EP0102407B1 - Finned tube with internal projections and method and apparatus for its manufacture - Google Patents

Finned tube with internal projections and method and apparatus for its manufacture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0102407B1
EP0102407B1 EP19820108141 EP82108141A EP0102407B1 EP 0102407 B1 EP0102407 B1 EP 0102407B1 EP 19820108141 EP19820108141 EP 19820108141 EP 82108141 A EP82108141 A EP 82108141A EP 0102407 B1 EP0102407 B1 EP 0102407B1
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European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
rolling
projections
finned tube
fins
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Expired
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EP19820108141
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0102407A1 (en
Inventor
Hans-Werner Ing. grad. Kästner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wieland Werke AG
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Wieland Werke AG
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to EP19820108141 priority Critical patent/EP0102407B1/en
Priority to DE8282108141T priority patent/DE3269190D1/en
Publication of EP0102407A1 publication Critical patent/EP0102407A1/en
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Publication of EP0102407B1 publication Critical patent/EP0102407B1/en
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D15/00—Corrugating tubes
    • B21D15/04—Corrugating tubes transversely, e.g. helically
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
    • B21C37/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape
    • B21C37/06—Manufacture of metal sheets, bars, wire, tubes or like semi-manufactured products, not otherwise provided for; Manufacture of tubes of special shape of tubes or metal hoses; Combined procedures for making tubes, e.g. for making multi-wall tubes
    • B21C37/15—Making tubes of special shape; Making tube fittings
    • B21C37/20—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls
    • B21C37/207—Making helical or similar guides in or on tubes without removing material, e.g. by drawing same over mandrels, by pushing same through dies ; Making tubes with angled walls, ribbed tubes and tubes with decorated walls with helical guides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
    • F28F1/34—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely
    • F28F1/36—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element and extending obliquely the means being helically wound fins or wire spirals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
    • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
    • F28F1/42—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element
    • F28F1/422—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being both outside and inside the tubular element with outside means integral with the tubular element and inside means integral with the tubular element

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a finned tube of the type described in the preamble of the main claim.
  • Such a finned tube has already become known from DE-OS No. 1751423.
  • the pipe described there has continuous ribs on the outside and inside; this improves the heat transfer properties compared to a smooth finned tube on the inside of the tube, but the pressure loss increases not insignificantly.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of designing a finned tube of the type specified in such a way that the pressure loss is substantially reduced while the heat transfer properties remain approximately the same.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the projections only extend over part of the helical line or the helical lines.
  • the interrupted inner structure of the finned tube not only significantly reduces the pressure loss, but also achieves an excellent heat transfer effect due to the turbulence formed by the projections.
  • the inwardly directed, separate projections are arranged in the circumferential direction of the tube.
  • the projections according to the invention are arranged along a helix.
  • the tube according to the invention thus generates a swirl in the direction of the helix in the medium flowing inside, which leads to additional heat transfer.
  • the arrangement of the projections in the form of a helical line was not suggested by DE-PS No. 679285.
  • Column 1, lines 25 and 26 expressly require that no vortex formation should occur, because these are undesirable.
  • the invention overcomes this prejudice by arranging the inner protrusions in the form of a helix and thus creating a vortex and an increased heat transfer between the inner medium and the tube wall.
  • the US-PS No. 4330036 shows a finned tube with helical ribs on the outside of the tube and helically arranged projections on the inside of the tube, but by cutting the outer ribs with a sharp-cutting roller, a corrugated finned tube is obtained, in which the inner projections of the The helix lies below the outer ribs, ie not below the outer grooves as in the pipe according to the invention, and in which the helix has a different pitch angle than the outer ribs, in contrast to the same pitch angle in the pipe according to the invention.
  • US-A No. 1909005 shows a process for producing a finned tube similar to that of DE-A No. 1751423.
  • the projections each extend over less than one turn of the helix.
  • the projections have different lengths or different heights H and if the height H is variable within a projection, the height H of the projections preferably being in the range from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. In particular for manufacturing reasons, it is advisable if the projections - seen in longitudinal section - are delimited in a circular arc.
  • the projections viewed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, are offset or aligned with one another or are alternately offset with one another and are moist.
  • orest R is on the axial tube length at least one projection is provided, where oresi is the diameter of the spinning roller, d K is the core diameter, n is the pitch, t R is the fin pitch of the finned tube and m is the number of cams on the spinning roller.
  • the limit for the expression is determined by d K the number of rolling tools used in the device to be described later; this limit cannot be exceeded, otherwise the rolling tools would touch.
  • the limit is (3 + 2 ⁇ 3) when using three rolling tools and (1 + ⁇ 2) when using four rolling tools.
  • the invention further relates to a method for producing the finned tube according to the invention with internal projections.
  • the method according to the invention for producing the finned tube is characterized in that the radial pressure is only applied in places along one or more helical lines. This makes it possible in a simple manner to produce projections which are separate from one another on the inside of the tube at the location of the groove between the ribs.
  • the radial pressure is only applied over part of a turn of the helix or has a different strength.
  • the design of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention depends on whether the pipe is to rotate when the roll head is stationary or whether the roll head is to rotate when the pipe is only axially advanced.
  • the pressure roller is provided with at least one radially projecting cam to form projections on the inside of the tube, the radius R in the cam area being greater than the radius of the last one Rolling disc.
  • the pressure roller has cams with different circumferential lengths or cams with different radius R in the cam area or if the radius R in the cam area is variable.
  • the production of the projections is particularly simplified when the cam is rounded.
  • three tool holders offset by 120 ° or four by 90 ° are provided. It is advantageous if a pressure roller with cams is provided in only one tool holder, since this avoids the need for complex adjustment work of the cams in the individual tool holders. In the event of incorrect adjustment, undesirably result in a continuous inner rib.
  • the one-piece finned tube 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2a / 2b has, on the outside of the tube, ribs 2 running helically, between which a groove 3 is formed.
  • the groove 3 is deepened in places, so that material is shifted inward from the tube wall 4 and thus protrusions 5 separated from one another along a helical line (the hatching in each case indicates the loftiness of the protrusions).
  • This helix has the same pitch angle as the helix of the outer ribs 2.
  • FIG. 1 shows, for example, three of the projections 5 mentioned, each of which extends only over part of the turn of the helix.
  • the projections 5 are offset from one another.
  • FIG. 2a clearly shows that the projections 5 - seen in longitudinal section - are delimited in a circular arc.
  • the tool holder 8 can be advanced radially. For example, four or more tool holders 8 can also be used.
  • the tool holders 8 are in turn arranged in a stationary (not shown) rolling head.
  • the smooth pipe 1 'entering in the direction of the arrow is set in rotation by the driven rolling tools 6 arranged on the circumference of the pipe, the axis of which extends obliquely to the pipe axis.
  • the rolling tools 6 consist, in a manner known per se, of roller disks 9 arranged side by side, the diameter of which increases in the direction of the arrow.
  • the centrally arranged rolling tools 6 form the ribs 2 in a known manner from the tube wall 4 of the smooth tube 1 ', the smooth tube 1' being supported by a rolling mandrel 10.
  • the mandrel 10 ends with the last roll disc 9 'of the rolling tools 6.
  • a diameter reduction takes place in a front area (feed area).
  • the finish-rolling area the helical circumferential ribs 2 are then expanded.
  • the rolling tool 6 is followed by a pressure roller 7, the thickness of which is smaller than the thickness of the last rolling disk 9 '.
  • the pressure roller 7 has a cam 11, the radius R in the cam area: being greater than the radius of the last roller disk 9 '. Due to the rounded cam 11, the groove 3 between the ribs 2 is deepened in places and thus projections 5 are formed on the inside of the tube.
  • the part of the rolling mandrel 10 shown in FIG. 3 with a diameter is only used for guiding the finned tube 1, it is not necessary for the formation of the projections 5.
  • FIG 5 schematically shows the assignment of the pressure roller 7 including two cams 11 of different circumferential length to the finned tube 1, specifically for the conditions at the bottom of the groove 3.
  • a finned tube 1 with the dimensions according to the following table was produced with a device according to FIG. 3.
  • the diameter of the rolling disks 9 used was 60.80 mm
  • in the region of the one cam 11 a diameter of 61.6 mm
  • the rolling mandrel 10 had a diameter of 16. 5 mm.
  • the radially adjustable rolling tools 6 were driven at an initial speed of approximately 150 to 200 rpm and at a final speed which was approximately three times higher.
  • the pressure gauge ratio of approximately 60 mm for the pressure roller 7 to approximately 20 mm for the finned tube 1 at the bottom of the groove, there is a protrusion 5 after every third tube rotation in the case of single-pass rolling.
  • the finned tubes 1 produced in this way not only showed good heat transfer properties, but also a relatively low pressure drop.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Rippenrohr der im Oberbegriff des Hauptanspruchs beschriebenen Gattung.The invention relates to a finned tube of the type described in the preamble of the main claim.

Ein solches Rippenrohr ist bereits durch die DE-OS Nr. 1751423 bekanntgeworden. Das dort beschriebene Rohr weist jeweils auf der Aussen- und Innenseite durchgehende Rippen auf; dadurch werden zwar gegenüber einem auf der Rohrinnenseite glatten Rippenrohr die Wärmeübertragungseigenschaften verbessert, jedoch steigt der Druckverlust nicht unerheblich an.Such a finned tube has already become known from DE-OS No. 1751423. The pipe described there has continuous ribs on the outside and inside; this improves the heat transfer properties compared to a smooth finned tube on the inside of the tube, but the pressure loss increases not insignificantly.

Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Rippenrohr der angegebenen Gattung so auszubilden, dass bei etwa gleichbleibenden Wärmeübertragungseigenschaften der Druckverlust wesentlich herabgesetzt wird.The invention is therefore based on the object of designing a finned tube of the type specified in such a way that the pressure loss is substantially reduced while the heat transfer properties remain approximately the same.

Die Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäs dadurch gelöst, dass die Vorsprünge sich nur über einen Teil der Schraubenlinie oder der Schraubenlinien erstrecken.The object is achieved according to the invention in that the projections only extend over part of the helical line or the helical lines.

Durch die unterbrochene I nnenstruktur des Rippenrohres wird nicht nur der Druckverlust wesentlich erniedrigt, sondern auch durch die von den Vorsprüngen herrührende Turbulenzbildung ein ausgezeichneter Wärmeübertragungseffekt erzielt.The interrupted inner structure of the finned tube not only significantly reduces the pressure loss, but also achieves an excellent heat transfer effect due to the turbulence formed by the projections.

Es ist zwar aus der DE-PS Nr. 679285 ein Rohr mit nach innen gerichteten, voneinander getrennten Vorsprüngen bekannt. Dieses Rohr weist jedoch den Nachteil auf, dass es an der Rohraussenseite als Glattrohr ausgebildet ist, wenn von den kurzen Einkerbungen abgesehen wird, die sich bei der Ausbildung der Innenkerben auf der Aussenseite zwangsläufig bilden. In den in der Wärmetechnik häufig vorkommenden Fällen bringt das vorbekannte Rohr jedoch nur eine unzulässige Wärmeleistung. Meist ist nämlich an der Aussenseite ein Medium mit schlechtem Wärmeübergang angeordnet, z.B. Gas oder Kältemittel, während im Rohrinnern ein Medium mit gutem Wärmeübergang, z.B. Wasser oder Ammoniak, strömt. Die unzureichende Wärmeleistung entsteht dadurch, dass die Aussenseite nichtso viel Wärme übertragen kann, wie die Innenseite abführen könnte. Demgegenüber weist das erfindungsgemässe Rohr die beschriebenen Aussenrippen auf, welche eine Ausgewogenheit der Wärmeübergänge bei den beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Medien zur Folge hat. Daserfindungsgemässe Rohr weist also eine erheblich grössere Wärmeleistung auf.It is known from DE-PS No. 679285 a tube with inwardly directed, separate projections. However, this tube has the disadvantage that it is designed as a smooth tube on the outside of the tube if the short notches that are inevitably formed on the outside when the inner notches are formed are not used. In the cases that occur frequently in heating technology, however, the previously known pipe only provides an impermissible thermal output. Usually, a medium with poor heat transfer is arranged on the outside, e.g. Gas or refrigerant, while a medium with good heat transfer, e.g. Water or ammonia flows. The insufficient heat output results from the fact that the outside cannot transfer as much heat as the inside could dissipate. In contrast, the tube according to the invention has the outer ribs described, which results in a balance of the heat transfers in the different media described. The pipe according to the invention thus has a considerably greater heat output.

In dem Rohr nach der DE-PS Nr. 679285 sind die nach innen gerichteten, voneinander getrennten Vorsprünge in Umfangsrichtung des Rohres angeordnet. Demgegenüber sind die erfindungsgemässen Vorsprünge entlang einer Schraubenlinie angeordnet. Das erfindungsgemässe Rohr erzeugt also bei dem im Inneren strömenden Medium einen Drall in Richtung der Schraubenlinie, was zu einer zusätzlichen Wärmeübertragung führt. Auch die Anordnung der Vorsprünge in Form einer Schraubenlinie war durch die DE-PS Nr. 679285 nicht nahegelegt. In Spalte 1, Zeile 25 und 26 wird nämlich ausdrücklich verlangt, dass keine Wirbelbildungen auftreten sollen, denn diese seien unerwünscht. Die Erfindung setzt sich über dieses Vorurteil hinweg, indem sie die inneren Vorsprünge in Form einer Schraubenlinie anordnet und damit eine Wirbelbildung und einen erhöhten Wärmeübergang zwischen dem inneren Medium und der Rohrwandung erhält.In the tube according to DE-PS No. 679285 the inwardly directed, separate projections are arranged in the circumferential direction of the tube. In contrast, the projections according to the invention are arranged along a helix. The tube according to the invention thus generates a swirl in the direction of the helix in the medium flowing inside, which leads to additional heat transfer. The arrangement of the projections in the form of a helical line was not suggested by DE-PS No. 679285. Column 1, lines 25 and 26 expressly require that no vortex formation should occur, because these are undesirable. The invention overcomes this prejudice by arranging the inner protrusions in the form of a helix and thus creating a vortex and an increased heat transfer between the inner medium and the tube wall.

Ferner zeigt zwar die US-PS Nr. 4330036 ein Rippenrohr mit schraubenlinienförmig verlaufenden Rippen auf der Rohraussenseite und schraubenlinienförmig angeordneten Vorsprüngen auf der Rohrinnenseite, durch das Einschneiden der äusseren Rippen mittels einer scharfendigen Schneidrolle wird jedoch ein gewelltes Rippenrohr erhalten, bei dem die inneren Vorsprünge der Schraubenlinie unterhalb der äusseren Rippen liegen, also nicht unterhalb der äusseren Nuten wie beim erfindungsgemässen Rohr, und bei dem die Schraubenlinie einen anderen Steigungswinkel aufweist als die äusseren Rippen, im Gegensatz zu demselben Steigungswinkel beim erfindungsgemässen Rohr.Furthermore, the US-PS No. 4330036 shows a finned tube with helical ribs on the outside of the tube and helically arranged projections on the inside of the tube, but by cutting the outer ribs with a sharp-cutting roller, a corrugated finned tube is obtained, in which the inner projections of the The helix lies below the outer ribs, ie not below the outer grooves as in the pipe according to the invention, and in which the helix has a different pitch angle than the outer ribs, in contrast to the same pitch angle in the pipe according to the invention.

Schliesslich zeigt die US-A Nr. 1909005 ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines ähnlichen Rippenrohres wie nach der DE-A Nr. 1751423.Finally, US-A No. 1909005 shows a process for producing a finned tube similar to that of DE-A No. 1751423.

Die bevorzugte Ausbildung und Anordnung der Vorsprünge ist Gegenstand der Unteransprüche 2 bis 1.5.The preferred design and arrangement of the projections is the subject of dependent claims 2 to 1.5.

Nach einer besonderen Ausführungsform der Erfindung erstrecken sich die Vorsprünge jeweils über weniger als eine Windung der Schraubenlinie.According to a special embodiment of the invention, the projections each extend over less than one turn of the helix.

Es ist vorteilhaft, wenn die Vorsprünge unterschiedliche Länge bzw. unterschiedliche Höhe H aufweisen und wenn die Höhe H innerhalb eines Vorsprungs variabel ist, dabei liegt die Höhe H der Vorsprünge vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,1 bis 0,5 mm. insbesondere aus herstellungstechnischen Gründen empfiehlt es sich, wenn die Vorsprünge.- im Längsschnitt gesehen - kreisbogenförmig begrenzt sind.It is advantageous if the projections have different lengths or different heights H and if the height H is variable within a projection, the height H of the projections preferably being in the range from 0.1 to 0.5 mm. In particular for manufacturing reasons, it is advisable if the projections - seen in longitudinal section - are delimited in a circular arc.

Zur weiteren Erhöhung der Turbulenzbildung empfiehlt es sich, wenn die Vorsprünge- in Rohrlängsrichtung gesehen - gegeneinander versetzt sind bzw. fluchten oder auch abwechselnd gegeneinander versetzt sind und feuchten.To further increase the turbulence formation, it is advisable if the projections, viewed in the longitudinal direction of the pipe, are offset or aligned with one another or are alternately offset with one another and are moist.

Nach einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist auf der axialen Rohrlänge

Figure imgb0001
mindestens ein Vorsprung vorgesehen, wobei ⌀ der Durchmesser der Drückrolle, dK der Kerndurchmesser, n die Gängigkeit, tR die Rippenteilung des Rippenrohres und m dieAnzahl der Nocken auf der Drückrolle ist.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is on the axial tube length
Figure imgb0001
 at least one projection is provided, where wobei is the diameter of the spinning roller, d K is the core diameter, n is the pitch, t R is the fin pitch of the finned tube and m is the number of cams on the spinning roller.

Der Grenzwert für den Ausdruck

Figure imgb0002
ist durch dK die Anzahl der verwendeten Walzwerkzeuge bei der später zu beschreibenden Vorrichtung bestimmt; dieser Grenzwert kann nicht überschritten werden, da sich sonst die Walzwerkzeuge berühren würden.The limit for the expression
Figure imgb0002
 is determined by d K the number of rolling tools used in the device to be described later; this limit cannot be exceeded, otherwise the rolling tools would touch.

Bei der Verwendung von drei Walzwerkzeugen beträgt der Grenzwert (3+2√3), bei Verwendung von vier Walzwerkzeugen (1 +√2).The limit is (3 + 2√3) when using three rolling tools and (1 + √2) when using four rolling tools.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft herausgestellt, wenn bei eingängigen Rippen pro 5 bis 20 mm Rohrlänge bzw. bei n-gängigen Rippen (n = 2, 3,...) pro n x (5 bis 20) mm Rohrlänge mindestens ein Vorsprung vorgesehen ist.It has proven to be advantageous if with single-ribs per 5 to 20 mm tube length or with n-type ribs (n = 2, 3, ...) per nx (5 to 20) mm tube length at least one protrusion is provided.

Gegenstand der Erfindung ist weiterhin ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemässen Rippenrohres mit inneren Vorsprüngen.The invention further relates to a method for producing the finned tube according to the invention with internal projections.

Ausgehend von dem Verfahren nach der DE-OS Nr. 1751423 gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 16 ist das erfindungsgemässe Verfahren zur Herstellung des Rippenrohres dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der radiale Druck nur stellenweise entlang einer oder mehrerer Schraubenlinien aufgebracht wird. Dadurch ist es auf einfache Weise möglich, am Ort der Nut zwischen den Rippen jeweils auf der Rohrinnenseite voneinander getrennte Vorsprünge zu erzeugen.Starting from the method according to DE-OS No. 1751423 according to the preamble of claim 16, the method according to the invention for producing the finned tube is characterized in that the radial pressure is only applied in places along one or more helical lines. This makes it possible in a simple manner to produce projections which are separate from one another on the inside of the tube at the location of the groove between the ribs.

Die Formulierung «und/oder» im Oberbegriff bezieht sich darauf, ob sich das Rohr bei der axialen Vorschubbewegung gleichzeitig drehen soll oder nicht.The wording «and / or» in the generic term refers to whether the tube should rotate at the same time as the axial feed movement or not.

Nach besonderen Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens wird der radiale Druck jeweils nur über einen Teil einer Windung der Schraubenlinie aufgebracht oder weist eine unterschiedliche Stärke auf.According to special embodiments of the method according to the invention, the radial pressure is only applied over part of a turn of the helix or has a different strength.

Die Ausbildung einer Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens ist davon abhängig, ob sich das Rohr bei ortsfestem Walzkopf oder ob sich der Walzkopf bei lediglich axial vorschiebbarem Rohr drehen soll.The design of a device for carrying out the method according to the invention depends on whether the pipe is to rotate when the roll head is stationary or whether the roll head is to rotate when the pipe is only axially advanced.

Bei sich drehendem Rohr wird von einer Vorrichtung nach der DE-OS Nr. 1751423 gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 19 ausgegangen; bei sich drehendem Walzkopf wird von einer Vorrichtung gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 20 ausgegangen. Die Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemässen Verfahrens ist in beiden Fällen durch das folgende Merkmal gekennzeichnet: Die Drückrolle ist zur Bildung von Vorsprüngen an der Innenseite des Rohres mit mindestens einem radial vorstehenden Nocken versehen, wobei der Radius R im Nockenbereich grösser ist als der Radius der letzten Walzscheibe.In the case of a rotating pipe, a device according to DE-OS No. 1751423 according to the preamble of claim 19 is assumed; in the case of a rotating roller head, a device is assumed according to the preamble of claim 20. The device for carrying out the method according to the invention is characterized in both cases by the following feature: the pressure roller is provided with at least one radially projecting cam to form projections on the inside of the tube, the radius R in the cam area being greater than the radius of the last one Rolling disc.

Zur Ausformung unterschiedlicher Vorsprungsgeometrien (Länge, Höhe etc.) empfiehlt es sich dabei, wenn die Drückrolle Nocken mit unterschiedlicher Umfangslänge bzw. Nocken mit unterchiedlichem Radius R im Nockenbereich aufweist oder wenn der Radius R im Nockenbereich variabel ist. Die Herstellung der Vorsprünge vereinfachtsich insbesondere dann wesentlich, wenn der Nocken abgerundet ist. Nach besonderen Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind drei um 120° bzw. vier um 90° versetzte Werkzeughalter vorgesehen. Dabei ist es vorteilhaft, wenn nur in einem Werkzeughalter eine Drückrolle mit Nocken vorgesehen ist, da hierdurch eine aufwendigeJustierarbeit der Nocken in den einzelnen Werkzeughaltern vermieden werden kann. Bei falscher Justierung würde sich u.U. in unerwünschterweise eine durchgehende Innenrippe ergeben.To form different projection geometries (length, height, etc.), it is recommended if the pressure roller has cams with different circumferential lengths or cams with different radius R in the cam area or if the radius R in the cam area is variable. The production of the projections is particularly simplified when the cam is rounded. According to special embodiments of the invention, three tool holders offset by 120 ° or four by 90 ° are provided. It is advantageous if a pressure roller with cams is provided in only one tool holder, since this avoids the need for complex adjustment work of the cams in the individual tool holders. In the event of incorrect adjustment, undesirably result in a continuous inner rib.

Die Erfindung wird anhand der folgenden Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt

  • Fig. 1 perspektivisch einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes Rippenrohr,
  • Fig. 2a einen Längsschnitt durch ein erfindungsgemässes Rippenrohr gemäss Linie C-D in Fig. 2b und
  • Fig. 2b einen Querschnitt gemäss Linie A-B in Fig. 2a,
  • Fig. 3 eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung des Rippenrohres,
  • Fig. 4 die schematische Anordnung der Werkzeughalter bei einer Vorrichtung nach Fig. 3 und
  • Fig. 5 schematisch die Anordnung einer Drückrolle mit zwei Nocken und eines Rippenrohres.
The invention is explained in more detail using the following exemplary embodiments. It shows
  • 1 shows in perspective a longitudinal section through a finned tube according to the invention,
  • Fig. 2a shows a longitudinal section through a finned tube according to the invention along line CD in Fig. 2b and
  • 2b shows a cross section along line AB in Fig. 2a,
  • 3 shows a device for producing the finned tube,
  • Fig. 4 shows the schematic arrangement of the tool holder in a device according to Fig. 3 and
  • Fig. 5 shows schematically the arrangement of a spinning roller with two cams and a finned tube.

Das einstückige Rippenrohr 1 nach den Fig. 1 und 2a/2b weist auf der Rohraussenseite schraubenlinienförmig umlaufende Rippen 2 auf, zwischen denen eine Nut 3 gebildet ist. Die Nut 3 ist stellenweise vertieft, so dass Material aus der Rohrwandung 4 nach innen verlagert ist und damit entlang einer Schraubenlinie voneinander getrennte Vorsprünge 5 (die Schraffur deutet jeweils die Erhabenheit der Vorsprünge an) gebildet sind. Diese Schraubenlinie weist denselben Steigungswinkel auf wie die Schraubenlinie der äusseren Rippen 2. Die Fig. 1 zeigt beispielsweise drei der genannten Vorsprünge 5, die sich jeweils nur über einen Teil der Windung der Schraubenlinie erstrecken. Die Vorsprünge 5 sind gegeneinander versetzt. Insbesondere Fig. 2a zeigt deutlich, dass die Vorsprünge 5 - im Längsschnitt gesehen - kreisbogenförmig begrenzt sind.The one-piece finned tube 1 according to FIGS. 1 and 2a / 2b has, on the outside of the tube, ribs 2 running helically, between which a groove 3 is formed. The groove 3 is deepened in places, so that material is shifted inward from the tube wall 4 and thus protrusions 5 separated from one another along a helical line (the hatching in each case indicates the loftiness of the protrusions). This helix has the same pitch angle as the helix of the outer ribs 2. FIG. 1 shows, for example, three of the projections 5 mentioned, each of which extends only over part of the turn of the helix. The projections 5 are offset from one another. In particular, FIG. 2a clearly shows that the projections 5 - seen in longitudinal section - are delimited in a circular arc.

Die Herstellung des erfindungsgemässen Rippenrohres 1 erfolgt mittels der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Vorrichtung. Die Vorrichtung lässtsich bei drehendem Rohr oder bei drehendem Walzkopf verwenden. Im folgenden wird die Funktionsweise bei sich drehendem Rohr und bei eingängigem Walzverfahren erläutert:

  • Bei der Vorrichtung nach Fig. 3 sind ein Walzwerkzeug 6 und eine Drückrolle 7 in einem durch Ziff. 8 angedeuteten Werkzeughalter integriert. Es sind noch zwei weitere Werkzeughalter 8 vorgesehen, die jedoch jeweils nur ein Walzwerkzeug 6 aufweisen (hier ist nur ein Werkzeughalter 8 dargestellt). Entsprechend Fig. 4 sind die insgesamt drei mit 1,11,111 bezeichneten Werkzeughalter 8 um 120° versetzt am Umfang des Rippenrohres 1 angeordnet.
The finned tube 1 according to the invention is produced by means of the device shown in FIG. 3. The device can be used with a rotating tube or with a rotating roller head. The following explains how it works with a rotating pipe and a one-pass rolling process:
  • In the device according to FIG. 3, a rolling tool 6 and a pressure roller 7 are in a by Ziff. 8 indicated tool holder integrated. Two further tool holders 8 are also provided, but each have only one rolling tool 6 (only one tool holder 8 is shown here). 4, the total of three tool holders 8, designated 1, 11, 111, are arranged offset by 120 ° on the circumference of the finned tube 1.

Die Werkzeughalter 8 sind radial zustellbar. Es können beispielsweise auch vier oder mehr Werkzeughalter 8 benutzt werden. Die Werkzeughalter 8 ihrerseits sind in einem ortsfesten (nicht dargestellten) Walzkopf angeodnet. Das in Pfeilrichtung einlaufende Glattrohr 1' wird durch die am Umfang des Rohres angeordneten, angetriebenen Walzwerkzeuge 6 in Drehung versetzt, deren Achse schräg zur Rohrachse verläuft. Die Walzwerkzeuge 6 bestehen in an sich bekannter Weise aus nebeneinander angeordneten Walzscheiben 9, deren Durchmesser in Pfeilrichtung ansteigt. Die zentrisch angeordneten Walzwerkzeuge 6 formen in bekannterweise die Rippen 2 aus der Rohrwandung 4 des Glattrohres 1', wobei das Glattrohr 1' durch einen Walzdorn 10 unterstützt wird. Der Walzdorn 10 endet jeweils mit der letzten Walzscheibe 9' der Walzwerkzeuge 6. Bei dem Walzvorgang findet zunächst in einem vorderen Bereich (Einzugsbereich) eine Durchmesserreduzierung statt. Im Fertigwalzbereich erfolgt dann das Ausweiten der schraubenlinienförmig umlaufenden Rippen 2. In einem Werkzeughalter 8 ist dem Walzwerkzeug 6 eine Drückrolle7 nachgeschaltet, deren Dicke kleiner ausgebildet ist als die Dicke der letzten Walzscheibe 9'. Die Drückrolle 7 weist einen Nocken 11 auf, wobei der Radius R im Nokkenbereich: grösser ist als der Radius der letzen Walzscheibe 9'. Durch den abgerundeten Nocken 11 wird die Nut 3 zwischen den Rippen 2 stellenweise vertieft und damit Vorsprünge 5 auf der Rohrinnenseite ausgebildet. Der in Fig. 3 dargestellte, im Durchmesser abgesetzte Teil des Walzdornes 10 dient lediglich zur Führung, des Rippenrohres 1, für die Ausbildung der Vorsprünge 5 ist er nicht erforderlich.The tool holder 8 can be advanced radially. For example, four or more tool holders 8 can also be used. The tool holders 8 are in turn arranged in a stationary (not shown) rolling head. The smooth pipe 1 'entering in the direction of the arrow is set in rotation by the driven rolling tools 6 arranged on the circumference of the pipe, the axis of which extends obliquely to the pipe axis. The rolling tools 6 consist, in a manner known per se, of roller disks 9 arranged side by side, the diameter of which increases in the direction of the arrow. The centrally arranged rolling tools 6 form the ribs 2 in a known manner from the tube wall 4 of the smooth tube 1 ', the smooth tube 1' being supported by a rolling mandrel 10. The mandrel 10 ends with the last roll disc 9 'of the rolling tools 6. During the rolling process, a diameter reduction takes place in a front area (feed area). In the finish-rolling area, the helical circumferential ribs 2 are then expanded. In a tool holder 8, the rolling tool 6 is followed by a pressure roller 7, the thickness of which is smaller than the thickness of the last rolling disk 9 '. The pressure roller 7 has a cam 11, the radius R in the cam area: being greater than the radius of the last roller disk 9 '. Due to the rounded cam 11, the groove 3 between the ribs 2 is deepened in places and thus projections 5 are formed on the inside of the tube. The part of the rolling mandrel 10 shown in FIG. 3 with a diameter is only used for guiding the finned tube 1, it is not necessary for the formation of the projections 5.

In Fig. 5 ist schematisch die Zuordnung von Drückrolle 7 inkl. zweier Nocken 11 unterschiedlicher Umfangslänge zum Rippenrohr 1 dargestellt, und zwar für die Verhältnisse am Nutengrund der Nut 3.5 schematically shows the assignment of the pressure roller 7 including two cams 11 of different circumferential length to the finned tube 1, specifically for the conditions at the bottom of the groove 3.

Die Verhältnisse wurden soweit nur für zwei Nuten 11 am Umfang der Drückrolle 7 dargestellt, die Verhältnisse mit drei und mehr Nocken 11 sind analog.The conditions have so far only been shown for two grooves 11 on the circumference of the pressure roller 7, the conditions with three and more cams 11 are analogous.

Beispielexample

Ausgehend von einem äusseren Glattrohr 1' aus SF-Cu mit 21,8 mm Aussendurchmesser und 2,0 mm Wanddicke wurde mit einer Vorrichtung nach Fig. 3 ein Rippenrohr 1 mit den Abmessungen nach der folgenden Tabelle hergestellt. Dabei betrug der Durchmesser der verwendeten Walzscheiben 9 60,80 mm, die Drückrolle 7 hatte ebenfalls einen Durchmesser ⌀ = 60,80 mm, im Bereich des einen Nockens 11 einen Durchmeser von 61,6 mm, der Walzdorn 10 hatte einen Durchmesser von 16,5 mm. Die radial zustellbaren Walzwerkzeuge 6 wurden mit einer Anfangsdrehzahf von etwa 150 bis 200 U/min und mit einer etwa um den Faktor 3 höheren Enddrehzahl angetrieben.

Figure imgb0003
Infolge des Druckmesserverhältnisses von etwa 60 mm für die Drückrolle 7 zu etwa 20 mm für das Rippenrohr 1 am Nutengrund liegt also beim eingängigen Walzen jeweils nach jeder dritten Rohrumdrehung ein Vorsprung 5 vor.Starting from an outer smooth tube 1 'made of SF-Cu with an outside diameter of 21.8 mm and a wall thickness of 2.0 mm, a finned tube 1 with the dimensions according to the following table was produced with a device according to FIG. 3. The diameter of the rolling disks 9 used was 60.80 mm, the pressure roller 7 also had a diameter ⌀ = 60.80 mm, in the region of the one cam 11 a diameter of 61.6 mm, the rolling mandrel 10 had a diameter of 16. 5 mm. The radially adjustable rolling tools 6 were driven at an initial speed of approximately 150 to 200 rpm and at a final speed which was approximately three times higher.
Figure imgb0003
 As a result of the pressure gauge ratio of approximately 60 mm for the pressure roller 7 to approximately 20 mm for the finned tube 1 at the bottom of the groove, there is a protrusion 5 after every third tube rotation in the case of single-pass rolling.

Die axiale Rohrlänge L beträgt nach der Beziehung

Figure imgb0004
mit ⌀ = 60,8mm,dk = 18,4 mm, n=1, m=l, tR= 2,2 mm,
Figure imgb0005
Rohrlänge liegt jeweils ein Vorsprung 5 vor.The axial pipe length L is according to the relationship
Figure imgb0004
 with ⌀ = 60.8mm, d k = 18.4mm, n = 1, m = l, t R = 2.2mm,
Figure imgb0005
 Each tube length has a projection 5.

Die so hergestellten Rippenrohre 1 zeigten nicht nur gute Wärmeübertragungseigenschaften, sondern auch einen relativ geringen Druckverlust.The finned tubes 1 produced in this way not only showed good heat transfer properties, but also a relatively low pressure drop.

Claims (28)

1. An integral finned tube (1), particularly for heat exchangers and the like, having fins (2) running in a single or multiple threaded and helical fashion around the circumference of the tube and having tube wall material displaced radially to the inside of the tube to form projections (5), said material being arranged according to groove (3) located between fins (2) and also running in. a helical fashion, said helix or helixes of the displaced tube wall material having the same pitch as said helix or helixes of the fins (2) running around the circumference of the tube, wherein projections (5) extend over part of the helix or helixes only.
2. Finned tube according to Claim 1, wherein projections (5) extend over less than one winding of the helix.
3. Finned tube according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein projections (5) vary in length.
4. Finned tube according to Claims 1 to 3, wherein projections (5) exhibit a height (H) of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
5. Finned tube according to Claim 4, wherein; successive projections (5) differ in height (H).
6. Finned tube according to Claim 4 or 5, wherein height (H) varies within a projection (5).
7. Finned tube according to Claims 1 to 6, wherein projections (5) have the shape of an arc of the circle in the longitudinal section
8. Finned tube according to Claims 1 to 7 wherein projections (5) are offset against each other along the length of the tube.
9. Finned tube according to Claims 1 to 7, wherein projections (5) are aligned along the length of thetube.
10. Finned tube according to Claims 8 and 9, wherein projections (5) are alternately offset and aligned along the length of the tube.
11. Finned tube according to Claims 1 to 10, wherein at least one projection (5) is provided within an axial tube length of
Figure imgb0009
where ⌀ = diam. of spinning roll (7), dK = root diameter, n = number of threads, tR = fin pitch of finned tube (1), and m = number of cams (11) on spinning roll (7).
12. Finned tube according to Claim 11, wherein the limiting value of
Figure imgb0010
equals (1 +√2
13. Finned tube according to Claim 11, wherein the limiting value of (0) equals (3+2√3 .
14. Finned tube according to Claims 11 to 13, wherein at least one projection (5) is provided within a tube length of 5 to 20 mm with single- thread fins (2).
15. Finned tube according to Claims 11 to 13, wherein at least one projection (5) is provided within a tube length of n x (5 to 20) mm with n-thread fins (2) (n = 2, 3, ...).
16. Method for the manufacture of a finned tube (1 ) according to Claims 1 to 15, including the following steps:
(a) Forming of fins (2) of increasing height on the outside of an otherwise unformed plain tube (1'), which fins run helically around the tube, by displacement of the material making up the tube wall (4) in an outward direction by means of a rolling process, the resulting finned tube (1) being rotated and/or advanced as the fins (2) are generated by the rolling forces,
(b) supporting of the plain tube (1') by a mandrel (10) located inside said plain tube,
(c) the fins (2) having been generated, groove (3) between fins (2) is pressed toward the inside through radial pressure and the absence of support through the inner mandrel, so that the tube wall material is displacesd towards the tube inside to form projections (5), wherein
(d) the radial pressure is applied but locally along one or a plurality of helixes.
17. Method according to Claim 16, wherein the radial pressure is applied over part of a winding of the helix only.
18.. Method according to Claim 16 or 17, wherein the radial pressure differs in magnitude.
19. Apparatus for the implementation of the method according to Claims 16 to 18, wherein
(a) there are at least 2 radially advanceable tool holders (8) offset around the circumference of the finned tube (1) and arranged irrastationary rolling head.
(b) each tool harder (8) comprises a driven rolling tool (6) consisting of one or a plurality of rolling disks (9) and having an axle arranged at an angle to the tube axis.
(c) the rolling disks (9) exhibit an increasing diameter,
(d) there is at least one spinng roll (7) arranged downstream of rolling tool (6) in at least one tool holder (8), said spinning roll being thinner than the last rolling disk (9').
(e) the rolling mandrel (10) ends with the last rolling disk (9') of the rolling tools (6), wherein
(f) spinning roll (7) exhibits at least one radially projeting cam (11) for the formation af projections (5) on the tube inside, radius (R) in the cam area exceeding the radius of the last rolling disk (9')
20. Apparatus for the implementation of the method according to Claims 16 to 18, wherein
(a) there are at least 2 radially advanceable tool holders (8) arranged around the circumference of the finned tube (1), offset against each other and arranged in a rolling head, said rolling head being pivoted and drivable along the circumference of the tube,
(b) each tool holder (8) exhibits a rolling tool (6) consisting of one or a plurality of rolling disks (9) and an axle arranged at an angle to the tube axis,
(c) the rolling disks (9) exhibit an increasing diameter,
(d) a clamping means is provided for the tube,
(e) there is at least one spinning roll (7) arranged downstream of the rolling tool (6) in at least one tool holder (8), said spinning roll being thinner than the last rolling disk (9'),
(f) the rolling mandrel (10) ends with the last rolling disk (9') of the rolling tools (6), wherein
(g) spinning roll (7) exhibits at least one radially projecting cam (11) for the formation of projections (5) on the tube inside with the radius (R) in the cam area exceeding the radius of the last rolling disk (9').
21. Apparatus according to Claims 19 and 20, wherein spinning rolls (7) exhibit cams (11) of varying circumferential length.
22. Apparatus according to Claims 19 to 21, wherein spinning rolls (7) exhibit cams (11) of varying circumferential length.
22. Apparatus according to Claims 19 to 21, wherein spinning rolls (7) exhibit cams (11) having a varying radius (R) in the cam area.
23. Apparatus according to Claims 19 to 22, wherein radius (R) in the cam area is variable.
24. Apparatus to Claims 19 to 22, wherein cam (11 ) is rounded.
25. Apparatus according to Claims 19 to 24, wherein 3 tool holders (8) are provided and offset by 120°.
26. Appartus according to Claims 19 to 24, wherein 4 tool holders (8) are provided and offset by 90°.
27. Apparatus according to Claims 19 to 26, wherein a spinning roll (7) with cams (11) is provided on one tool holder (8) only.
EP19820108141 1982-09-03 1982-09-03 Finned tube with internal projections and method and apparatus for its manufacture Expired EP0102407B1 (en)

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EP19820108141 EP0102407B1 (en) 1982-09-03 1982-09-03 Finned tube with internal projections and method and apparatus for its manufacture
DE8282108141T DE3269190D1 (en) 1982-09-03 1982-09-03 Finned tube with internal projections and method and apparatus for its manufacture

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EP0102407B1 true EP0102407B1 (en) 1986-02-19

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CN103217047A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-07-24 佛山神威热交换器有限公司 Three-dimensional taper finned tube

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DE10212491B4 (en) * 2002-03-21 2005-06-02 Wieland-Werke Ag Finned tube with internal projections
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CN103217047A (en) * 2013-03-26 2013-07-24 佛山神威热交换器有限公司 Three-dimensional taper finned tube

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