of the platform is substantially equal to the distance from the mast to the stern of the boat in such a way that the boat can approach the platform through the transom and that passengers can enter and descend from the rear and passengers can enter and descend from the rear.

Mais cette condition n'est pas limitative et l'on pourra avantageusement prévoir une passerelle de coupée de longueur variable pour adapter le système aux coupées de débarquement des différents types de navires connus.However, this condition is not limiting and it is advantageously possible to provide a gangway of variable length to adapt the system to the disembarkations of the different types of known ships.

Le câble passe au travers du dispositif d'orientation et de compression 5, 14 et est accroché à la potence par une amarre 23.The cable passes through the orientation and compression device 5, 14 and is hooked to the stem by a mooring 23.

lère cas: descente en mer.1st case: descent to sea.

Le bateau est en position d'attente, la course du piston dans le cylindre 9 du moufle est au maximum, les vannes 41,42 sont ouvertes.The boat is in the waiting position, the stroke of the piston in the cylinder 9 of the muffle is at the maximum, the valves 41, 42 are open.

Le pilote règle la pression initiale de l'accumulateur 45 à l'aide du manomètre 47 et de la vanne de purge 48. Le pilote met le moteur en marche et embraye le cabestan pour tendre le câble et immobiliser le bateau en compression. Il déverrouille alors le dispositif d'orientation et de compression 5, 14. Le câble est alors sous tension et le plateau d'orientation et de compression 5 à l'extrémité du guide en forme de mât repousse le plateau d'orientation et de compression 14 de la potence. Les passagers montent et s'installent dans le bateau. Le pilote amorce la descente.The pilot regulates the initial pressure of the accumulator 45 using the pressure gauge 47 and the purge valve 48. The pilot starts the engine and engages the capstan to tension the cable and immobilize the boat in compression. It then unlocks the orientation and compression device 5, 14. The cable is then under tension and the orientation and compression plate 5 at the end of the mast-shaped guide pushes the orientation and compression plate 14 of the gallows. Passengers board and settle in in the boat. The pilot begins the descent.

Le bateau, s'oriente dans le lit du vent et amerrit face aux vagues. Le contact avec l'eau s'effectue doucement grâce à l'amortisseur qui absorbe la réaction du poids du bateau sur l'eau.The boat turns in the bed of the wind and lands in front of the waves. The contact with the water takes place gently thanks to the shock absorber which absorbs the reaction of the weight of the boat on the water.

Le pilote décroche l'amarre 23 de son point de fixation supérieure à l'aide d'un dispositif connu en soi (câble secondaire, commande électromagnétique, acoustique ...), range le câble dans le bateau et s'éloigne de la plate-forme.The pilot unhooks line 23 from its upper attachment point using a device known per se (secondary cable, electromagnetic, acoustic control, etc.), stores the cable in the boat and moves away from the platform. -form.

2ème cas : montée depuis la mer juqu'à une plate-forme.2nd case: ascent from the sea to a platform.

Le bateau arrive à proximité d'une autre plate-forme. Le pilote lance le câble 8 sur le point fixe d'orientation et de compression 21 à l'aide d'un dispositif connu du type fusil-lance-amarre, et fixe solidement l'amarre 23. Le pilote embraye le moteur du bateau sur le cabestan qui en enroulant le câble, élève le bateau.The boat arrives near another platform. The pilot launches the cable 8 on the fixed point of orientation and compression 21 using a known device of the rifle-launcher type, and securely fixes the mooring 23. The pilot engages the engine of the boat on the capstan which, by winding the cable, lifts the boat.

Le bateau arrive en haut positionné dans le lit du vent. Au moment où les plateaux d'orientation et de compression 5 et 14 entrent en contact, le plateau 5 pivote automatiquement et présente la coupée de sortie en face de la passerelle. Le pilote comprime les plateaux 5 et 14 et immobilise le bateau.The boat arrives at the top positioned in the wind bed. When the orientation and compression plates 5 and 14 come into contact, the plate 5 pivots automatically and presents the exit section opposite the gangway. The pilot compresses the plates 5 and 14 and immobilizes the boat.

Les passagers descendent, les deux plateaux peuvent alors être verrouillés et le moteur arrêté. Le bateau est en position de repos.The passengers alight, the two trays can then be locked and the engine stopped. The boat is in the rest position.

3ème cas: variante: transbordement entre le pont d'un bateau et une plate-forme3rd case: variant: transhipment between the deck of a boat and a platform

Une variante de l'utilisation de ce bateau consiste à utiliser en nacelle de transbordement entre par exemple une plate-forme et une surface soumise à des forces de pilonnement, comme le pont d'un navire dans une mer houleuse. Dans cette variante illustrée figure 6, l'extrémité inférieure libre du câble est accrochée au point d'ancrage 31 à sécurité à rupture du pont 30 du navire. Ce point d'ancrage détaillé sur la figure 7 comporte un ressort 32 logé dans un cylindre, fermé par un piston mobile 33 et par le fond du cylindre. La tige 34 du piston est accrochée de manière connue à l'extrémité inférieure libre du câble 8. A l'extrémité opposée, le cylindre est percé de part en part de deux orifices de manière à y placer une clavette 35 à rupture reliée au pont.A variant of the use of this boat consists in using a transshipment basket between, for example, a platform and a surface subjected to heaving forces, such as the deck of a ship in rough seas. In this variant illustrated in FIG. 6, the free lower end of the cable is hooked to the anchoring point 31 with safety at break of the deck 30 of the ship. This anchoring point detailed in FIG. 7 comprises a spring 32 housed in a cylinder, closed by a movable piston 33 and by the bottom of the cylinder. The rod 34 of the piston is hooked in a known manner to the free lower end of the cable 8. At the opposite end, the cylinder is pierced right through with two orifices so as to place a key 35 with rupture connected to the bridge .

Le dispositif agit lorsque le cylindre 9 du moufle étant complètement comprimé, une surtension se produit. Si cette surtension est faible le ressort 32 se comprime. Si cette surtension dépasse une valeur prédéterminée, le ressort se comprime puis la clavette 35 se brise libérant le câble 8.The device acts when the cylinder 9 of the muffle being completely compressed, an overvoltage occurs. If this overvoltage is low, the spring 32 is compressed. If this overvoltage exceeds a predetermined value, the spring is compressed then the key 35 breaks freeing the cable 8.

Le fonctionnement en nacelle est le suivant: Le bateau est initialement en position d'attente, la course du piston dans le cylindre 9 du moufle est au maximum; les vannes 41 et 42 sont ouvertes.The operation in the nacelle is as follows: The boat is initially in the standby position, the stroke of the piston in the cylinder 9 of the muffle is at the maximum; the valves 41 and 42 are open.

Le pilote règle la pression initiale à la valeur indiquée par le constructeur pour un appontage. Le réglage se fait avec le manomètre 47 et la réserve de gaz 49. Ensuite il met en marche le moteur, embraye le cabestan dans la direction de levage pour tendre le cable et immobiliser le bateau en compression. Lorsque le piston est à mi-course dans le cylindre 9, on ferme la vanne quart de tour 41. Le réglage s'opère à l'aide du manomètre 47. On déverrouille le dispositif d'orientation et de compression 5, 14 (s'il y a lieu); les passagers montent et s'installent; le pilote amorce la descente. Après une descente d'environ dix mètres, le pilote arrête le bateau. Le navire de réception se place sous le bateau, et l'équipage attache le câble qui pend sous le bateau, au point d'ancrage 31. Le pilote ouvre la vanne quart de tour 41. Le gaz sous pression pousse le piston au maximum de sa course, ce qui tend le câble entre le bateau et le navire de réception 30. Le bateau simultanément remonte alors sur une hauteur d'environ dix mètres.The pilot sets the initial pressure to the value indicated by the manufacturer for a landing. The adjustment is made with the pressure gauge 47 and the gas reserve 49. Then it starts the engine, engages the capstan in the lifting direction to tension the cable and immobilize the boat in compression. When the piston is halfway in the cylinder 9, the quarter-turn valve 41 is closed. The adjustment is made using the pressure gauge 47. The orientation and compression device 5, 14 is unlocked (s 'there occurs); passengers board and settle in; the pilot begins the descent. After a descent of approximately ten meters, the pilot stopped the boat. The receiving vessel is placed under the boat, and the crew attaches the cable that hangs under the boat to the anchor point 31. The pilot opens the quarter-turn valve 41. The gas under pressure pushes the piston to the maximum of its course, which tends the cable between the boat and the receiving ship 30. The boat simultaneously ascends to a height of about ten meters.

La vanne de réglage de débit 42 permet, en limitant le débit d'huile d'atténuer la vitesse de remontée du bateau 1 au moment de l'ouverture de la vanne 41, cette vanne de réglage de débit 42 est bypassée par une soupape de sécurité 43.The flow control valve 42 allows, by limiting the oil flow to attenuate the ascent rate of the boat 1 at the time of opening of the valve 41, this flow control valve 42 is bypassed by a valve security 43.

Le bateau est alors solidaire des mouvements du navire de réception 30. Il suit les mêmes mouvements de la houle, et est donc immobile par rapport au navire. Tous les mouvements ascendants ou descendants dus à la houle sont absorbés par le moufle.The boat is then secured to the movements of the receiving ship 30. It follows the same movements of the swell, and is therefore stationary relative to the ship. All upward or downward movements due to the swell are absorbed by the muffle.

Le pilote reprend sa descente et se pose doucement sur le pont 30 du navire de réception. Les passagers descendent.The pilot resumed his descent and landed gently on deck 30 of the receiving ship. The passengers alight.

Pour éviter tout risque de glissement du bateau sur le pont 30, la surface extérieure de la coque du bateau 1 en contact avec le pont 30 est recouverte d'une matière antidérapante 11 qui peut aussi amortir l'appontement.To avoid any risk of the boat sliding on the deck 30, the exterior surface of the boat hull 1 in contact with the deck 30 is covered with a non-slip material 11 which can also cushion the jetty.

Dans le sens inverse d'un transfert de passagers du navire vers la plate-forme, le bateau repose initialement sur le pont 30 du navire. L'extrémité inférieure du cable 2 est accrochée au point d'ancrage 31 à sécurité à rupture du pont 30 et il est tendu.In the opposite direction to a transfer of passengers from the ship to the platform, the boat initially rests on the deck 30 of the ship. The lower end of the cable 2 is hooked to the anchor point 31 with safety at break of the bridge 30 and it is tensioned.

Le navire se place sensiblement sous le point fixe 21, on amarre le cable sur ce point fixe supérieur à l'aide d'un dispositif connu du type fusil-lance-amarre, et fige solidement l'amarre 23. La vanne quart de tour est ouverte, le piston est sorti au maximum de sa course du cylindre 9. Le pilote embraye le cabestan et tend le câble.The ship is placed substantially under the fixed point 21, the cable is moored on this upper fixed point using a known device of the rifle-launcher type, and solidly freezes the mooring 23. The quarter-turn valve is open, the piston has extended as far as possible from its stroke in cylinder 9. The pilot engages the capstan and tightens the cable.

Les passagers montent et le pilote amorce l'ascension du bateau. Au bout d'une distance approximativement égale à la distance crête à creux maximale de la houle, on ferme la vanne quart de tour 41. Au cours d'une période de remontée du navire sur la houle, il se crée du mou dans le cable situé entre le bateau et le navire car le piston de l'amortisseur hydraulique ne peut plus sortir sous l'effet du clapet de non retour 44 et de la vanne 41 fermée. L'équipage sur le navire libère alors le crochet 31 et le pilote poursuit son ascension. A environ dix mètres du point fixe de la plate-forme, le pilote ouvre la vanne quart de tour 41 et achève son ascension comme dans la montée précédemment décrite.The passengers board and the pilot begins to climb the boat. At the end of a distance approximately equal to the maximum peak-to-valley distance of the swell, the quarter-turn valve 41 is closed. During a period of lifting the ship onto the swell, slack is created in the cable located between the boat and the ship because the piston of the hydraulic shock cannot no longer exit under the effect of the non-return valve 44 and of the closed valve 41. The crew on the ship then releases the hook 31 and the pilot continues to climb. About ten meters from the fixed point of the platform, the pilot opens the quarter-turn valve 41 and completes its ascent as in the climb previously described.

Pour réaliser cette variante, on utilise avantageusement un bateau dont le fond 10 comporte des moyens permettant de reposer le bateau de façon stable sur la surface de réception. Ainsi dans l'exemple de réalisation de l'invention, on a représenté un catamaran mais cet exemple n'est pas limitatif et l'on peut utiliser un bateau monocoque à fond 10 plat muni d'un puits 52 pour le passage de l'extrémité inférieure libre du câble 8 ou un multicoque, mais le catamaran est préféré en ce qu'il présente un espace libre entre les coques pour l'installation des dispositifs de l'invention.To achieve this variant, a boat is advantageously used, the bottom 10 of which includes means making it possible to rest the boat stably on the receiving surface. Thus in the embodiment of the invention, a catamaran has been shown but this example is not limiting and it is possible to use a flat-bottomed monohull boat 10 provided with a well 52 for the passage of the free lower end of the cable 8 or a multihull, but the catamaran is preferred in that it has a free space between the hulls for the installation of the devices of the invention.

Le bateau peut être utilisé pour transferer du personnel d'exploitation d'une plate-forme à un navire et réciproquement, comme navette entre plusieurs plates-formes ou bâtiments marins, comme canot de sauvetage, ou bien encore débarquer des voyageurs sur une plage ou un pont flottant et en cela il résoud ainsi les problèmes de transfert de touristes d'un navire vers un endroit difficile d'accès.The boat can be used to transfer operating personnel from a platform to a ship and vice versa, as a shuttle between several platforms or marine vessels, as a lifeboat, or even to disembark travelers on a beach or a floating bridge and in this it thus solves the problems of transferring tourists from a ship to a difficult place to access.

Par ailleurs, l'utilisation du système de propulsion connu dit "water jet" est particulièrement avantageuse car:

  • - ce système améliore la stabilité du catamaran et augmente sa vitesse; il favorise donc le transfert de passagers,
  • - dès que le bateau s'élève, l'eau contenu dans le moteur, quitte le moteur et tombe dans la mer; le bateau est donc moins lourd ce qui soulage l'effort du moteur entraînant le cabestan,
  • - il n'y a pas d'arbre de transmission placé entre les coques: il est plus aisé de placer un ensemble moufle-amortisseur et câble.
Furthermore, the use of the known “water jet” propulsion system is particularly advantageous because:
  • - this system improves the stability of the catamaran and increases its speed; it therefore promotes the transfer of passengers,
  • - as soon as the boat rises, the water contained in the engine, leaves the engine and falls into the sea; the boat is therefore lighter which relieves the effort of the motor driving the capstan,
  • - there is no transmission shaft placed between the shells: it is easier to place a muffle-shock absorber and cable assembly.

Claims (17)

1. A trans-shipment boat (1) associated with a crane characterized in that:
- its hull (6) is provided with a rigid cylindrical and vertical hollow guide member (2) open at both ends (3,4 ) located approximately in vertical alignment with the boat's center of gravity, the linkage (7, 16, 17, 18) between the hull and the guide member being provided so that the guide member will be able to withstand large flexural strains,
- said boat (1) comiprses a cable (8) sliding through said guide member and cooperating with traction means (13) located below said guide so that when the upper end (23) of said cable is attached to an overhanging receiver platform (20) or ship (30) the boat can ascend and descend along this cable,
- the guide member (2) provides with its lower
(4) and upper (3) ends two contact areas which are sufficiently remote from each other for automatically generating on the taut cable an uprighting torque, thus ensurig horizontal stability of the boat during its ascent or descent travel.
2. A boat according to claim 1, characterized in that the rigid upright guide member (2) is capable of whitstanding vertical compression strains against the carrier structure (22) of the platform or ship so that the boat will be immobilized by such compression strains.
3. A boat according to claim 2, characterized in that the upper mouth (3) of said guide member comprises automatic orienting means (5) designed for cooperating with corresponding means (14) arranged on the reciver platform (20) or shop for quiding the boat's position relative to the platfom at the instant when the boat becomes immobilized.
4. A boat according to claim 3, characterized in that the rigid upright guiding member comprises orientation and compression means (5) designed for cooperating with corresponding means (14) arranged on the platform (20) or ship for supporting the weight of the boat (1) when this boat is not being used and when the cable is no longer subjected to the pull of the traction means.
5. A boat according to claim 4, characterized in that said orientation and compression means (5, 14) consist of two plates provided with spiral ramps comprising safety locking members, one of said plates (5) being mounted on the top (3) of the guide member and the other plate (14) being mounted on a carrier structure (22) of the platform or ship so as to use the vertical upward force for causing the boat (1 ) to pivot about the guide member axis, just before being immobilized.
6. A boat according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises means (16, 17, 18) for automatically orienting the boat hull in the eye of the wind so that said hull will face the wave when splashing down.
7. A boat according to claim 6, characterized in that the orientation means are shrouds (16,17,18) formed of rigid plates parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull.
8. A boat according to claim 7, characterized by the shrouds (16, 17, 18) having a general trapeze shape and being fixed to the hull (6) through their larger base.
9. A boat according to any of claims 1 to 8 characterized in that the traction means consist in a capstan (13) and that the cable is passed through an hydraulic damper unit (8) between the lower outlet (4) of the guide member and the capstan.
10. A boat according to claim 9, characterized in that the hydraulic damping system comprises a jack associated with tackle blocks (12).
11. A boat according to claim 10, characterized by the tackle blocks being formed of two opposed groups of four pulleys, the assembly of the hydraulic cylinder (9) and tackle blocks being arranged horizontally and approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis of the hull, the pulleys (12) in each block being placed at right angles around the hydraulic cylinder (9).
12. A boat according to claim 11, in which the hydraulic cylinder (8) is connected to a compressed gas accumulator circuit (40) comprising a valve (48) for setting the initial operating pressure.
13. A boat according to any of claims 1 to 12, characterized by the boat bottom comprising means which enable it to be supported steadily on a planar surface.
14. A boat according to claim 13, the hull of which is of the catamaran type.
15. A boat according to any of the above claims, characterized by the boat bottom (10) being provided with an opening (52) giving passage to the lower end of the cable (8) for allowing said cable end to be attached to a mooring point (31).
16. A boat according to claim 15, characterized by the lower end of the cable (8) being anchored by means of a hook comprising a safety release device (32 to 35) operating by severing.
EP86400274A 1985-02-15 1986-02-10 Vertically and horizontally transferable ship Expired EP0194175B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT86400274T ATE39238T1 (en) 1985-02-15 1986-02-10 VESSEL TO TRANSFER VERTICALLY AND HORIZONTALLY.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8502223 1985-02-15
FR8502223A FR2577510A1 (en) 1985-02-15 1985-02-15 VERTICAL AND HORIZONTAL TRANSHIPMENT BOAT

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EP0194175A1 EP0194175A1 (en) 1986-09-10
EP0194175B1 true EP0194175B1 (en) 1988-12-14

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US (1) US4739721A (en)
EP (1) EP0194175B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE39238T1 (en)
AU (1) AU5350086A (en)
DE (1) DE3661408D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2577510A1 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0194175A1 (en) 1986-09-10
US4739721A (en) 1988-04-26
AU5350086A (en) 1986-08-21
DE3661408D1 (en) 1989-01-19
ATE39238T1 (en) 1988-12-15
FR2577510A1 (en) 1986-08-22

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