EP0101795B1 - Fragmentation projectile with splinter effect - Google Patents

Fragmentation projectile with splinter effect Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0101795B1
EP0101795B1 EP83105209A EP83105209A EP0101795B1 EP 0101795 B1 EP0101795 B1 EP 0101795B1 EP 83105209 A EP83105209 A EP 83105209A EP 83105209 A EP83105209 A EP 83105209A EP 0101795 B1 EP0101795 B1 EP 0101795B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
projectile
explosive
fact
bodies
charge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83105209A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0101795A1 (en
Inventor
Ernst-Wilhelm Altenau
Ulf Dipl.-Phys. Dr.Rer.Nat. Hahn
Udo Dipl.-Ing. Sabranski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
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Rheinmetall GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0101795A1 publication Critical patent/EP0101795A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0101795B1 publication Critical patent/EP0101795B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
    • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
    • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
    • F42B12/20—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type
    • F42B12/22—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction
    • F42B12/32—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of high-explosive type with fragmentation-hull construction the hull or case comprising a plurality of discrete bodies, e.g. steel balls, embedded therein or disposed around the explosive charge

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an explosive projectile with a single or multi-layer outer shell according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such an explosive projectile is known from DE-OS 2 518 044.
  • the splinter bodies arranged in the multilayered outer shell also extend into the ogival front part of the projectile body, the splinter effect which can be achieved thereby is not yet satisfactory in the direction of flight.
  • the splinter bodies are accelerated predominantly in the radial direction, with the result that an optimal splinter effect cannot be achieved in a certain solid angle region immediately in front of the explosive projectile.
  • the detonator which is necessarily arranged in the tip of the explosive projectile and detonates the impact projectile upon impact and / or approach, prevents a more suitable splintering effect in this known solution.
  • the invention has for its object to significantly increase the splintering effect, in particular directly in the direction of flight of the explosive projectile, and at the same time to reduce the cost of producing such a projectile.
  • FIG. 1 shows an explosive projectile with a multilayer outer casing 19, 19 ', 19 ", in which at least one layer comprises preformed splinter bodies 20.
  • an igniter 11 is arranged, which in a manner known per se serves as an impact detonator and / or proximity fuse or time fuse is formed and detonates the explosive charge 12 carried by the explosive projectile 10.
  • the detonator 11 comprises a rear part 13 which, coaxially enclosed by the outer casing 19, projects into the explosive charge 12.
  • the z. B. have spherical shape and made of a suitable material such. B. steel or heavy metal. Tungsten and tungsten compounds are particularly suitable.
  • the splinter bodies 14 are preferably arranged between a fuse device 18 contained in the igniter 11 and the booster charge 15, in such a way that they surround an additional intermediate charge 16 in the form of a ring jacket, which pyrotechnically connects the transfer charge usually contained in the fuse device 18 with the booster charge 15.
  • the intermediate charge 16 is expediently cylindrical and surrounded by a tube 17. This arrangement ensures that after triggering the detonator 1 the ignition to the booster charge 15 takes place faster than the lateral energy spread through the explosive vapor.
  • the preformed splinter bodies 14 contained in the rear part 13 of the detonator 11 are already accelerated in the flight direction of the explosive projectile by the booster charge 15 ignited via the transfer charge 16.
  • the manufacture of the splinter carrier body can - as will be explained with reference to FIG. - be made substantially cheaper by the fact that the preformed splitter bodies 14, 20 are permanently embedded in a carrier body 21 made of a flexible plastic at a certain production stage.
  • the local distribution of the splinter body 14, 20 is freely selectable here.
  • a regular single-layer arrangement of preformed splinter bodies 14, 20 is shown. It is of course possible to provide an irregular local distribution and / or a multi-layer arrangement of preformed splinter bodies 14, 20, wherein splinter bodies 14, 20 with different weights or different external shapes can also be introduced into the carrier material 21.
  • the flexible plastic carrier 21 is placed in the required length in the form of an annular jacket around the transfer charge 17 arranged centrally axially in the igniter 11 and, if necessary, permanently connected to it by heat shrinking and / or gluing. Casting the splinter body in plastic is also possible.
  • the splinter body 20 in layer 19 "of the multi-part outer shell 19, 19 ', 19" can also be fixed in this way.
  • the splinter bodies 14 are arranged in front of the safety device 18 and booster charge 15 in the direction of flight of the explosive projectile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
  • Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Sprenggeschoß mit einer ein- oder mehrschichtigen Außenhülle nach dem Oberbegriff des Patentanspruchs 1.The invention relates to an explosive projectile with a single or multi-layer outer shell according to the preamble of claim 1.

Ein derartiges Sprenggeschoß ist aus der DE-OS 2 518 044 bekannt. Obgleich bei diesem bekannten Geschoß die in der mehrschichtigen Außenhülle angeordneten Splitterkörper sich auch bis in den ogivalen vorderen Teil des Geschoßkörpers erstrecken, ist die damit erzielbare Splitterwirkung unmittelbar in Flugrichtung noch nicht zufriedenstellend. Die Splitterkörper werden vorwiegend in Radialrichtung beschleunigt, mit der Folge, daß in einem bestimmten Raumwinkelbereich unmittelbar vor dem Sprenggeschoß keine optimale Splitterwirkung zu erzielen ist. Der notwendigerweise in der Spitze des Sprenggeschosses angeordnete Zünder, der bei Aufschlag und/oder Annäherung das Sprenggeschoß zur Detonation bringt, verhindert bei dieser bekannten Lösung eine geeignetere Splitterwirkung.Such an explosive projectile is known from DE-OS 2 518 044. Although in this known projectile the splinter bodies arranged in the multilayered outer shell also extend into the ogival front part of the projectile body, the splinter effect which can be achieved thereby is not yet satisfactory in the direction of flight. The splinter bodies are accelerated predominantly in the radial direction, with the result that an optimal splinter effect cannot be achieved in a certain solid angle region immediately in front of the explosive projectile. The detonator, which is necessarily arranged in the tip of the explosive projectile and detonates the impact projectile upon impact and / or approach, prevents a more suitable splintering effect in this known solution.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, die Splitterwirkung, insbesondere unmittelbar in Flugrichtung des Sprenggeschosses, wesentlich zu vergrößern und gleichzeitig die Herstellung eines solchen Geschosses zu verbilligen.The invention has for its object to significantly increase the splintering effect, in particular directly in the direction of flight of the explosive projectile, and at the same time to reduce the cost of producing such a projectile.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im Patentanspruch 1 angegebene Erfindung gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention specified in claim 1.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung gehen aus den Unteransprüchen hervor.Advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend unter Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Dabei zeigt:

  • Figur 1 ein Sprenggeschoß im Längsschnitt ;
  • Figur 2 eine schematische Teilansicht der die Splitterkörper enthaltenden Schicht ;
  • Figur 3 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel.
It shows:
  • Figure 1 is an explosive projectile in longitudinal section;
  • Figure 2 is a schematic partial view of the layer containing the splinter body;
  • Figure 3 shows another embodiment.

Fig. 1 zeigt ein Sprenggeschoß mit einer mehrschichtigen Außenhülle 19, 19', 19", bei der mindestens eine Schicht vorgeformte Splitterkörper 20 umfaßt. Kopfseitig ist ein Zünder 11 angeordnet, der auf an sich bekannte Weise als Aufschlagzünder und/oder Annäherungszünder bzw. Zeitzünder ausgebildet ist und der die vom Sprenggeschoß 10 mitgeführte Spengladung 12 zur Detonation bringt.1 shows an explosive projectile with a multilayer outer casing 19, 19 ', 19 ", in which at least one layer comprises preformed splinter bodies 20. At the top, an igniter 11 is arranged, which in a manner known per se serves as an impact detonator and / or proximity fuse or time fuse is formed and detonates the explosive charge 12 carried by the explosive projectile 10.

Der Zünder 11 umfaßt einen hinteren Teil 13, der von der Außenhülle 19 koaxial umschlossen in die Sprengladung 12 hineinragt. In diesem hinteren Teil 13 des Zünders 11 sind vorgeformte Splitterkörper 14 angeordnet, die z. B. Kugelgestalt haben und aus einem geeigneten Material, wie z. B. Stahl oder Schwermetall bestehen können. Besonders gut geeignet sind Wolfram und Wolframverbindungen.The detonator 11 comprises a rear part 13 which, coaxially enclosed by the outer casing 19, projects into the explosive charge 12. In this rear part 13 of the igniter 11 preformed splinter body 14 are arranged, the z. B. have spherical shape and made of a suitable material such. B. steel or heavy metal. Tungsten and tungsten compounds are particularly suitable.

Die Splitterkörper 14 sind vorzugsweise zwischen einer im Zünder 11 enthaltenen Sicherungseinrichtung 18 und der Verstärkerladung 15 angeordnet, und zwar derart, daß sie ringmantelförmig eine zusätzlich vorgesehene Zwischenladung 16 umgeben, die die üblicherweise in der Sicherungseinrichtung 18 enthaltene Übertragungsladung mit der Verstärkerladung 15 pyrotechnisch verbindet. Dazu wird die Zwischenladung 16 zweckmäßig zylindrisch ausgebildet und von einem Rohr 17 umfaßt. Durch diese Anordnung wird sichergestellt, daß nach Auslösung des Zünders 1 die Durchzündung zur Verstärkerladung 15 zeitlich schneller abläuft als die seitliche Energieausbreitung durch die Sprengstoffschwaden. Dadurch werden die im hineren Teil 13 des Zünders 11 enthaltenen vorgeformten Splitterkörper 14 schon durch die über die Übertragungsladung 16 angezündete Verstärkerladung 15 in Flugrichtung des Sprenggeschosses beschleunigt. Dadurch ergibt sich eine im Vergleich zu herkömmlichen Sprenggeschossen wesentlich verbesserte Splitterwirkung, besonders in unmittelbar vor dem Geschoßkopf liegenden Raumwinkelbereichen. Aufgrund der Tatsache, daß gern. Fig. der die Splitterkörper 14 enthaltende hintere Teil 13 des Zünders 11 in die Sprengladung 12 des Sprenggeschosses 10 hineinragt, werden bei der Detonation der Sprengladung 12 die vorgeformten Splitterkörper 14 durch die Sprengstoffschwaden zusätzlich zusammengehalten und noch enger gebündelt in Flugrichtung des Sprenggeschosses ausgestoßen.The splinter bodies 14 are preferably arranged between a fuse device 18 contained in the igniter 11 and the booster charge 15, in such a way that they surround an additional intermediate charge 16 in the form of a ring jacket, which pyrotechnically connects the transfer charge usually contained in the fuse device 18 with the booster charge 15. For this purpose, the intermediate charge 16 is expediently cylindrical and surrounded by a tube 17. This arrangement ensures that after triggering the detonator 1 the ignition to the booster charge 15 takes place faster than the lateral energy spread through the explosive vapor. As a result, the preformed splinter bodies 14 contained in the rear part 13 of the detonator 11 are already accelerated in the flight direction of the explosive projectile by the booster charge 15 ignited via the transfer charge 16. This results in a significantly improved splintering effect compared to conventional explosive projectiles, especially in solid angle areas directly in front of the projectile head. Due to the fact that like. Fig. The rear part 13 of the detonator 11 containing the splinter body 14 protrudes into the explosive charge 12 of the explosive projectile 10, the detonated explosive charge 12, the preformed splinter body 14 are additionally held together by the explosive vapor and ejected more tightly in the direction of flight of the explosive projectile.

Es ist auch denkbar, die Splitter (in Schußrichtung gesehen) vor Sicherungseinrichtung 18 und Verstärkerladung 15 anzuordnen (Fig.3). In diesem Falle würden die Zwischenladung 16 und das Rohr 17 entfallen.It is also conceivable to arrange the splitters (seen in the firing direction) in front of the securing device 18 and booster charge 15 (FIG. 3). In this case, the intermediate charge 16 and the tube 17 would be omitted.

Die Herstellung des Splitterträgerkörpers kann - wie anhand von Fig. erläutert wird - dadurch wesentlich verbilligt werden, daß die vorgeformten Splitterkörper 14, 20 in einem bestimmten Fertigungsstadium dauerhaft in einen aus einem flexiblen Kunststoff bestehenden Trägerkörper 21 eingebettet werden. Die örtliche Verteilung der Splitterkörper 14, 20 ist hierbei nach Belieben frei wählbar. In dem in Fig. 2 dargestellten schematischen Ausführungsbeispiel ist eine einschichtige regelmäßige Anordnung von vorgeformten Splitterkörpern 14, 20 wiedergegeben. Es ist selbstverständlich möglich, eine unregelmäßige örtliche Verteilung und/oder eine mehrschichtige Anordnung von vorgeformten Splitterkörpern 14, 20 vorzusehen, wobei zusätzlich auch noch Splitterkörper 14, 20 mit unterschiedlichem Gewicht bzw. abweichenden Außenformen in das Trägermaterial 21 eingebracht werden können. In weiteren Schritten des Herstellungsverfahrens wird der flexible Kunststoffträger 21 in der dafür erforderlichen Länge ringmantelförmig um die zentralaxial im Zünder 11 angeordnete Übertragungsladung 17 herumgelegt und ggf. durch Wärmeschrumpfung und/oder Verkleben mit dieser dauerhaft verbunden. Auch ein Vergießen der Splitterkörper in Kunststoff ist möglich. Auch die Splitterkörper 20 in Schicht 19" der mehrteiligen Außenhülle 19, 19', 19" können auf diese Weise fixiert werden.The manufacture of the splinter carrier body can - as will be explained with reference to FIG. - be made substantially cheaper by the fact that the preformed splitter bodies 14, 20 are permanently embedded in a carrier body 21 made of a flexible plastic at a certain production stage. The local distribution of the splinter body 14, 20 is freely selectable here. In the schematic exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 2, a regular single-layer arrangement of preformed splinter bodies 14, 20 is shown. It is of course possible to provide an irregular local distribution and / or a multi-layer arrangement of preformed splinter bodies 14, 20, wherein splinter bodies 14, 20 with different weights or different external shapes can also be introduced into the carrier material 21. In further steps of the production process, the flexible plastic carrier 21 is placed in the required length in the form of an annular jacket around the transfer charge 17 arranged centrally axially in the igniter 11 and, if necessary, permanently connected to it by heat shrinking and / or gluing. Casting the splinter body in plastic is also possible. The splinter body 20 in layer 19 "of the multi-part outer shell 19, 19 ', 19" can also be fixed in this way.

Die Verbilligung des Herstellungsverfahrens ergibt sich insbesondere daraus, daß durch den flexiblen Kunststoffträger 21 eine gute Fixierung der Splitterkörper 14, 20 in nahezu beliebiger Verteilung möglich wird, was die nachfolgenden Herstellungsschritte erleichtert.He made the manufacturing process cheaper This results in particular from the fact that the flexible plastic carrier 21 enables the splinter bodies 14, 20 to be fixed well in almost any distribution, which facilitates the subsequent production steps.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung sind die Splitterkörper 14 in Flugrichtung des Sprenggeschosses gesehen vor der Sicherungseinrichtung 18 und Verstärkerladung 15 angeordnet.In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the splinter bodies 14 are arranged in front of the safety device 18 and booster charge 15 in the direction of flight of the explosive projectile.

Claims (6)

1. An explosive projectile with a single or multilayer external casing (19) and wherein at least one layer comprises preformed fragmentation bodies (20), the projectile having a front detonator (11) characterized by the fact that the rear part (13) of the detonator (11) contains fragmentation bodies (14).
2. An explosive projectile in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by the fact an intermediate charge (16) in the form of a cylinder surrounded by a pipe tube (17) is provided between a safety device (18) and a booster charge (15) which detonates the explosive charge (12), the bodies (14) forming an annular casing surrounding the said intermediate charge (16).
3. An explosive projectile in accordance with Claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the fragmentation bodies (14) are spherical.
4. An explosive projectile in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized by the fact that the fragmentation bodies (14) are made of a heavy metal such as tungsten.
5. An explosive projectile in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the preformed fragmentation bodies (14) are distributed in a desired manner in a resilient carrier material (21) such as a plastic.
6. An explosive projectile in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the fragmentation bodies (14) precede the safety device (18) and the booster charge (15) as viewed in the direction of flight.
EP83105209A 1982-07-02 1983-05-26 Fragmentation projectile with splinter effect Expired EP0101795B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823224704 DE3224704A1 (en) 1982-07-02 1982-07-02 EXPLOSIVE FLOOR WITH A SINGLE OR MULTILAYERED EXTERNAL COVER
DE3224704 1982-07-02

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0101795A1 EP0101795A1 (en) 1984-03-07
EP0101795B1 true EP0101795B1 (en) 1986-01-02

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EP83105209A Expired EP0101795B1 (en) 1982-07-02 1983-05-26 Fragmentation projectile with splinter effect

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US (1) US4524696A (en)
EP (1) EP0101795B1 (en)
DE (3) DE3224704A1 (en)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2179125A (en) * 1985-07-13 1987-02-25 Diehl Gmbh & Co Warhead
JPS62116900A (en) * 1985-10-22 1987-05-28 ロイアル・オ−ドナンス・ピ−・エル・シ− Explosive firing body
JPS62116899A (en) * 1985-10-22 1987-05-28 ロイアル・オ−ドナンス・ピ−・エル・シ− Explosive firing body
US4882996A (en) * 1987-10-30 1989-11-28 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Explosive projectile assembly with a projectile body
US5900580A (en) * 1996-07-03 1999-05-04 Diehl Stiftung & Co. Explosive projectile
EP0918207A2 (en) 1997-11-21 1999-05-26 Diehl Stiftung & Co. Fragmentation-type projectile
EP2031342A1 (en) 2007-07-20 2009-03-04 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH Target marking ammunition

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SE508651C2 (en) * 1995-10-05 1998-10-26 Bofors Ab Firearm gun intended for grenades
SE508652C2 (en) * 1995-10-05 1998-10-26 Bofors Ab Ways to distinguish false zone tube indications from indications of real targets as well as explosives filled with zone tube projectile
DE19648355A1 (en) * 1996-11-22 1999-07-15 Diehl Stiftung & Co Artillery shell for shrapnel production
SG82583A1 (en) * 1997-04-23 2001-08-21 Diehl Stiftung & Co Fragmentation body for a fragmentation projectile
SE519365C2 (en) * 2000-07-03 2003-02-18 Bofors Defence Ab Arrangement at sliding ammunition unit with modularly constructed combat elements
DE10057673A1 (en) * 2000-11-21 2002-05-23 Rheinmetall W & M Gmbh warhead
WO2004003460A1 (en) * 2002-06-26 2004-01-08 Geke Technologie Gmbh Projectile or warhead
US20090320711A1 (en) * 2004-11-29 2009-12-31 Lloyd Richard M Munition
US8006623B2 (en) * 2008-11-17 2011-08-30 Raytheon Company Dual-mass forward and side firing fragmentation warhead
WO2015175037A2 (en) 2014-02-11 2015-11-19 Raytheon Company Munition with outer enclosure
NO2726704T3 (en) * 2014-07-22 2018-02-24
SE541548C2 (en) * 2015-06-17 2019-10-29 Bae Systems Bofors Ab Procedure for pre-fragmentation of a combat part and pre-fragmented combat part
US10634472B1 (en) 2016-03-22 2020-04-28 Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems, Inc. Prefragmented warheads with enhanced performance
US11614311B1 (en) 2016-03-22 2023-03-28 Northrop Grumman Systems Corporation Prefragmented warheads with enhanced performance
RU2622562C1 (en) * 2016-03-25 2017-06-16 Федеральное государственное унитарное предприятие "Российский Федеральный ядерный центр - Всероссийский научно-исследовательский институт экспериментальной физики" (ФГУП "РФЯЦ-ВНИИЭФ") Fragmentation ammunition with three-dimensional destruction field
US11226181B2 (en) * 2017-03-06 2022-01-18 Omnitek Partners, L.L.C. High explosive fragmentation mortars
BG113125A (en) 2020-04-27 2021-11-15 "Трансармъри" Оод Axial cumulative ammunition

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DE2557676A1 (en) * 1975-12-20 1977-06-30 Diehl Fa Projectile contg. fragments of depleted uranium alloy - giving high penetrating power esp. armour piercing and incendiary action
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Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2179125A (en) * 1985-07-13 1987-02-25 Diehl Gmbh & Co Warhead
GB2179125B (en) * 1985-07-13 1989-07-19 Diehl Gmbh & Co Warhead
JPS62116900A (en) * 1985-10-22 1987-05-28 ロイアル・オ−ドナンス・ピ−・エル・シ− Explosive firing body
JPS62116899A (en) * 1985-10-22 1987-05-28 ロイアル・オ−ドナンス・ピ−・エル・シ− Explosive firing body
US4882996A (en) * 1987-10-30 1989-11-28 Diehl Gmbh & Co. Explosive projectile assembly with a projectile body
US5900580A (en) * 1996-07-03 1999-05-04 Diehl Stiftung & Co. Explosive projectile
EP0918207A2 (en) 1997-11-21 1999-05-26 Diehl Stiftung & Co. Fragmentation-type projectile
EP2031342A1 (en) 2007-07-20 2009-03-04 Rheinmetall Waffe Munition GmbH Target marking ammunition

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3361692D1 (en) 1986-02-13
US4524696A (en) 1985-06-25
DE8218940U1 (en) 1986-10-16
EP0101795A1 (en) 1984-03-07
DE3224704A1 (en) 1984-01-05

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