EP2855252B1 - System for launching and retrieving submarine vehicles, in particular towed submarine vehicles - Google Patents
System for launching and retrieving submarine vehicles, in particular towed submarine vehicles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP2855252B1 EP2855252B1 EP13728697.7A EP13728697A EP2855252B1 EP 2855252 B1 EP2855252 B1 EP 2855252B1 EP 13728697 A EP13728697 A EP 13728697A EP 2855252 B1 EP2855252 B1 EP 2855252B1
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- ramp
- craft
- machine
- axis
- cable
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B21/00—Tying-up; Shifting, towing, or pushing equipment; Anchoring
- B63B21/56—Towing or pushing equipment
- B63B21/66—Equipment specially adapted for towing underwater objects or vessels, e.g. fairings for tow-cables
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/36—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for floating cargo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B27/00—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers
- B63B27/14—Arrangement of ship-based loading or unloading equipment for cargo or passengers of ramps, gangways or outboard ladders ; Pilot lifts
- B63B27/143—Ramps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
- B63G2008/002—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned
- B63G2008/005—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled
- B63G2008/007—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations unmanned remotely controlled by means of a physical link to a base, e.g. wire, cable or umbilical
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/001—Underwater vessels adapted for special purposes, e.g. unmanned underwater vessels; Equipment specially adapted therefor, e.g. docking stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63G—OFFENSIVE OR DEFENSIVE ARRANGEMENTS ON VESSELS; MINE-LAYING; MINE-SWEEPING; SUBMARINES; AIRCRAFT CARRIERS
- B63G8/00—Underwater vessels, e.g. submarines; Equipment specially adapted therefor
- B63G8/42—Towed underwater vessels
Definitions
- the invention is in the naval field and relates more specifically to handling systems and lifting mounted on ships, allowing the launching and recovery of marine gear or submarine from these vessels, the gear considered being both towed gear and autonomous gear, the latter then being provided with a temporary link during the launching and recovery phases.
- the invention relates more particularly to a system according to the preamble of claim 1.
- a system is known from the document US 7,712,429 B1 which represents the closest prior art.
- solutions generally implementing means that involve the intervention of human operators.
- a known solution consists in providing means of securing on the the hull of the machine, for example fixing rings, these fixing means being arranged in such a way that the machine can be lifted while keeping a horizontal position.
- the launching and the recovery can then, for example, be carried out by means of a winch mounted on a movable gantry placed at the rear of the ship, or a crane, the crane or the crane allowing to position the hoist winch above the recovery area.
- the launch and the lift are carried out vertically which limits the possibilities of collision with the ship during the descent or ascent.
- the lifting of the machine can be achieved by placing it in a nacelle type device itself having appropriate fixing points.
- This type of solution is applicable, notably independently, to gear towed by the medium but is however not easily applicable to the case of gear towed from the front, insofar as, for obvious reasons of efficiency, it is desired to perform the towing and handling of the machine from a single cable.
- Handling by means such as those described above using a single cable proves tricky because it is accompanied for the machine a passage from the vertical position to the horizontal position when setting the water and vice versa during recovery.
- This handling also requires additional operations whose object is, after lifting the machine and positioning above the deck of the ship, to rest the craft flat on the deck of the ship or more generally on a storage area. These operations themselves usually require the intervention of human operators, intervention which is made more delicate and more dangerous by strong sea.
- the generally preferred solution is to use a handling cable temporarily hung above the center of gravity of the machine.
- a solution also used provides a handling based on the establishment of means having an inclined ramp on which the machine slides to reach the surface of the water or to get out and return to the ship.
- the ramp is generally configured so as to guide the machine in a rectilinear path, which prevents the machine can follow a lateral movement.
- a ramp is not generally not suitable for use by high seas, lateral movements of the machine may then cause damage to it.
- the implementation of such means comprises a critical phase which is between the moment when the machine comes into contact with the ramp and that where it is completely placed on it. Indeed, the passage of the machine from the surface of the water to the ramp involves contacting the nose of the machine with the ramp, the entry into contact may occur, in particular agitated sea, with a certain hardness that can cause damage to the machine but also prevent the recovery of it.
- An object of the invention is to provide means for launching and recovering a marine or underwater craft in the safest possible manner, these means can be implemented fully automatically, without intervention or human supervision.
- An object of the invention is more particularly to propose means adapted to the handling underwater vehicles towed from the front or underwater gear not having means for vertical lifting, but being temporarily connected to traction means, a cable moved by a winch for example, during launching phases and recovery.
- the subject of the invention is a system for carrying out, including in rough seas, the launching and the automatic recovery of marine or submarine equipment from a moving carrier, of the type comprising a ramp. hinged articulated comprising a bottom and edges, first motor means for lowering and raising the ramp and traction means for controlling the slippage of the machine along the ramp when launching and hoist the boat. machine along the ramp during recovery, the ramp having an emerging end, and an end intended to be immersed, the first drive means being able to lower and raise the ramp so that the position of the end intended to being immersed varies between a submerged position where it is immersed in water and an emergent position for which the ramp is in a horizontal position.
- the axis of rotation of the ramp is located at a distance from the emerged end and the end intended to be submerged.
- the ramp also comprises buoyancy means configured and arranged on the ramp so that the free end of the ramp floats on the surface or near the surface of the water when the ramp is lowered.
- the bottom of the articulated ramp has an outer face forming a fairing having a sectional profile in the shape of a V or W so as to minimize the drag and lift forces imposed on the ramp by the movement of the vessel and the vertical dynamic movements caused by waves when its free end is in contact with water.
- reception and guidance means comprising a reception device configured to receive the end of the machine and stay in contact with the machine during the launching and recovery operations, the reception device being driven with the vehicle by the traction means.
- the reception device comprises vertical protection elements intended to offer a frontal support to the wings of the vehicle when its end is engaged in the reception device, the frontal support thus realized to contribute to the maintenance of the machine in the axis of the ramp.
- the axis of rotation of the ramp is located between the emerging end and the end intended to be immersed.
- edges of the ramp are configured to ensure, together with the fairing of the lower part of the ramp, the buoyancy of the free end of the ramp.
- edges of the ramp are configured to maintain the machine on the ramp and limit roll movements printed on the machine.
- the traction means comprising a traction cable driven by traction means.
- the system comprises means for deflecting the cable.
- the bottom has a slot through which the cable is likely to pass.
- the means for deflecting the cable comprise a pulley having a pulley axis coinciding with the axis of rotation of the ramp.
- the means for deflecting the cable comprise a cylinder portion having an axis coinciding with the axis of rotation of the ramp.
- the receiving and guiding means further comprise motor means configured so as to keep the receiving device in contact with the end of the machine as the latter progresses on the ramp.
- the axis of rotation of the ramp is movable in translation relative to the ship between a first position and a second position in front of the first position relative to the ship.
- the system comprises damping means on which the portion of the ramp located between the submergible end and the axis of rotation can rest when the ramp occupies the second position.
- the device according to the invention thus consists of a recovery system that advantageously makes it possible to limit the relative vertical movements between this system and the underwater vehicle, or marine, while the latter floats on the surface, in particular at the critical moment of the contact between these two entities during the recovery. It allows to put the vehicle into the water automatically from its storage position and then retrieve the machine after use and put it back in its storage position.
- the limitation of the vertical relative movements is obtained by means of a tilting ramp articulated in its upstream part and which has means of buoyancy in its rear mean that allow its free end to float to the surface. Furthermore, the streamlined underside of the ramp advantageously limits the impact of the speed of advance of the ship and the striking effects due to waves on the relative positioning of the rear end of the ramp relative to the surface of the beam. water for different sea conditions and speed with respect to water.
- front, rear, front and back are defined with respect to the ship and more precisely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the ship extending from the rear to the front of the ship.
- the ramp 11 is articulated to the ship 10 about an axis of rotation of the ramp x perpendicular to the main axis of the ramp.
- the axis of rotation x is located at the emergent end 111.
- the axis of rotation of the ramp x is horizontal.
- the horizontal plane is defined by the deck plan of the ship.
- horizontal axis is meant an axis parallel to the deck of the ship.
- the reception and guiding means may also comprise motor means (not present in the example of FIG. figure 1 ) configured such that the receiving element 13 is maintained in contact with the end of the machine 15 as the latter progresses on the ramp 11.
- motor means act for example by exerting some resistance to the progression of the fairlead towards the fixed end of the ramp.
- these motor means may for example consist of an auxiliary winch which pulls the reception device 13 (the fairlead) towards the free end 112 of the ramp 11 (downwards), via a cable returned by a pulley located at the free end of the ramp. Adjusting the tension of the auxiliary winch with respect to the tension generated by the towing winch 16 then makes it possible to maintain active maintenance of the contact between the machine 15 and the fairlead 13 during the ascent of the machine 15 along of the ramp 11, without however hindering the ascent.
- the machine can be secured to the host element when its end is inserted therein. In this case, the action of motor means becomes less necessary.
- Illustrations 2-a, 2-b and 2-c of the figure 2 illustrate an essential characteristic of the invention.
- Figure 2-a shows a schematic side view of the ramp 11, in a lowered configuration for which the free end 112 is immersed in water. This configuration corresponds to the implementation of the ramp during the launching operations and recovery of the machine 15.
- Figure 2-b shows for the same configuration (ramp down), a view of the ramp according to a horizontal section plane passing through the axis ⁇ 2 presented on the side view 2-a.
- illustration 2-c it shows a view of the ramp according to a vertical section plane passing through the axis ⁇ 1 presented on the side view 2-a and perpendicular to the axis of the ramp 11.
- the bottom 113 of the articulated ramp 11 comprises an outer face 21 intended to come into contact with the surface of the water, which forms a fairing whose sectional profile is defined, as illustrated by the views 2 b and 2-c, so as to minimize, when the free end of the ramp is in contact with the water (lowered ramp) in accordance with the schematic view 2-a, the drag and lift forces caused by the speed of advance of the ship on the one hand and to minimize the knocking effect caused by the waves on the other hand.
- the profile of the outer face 21 of the bottom 113 of the ramp 11 is defined so as to act in the manner of a breakwater to break the wave front likely to collide with the ramp 11, due to in particular the movement of the ship 10, before they reach the free end 112 of the ramp, and cause, at the rate of passage of the waves under the ramp 11, a sudden variation in the vertical position of the end free 112 of the ramp 111 relative to the surface of the surrounding water.
- This sudden variation would result in particular, in the absence of any compensation, by an uncontrolled variation of the vertical position of the end 112 of the ramp 11 relative to that of the end 151 of the machine 15, which may cause damage to the latter if it occurs as it approaches the ramp.
- the outer face 21 of the bottom 113 of the ramp 11 forms a fairing with a sectional section in the form of "V".
- this face 21 forms a fairing with a sectional profile in the shape of "W”.
- the device according to the invention makes it possible to safely recover an underwater vehicle, or marine, while the ship in charge of the recovery is advancing with a non-zero speed. by formed sea.
- the device is designed to be implemented from a moving ship, advantageously allows this vessel to be more manoeuvrable and limits the amplitude of its movements under the action of the movements of the sea. following, the use of a favorable course facing or back to the swell can greatly limit the roll movements.
- the forward speed of the carrier vessel 10 furthermore makes it possible, as said above, to stabilize more easily the positioning of the machine 15 in the axis of the ramp 11.
- the device according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be installed on a wide variety of vessels with different tonnages and shapes. It may also, depending on the application in question, include in addition to the essential characteristics described above, complementary elements allowing for example to facilitate its implementation in the operational context considered.
- the device according to the invention is for example placed between the two hulls of a catamaran type ship, preferably towards the rear of the ship.
- the machine 15 considered here is a towed underwater vehicle with wings 151 providing a depressant function.
- the size and constitution of these fins also makes them relatively fragile.
- the vehicle 15 is here towed by means of a towing cable 14, an electrotractor cable, for example; being able to be rolled up and unrolled by means of traction means 16, 161 comprising a winch of towing 16 shown on the Figures 4 to 7 .
- the system includes means 20 for deflecting the cable.
- the system also comprises means 20 for deflecting the cable from the traction means 16, 161 by limiting its transverse movement.
- the traction means 16, 161 apply, on the cable, a tensile force in a predetermined direction of traction
- the device 13 (fairlead) locally and simultaneously provides the functions of the means 161 and 20.
- the device presented comprises the essential constituent elements described above and in particular a narrow ramp 11 whose width corresponds to substantially to the section of the body of the machine, associated with buoyancy means whose action is essentially applied to the free end of the ramp and to receiving and guiding means constituted by the device 13.
- the outer face 21 of the bottom 113 forms a fairing.
- the ramp has a streamlined shape, shaped "V” or shaped "W”. This streamlined form is advantageously narrow.
- the careen form of the outer face 21 is by nature an aerodynamic shape.
- the ramp 11 is mounted on the ship by means of fastening means 17 allowing it to pivot relative to the ship about an axis of rotation x horizontal perpendicular to the main axis of the ramp and also perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the ship.
- the fastening means 17 are mounted on the end 111 of the ramp facing towards the front of the ship 10, which allows the end 112 of the ramp directed towards the rear to be free with respect to the movements of pitch of the carrier ship.
- the device (the fairlead) 13 comprises, in this example, vertical protection elements 131 on which the wings 151 of the machine rest when its end is engaged in the guide element 13, the support thus produced making it possible to contribute to the maintenance of the machine 15 in the axis of the ramp 11.
- the device according to the invention also comprises lifting means for raising the free end 112 of the ramp 11 in the event of non-use of the device, outside the launching and recovery periods of the machine in particular, and to bring the ramp 11 and, where appropriate, the machine 15 in a horizontal storage position, illustrated by the figure 3 , above the surface of the water.
- These additional means of lifting may consist, as illustrated by figure 1 , in a winch 18 which synchronously winds and unwinds two cables 181 and 182.
- the cables 181 and 182 are returned by pulleys placed on a gantry 19 and are fixed on each side of the ramp 11, preferably close to the free end 112.
- the upper position of the ramp is for example determined by a system of stops positioned on the gantry. The low position is not identified by a locking stop because the ramp is desired floating.
- edges 114 and 115 of the ramp 11 in addition to being configured to ensure the buoyancy of the free end 112 of the ramp 11, are also configured to form support elements. longitudinal semi-rigid. The thickness of the edges is then adapted to the dimensions of the machine 15 considered, so that when this machine is installed on the ramp 11, its body rests on the means 12 while its wings 151 rest on the edges 114 and 115 on which they slide.
- the device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to carry out the operations of launching and recovering marine gear, or submarines, particularly towed gear, without intervention. human for mooring or handling is necessary.
- the ramp 11 thus lowered advantageously ensures, thanks to the means ensuring the buoyancy of its free end 112 and to its fairing, the holding in position of the reception and guiding means, and in particular of the entry of the device 13 (fairlead) , at the level of the surface of the sea whatever the height of the waves.
- the fairlead 13 thus follows the surface of the water as well as the towed craft 15 which floats on the surface.
- the machine 15 can be towed to a position where it comes into contact with the fairlead 13 while these two elements are positioned substantially at the same height. In this way, the end of the machine 15 can fit into the fairlead 13 with a minimal risk of violent frontal and vertical shock.
- the device 13 is equipped with vertical protection elements 131 bringing the wings 151 of the machine 15 into contact with these vertical elements 151 promotes the refocusing of the machine 15 in the axis of the ramp 11 at the moment of contact
- the presence of these vertical elements makes it possible moreover to limit the movements of yaw, yaw and yaw of the machine 15 when the contact is established completely with the device 13.
- the assembly thus rises along the ramp, by sliding or rolling on it, towards the fixed end 111, the receiving element 131 being kept in contact with the end of the machine by the means engines previously described
- the device according to the invention may comprise a complementary means, a rigid arm for example, allowing immobilize the machine relative to the docking device 13 and therefore with respect to the ramp.
- the craft can from this stable position be detached from the towing cable 14 and placed on an area dedicated storage.
- the action of the lifting means during the transit phases is limited to ensuring the maintenance of the ramp in the raised position.
- the launching maneuver of the machine is a reverse maneuver from that of recovery.
- the machine 15 being positioned on the ramp 11, it is lowered, the lifting means ensuring a controlled descent of the free end 112 of the ramp 11 to the surface of the water.
- the free part of the ramp 11, still equipped with the towed vehicle 15, floats by sinking slightly below the surface of the water at its rear end 112.
- the towing winch 16 is actuated so as to release the craft 15 which slides along the ramp 11 under the action of its own weight, or in the alternative embodiment described above, under the action motor means which act on the receiving device 13 until completely leaving the ramp 11, the end of the machine 15 and the fairlead 13 then being separated.
- the lifting means are preferably maintained in tension so as to prevent the lifting cables 181 and 182 being relaxed from having a "slack", that is to say a loosening , detrimental to the proper execution of the operation.
- FIG. 4 to 7 other exemplary embodiments of the system according to the invention are shown.
- the ramp is installed on a ship 10 which is, this time, monocoque.
- the elements and means described above can be integrated into the examples of Figures 4 to 7 with the exception of the arrangement of the end 111 relative to the ship and more particularly with respect to the axis of rotation of the ramp x. Certain elements such as the means 12, 1011 have however not been represented on these Figures 4 to 7 to clarify more.
- the axis of rotation of the ramp x with respect to the ship 10 is located at a distance from the emerged end 111.
- the axis x is more particularly located between the end intended to be immersed 112 and the emerged end 111 of the ramp 11.
- the axis of rotation x is located between the two ends 111, 112, at a distance from these two ends 111, 112. This characteristic is also reproduced on the figures 5 , 6 and 7a to 7d . It makes it possible to bring the center of gravity of the ramp closer to its axis of rotation x, which makes it easier to lift and lower the boom.
- the ramp 11 is provided with floats 30 fixed on the edges 114 and 115.
- the system comprises means for deflecting the cable.
- These means are arranged so as to return the traction cable 14, and more particularly the part of the cable 14 situated between the means for deflecting the cable and the machine 15, in a direction different from that situated between the traction means 16, 161 and these means for deflecting the cable.
- These means for deflecting the cable thus play the role of deflector for the cable.
- the means for deflecting the cable comprises a pulley 200 to deflect the traction cable 14 when it bears on the pulley.
- the circular shape of the pulley makes it possible to ensure a circular inflection of the cable.
- the radius of the pulley is chosen so as to ensure a circular inflection of the cable radius sufficient to not damage the cable and in particular its internal conductors son.
- the pulley is arranged so that its axis, called the axis of the pulley, coincides with the axis of rotation x of the ramp.
- the means for deflecting the cable comprise a cylinder portion 20 on which the cable 14 is able to slide.
- the cylinder portion 20 is advantageously a cylinder portion having an opening angle of less than 360 °.
- the cylinder portion 20 is arranged so that its axis coincides with the axis of rotation x of the ramp.
- the cylinder portion is fixed, either relative to the ship or relative to the ramp.
- the cylinder 20 is integral with the ramp and rotatable relative to the vessel about the axis of rotation x.
- the means for deflecting the cable comprises a pulley 200.
- the pulley 200 is positioned on the ramp 11 so that the pulley axis p is located at a distance from the axis of rotation x of the ramp. More specifically, in this example the pulley 200 is mounted at the emerged end 111 of the ramp.
- lifting means for raising and lowering the end 112 of the ramp are not shown.
- These motor means are conventional means for the skilled person. It can be lifting means as described above.
- lifting means comprising, as visible on the figures 7a and 7b , a hoisting winch 18 capable of synchronously winding and unwinding two cables 181 and 182.
- the lifting cables 181, 182 are fixed at the emergent end 111 of the ramp.
- the hoisting ropes 181, 182 are attached to each side of the notch 116 at the edges 114, 115. This arrangement is more suitable for monohull vessels.
- the winch 18 is installed in front of the ramp 11.
- the ramp 11 of the figure 4 shown in plan view the ramp 11 of the figure 4 .
- the ramp 11 has a general shape of slide or gutter with a bottom 113 and edges 114 and 115 whose height is determined in particular according to the size and geometry of the machine manipulated 15
- the bottom 113 has a slot 116 in which is inserted the pulley 200.
- the pulley 200 is articulated to the ramp 11 about the axis of rotation x.
- the slot 116 is arranged so that the portion of the cable 14 located between the traction means 16, 161 and the pulley 200 can pass through the slot.
- the slot 116 thus allows the traction cable 14 to reach the pulley 200 without deflection between the traction means of the wire 16, 161 and the pulley 200 that the ramp is inclined relative to the horizontal (position lowered) or that it is in the raised position (that is to say, it extends parallel to the horizontal plane.)
- This slot 116 is advantageously present in the embodiment of the Figures 7a to 7d .
- the bottom 113 has, as shown on the Figures 2a to 2c , a continuous outer face 21 ducted as described above, on the part of the ramp 11 which is likely to be immersed. This is the part behind the pulley 200.
- FIG. 7a to 7d another example of a system according to the invention is shown diagrammatically. It differs from that of the figure 4 in that the axis of rotation x of the ramp 11 with respect to the ship 10 is movable in translation with respect to the ship in a horizontal direction d. In this way, the axis of rotation x is movable in translation relative to the ship between a first position shown on the figures 7a and 7b and a second position in front of the first position on the deck of the ship.
- the system according to the invention comprises displacement means 201 for moving the ramp relative to the ship in a horizontal translation direction d between its first and second position.
- This direction d is advantageously located in a plane parallel to the main axis of the ramp.
- the displacement means 201 are arranged so that when the axis of rotation of the ramp occupies its second position, the end 112 does not protrude at the rear of the ship. This protects the ramp during transport thereof by means of the ship 10.
- the displacement means 201 here comprise a carriage 202 and rails 203.
- the ramp is articulated to a carriage around the axis of rotation of the ramp.
- the carriage 202 is movable in translation relative to the ship in the direction of translation d between a first position and a second position in front of the first position on the deck of the ship. More particularly, the carriage is movable along the guide rails 203 extending in the direction of translation d.
- the ramp 11 is in the lowered position and the end 112 is immersed.
- the machine 15 is in the water, is pulled by the traction cable 14 and is in contact with the receiving device 13 which is disposed at the end 112 of the ramp.
- the carriage 202 occupies its first position in which the axis of rotation of the ramp x occupies its first position at the rear of the deck of the ship.
- the ramp is in the raised position, the machine 15 has been hoisted on the ramp. Furthermore, the carriage 202 occupies its second position in which the axis of rotation of the ramp x occupies its second position in front of its first position on the deck of the ship 10. It is said that the ramp occupies its storage position.
- the device according to the invention comprises damping means 204 arranged so that the part of the ramp located between its axis of rotation and the end 112 rests on these damping means when the carriage occupies its second position. This avoids the deterioration of the ramp and to ensure better stability of the ramp, when in the raised position.
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Description
L'invention se situe dans le domaine naval et concerne plus précisément les systèmes de manutention et de levage montés sur des navires, permettant la mise à l'eau et la récupération d'engins marins ou sous-marins depuis ces navires, les engins considérés étant aussi bien des engins remorqués que des engins autonomes, ces derniers étant alors munis d'un lien temporaire pendant les phase de mise à l'eau et de récupération.The invention is in the naval field and relates more specifically to handling systems and lifting mounted on ships, allowing the launching and recovery of marine gear or submarine from these vessels, the gear considered being both towed gear and autonomous gear, the latter then being provided with a temporary link during the launching and recovery phases.
L'invention concerne plus particulièrement un système selon le préambule de la revendication 1. Un tel système est connu du document
Les opérations de mise à la mer et de récupération d'un engin marin ou sous-marin depuis un navire chargé par ailleurs du transport de cet engin, comporte généralement une phase critique, surtout par mer agitée, qui concerne le passage de l'état totalement émergé où l'engin est solidaire des moyens de manutention utilisés, à l'état totalement immergé où l'engin n'a plus de lien avec ceux-ci; et inversement. En effet, c'est durant ces phases critiques que les mouvements de houle sont les plus dangereux pour l'intégrité de l'engin, celui-ci étant balloté par la houle alors qu'il se trouve dans une zone de la surface où il est susceptible de venir heurter durement soit la structure du navire, soit celle des moyens de levage et de manutention.The operations of launching and recovering a marine or submarine craft from a ship otherwise loaded with the transport of this craft, generally involves a critical phase, especially in rough sea, which concerns the passage of the state. totally emerged where the craft is attached to the handling means used, in the fully submerged state where the craft no longer has any connection with them; and vice versa. Indeed, it is during these critical phases that the swell movements are the most dangerous for the integrity of the machine, the latter being buoyed by the swell while it is in an area of the surface where it is likely to hit hard either the ship's structure, or that of the lifting and handling means.
C'est en particulier le cas pour un engin autonome dans la phase de mise à l'eau ou de récupération, lorsque, l'engin étant déjà dans l'eau ou encore dans l'eau, ses mouvements ne sont pas encore (ou ne sont plus) complètement maitrisés par les moyens de levage et de manutention. C'est également le cas pour un engin tracté dans les phases où le câble de remorquage le maintient à proximité de la coque du navire alors que ses mouvements ne sont pas encore (ou ne sont plus) complètement maitrisés par les moyens de levage et de manutention.This is particularly the case for an autonomous machine in the launching or recovery phase, when, the craft being already in the water or in the water, its movements are not yet (or are no longer) completely mastered by the lifting and handling means. This is also the case for a machine towed in the phases where the towing cable keeps it close to the hull of the ship while its movements are not yet (or no longer) completely mastered by the lifting and lifting means. handling.
Pour limiter ces risques de collision, il existe des solutions connues, solutions mettant généralement en oeuvre des moyens qui impliquent l'intervention d'opérateurs humains.To limit these risks of collision, there are known solutions, solutions generally implementing means that involve the intervention of human operators.
Ainsi, en ce qui concerne les engins autonomes, non tractés par le navire, une solution connue consiste à prévoir des moyens d'arrimage sur la coque de l'engin, par exemple des anneaux de fixation, ces moyens de fixation étant agencés de telle façon que l'engin puisse être levé en gardant une position horizontale. La mise à l'eau et la récupération peut alors, par exemple, être réalisée au moyen d'un treuil monté sur un portique mobile placé à l'arrière du navire, ou encore une grue, le portique ou la grue permettant de positionner le treuil de levage au dessus de la zone de récupération. Par suite la mise à l'eau et la remontée s'effectuent à la verticale ce qui limite les possibilités de collision avec le navire pendant la descente ou la remontée. Alternativement le levage de l'engin peut être réalisé en plaçant celui-ci dans un dispositif de type nacelle comportant lui-même des points de fixation appropriés.Thus, with regard to autonomous gear, not towed by the ship, a known solution consists in providing means of securing on the the hull of the machine, for example fixing rings, these fixing means being arranged in such a way that the machine can be lifted while keeping a horizontal position. The launching and the recovery can then, for example, be carried out by means of a winch mounted on a movable gantry placed at the rear of the ship, or a crane, the crane or the crane allowing to position the hoist winch above the recovery area. As a result, the launch and the lift are carried out vertically which limits the possibilities of collision with the ship during the descent or ascent. Alternatively the lifting of the machine can be achieved by placing it in a nacelle type device itself having appropriate fixing points.
Ce type de solution est applicable, notamment de manière autonome, à des engins remorqués par le milieu mais n'est cependant pas facilement applicable au cas des engins remorqués par l'avant, dans la mesure où, pour des raisons évidentes d'efficacité, on souhaite réaliser le tractage et la manutention de l'engin à partir d'un câble unique. Une manutention par des moyens tels que ceux décrits précédemment en utilisant un câble unique s'avère délicate du fait qu'elle s'accompagne pour l'engin d'un passage de la position verticale à la position horizontale lors de la mise à l'eau et inversement lors de la récupération. Cette manutention nécessite en outre des opérations complémentaires qui ont pour objet, après levage de l'engin et positionnement au dessus du pont du navire, de reposer l'engin à plat sur le pont du navire ou plus généralement sur une aire de stockage. Ces opérations nécessitent elles-mêmes généralement l'intervention d'opérateurs humains, intervention qui est rendu plus délicate et plus dangereuse par mer forte.This type of solution is applicable, notably independently, to gear towed by the medium but is however not easily applicable to the case of gear towed from the front, insofar as, for obvious reasons of efficiency, it is desired to perform the towing and handling of the machine from a single cable. Handling by means such as those described above using a single cable proves tricky because it is accompanied for the machine a passage from the vertical position to the horizontal position when setting the water and vice versa during recovery. This handling also requires additional operations whose object is, after lifting the machine and positioning above the deck of the ship, to rest the craft flat on the deck of the ship or more generally on a storage area. These operations themselves usually require the intervention of human operators, intervention which is made more delicate and more dangerous by strong sea.
Par suite, en ce qui concerne les engins remorqués par l'avant, la solution généralement préférée consiste à utiliser un câble de manutention accroché temporairement au-dessus du centre de gravité de l'engin.As a result, for the gear towed from the front, the generally preferred solution is to use a handling cable temporarily hung above the center of gravity of the machine.
Une solution également utilisée prévoit une manutention basée sur la mise en place de moyens comportant une rampe inclinée sur laquelle glisse l'engin pour rejoindre la surface de l'eau ou pour en sortir et retourner sur le navire. La rampe est généralement configurée de façon à assurer le guidage de l'engin selon une trajectoire rectiligne, ce qui évite que l'engin puisse suivre un déplacement latéral. Cependant, une telle rampe n'est généralement pas adaptée à un usage par forte mer, des déplacements latéraux de l'engin pouvant alors occasionner des dommages à celui-ci.A solution also used provides a handling based on the establishment of means having an inclined ramp on which the machine slides to reach the surface of the water or to get out and return to the ship. The ramp is generally configured so as to guide the machine in a rectilinear path, which prevents the machine can follow a lateral movement. However, such a ramp is not generally not suitable for use by high seas, lateral movements of the machine may then cause damage to it.
L'utilisation de tels moyens permet avantageusement de réaliser la mise à la mer et le déploiement de l'engin derrière le navire simplement en laissant filer le câble de remorquage et, inversement, de récupérer l'engin à bord du navire simplement en enroulant le câble, sur le tambour d'un treuil par exemple. La mise à l'eau et la récupération de l'engin peuvent alors par ailleurs être réalisées alors que le navire est en mouvement, de sorte que l'engin, trainé par le navire se positionne naturellement dans l'axe de progression de celui-ci.The use of such means advantageously allows the launching and deployment of the craft behind the ship simply by letting the towing cable spin and, conversely, recover the craft aboard the ship simply by winding the cable, on the drum of a winch for example. The launching and recovery of the craft can then be carried out while the ship is in motion, so that the craft, dragged by the ship is naturally positioned in the axis of progression of the this.
Néanmoins, la mise en oeuvre de tels moyens comporte une phase critique qui se situe entre le moment où l'engin entre en contact avec la rampe et celui où il est complètement posé sur celle-ci. En effet, le passage de l'engin de la surface de l'eau à la rampe implique l'entrée en contact du nez de l'engin avec la rampe, l'entrée en contact pouvant se produire, par mer agitée notamment, avec une certaine dureté qui peut occasionner des dommages à l'engin mais également empêcher la remontée de celui-ci.Nevertheless, the implementation of such means comprises a critical phase which is between the moment when the machine comes into contact with the ramp and that where it is completely placed on it. Indeed, the passage of the machine from the surface of the water to the ramp involves contacting the nose of the machine with the ramp, the entry into contact may occur, in particular agitated sea, with a certain hardness that can cause damage to the machine but also prevent the recovery of it.
Pour pallier ces difficultés d'entrée en contact, diverses solutions ont été développées, solutions généralement adaptées à un type d'engin donné. Ces solutions connues consistent généralement à renforcer la structure de l'engin, le nez principalement de façon à ce que celui-ci résiste aux chocs consécutifs à l'entrée en contact avec l'extrémité de la rampe. Elle consiste également à mettre en oeuvre des moyens permettant de minimiser ces chocs, en particulier en configurant la rampe de façon à ce que son extrémité se trouve située sous la surface de l'eau de telle sorte que l'engin flottant en surface entre en contact avec la surface inclinée de la rampe et non avec son extrémité. De telles solutions s'avèrent néanmoins insuffisantes par mer forte, l'effet de tossage (ou de "slamming" selon la dénomination anglo-saxonne) des vagues étant alors renforcé par le mouvement du navire.To overcome these difficulties of contact, various solutions have been developed, solutions generally adapted to a given type of gear. These known solutions generally consist in reinforcing the structure of the machine, the nose mainly so that it resists shocks resulting from coming into contact with the end of the ramp. It also consists in implementing means making it possible to minimize these shocks, in particular by configuring the ramp so that its end is situated under the surface of the water so that the floating craft on the surface enters contact with the inclined surface of the ramp and not with its end. Such solutions are nevertheless insufficient in strong sea, the effect of slamming (or "slamming" according to the Anglo-Saxon name) waves being then reinforced by the movement of the ship.
Un but de l'invention consiste à proposer des moyens permettant de mettre à l'eau et de récupérer un engin marin ou sous-marin de la manière la plus sûre possible, ces moyens pouvant être mis en oeuvre de manière entièrement automatique, sans intervention ou surveillance humaine. Un but de l'invention est plus particulièrement de proposer des moyens adaptés à la manutention d'engins sous-marins tractés par l'avant ou d'engins sous-marins ne comportant pas de moyens permettant un levage vertical, mais étant temporairement reliés à des moyens de traction, un câble mu par un treuil par exemple, lors des phases de mise à l'eau et récupération.An object of the invention is to provide means for launching and recovering a marine or underwater craft in the safest possible manner, these means can be implemented fully automatically, without intervention or human supervision. An object of the invention is more particularly to propose means adapted to the handling underwater vehicles towed from the front or underwater gear not having means for vertical lifting, but being temporarily connected to traction means, a cable moved by a winch for example, during launching phases and recovery.
A cet effet l'invention a pour objet un système pour effectuer, y compris par mer agitée, la mise à l'eau et la récupération automatique d'engin marin ou sous-marin depuis un navire porteur en mouvement, du type comportant une rampe articulée inclinable comportant un fond et des bords, des premiers moyens moteurs pour abaisser et relever la rampe et des moyens de traction permettant de contrôler le glissement de l'engin le long de la rampe lors de la mise à l'eau et de hisser l'engin le long de la rampe lors de la récupération, la rampe présentant une extrémité émergée, et une extrémité destinée à être immergée, les premiers moyens moteurs étant aptes à abaisser et relever la rampe de façon que la position de l'extrémité destinée à être immergée varie entre une position immergée où elle est plongée dans l'eau et une position émergée pour laquelle la rampe se trouve en position horizontale. L'axe de rotation de la rampe est situé à distance de l'extrémité émergée et de l'extrémité destinée à être immergée. La rampe comporte également des moyens de flottabilité configurés et agencés sur la rampe de telle sorte que l'extrémité libre de la rampe flotte en surface ou à proximité de la surface de l'eau lorsque la rampe est abaissée. Le fond de la rampe articulée présente une face externe formant un carénage présentant un profil en coupe en forme de V ou de W de façon à minimiser les efforts de traînée et de portance imposés à la rampe par le mouvement du navire et les mouvements dynamiques verticaux provoqués par les vagues lorsque son extrémité libre est en contact avec l'eau. Le système comporte en outre des moyens d'accueil et de guidage comportant un dispositif d'accueil configuré pour accueillir l'extrémité de l'engin et rester en contact avec l'engin pendant les opérations de mise à l'eau et de récupération, le dispositif d'accueil étant entrainé avec l'engin par les moyens de traction. Le dispositif d'accueil comporte des éléments de protection verticaux destinés à offrir un appui frontal à des ailes de l'engin lorsque son extrémité est engagée dans le dispositif d'accueil, l'appui frontal ainsi réalisé permettant de contribuer au maintien de l'engin dans l'axe de la rampe.To this end, the subject of the invention is a system for carrying out, including in rough seas, the launching and the automatic recovery of marine or submarine equipment from a moving carrier, of the type comprising a ramp. hinged articulated comprising a bottom and edges, first motor means for lowering and raising the ramp and traction means for controlling the slippage of the machine along the ramp when launching and hoist the boat. machine along the ramp during recovery, the ramp having an emerging end, and an end intended to be immersed, the first drive means being able to lower and raise the ramp so that the position of the end intended to being immersed varies between a submerged position where it is immersed in water and an emergent position for which the ramp is in a horizontal position. The axis of rotation of the ramp is located at a distance from the emerged end and the end intended to be submerged. The ramp also comprises buoyancy means configured and arranged on the ramp so that the free end of the ramp floats on the surface or near the surface of the water when the ramp is lowered. The bottom of the articulated ramp has an outer face forming a fairing having a sectional profile in the shape of a V or W so as to minimize the drag and lift forces imposed on the ramp by the movement of the vessel and the vertical dynamic movements caused by waves when its free end is in contact with water. The system further comprises reception and guidance means comprising a reception device configured to receive the end of the machine and stay in contact with the machine during the launching and recovery operations, the reception device being driven with the vehicle by the traction means. The reception device comprises vertical protection elements intended to offer a frontal support to the wings of the vehicle when its end is engaged in the reception device, the frontal support thus realized to contribute to the maintenance of the machine in the axis of the ramp.
Avantageusement, l'axe de rotation de la rampe est situé entre l'extrémité émergée et l'extrémité destinée à être immergée.Advantageously, the axis of rotation of the ramp is located between the emerging end and the end intended to be immersed.
Avantageusement, les bords de la rampe sont configurés pour assurer, conjointement avec le carénage de la partie inférieure de la rampe, la flottabilité de l'extrémité libre de la rampe.Advantageously, the edges of the ramp are configured to ensure, together with the fairing of the lower part of the ramp, the buoyancy of the free end of the ramp.
Avantageusement, les bords de la rampe sont configurés pour assurer le maintien de l'engin sur la rampe et limiter les mouvements de roulis imprimés à l'engin.Advantageously, the edges of the ramp are configured to maintain the machine on the ramp and limit roll movements printed on the machine.
Avantageusement, les moyens de tractions comportant un câble de traction entraîné par des moyens de traction.Advantageously, the traction means comprising a traction cable driven by traction means.
Avantageusement, le système comprend des moyens pour dévier le câble.Advantageously, the system comprises means for deflecting the cable.
Avantageusement, le fond présente une fente à travers laquelle le câble est susceptible de passer.Advantageously, the bottom has a slot through which the cable is likely to pass.
Avantageusement, les moyens pour dévier le câble comprennent une poulie présentant un axe de poulie confondu avec l'axe de rotation de la rampe.Advantageously, the means for deflecting the cable comprise a pulley having a pulley axis coinciding with the axis of rotation of the ramp.
Avantageusement, les moyens pour dévier le câble comprennent une portion de cylindre présentant un axe confondu avec l'axe de rotation de la rampe.Advantageously, the means for deflecting the cable comprise a cylinder portion having an axis coinciding with the axis of rotation of the ramp.
Avantageusement, les moyens d'accueil et de guidage comportent en outre des moyens moteurs configurés de façon à maintenir le dispositif d'accueil en contact avec l'extrémité de l'engin tant que ce dernier progresse sur la rampe.Advantageously, the receiving and guiding means further comprise motor means configured so as to keep the receiving device in contact with the end of the machine as the latter progresses on the ramp.
Avantageusement, l'axe de rotation de la rampe est mobile en translation par rapport au navire entre une première position et une deuxième position située devant la première position par rapport au navire.Advantageously, the axis of rotation of the ramp is movable in translation relative to the ship between a first position and a second position in front of the first position relative to the ship.
Avantageusement, le système comprend des moyens d'amortissement sur lesquels la partie de la rampe située entre l'extrémité susceptible d'être immergée et l'axe de rotation peut reposer lorsque la rampe occupe la deuxième position.Advantageously, the system comprises damping means on which the portion of the ramp located between the submergible end and the axis of rotation can rest when the ramp occupies the second position.
Le dispositif selon l'invention consiste ainsi en un système de récupération permettant avantageusement de limiter les mouvements relatifs verticaux entre ce système et l'engin sous-marin, ou marin, alors que celui-ci flotte en surface, en particulier au moment critique du contact entre ces deux entités lors de la récupération. Il permet de mettre l'engin à l'eau automatiquement depuis sa position de stockage puis de récupérer cet engin après usage et de le replacer dans sa position de stockage.The device according to the invention thus consists of a recovery system that advantageously makes it possible to limit the relative vertical movements between this system and the underwater vehicle, or marine, while the latter floats on the surface, in particular at the critical moment of the contact between these two entities during the recovery. It allows to put the vehicle into the water automatically from its storage position and then retrieve the machine after use and put it back in its storage position.
La limitation des mouvements relatifs verticaux est obtenue par l'intermédiaire d'une rampe inclinable articulée dans sa partie amont et qui comporte des moyens de flottabilité dans sa partie arrière moyens qui permettent à son extrémité libre de flotter à la surface. Par ailleurs, la face inférieure carénée de la rampe limite avantageusement l'impact de la vitesse d'avance du navire et des effets de tossage dus aux vagues sur le positionnement relatif de l'extrémité arrière de la rampe par rapport à la surface de l'eau, et ce, pour différentes conditions de mer et de vitesse par rapport à l'eau.The limitation of the vertical relative movements is obtained by means of a tilting ramp articulated in its upstream part and which has means of buoyancy in its rear mean that allow its free end to float to the surface. Furthermore, the streamlined underside of the ramp advantageously limits the impact of the speed of advance of the ship and the striking effects due to waves on the relative positioning of the rear end of the ramp relative to the surface of the beam. water for different sea conditions and speed with respect to water.
Les caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention seront mieux appréciés au travers de la description qui suit, description qui présente un exemple de réalisation particulier, exemple non limitatif de la portée de l'invention. Cette description s'appuie sur les figures annexées qui représentent:
- la
figure 1 , et lafigure 1 a , une vue schématique générale d'un exemple de réalisation particulier du système selon l'invention représentant la rampe en position abaissée; - les
figures 2a, 2b, 2c , des vues schématiques partielles, selon différents plans, relatives aux caractéristiques hydrodynamiques de la rampe constituant le dispositif selon l'invention; - la
figure 3 , une vue schématique générale d'un exemple de réalisation particulier du système selon l'invention représentant la rampe en position relevée, - la
figure 4 représente schématiquement une vue de côté d'un autre exemple du système selon l'invention dans lequel la rampe est en position abaissée, - la
figure 5 représente schématiquement une vue de côté d'un autre exemple du système selon l'invention dans lequel la rampe est en position abaissée, - la
figure 6 représente schématiquement une vue de dessus du système de lafigure 4 , - les
figures 7a à 7d , représentent schématiquement un autre exemple du système selon l'invention en vue de côté dans laquelle la rampe est abaissée (7a), en vue de dessus dans laquelle la rampe est abaissée (7b) et dans laquelle la rampe est relevée et en position de stockage (7c en vue de côté et 7d en vue de dessus).
- the
figure 1 , and thefigure 1 a , a general schematic view of a particular embodiment of the system according to the invention showing the ramp in the lowered position; - the
Figures 2a, 2b, 2c partial schematic views, in different planes, relating to the hydrodynamic characteristics of the ramp constituting the device according to the invention; - the
figure 3 , a general schematic view of a particular embodiment of the system according to the invention showing the ramp in the raised position, - the
figure 4 schematically represents a side view of another example of the system according to the invention in which the ramp is in position lowered - the
figure 5 schematically represents a side view of another example of the system according to the invention in which the ramp is in the lowered position, - the
figure 6 schematically represents a top view of the system of thefigure 4 , - the
Figures 7a to 7d , schematically represent another example of the system according to the invention in side view in which the ramp is lowered (7a), seen from above in which the ramp is lowered (7b) and in which the ramp is raised and in position of storage (7c in side view and 7d in top view).
Dans la suite du texte, les termes avant, arrière, devant et derrière sont définies par rapport au navire et plus précisément par rapport à l'axe longitudinal du navire s'étendant de l'arrière vers l'avant du navire.In the rest of the text, the terms front, rear, front and back are defined with respect to the ship and more precisely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the ship extending from the rear to the front of the ship.
Comme cela a été dit précédemment, la description qui suit présente plusieurs exemples de réalisation du dispositif selon l'invention, exemples non limitatif de la portée de l'invention. Ces exemples de réalisation présentent à la fois les caractéristiques essentielles de l'invention ainsi que des caractéristiques additionnelles liées aux modes de réalisation considérés.As has been said above, the following description presents several embodiments of the device according to the invention, non-limiting examples of the scope of the invention. These exemplary embodiments have both the essential characteristics of the invention as well as additional features related to the embodiments considered.
La
- une rampe articulée 11 carénée située de préférence à l'arrière du navire et présentant une première extrémité ou extrémité émergée 111 et une deuxième extrémité
ou extrémité libre 112. L'extrémité émergée 111 de la rampe est liée au porteur en laissant au moins libre un degré de rotation autour d'un axe horizontal perpendiculaire à l'axe principal de la rampe de sorte que l'extrémitélibre 112, qui est aussi appelée extrémité destinée à être immergée 112, peut être levée ou abaissée à la manière d'un pont levis.
- a faired hinged
ramp 11 preferably located at the rear of the vessel and having a first end or emergedend 111 and a second end orfree end 112. The emergingend 111 of the ramp is connected to the carrier leaving at least one degree of rotation about a horizontal axis perpendicular to the main axis of the ramp so that thefree end 112, which is also called the end intended to be submerged 112, can be raised or lowered in the manner of a drawbridge.
Autrement dit la rampe 11 est articulée au navire 10 autour d'un axe de rotation de la rampe x perpendiculaire à l'axe principal de la rampe. Sur la
L'axe de rotation de la rampe x est horizontal.The axis of rotation of the ramp x is horizontal.
Le plan horizontal est défini par le plan du pont du navire. Par axe horizontal, on entend un axe parallèle au pont du navire.The horizontal plane is defined by the deck plan of the ship. By horizontal axis is meant an axis parallel to the deck of the ship.
Selon l'invention, la rampe 11 présente une forme générale de toboggan ou de gouttière avec un fond 113 et des bords 114 et 115 dont la hauteur est notamment déterminée en fonction de la taille et de la géométrie de l'engin manipulé 15.
- des moyens 12 montés sur la rampe et destinés à favoriser la progression de l'engin le long de la rampe, sous l'action de la traction exercée par le câble (récupération) ou par gravité (mise à l'eau). Ces moyens sont par exemple des rouleaux ou des galets roulants disposés latéralement sur le fond 113 de la rampe et sur lesquels roule l'engin 15.
- des moyens d'accueil et de guidage dont la fonction est d'assurer un alignement de l'engin sur l'axe de la rampe de façon à permettre un glissement ou un roulement correct de l'engin tout au long de son cheminement sur la rampe (en montée ou en descente). Ces moyens comprennent, par exemple, comme illustré sur la
figure 1 ,un dispositif 13 faisant office de chaumard, à l'intérieur duquel passe le câble detraction 14 de l'engin. Cet élément est configuré pour se mouvoir le long de la rampe 11, par exemple sur des rails disposé le long de l'axe longitudinal de celle-ci (non représentés sur lesfigures 1 et3 mais représentés sur lesfigures 4 ,7b et7d ). - des moyens de flottabilité dont le rôle principal est de faire en sorte que l'extrémité
libre 112 de la rampe puisse se maintenir naturellement à la surface de l'eau en l'absence de vagues ou pour des vagues de grande longueur d'onde par rapport aux dimensions du système de récupération. Dans l'exemple de réalisation de lafigure 1 ces moyens sont constitués par des flotteurs latéraux formant les bords 114et 115 de la rampe, ainsi que par le fond de la rampe formant la partie carénage. Cependant dans une forme de réalisation alternative ces moyens peuvent consister simplement en des flotteurs 30 fixés sur la rampe 11, sur la partie de la rampe qui est susceptible d'être immergée, comme représenté sur lesfigures 4 ,5 ,7a et7c . ou au niveau de l'extrémitélibre 112, ou par toute autre combinaison de moyens appropriés. Les éléments deprotection verticaux 131 peuvent également faire partie des moyens de flottabilité. En phase de mise à l'eau ou de remontée de l'engin à bord du navire, l'extrémité 151 de l'engin, solidaire du câble detraction 14, est insérée à l'intérieur de l'élément 13 et reste en contact étroit avec celui-ci, ce qui a pour effet avantageux de maintenir l'axe du véhicule dans l'axe de la rampe 11 pendant sa progression le long de cette dernière.
- means 12 mounted on the ramp and intended to promote the progression of the machine along the ramp, under the action of the traction exerted by the cable (recovery) or by gravity (launching). These means are for example rollers or rollers arranged laterally on the
bottom 113 of the ramp and on which themachine 15 rolls. - receiving and guiding means whose function is to ensure alignment of the machine on the axis of the ramp so as to allow a proper sliding or rolling of the machine throughout its path on the ramp (uphill or downhill). These means include, for example, as illustrated on the
figure 1 , adevice 13 acting as a fairlead, inside which passes thetraction cable 14 of the machine. This element is configured to move along theramp 11, for example on rails arranged along the longitudinal axis thereof (not shown in FIGS.figures 1 and3 but represented on thefigures 4 ,7b and7d ). - buoyancy means whose main role is to ensure that the
free end 112 of the ramp can be naturally maintained on the surface of the water in the absence of waves or for waves of long wavelength by compared to the dimensions of the recovery system. In the exemplary embodiment of thefigure 1 these means are constituted by lateral floats forming the 114 and 115 of the ramp, and by the bottom of the ramp forming the fairing portion. However, in an alternative embodiment these means may consist simply ofedges floats 30 fixed on theramp 11, on the portion of the ramp which is capable of being immersed, as shown in FIGS.figures 4 ,5 ,7a and7c . or at thefree end 112, or by any other combination of suitable means. Thevertical protection elements 131 may also be part of the buoyancy means. In the launching or raising phase of the craft on board the ship, theend 151 of the craft, secured to thetraction cable 14, is inserted inside theelement 13 and remains in position. close contact with it, which has the advantageous effect of maintaining the axis of the vehicle in the axis of theramp 11 during its progression along the latter.
Ce maintien en contact est naturellement obtenu dans la mesure où l'élément d'accueil 13 est un élément massif que son poids tend à faire descendre le long de la rampe s'opposant ainsi à la progression du poisson lors de sa remontée et facilitant sa descente.This maintenance is naturally obtained to the extent that the
Cependant dans une mode de réalisation particulier les moyens d'accueil et de guidage peuvent également comporter des moyens moteurs (non présents dans l'exemple de la
Selon le mode de réalisation considéré, ces moyens moteurs peuvent par exemple consister en un treuil auxiliaire qui tire le dispositif d'accueil 13 (le chaumard) vers l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe 11 (vers le bas), par l'intermédiaire d'un câble renvoyé par une poulie située au niveau de l'extrémité libre de la rampe. L'ajustement de la tension du treuil auxiliaire par rapport à la tension générée par le treuil de remorquage 16 permet alors de conserver un maintien actif du contact entre l'engin 15 et le chaumard 13 lors de la remontée de l'engin 15 le long de la rampe 11, sans cependant contrarier la remontée.According to the embodiment considered, these motor means may for example consist of an auxiliary winch which pulls the reception device 13 (the fairlead) towards the
Alternativement, selon un autre mode de réalisation, l'engin peut être rendu solidaire de l'élément d'accueil lorsque son extrémité est insérée dans celui-ci. Dans ce cas, l'action de moyens moteurs devient moins nécessaire.Alternatively, according to another embodiment, the machine can be secured to the host element when its end is inserted therein. In this case, the action of motor means becomes less necessary.
Les illustrations 2-a, 2-b et 2-c de la
Selon cette caractéristique, le fond 113 de la rampe articulée 11 comprend une face externe 21, destinée à entrer en contact avec la surface de l'eau, qui forme un carénage dont le profil en coupe est défini, comme l'illustrent les vues 2-b et 2-c, de façon à minimiser, lorsque l'extrémité libre de la rampe est en contact avec l'eau (rampe abaissée) conformément à la vue schématique 2-a, les efforts de traînée et de portance provoqués par la vitesse d'avance du navire d'une part et à minimiser l'effet de tossage provoqué par les vagues d'autre part. Autrement dit, le profil de la face externe 21 du fond 113 de la rampe 11 est défini de façon à agir à la manière d'un brise lame pour briser le front des vagues susceptible d'entrer en collision avec la rampe 11, du fait notamment du mouvement du navire 10, avant que celles-ci n'atteignent l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe, et ne provoquent, au rythme du passage des vagues sous la rampe 11, une brusque variation de la position verticale de l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe 111 par rapport à la surface de l'eau environnante. Cette brusque variation se traduirait notamment, en l'absence de toute compensation, par une variation incontrôlée de la position verticale de l'extrémité 112 de la rampe 11 relativement à celle de l'extrémité 151 de l'engin 15, ce qui peut occasionner des dommages à ce dernier si elle se produit au moment où il aborde la rampe.According to this characteristic, the
Dans une forme particulière de réalisation, illustrée par la
Avantageusement, la mise en oeuvre d'une rampe 11 équipée de moyens de flottabilité qui agissent principalement sur l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe de façon à maintenir celle-ci à une position donnée par rapport à la surface de l'eau, en surface ou faiblement immergée par exemple, et dont la face inférieure 21 présente le profil en coupe défini précédemment, permet de minimiser deux effets importants:
- la remontée dynamique de l'extrémité
libre 112 de la rampe 11 au-dessus de la surface (effet de surf) lié à la résistance de la rampe à l'avance du navire et à la portance de la rampe: ce phénomène, consécutif à la vitesse du navire, est de nature à rendre difficile une entrée en contact sans heurt de l'extrémité de l'engin 15 dans le chaumard 13 en particulier lors des opérations de récupération de l'engin 15; - les mouvements dynamiques verticaux, brusques, suivis
par l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe 11 consécutifs notamment à l'effet de tossage provoqué par les vagues en particulier en présence de vagues courtes (effet conjugué d'une déflexion de l'eau et d'un rappel hydrostatique important), mouvement qui est également de nature à rendre difficile une entrée en contact sans heurt de l'extrémité de l'engin 15 dans le chaumard 13 en particulier lors des opérations de récupération de l'engin 15 et qui peuvent avoir pour effet complémentaire de faire sursauter l'engin alors qu'il est installé sur la rampe et d'engendrer des heurts contre le fond de la rampe pouvant l'endommager.
- the dynamic rise of the
free end 112 of theramp 11 above the surface (surf effect) related to the resistance of the ramp in advance of the vessel and the lift of the ramp: this phenomenon, consecutive to the speed of the ship, is likely to make it difficult to come into smooth contact with the end of themachine 15 in thefairlead 13 in particular during recovery operations of themachine 15; - vertical dynamic movements, abrupt, followed by the
free end 112 of theramp 11 consecutive including the effect of knocking caused by the waves especially in the presence of short waves (combined effect of a deflection of water and water). an important hydrostatic booster), a movement which is also likely to make it difficult to come into smooth contact with the end of themachine 15 in thefairlead 13, in particular during the recovery operations of themachine 15 and which may have the additional effect of causing the machine to jump when it is installed on the ramp and cause clashes against the bottom of the ramp may damage it.
La minimisation de ces deux effets, obtenue par la mise en oeuvre de l'invention, représente ainsi un facteur essentiel pour limiter les occasions de chocs importants entre l'engin 15 et la rampe 11, notamment durant la phase où l'engin se rapproche de la rampe et où son extrémité, tractée par le câble, est en passe de pénétrer dans le chaumard 13 pour s'installer sur la rampe 11 et durant les phases où l'engin glisse le long de la rampe. Ce facteur est en particulier essentiel dans la mesure où la mise à l'eau et la récupération de l'engin sont effectuées alors que, de façon à assurer une bonne stabilité d'ensemble, le navire est maintenu en mouvement.The minimization of these two effects, obtained by the implementation of the invention, thus represents an essential factor for limiting the opportunities for significant shocks between the
Ces deux moyens complémentaires, moyens de flottabilité et carénage de la face externe de la rampe, assurent ainsi avantageusement un positionnement vertical stable par rapport à la surface de l'extrémité arrière 112 de la rampe 11 et par conséquent du dispositif d'accueil 13, en particulier pendant la phase critique où l'engin se rapproche du navire 10 pour s'installer sur la rampe.These two complementary means, buoyancy means and fairing of the outer face of the ramp, thus advantageously provide stable vertical positioning with respect to the surface of the
Ainsi, grâce aux caractéristiques essentielles décrites dans le texte qui précède, le dispositif selon l'invention permet de récupérer d'une manière sûre un engin sous-marin, ou marin, alors que le navire chargé de la récupération avance avec une vitesse non nulle par mer formée.Thus, thanks to the essential characteristics described in the foregoing text, the device according to the invention makes it possible to safely recover an underwater vehicle, or marine, while the ship in charge of the recovery is advancing with a non-zero speed. by formed sea.
Le fait que le dispositif soit conçu pour être mise en oeuvre à partir d'un navire en mouvement, permet avantageusement à ce navire d'être plus manoeuvrant et limite l'amplitude de ses mouvements sous l'action des mouvements de la mer. Par suite, l'utilisation d'un cap favorable face ou dos à la houle permet de limiter fortement les mouvements de roulis. La vitesse d'avance du navire porteur 10 permet en outre, comme cela a été dit précédemment, de stabiliser plus facilement le positionnement de l'engin 15 dans l'axe de la rampe 11.The fact that the device is designed to be implemented from a moving ship, advantageously allows this vessel to be more manoeuvrable and limits the amplitude of its movements under the action of the movements of the sea. following, the use of a favorable course facing or back to the swell can greatly limit the roll movements. The forward speed of the
Le dispositif selon l'invention présente par ailleurs l'avantage de pouvoir être installé sur une grande variété de navires présentant des tonnages et des formes variés. Il peut également, en fonction de l'application considérée, comporter outre les éléments caractéristiques essentiels décrits précédemment, des éléments complémentaires permettant par exemple de faciliter sa mise en oeuvre dans le contexte opérationnel considéré.The device according to the invention also has the advantage of being able to be installed on a wide variety of vessels with different tonnages and shapes. It may also, depending on the application in question, include in addition to the essential characteristics described above, complementary elements allowing for example to facilitate its implementation in the operational context considered.
Dans l'exemple de mise en oeuvre de la
Le système comprend également des moyens 20 permettant de dévier le câble, depuis les moyens de traction 16, 161 en limitant son débattement transversal. Les moyens de traction 16, 161 appliquent, sur le câble, un effort de traction selon une direction de traction prédéterminéeThe system also comprises means 20 for deflecting the cable from the traction means 16, 161 by limiting its transverse movement. The traction means 16, 161 apply, on the cable, a tensile force in a predetermined direction of traction
Par ailleurs le dispositif 13 (chaumard) assure localement et simultanément les fonctions des moyens 161 et 20. Conformément à ce qui a été exposé précédemment, le dispositif présenté comporte les éléments constitutifs essentiels décrits précédemment et en particulier une rampe 11 étroite dont la largeur correspond sensiblement à la section du corps de l'engin, associée à des moyens de flottabilité dont l'action est essentiellement appliquée sur l'extrémité libre de la rampe et à des moyens d'accueil et de guidage constitués par le dispositif 13. De même, la face externe 21 du fond 113 forme un carénage. Avantageusement, la rampe présente une forme carénée, en forme de "V" ou en forme de « W ». Cette forme carénée est avantageusement étroite.Moreover, the device 13 (fairlead) locally and simultaneously provides the functions of the
La forme carénée de la face externe 21 est par nature une forme aérodynamique.The careen form of the
Sur la
Par ailleurs en ce qui concerne les moyens d'accueil et de guidage, le dispositif (le chaumard) 13 comporte, dans cet exemple, des éléments de protection verticaux 131 sur lesquels s'appuient les ailes 151 de l'engin lorsque son extrémité est engagée dans l'élément de guidage 13, l'appui ainsi réalisé permettant de contribuer au maintien de l'engin 15 dans l'axe de la rampe 11.Moreover, with regard to the reception and guiding means, the device (the fairlead) 13 comprises, in this example,
Dans l'exemple de réalisation illustré par la
Ces moyens complémentaires de levage peuvent consister, comme l'illustre la
Par ailleurs, dans cet exemple de réalisation, les bords 114 et 115 de la rampe 11, outre qu'ils sont configurés pour assurer la flottabilité de l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe 11, sont également configurés pour former des éléments d'appui longitudinal semi-rigides. L'épaisseur des bords est alors adaptée aux dimensions de l'engin 15 considéré, de façon à ce que, lorsque cet engin est installé sur la rampe 11, son corps repose sur les moyens 12 tandis que ses ailes 151 reposent sur les bords 114 et 115 sur lesquelles elles glissent.Moreover, in this embodiment, the
Il est à noter que bien que la stabilité de la position verticale de l'extrémité arrière 112 de la rampe par rapport à la surface de l'eau soit normalement assurée, en optimisant les propriétés hydrostatiques (masse, volume) et hydrodynamiques de la rampe, par la présence des moyens de flottabilité et par le profil en coupe de la carène formée par le fond 113 de la rampe 11, il est néanmoins possible, pour certaines applications particulières, de compléter l'action de ces moyens en asservissant la position dans le plan vertical de l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe à l'aide de moyen complémentaires, par exemple de vérins, ou encore en utilisant des moyens de levage capables de réaliser cet asservissement, ces moyens pouvant être ceux utilisés pour relever la rampe et la maintenir en position relevée.It should be noted that although the stability of the vertical position of the
D'un point de vue opérationnel, le dispositif selon l'invention permet avantageusement d'effectuer les opérations de mise à l'eau et de récupération d'engins marins, ou sous-marins, des engins tractés particulièrement, sans qu'une intervention humaine pour l'amarrage ou la manutention soit nécessaire.From an operational point of view, the device according to the invention advantageously makes it possible to carry out the operations of launching and recovering marine gear, or submarines, particularly towed gear, without intervention. human for mooring or handling is necessary.
Ainsi, pour récupérer un engin après usage, il suffit d'abaisser l'extrémité libre de la rampe 11, initialement en position horizontale, en actionnant le moteur 18 des moyens de levage.Thus, to recover a machine after use, it is sufficient to lower the free end of the
La rampe 11 ainsi abaissée assure avantageusement, grâce aux moyens assurant la flottabilité de son extrémité libre 112 et à son carénage, le maintien en position des moyens d'accueil et de guidage, et en particulier de l'entrée du dispositif 13 (chaumard), au niveau de la surface de la mer quelle que soit la hauteur des vagues. Le chaumard 13 suit ainsi la surface de l'eau au même titre que l'engin remorqué 15 qui flotte en surface.The
De ce fait, l'engin 15 peut être tracté jusqu'à une position où il entre en contact avec le chaumard 13 alors que ces deux éléments sont positionnés sensiblement à une même hauteur. De la sorte, l'extrémité de l'engin 15 peut s'insérer dans le chaumard 13 avec un risque minime de choc vertical et frontal violent.As a result, the
L'extrémité de l'engin 15 étant alors insérée dans le dispositif 13, le mouvement de progression du navire 10 a pour effet de conduire l'engin à se positionner, par inertie, selon l'axe longitudinal de la rampe 11. Par ailleurs, si comme dans l'exemple de réalisation de la
Un positionnement correct de l'engin vis-à-vis de la rampe étant alors assuré, la remontée proprement dite du véhicule 15 sur la rampe 11 peut ainsi être effectuée en continuant d'actionner le treuil de remorquage 16, le mouvement de l'engin 15 entrainant celui du chaumard 13 au travers duquel passe le câble de remorquage 14 et dans lequel son extrémité 15 est insérée tandis que les ailes 151 de l'engin 15 prennent un appui frontal.A correct positioning of the machine vis-à-vis the ramp then being ensured, the actual ascent of the
L'ensemble remonte ainsi le long de la rampe, en glissant ou en roulant sur celle-ci, vers l'extrémité fixe 111, l'élément d'accueil 131 étant maintenu en contact avec l'extrémité de l'engin par les moyens moteurs décrits précédemmentThe assembly thus rises along the ramp, by sliding or rolling on it, towards the
Par suite, à mesure que l'engin monte et sort de l'eau, le contact entre l'engin 15 et la rampe 11 devient de plus en plus étroit. La rampe 11 s'alourdit de sorte qu'elle s'enfonce dans l'eau et s'incline. Les heurts entre l'engin et la rampe se trouvent alors atténués notamment du fait de l'inclinaison accentué de la rampe consécutive au poids de l'engin. Par ailleurs, l'appui des ailes 151 sur les bords 114 et 115 de la rampe permet de limiter l'éventuel roulis de l'engin lors de cette remontée. Le tangage de l'engin est quant à lui progressivement atténué jusqu'à devenir nul lorsque la poussée d'Archimède devient insuffisante pour lever l'engin par rapport à la rampe 11. L'engin 15 est alors complètement en appui sur la rampe 11 et ses six degrés de liberté sont maîtrisés.As a result, as the machine moves up and out of the water, the contact between the
Il est à noter que dans un mode de réalisation particulier, adapté à un fonctionnement par forte mer engendrant des accélérations verticales relatives de plus de 1 g le dispositif selon l'invention peut comporter un moyen complémentaire, un bras rigide par exemple, permettant de d'immobiliser l'engin par rapport au dispositif d'accueil 13 et donc par rapport à la rampe.It should be noted that in a particular embodiment, adapted to a high-sea operation generating relative vertical accelerations of more than 1 g, the device according to the invention may comprise a complementary means, a rigid arm for example, allowing immobilize the machine relative to the
Selon l'invention, dès lors que l'engin 15 repose entièrement sur la rampe 11, il est possible de ramener la rampe 11 en position horizontale à l'aide des moyens de levage.According to the invention, since the
Par suite l'engin 15 étant posé de manière stable sur la rampe 11, il est possible en adoptant une configuration dite de "transit", illustrée par la
Alternativement, dans la mesure où des moyens de manutention appropriés sont disponibles à bord du navire, l'engin peut à partir de cette position stable être détaché du câble de remorquage 14 et placé sur une aire de stockage dédiée. Dans ce cas l'action des moyens de levage pendant les phases de transit se limite à assurer le maintien de la rampe en position relevée.Alternatively, to the extent that appropriate handling means are available on board the ship, the craft can from this stable position be detached from the towing
D'un point de vue opérationnel, la manoeuvre de mise à l'eau de l'engin constitue une manoeuvre inverse de celle de récupération.From an operational point of view, the launching maneuver of the machine is a reverse maneuver from that of recovery.
Ainsi, durant cette manoeuvre, l'engin 15 étant positionné sur la rampe 11, celle-ci est abaissée, les moyens de levage assurant une descente contrôlée de l'extrémité libre 112 de la rampe 11 vers la surface de l'eau. Une fois l'extrémité libre 112 complètement descendue, la partie libre de la rampe 11, encore équipée de l'engin remorqué 15, flotte en s'enfonçant légèrement au dessous de la surface de l'eau au niveau de son extrémité arrière 112. Par suite le treuil de remorquage 16 est mis en action de façon à libérer l'engin 15 qui glisse le long de la rampe 11 sous l'action de son propre poids, ou dans la forme alternative de réalisation décrite précédemment, sous l'action des moyens moteurs qui agissent sur le dispositif d'accueil 13, jusqu'à quitter complètement la rampe 11, l'extrémité de l'engin 15 et le chaumard 13 étant alors séparés.Thus, during this maneuver, the
Durant la phase de libération de l'engin, les moyens de levage sont préférentiellement maintenus en tension de façon à éviter que les câbles de levage 181 et 182 se trouvant détendus ne présentent un "mou", c'est-à-dire un relâchement, préjudiciable à la bonne exécution de l'opération.During the release phase of the machine, the lifting means are preferably maintained in tension so as to prevent the lifting
Sur les
Sur la
Sur cet exemple, la rampe 11 est munie de flotteurs 30 fixés sur les bords 114 et 115.In this example, the
Dans l'exemple de la
Sur cet exemple les moyens pour dévier le câble comprennent une poulie 200 permettant de dévier le câble de traction 14 lorsque celui-ci vient en appui sur la poulie. La forme circulaire de la poulie permet d'assurer une inflexion circulaire du câble. Le rayon de la poulie est choisi de façon à assurer une inflexion circulaire du câble de rayon suffisant pour ne pas endommager le câble et notamment ses fils conducteurs internes. La poulie est agencée de façon que son axe, appelé axe de la poulie, soit confondu avec l'axe de rotation x de la rampe.In this example the means for deflecting the cable comprises a
Dans l'exemple représenté à la
La portion de cylindre 20 est agencée de façon que son axe soit confondu avec l'axe de rotation x de la rampe. La portion de cylindre est fixe, soit par rapport au navire, soit par rapport à la rampe. Dans l'exemple représenté par la
Il est également possible d'installer ce type de portion de cylindre 20 sur le mode de réalisation de la
Le fait que l'axe de la poulie 200 ou de la portion du cylindre 20 soit confondu avec l'axe de rotation de la rampe x permet de rendre les mouvements de la rampe insensibles à la tension du câble de remorquage 14. Cela s'explique par le fait que l'effort F exercé par le câble de traction 14 sur les moyens d'appui 20 ou 200, résultant de la tension du câble, passe par l'axe de la poulie ou de la portion de cylindre. Cet effort passe donc, dans ces deux exemples, par l'axe de rotation de la rampe x et ceci quelque soit l'inclinaison de la rampe.The fact that the axis of the
Sur la
Sur les
Sur la
La fente 116 est agencée de façon que la partie du câble 14 située entre les moyens de traction 16, 161 et la poulie 200 puisse passer à travers la fente. La fente 116 permet ainsi au câble de traction 14 d'atteindre la poulie 200 sans déviation entre les moyens de traction du fil 16, 161 et la poulie 200 que la rampe soit inclinée par rapport à l'horizontale (position abaissée) ou qu'elle soit en position relevée (c'est-à-dire qu'elle s'étende parallèlement au plan horizontal. Cette fente 116 est avantageusement présente dans le mode de réalisation des
En revanche, le fond 113 présente, comme représenté sur les
Sur les
Dans cet exemple, le système selon l'invention comprend des moyens de déplacement 201 permettant de déplacer la rampe par rapport au navire selon une direction horizontale de translation d entre sa première et sa deuxième position. Cette direction d est avantageusement située dans un plan parallèle à l'axe principal de la rampe.In this example, the system according to the invention comprises displacement means 201 for moving the ramp relative to the ship in a horizontal translation direction d between its first and second position. This direction d is advantageously located in a plane parallel to the main axis of the ramp.
Avantageusement, les moyens de déplacement 201 sont agencés de façon que lorsque l'axe de rotation de la rampe occupe sa deuxième position l'extrémité 112 ne fait pas saillie à l'arrière du navire. Cela permet de protéger la rampe lors du transport de celle-ci au moyen du navire 10. Les moyens de déplacement 201 comprennent ici un chariot 202 et des rails 203.Advantageously, the displacement means 201 are arranged so that when the axis of rotation of the ramp occupies its second position, the
Sur l'exemple des
Sur les
Sur les
Avantageusement, le dispositif selon l'invention comprend des moyens d'amortissement 204 agencés de façon à ce que la partie de la rampe située entre son axe de rotation et l'extrémité 112 repose sur ces moyens d'amortissement lorsque le chariot occupe sa deuxième position. Cela permet d'éviter la détérioration de la rampe et d'assurer une meilleure stabilité de la rampe, lorsqu'elle est en position relevée.Advantageously, the device according to the invention comprises damping means 204 arranged so that the part of the ramp located between its axis of rotation and the
Claims (12)
- System for carrying out, including in the event of rough seas, the launch and automatic recovery of a seaborne or underwater craft (15) from a moving carrier ship (10), of the type comprising an inclinable articulated ramp (11) comprising a base (113) and edges (114, 115), first drive means (18, 181, 182) for lowering and raising the ramp and traction means (14, 16) which allow control of the sliding of the craft (15) along the ramp (11) during the launch and raising of the craft (15) along the ramp (11) during the recovery, the ramp (11) having an end (111) above water and an end which is intended to be immersed (112), the first drive means being capable of lowering and raising the ramp so that the position of the end intended to be immersed varies between an immersed position, in which it is introduced into the water, and a position above water, for which the ramp is located in a horizontal position, characterised in that the rotation axis (x) of the ramp is located remote from the end (111) above water and the end (112) which is intended to be immersed, in that the ramp (11) also comprises buoyancy means which are configured and arranged on the ramp in such a manner that the free end of the ramp floats at the surface or near the surface of the water when the ramp is lowered, and in that the base (113) of the articulated ramp (11) has an outer face (21) forming a fairing having a sectional profile of V-like or W-like form, the system comprising receiving and guiding means comprising a receiving device (13) which is configured to receive the end of the craft (15) and to remain in contact with the craft (15) during the launch and recovery operations, the receiving device being carried with the craft (15) by the traction means, the system further comprising vertical protection elements (131) which are intended to provide frontal support for wings (151) of the craft when the end thereof is engaged in the receiving device (13), the frontal support produced in this manner allowing a contribution to the maintenance of the craft (15) in the axis of the ramp (11).
- System according to claim 1, wherein the rotation axis (x) of the ramp is located between the end (111) above water and the end (112) intended to be immersed.
- System according to any one of claims 1 to 2, characterised in that the edges (114, 115) of the ramp (11) are configured in order to ensure, together with the fairing of the lower portion of the ramp, the buoyancy of the free end (112) of the ramp.
- System according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the edges (114, 115) of the ramp (11) are configured to ensure the retention of the craft (15) on the ramp and to limit the rolling movements transmitted to the craft (15).
- System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the traction means comprise a traction cable (14) which is carried by traction means (16, 161).
- System according to the preceding claim, comprising means for redirecting the cable (14).
- System according to the preceding claim, wherein the base has a slot (116), through which the cable (14) is capable of extending.
- System according to any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the means for redirecting the cable (14) comprise a pulley (200) which has a pulley axis (p) which is aligned with the rotation axis of the ramp (11).
- System according to any one of claims 6 to 7, wherein the means for redirecting the cable comprise a cylindrical portion (20) which has an axis aligned with the rotation axis (x) of the ramp.
- System according to any one of the preceding claims, characterised in that the receiving and guiding means further comprise drive means which are configured so as to maintain the receiving device (13) in contact with the end of the craft (15) as long as the craft moves over the ramp (11).
- System according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rotation axis of the ramp (x) can be moved in translation in relation to the ship (10) between a first position and a second position which is located in front of the first position relative to the craft.
- System according to the preceding claim, comprising damping means (204) on which the portion of the ramp located between the end (112) capable of being immersed and the rotation axis (113) can rest when the ramp occupies the second position.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1201573A FR2991284B1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2012-06-01 | SYSTEM FOR LAUNCHING AND RECOVERING SUBMARINE GEARS, IN PARTICULAR TRACT SUBMARINE GEARS |
PCT/EP2013/061272 WO2013178792A1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-31 | System for launching and retrieving submarine vehicles, in particular towed submarine vehicles |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP2855252A1 EP2855252A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
EP2855252B1 true EP2855252B1 (en) | 2016-06-22 |
Family
ID=47172683
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP13728697.7A Active EP2855252B1 (en) | 2012-06-01 | 2013-05-31 | System for launching and retrieving submarine vehicles, in particular towed submarine vehicles |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
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EP (1) | EP2855252B1 (en) |
AU (1) | AU2013269527B2 (en) |
CA (1) | CA2875597C (en) |
FR (1) | FR2991284B1 (en) |
IN (1) | IN2014DN11251A (en) |
SG (1) | SG11201407997QA (en) |
WO (1) | WO2013178792A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP2915737B1 (en) * | 2014-03-06 | 2018-05-02 | Alcatel Lucent | Apparatus for lifting and lowering an object |
WO2016149772A1 (en) * | 2015-03-25 | 2016-09-29 | David Dowling | A system, towed submersible and docking station for towed underwater recreational sightseeing |
CN109460058B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2022-07-19 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0五研究所 | Underwater butt joint transverse moving control method for tail-propelled low-speed underwater vehicle |
US11066272B2 (en) | 2019-04-23 | 2021-07-20 | Rolls-Royce Canada Limited | Cable storage and handling systems and methods |
CN110341915B (en) * | 2019-07-04 | 2021-04-27 | 中国舰船研究设计中心 | Shipborne large unmanned equipment underwater delivery and recovery system |
NO346852B1 (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2023-01-30 | Deepocean As | Unmanned surface vessel, ramp member and method for launch and recovery of underwater units or vehicles |
CN112849340A (en) * | 2020-12-11 | 2021-05-28 | 南京中船绿洲机器有限公司 | Deck railcar mechanism of manned submersible |
DE102021127215A1 (en) | 2021-10-20 | 2023-04-20 | Silent Yachts Trading GmbH | Stowage system with stowage space and lifting platform for a multihull ship |
CN114932565B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2024-04-26 | 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心 | Underwater glider cloth and storage recovery system based on robot operation platform |
CN116002068B (en) * | 2023-03-22 | 2023-05-26 | 中国空气动力研究与发展中心设备设计与测试技术研究所 | Impact water-entering sliding track of water high-speed dragging system and design and use method thereof |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3508510A (en) * | 1968-08-21 | 1970-04-28 | Litton Systems Inc | Lighter hydrolift device |
US6843198B1 (en) * | 2002-07-31 | 2005-01-18 | Columbia Research Corporation | Transport, launch and recovery craft |
US7546814B1 (en) * | 2006-04-12 | 2009-06-16 | Lockheed Martin Corp. | Launch and recovery ramp system |
US7581507B2 (en) * | 2007-02-26 | 2009-09-01 | Physical Sciences, Inc. | Launch and recovery devices for water vehicles and methods of use |
US7712429B1 (en) * | 2007-06-28 | 2010-05-11 | United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Launch and recovery system for unmanned undersea vehicles |
-
2012
- 2012-06-01 FR FR1201573A patent/FR2991284B1/en active Active
-
2013
- 2013-05-31 SG SG11201407997QA patent/SG11201407997QA/en unknown
- 2013-05-31 AU AU2013269527A patent/AU2013269527B2/en active Active
- 2013-05-31 WO PCT/EP2013/061272 patent/WO2013178792A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-05-31 CA CA2875597A patent/CA2875597C/en active Active
- 2013-05-31 IN IN11251DEN2014 patent/IN2014DN11251A/en unknown
- 2013-05-31 EP EP13728697.7A patent/EP2855252B1/en active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2013269527A1 (en) | 2015-01-22 |
FR2991284B1 (en) | 2015-05-15 |
CA2875597C (en) | 2019-09-17 |
EP2855252A1 (en) | 2015-04-08 |
IN2014DN11251A (en) | 2015-10-09 |
AU2013269527B2 (en) | 2017-01-05 |
CA2875597A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
WO2013178792A1 (en) | 2013-12-05 |
SG11201407997QA (en) | 2015-01-29 |
FR2991284A1 (en) | 2013-12-06 |
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