EP0102428B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et le triage des piles électriques - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et le triage des piles électriques Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0102428B1
EP0102428B1 EP82304662A EP82304662A EP0102428B1 EP 0102428 B1 EP0102428 B1 EP 0102428B1 EP 82304662 A EP82304662 A EP 82304662A EP 82304662 A EP82304662 A EP 82304662A EP 0102428 B1 EP0102428 B1 EP 0102428B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
batteries
battery
voltage
production run
voltage value
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82304662A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0102428A1 (fr
Inventor
Sheldon A. Buckler
Jeffrey B. Burns
Alfredo G. Kniazzeh
Paul A. Plesse
David J. Sullivan
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Polaroid Corp
Original Assignee
Polaroid Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to CA000410638A priority Critical patent/CA1187939A/fr
Application filed by Polaroid Corp filed Critical Polaroid Corp
Priority to DE8282304662T priority patent/DE3275634D1/de
Priority to EP82304662A priority patent/EP0102428B1/fr
Priority to JP57165183A priority patent/JPS5961785A/ja
Publication of EP0102428A1 publication Critical patent/EP0102428A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0102428B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102428B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/3412—Sorting according to other particular properties according to a code applied to the object which indicates a property of the object, e.g. quality class, contents or incorrect indication
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/344—Sorting according to other particular properties according to electric or electromagnetic properties

Definitions

  • This invention relates to battery testing and sorting. More particularly, it concerns a method for testing individual batteries for anticipated shelf-life and culling those individual batteries which are not acceptable.
  • the sheet-like batteries used in such film packs employ materials selected to require storage conditions which correspond ideally with those of the photographic film units included in the film pack. Also, the construction of such batteries has been developed to a point where the open circuit voltage decay rate is exeptionally low. In this latter respect, the disclosure of US-A-4 028 479 is illustrative in that it describes such a battery and includes graphs showing the results of periodically testing open-circuit and closed-circuit voltages of batteries over an extended period of storage time. In spite of the complementary storage condition requirements and construction of this type of battery, however, the shelf-life characteristics of a given battery are difficult to discern at the time of battery production and often will have a longevity falling below that of the corresponding shelf-life of the film units with which they are packaged.
  • US-A-4081 743 discloses a cell discharge voltage monitor circuit for cell capacity grading.
  • the cells are individually sorted in accordance with the time for discharging a charged cell to a predetermined cell voltage indicative of total discharge of the capacity of the cell.
  • the present invention consists in a method of testing and sorting a production run of electric batteries in which individual batteries of the production run are tested and in which after a period of storage the same batteries are retested to enable a voltage decay rate to be obtained, characterised by the steps of:
  • a preliminary sorting operation may be carried out after the first voltage value has been obtained, to separate those individual batteries having a first voltage value outside an acceptable range of first values from those batteries for which the first voltage value lies within the acceptable range.
  • the machine-readable indicia are formed on the battery by a non-contact printer, for example an ink jet printer.
  • a non-contact printer for example an ink jet printer.
  • a method for controlling a row of ink jets to produce printed bars on a recording surface is disclosed in US-A-3 787 881.
  • the invention also comprises a system for sorting a production run of electric batteries.
  • the invention is particularly advantageous in the production of batteries designed to be packaged and merchandised with related goods of predictable shelf-life, although it can be used with batteries of other kinds.
  • the testing system and method of the present invention is applicable broadly to all type of batteries, the embodiment to be described is particularly intended for production run testing and sorting of sheet like batteries typified by the disclosure of the aforementioned US Patent No. 4,028,479.
  • An example of such a battery is illustrated most clearly in Figure 2 and is generally designated in the drawings by the reference numeral 10.
  • a most salient feature of the battery 10 from the standpoint of accommodation to the system and method of the present invention, is that in addition to its flat rectangular sheet-like configuration, the terminals 12 and 14 thereof are presented through openings 16 and 18 in an exterior paper or cardboard layer 20.
  • the batteries 10 are mass produced in batches or runs of several hundred or more individual batteries.
  • the manufacture or assembly of each battery is completed by application of the cardboard layer 20 to the internal cell structure and by a peripheral heat sealing or bonding of the layer 20 to an insulative layer or covering (not shown) on the opposite side of the battery from the layer 20.
  • each battery 10 is passed upon manufacturing completion by an appropriate dispenser or conveyor (not shown) to a first testing station 26.
  • a value of the open circuit voltage of each battery is obtained.
  • this voltage is detected by a meter 28 having a pair of contact probes or brushes 30 and 32 adapted to engage both terminals 12 and 14 of each battery.
  • the meter 28 may be any of several known types of volt meters capable of generating a signal corresponding to the open circuit voltage across the probes 30 and 32.
  • a recording device or printer 34 Located at the first station with the meter 28 is a recording device or printer 34.
  • the printer 34 is responsive to and controlled by the meter 28 and is operative to form the printed indicia 24 directly on the outer surface 22 of the cardboard battery layer 20.
  • the printer 34 is preferably spaced from the battery 10 and is a non-contact printer, for example, an inkjet printer which essentially exerts no force, or quite negligible force, on the battery since only the ink contacts the battery surface.
  • the non-contact printing eliminates the possibility of battery damage due to printing and also may easily accommodate a wide variety of battery configurations such as, for example, cylindrical. While other non-contact printers such as, for example, a laser type will also be applicable, the ink jet printer is relatively maintenance-free and provides excellent indicia.
  • the indicia is preferably provided as a bar/half bar code in the form of a series of variable height lines representing a binary or other type encoding capable of representing the precise voltage detected by the meter 28 in a form which may be sensed or read by machine.
  • Other forms of indicia may also be utilized, and while encoded indicia rather than alphanumerical is preferred for reliability, the latter could also be employed.
  • the meter 28 and printer 34 provide testing and marking means for providing a first value of battery energy and for placing the measured value on each battery in machine readable form. Further, as noted below, these means also preferably determine and record the time of measurement as well as other manufacturing information.
  • the indicia 24 include machine readable information representative of the time at which the voltage for a particular battery 10 was measured by the meter 28.
  • an encoded indicia of the type illustrated may include information relative to month, day of the month, hour and minute of each day.
  • the batteries 10 may be advanced to a first sorting station 36 operated under the control of the first testing station 26 to cull those batteries for which the initial voltage detected at the station 26 was below a predetermined acceptable limit. Each acceptable battery passing the station 36 is retained and passed to a storage station 38.
  • the storage station 38 may take a variety of specific forms such as a plurality of magazine-like receptacles for warehouse storage, or in-line storage bins in which the batteries 10 may be stored for a period of time, or delay period, determined in accordance with such factors as the anticipated voltage decay rate of the batteries as well as the sensitivity of the metering equipment used in the system for detecting the open circuit voltage for each battery. In other words, it is necessary only that the batteries remain at the storage station 38 for a period of time adequate to undergo a discernible voltage decay from the voltage detected at the first testing station 26. However, since the purpose is to extrapolate or predict from a measured decay the subsequent time, many months or years later, at which the battery energy will fall below a given value, a reasonable decay period of several weeks is preferred.
  • the batteries are again tested by passing them to a second testing station 40.
  • the open circuit voltage of each battery 10 is again detected, the voltage recorded at the first testing station and represented by the indicia 24 on each battery 10 is read, the two voltage readings are compared and the voltage decay rate for each battery computed.
  • the station 40 provides testing and reading means for providing or obtaining a second value for each battery after the time interval, for reading the previously printed indicia.
  • the indicia 24 carries information as to the time at which the first voltage reading was taken at the station 26.
  • the availability of this information on each battery 10 at the second testing station 40 provides data by which the voltage decay rate for each battery may be directly computed.
  • Station 40 reads the original voltage value and original test time and compares the two voltage values and also the first and second test times to determine the specific length of time the batteries 10 were retained between tests, and computes the rate or decay of the battery under test.
  • the batteries After passing the second sorting station 40, the batteries are passed through a second sorting station 42, which is responsive to and controlled by the test station 40 and operative to reject those individual batteries 10 for which the computed decay rate is in excess of a pre-established or acceptable decay rate. Thus, only those batteries which pass from the sorting station 42 to a packaging station (not shown) will have a tested decay rate corresponding to an acceptable battery shelf-life.

Landscapes

  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Tests Of Electric Status Of Batteries (AREA)
  • Testing Relating To Insulation (AREA)
  • Testing Electric Properties And Detecting Electric Faults (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Méthode de test et de tri d'une série de production de batteries électriques, dans laquelle les batteries individuelles de la série de production sont testées et dans laquelle, après une période de stockage, les mêmes batteries sont à nouveau testées, pour permettre d'obtenir un taux d'affaiblissement du voltage, caractérisée par le fait qu'elle comporte les étapes suivantes:
(a) tester (28) chaque batterie de la série de production, de façon à obtenir une première valeur du voltage pour chaque batterie (10);
(b) former (34) sur chaque batterie un indice, lisible à la machine (24), correspondant à la première valeur du voltage et à la date du test;
(c) après ladite période de stockage, tester à nouveau (40) chacune des batteries individuelles, de façon à obtenir une seconde valeur du voltage pour chaque batterie;
(d) lire à la machine (40) l'indice de voltage et de date, et calculer, en fonction de la période de temps écoulé et la différence entre les première et seconde valeurs du voltage de chaque batterie, le taux d'affaiblissement du voltage de chaque batterie; et
(e) trier (42) les batteries en fonction du taux calculé d'affaiblissement, de façon à séparer celles des batteries individuelles de la série de production ayant un taux d'affaiblissement de voltage supérieur à une limite acceptable, de celles des batteries de la même série de production ayant un taux d'affaiblissement de voltage égal ou inférieur à la limite acceptable.
2. Méthode selon la revendication 1, comprenant de plus l'assemblage et l'emballage des batteries acceptables avec des objets en rapport en vue d'être commercialisés avec les batteries individuelles d'une telle série de production.
3. Méthode selon les revendications 1 ou 2, dans laquelle les batteries sont des batteries électriques (voir figure 2), en forme de feuille et rectangulaires, ayant des bornes (12, 14) qui se présentent à travers des ouvertures pratiquées dans une couche extérieure (20), capable de recevoir l'inscription de l'indice par impression, et dans laquelle chaque batterie est testée par des pièces de contact (30, 32) passant à travers les ouvertures dans la couche extérieure, et les indices, lisibles à la machine, sont inscrits sur la couche extérieure de chaque batterie, correspondant à la première valeur du voltage et la date du test.
4. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, comprenant de plus l'étape (36) de triage des batteries après exécution de l'étape (a), en fonction de la première valeur du voltage, pour séparer ces batteries individuelles ayant une première valeur de voltage au dessus ou en dessous d'un intervalle acceptable de premières valeurs du voltage, de ces batteries ayant une première valeur de voltage à l'intérieur de cet intervalle acceptable.
5. Méthode selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes 1 à 4, dans laquelle l'étape de formage des indices lisibles à la machine comporte l'inscription des indices par une impression sans contact, ou avec une force négligeable appliquée sur la batterie.
6. Méthode selon la revendication 5, dans laquelle l'étape de formage des indices lisibles à la machine est prévue en dirigeant de l'encre sur la batterie pour former les indices, au moyen d'une impression par jet d'encre.
7. Système pour le triage d'une série de production de batteries électriques, comportant des moyens de test pour obtenir une première valeur du voltage pour les batteries individuelles (10) de la série de production, et pour obtenir une seconde valeur du voltage pour les mêmes batteries (10) après une période de stockage, de façon à pouvoir en déduire un taux d'affaiblissement du voltage, caractérisé par le fait que les moyens de test permettent d'obtenir lesdites valeurs du voltage pour chaque batterie (10) de la série de production, et que ce système comporte:
des moyens de marquage (34) pour inscrire les indices (24) lisibles à la machine sur chaque batterie (10) de la série de production, correspondant à la première valeur du voltage et à la date d'obtention de ladite première valeur;
des moyens de lecture (40), qui sont opérationnels quand la seconde valeur du voltage a été obtenue après la période de stockage, pour lire à la machine les indices de voltage et de date de chaque batterie testée (10);
des moyens de calcul pour calculer, en fonction de la période de temps écoulé et la différence entre lesdites première et seconde valeurs du voltage de chaque batterie (10), le taux d'affaiblissement du voltage pour chaque batterie (10); et
des moyens (42) pour le triage des batteries (10) individuellement en fonction du taux calculé d'affaiblissement du voltage, de façon à séparer ces batteries individuelles (10) de la série de production ayant un taux d'affaiblissement du voltage supérieur à une limite acceptable, de ces batteries (10) de la même série de production ayant un taux d'affaiblissement du voltage égal ou inférieur à cette limite acceptable.
8. Système selon la revendication 7, dans lequel le moyen de marquage est un procédé d'impression sans contact (34), séparé des batteries (10).
9. Système selon les revendications 7 ou 8, comportant de plus des moyens préliminaires
(36) pour obtenir la première valeur du voltage, et effectuer un triage préliminaire des batteries (10) en fonction des valeurs obtenues pour le premier voltage.
10. Système selon les revendications 7, 8 ou 9, dans lequel les moyens (28) de test pour obtenir la première valeur du voltage, et les moyens de marquage (34) sont juxtaposés dans un poste unique (26).
11. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 10, dans lequel les moyens pour obtenir la seconde valeur du voltage, et les moyens de lecture (40) sont juxtaposés dans un poste unique (40).
12. Système selon l'une quelconque des revendications 7 à 11, comportant des moyens d'emballer individuellement des batteries (10) ayant un taux acceptable d'affaiblissement de voltage, avec des objets en rapport en vue d'être commercialisés.
EP82304662A 1982-09-02 1982-09-06 Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et le triage des piles électriques Expired EP0102428B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000410638A CA1187939A (fr) 1982-09-02 1982-09-02 Methode et systeme d'epreuve et de tri de piles
DE8282304662T DE3275634D1 (en) 1982-09-02 1982-09-06 Method and system for testing and sorting batteries
EP82304662A EP0102428B1 (fr) 1982-09-02 1982-09-06 Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et le triage des piles électriques
JP57165183A JPS5961785A (ja) 1982-09-02 1982-09-24 生産ロットの電池を検査し選別する方法

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CA000410638A CA1187939A (fr) 1982-09-02 1982-09-02 Methode et systeme d'epreuve et de tri de piles
EP82304662A EP0102428B1 (fr) 1982-09-02 1982-09-06 Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et le triage des piles électriques
JP57165183A JPS5961785A (ja) 1982-09-02 1982-09-24 生産ロットの電池を検査し選別する方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0102428A1 EP0102428A1 (fr) 1984-03-14
EP0102428B1 true EP0102428B1 (fr) 1987-03-11

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ID=49640574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82304662A Expired EP0102428B1 (fr) 1982-09-02 1982-09-06 Procédé et dispositif pour le contrôle et le triage des piles électriques

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EP (1) EP0102428B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPS5961785A (fr)
CA (1) CA1187939A (fr)
DE (1) DE3275634D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4607227A (en) * 1984-01-20 1986-08-19 Ford Motor Company Open circuit voltage test device
EP0469103B1 (fr) * 1990-02-13 1994-11-09 Egapro Ag Procede et dispositif pour le recyclage de piles usagees
DE4419461B4 (de) * 1994-06-05 2004-08-05 Massen, Robert, Prof. Dr.-Ing. Automatische Sortierung von gebrauchten Batterien
JP4048905B2 (ja) * 2002-10-09 2008-02-20 松下電器産業株式会社 電池の検査方法
JP2007227071A (ja) * 2006-02-22 2007-09-06 Noritsu Koki Co Ltd プラズマ発生装置およびそれを用いるワーク処理装置
KR101937995B1 (ko) * 2015-06-04 2019-01-11 주식회사 엘지화학 전지팩 기능 검사장치
CN106684472A (zh) * 2016-12-01 2017-05-17 惠州市豪鹏科技有限公司 一种减少多串并联电池组动态压差的补电分选方法及装置
CN106807650A (zh) * 2017-01-22 2017-06-09 江苏安纳金机械有限公司 一种充放电及休眠测试的自动拣料机及其运作方法
CN107694967B (zh) * 2017-11-06 2024-02-13 深圳蓬博精密机械有限公司 汽车锂电池电压内阻自动检测分选设备
CN109188288A (zh) * 2018-09-30 2019-01-11 江西安驰新能源科技有限公司 一种动力电池自放电检测及分档工艺
CN109786807B (zh) * 2019-03-11 2021-05-18 肇庆理士电源技术有限公司 蓄电池配组系统、方法、装置、计算机设备及存储介质
CN110420890B (zh) * 2019-08-09 2024-03-22 苏州富强科技有限公司 一种全自动分选流水线
CN111701870B (zh) * 2020-06-10 2022-01-07 浙江浦江中星有限公司 一种简易太阳能电池片分选机
CN113198737A (zh) * 2021-04-09 2021-08-03 重庆骏萱新能源科技有限公司 成品电池组快速检测工艺
CN113484787B (zh) * 2021-07-27 2022-07-29 上海理工大学 基于电化学阻抗谱的退役锂离子电池快速分选重组方法
CN115805194A (zh) * 2022-05-25 2023-03-17 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 电池单体分选方法

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US4028479A (en) * 1974-12-26 1977-06-07 Polaroid Corporation Flat battery

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US2884130A (en) * 1954-06-21 1959-04-28 Bosch Julius Apparatus for sorting steel plates and the like
US3480140A (en) * 1967-03-24 1969-11-25 Lockheed Aircraft Corp Testing and sorting apparatus for batteries
US3583561A (en) * 1968-12-19 1971-06-08 Transistor Automation Corp Die sorting system
US3787881A (en) * 1972-09-18 1974-01-22 Mead Corp Apparatus and method for bar code printing
US4081743A (en) * 1976-08-13 1978-03-28 General Electric Company Cell discharge voltage monitor circuit for cell capacity grading and method for grading
DE2904031C2 (de) * 1979-02-02 1984-01-12 Schmid, Hans A., Dr., 8000 München Vorrichtung zum Aufspritzen von balkenförmigen Farbmarkierungen auf relativ zur Vorrichtung bewegte Gegenstände, sowie ein Verfahren zum Aufspritzen von Farbmarkierungen mit dieser Vorrichtung

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4028479A (en) * 1974-12-26 1977-06-07 Polaroid Corporation Flat battery

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPH0366625B2 (fr) 1991-10-18
JPS5961785A (ja) 1984-04-09
DE3275634D1 (en) 1987-04-16
EP0102428A1 (fr) 1984-03-14
CA1187939A (fr) 1985-05-28

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