DE3235404A1 - Explosive charge - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to explosive charges against air and ground targets.

Defense against missiles or very fast aircraft is becoming more and more important and requires Explosive charges, which are more variable according to the flight object changing passage distances in the order of magnitude of one meter and a few meters are effective depending on the guidance system used.

This effectiveness must result in very severe damage to or destruction of the threat that is so that immediately and suddenly it has to interrupt its flight. Indeed, it would be a delay of just a few Seconds at the high speeds in question cause the opponent to give up in spite of this partial destruction leads to success.

In order to achieve the required performance, the invention developed a new type of charge, in particular effective against missiles or missiles or anti-missiles or anti-aircraft and the one blowing and perforating cutting action combined with each other, operating at very high speed according to its longitudinal axis or more or less inclined coils acts, so that the target does not miss at the distance considered can be.

Within the scope of the invention, this charge can be used in the same way against rotary wing aircraft, against men, against armored vehicles and used against concrete targets. For these purposes it can be used in a further development of the invention be provided with additional elements.

The charge according to the invention contains on its circumference in longitudinal

directional metallic cladding with outwardly oriented cavities, each of which at least one part is on generators parallel to the longitudinal axis of the load or on screws with with the axis of the charge coinciding with the screw axes and which are preferably V-shaped Have cross-section.

In a further embodiment of the invention, these longitudinal panels are preferably made of copper or tantalum.

In accordance with the invention, these linings have a generally V-shaped channel shape. Your angular opening is variable and adapted to the final result to be achieved. For example, without The scope of the invention is thus left, the opening angle preferably over 60 ° and optionally even over 100 °.

The metallic longitudinal cladding according to the invention are interconnected for example by soldering, Welding or electron bombardment connected. You can also directly by deforming a Be formed cylinder.

The aerodynamic forces, such as the control torques and the forces generated during handling, are in general Transferred solely through these cladding elements, which also serve as structural components. If If necessary, they can be reinforced by stiles made of resistant material on which the Claddings for example by welding, soldering, gluing, crimped connections or the like. Are attached.

The panels that create the desired effect create striking effects of a dihedral or channel

shaped shaped charge.

In addition, the effect of the V-shaped panels in a development of the invention can through Preformed splinters are added, which are distributed between these fairings over the perimeter of the cargo are.

These preformed fragments have a different effect than the other effect of the cargo by their kinetic effect and insofar an additional effect z. B. against helicopters and the Man. In addition, in a further development of the invention, the V-shaped cross-section arranged on the circumference having casings are completed by a front shaped charge cone, whose effect in the axial direction is aimed in particular against armored vehicles and concrete fastenings.

The charge according to the invention is carried out by one or more pyrotechnic detonators and one through Caused ignition column, which preferably extends over the, * ■ *, entire length of the charge.

The main loading of the cast explosive charge on the basis of hexolite or octolite is such that a percentage preferably more than 80% of hexogen or octogen is present.

The preferably cylindrical outer profile of the load is achieved by a lining of relatively low density and thickness protected. According to one embodiment, this cladding consists of a plastic material, preferably made of molded or wound material.

In a further development of the invention, the load can also - consist of two half-loads arranged one behind the other,

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where the orientation of their wedge-shaped or trough-shaped Boundaries (seen in a transverse plane) are offset from one another (offset by one half "gutter step" of one half load compared to the other). It is also possible to adjust the effective distance double by doubling the size or opening of the V-shaped panels to get a taller one Hit probability of the target to be achieved, or this possibility with the same effective distance double. According to the invention, this principle of displacement or offset can also be used in general will; For example, you can provide three, four .... 1/3 or 1/4 .... charges and thus the opening of the V-shaped columns, i.e. H. whose "step" vary according to the hit probability, the target alignment and the To change the distance effect of the destruction.

The explosive charge according to the invention also produces perforating effects divided in the longitudinal direction Space according to planes or coils according to the cladding arranged around the circumference (preferably in V-shape).

The concentration of the perforating Effects along these planes or spirals create disruptive effects at the target.

The combination of these separating effects with the blowing or blasting effect results in accordance with the invention (Intrinsic to the device; small circumferential coverings, therefore increased explosive charge coefficient for a given Mass) a higher efficiency, which the destruction or dismantling in the hit zone on the enemy with concentrated destruction and extinction of the target for significant target or passage distances,

which can go up to a few meters.

In this way one achieves a "momentary" or instantaneous destruction of the counter-mission.

According to the invention, these holes or perforations are at a greatly increased speed in of the order of a few 1000 m / s, which means that the proximity ignition of the missile Projectile or missile that carries this charge, thereby achieving an increased destructive effect will.

The various features and advantages of the invention are intended to be further explained in the following description will. However, these are only exemplary embodiments and there are also other possibilities of construction, Dimensions, shape arrangements, which also fall within the scope of the invention.

The drawings show in

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section along the line 1-1 of the figure. To reproduce an explosive charge, which with about circumferentially arranged V-shaped panels are equipped according to the invention;

Figure 2 is a section along line 2-2 of Figure 1;

3 shows a longitudinal section along the line 3-3 of the figure to reproduce the structure of an explosive charge. consisting of two half-loads, each of which has longitudinal panels with a V-section, the are offset from one another;

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Figure 4 is a cross-section along line 4-4

of Fig. 3; which shows the staggered arrangement of the two part loads;

5 shows a longitudinal section along the line 5-5 of FIG. 6 for reproducing an explosive charge, in the case of the longitudinally extending V-panels distributed over the circumference pre-formed splinters in the form of balls are assigned;

Figure 6 is a section along line 6-6 of Figure 5;

7 shows a longitudinal section along the line 7-7 of FIG. 8 for reproducing an explosive charge, in which, in addition to the V-shaped longitudinal interlocking, a cladding cone for a Shaped charge is provided;

Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line 8-8 of Figure 7;

^ Fig. 9 is a longitudinal section along the line 9-9 of the

10 shows an explosive charge with V-shaped ones extending in the longitudinal direction Cross-section cladding in combination with longitudinal bars made of resistant Material that allows the sole or complete transmission of mechanical forces allow the construction of the missile, projectile or missile, the fairings are arranged on these bars;

Fig. 10 is a section substantially along the line 10-10 of Fig. 9;

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11 shows a cross section through an explosive charge

for a schematic representation of the different perforation levels in the case of gutter cladding.

1 and 2, an explosive charge according to the invention is shown, which has a gutter lining in the longitudinal direction running, folded in V-shape panels 1, for example by welding, soldering or electron bombardment are connected to each other. In addition, a rear end with one end of the channel-shaped panels connected connecting plate 2, a front connecting plate 3, a front end plate 4, a rear end ring 5, an explosive charge 7, a continuous ignition column and a bandage 9 of low density and thickness, for example made of a coil or a molded plastic material.

According to the invention, the channel-shaped panels exist preferably made of copper or tantalum and the end parts 4 and 5 made of an aluminum alloy; the connecting plates or rings 2 and 3, those with the trough-shaped panels 1 are welded or soldered, are preferably made of steel.

3 and 4 show two half-loads 7 and 7 ¹ , the lining 1 of one half-load being offset by half a step with respect to the lining 1 'of the other half-load. Furthermore, an intermediate connecting ring 10 is provided, which is connected to both the cladding 1 and also to the cladding 1 ', for example by soldering or welding, and is used to join the two half-loads 7-7.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS are preformed splinters 11 (balls or pseudo-balls made of

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Steel, tungsten or uranium) arranged between the trough-shaped cladding 1 to give the explosive charge a to give additional effectiveness against aircraft and people. In this embodiment the mechanical connection between the two panels 1 takes place by longitudinal pieces 12 in U-shape, which also serve to accommodate the splinters 11.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS the explosive charge has a front conical cladding 13, preferably made of copper, as a hollow charge cladding, which the explosive charge against armored vehicles and makes concrete fastenings effective and directed in the forward direction of the explosive charge, wherein the axial effect is accompanied by the side effects of the V-shaped cross-section distributed over the circumference Panels 1 added. The conical cover 13 is attached to the front connecting ring 2.

In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the load with longitudinal bars 14 is made of resistant material Provide material that fully or partially ensures the transmission of mechanical forces. In this case, the channel-shaped claddings 1 are preferably welded, hard-soldered to these longitudinal rods 14, soldered, glued or riveted.

From Fig. 11 one recognizes the different planes 15, longitudinally which the perforating and cutting effects are distributed at the angle oC, those by the lengthways Directional circumferential panels 1 with an opening width ρ can be generated.

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Claims (14)

Claims fly explosive charge, especially against missiles, rockets, Projectiles, armored and tracked vehicles and concrete fortifications, As well as against the man for missiles, rockets, projectiles and the like, characterized in that on the circumference of the explosive charge is provided with metallic longitudinal cladding (1) with outwardly oriented cavities, the respective cross-section of which is supported on generators parallel to the longitudinal axis of the charge (7) or via coils placed around the charge axis and preferably and in the essentially has the shape of a V. 2. An explosive charge according to claim 1, characterized in that the metallic cladding (1) consists of Made of copper or tantalum. 3. explosive charge according to claim 1 or 2, characterized characterized in that the entire circumferential surface of the explosive charge through the fairings (1) is covered, which od with each other by in particular welding, soldering, brazing, electron bombardment. are connected. 4. explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized I ^ net that the metallic longitudinal cladding (1) S directly by deforming a cylinder accordingly are generated. 5. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized by net that the longitudinal panels are a general Have a channel shape, the opening angle of which is 60 ° to 100 °, and the cladding (1) as "self-welding" ί Shaped charges work. '" 6. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that "*" distributed over the circumference, at least partially the over Carrying mechanical forces serving longitudinal bars (14) are provided, on which the longitudinal panels (1) in particular by welding, brazing, soldering, electron bombardment, riveting or gluing are attached. 7. explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that preformed fragments (11) that provide an additional effect against aircraft and men, preferably bullets, Cube, pseudo-cube made of steel, tungsten or uranium, over the circumference of the explosive charge between the panels - (1) are provided. 8. explosive charge according to claim 7, characterized characterized in that the preformed splinters (11) are arranged in longitudinal strips (12), which also form longitudinal bars between the panels (1), and in particular through these panels Welding, soldering, brazing or riveting are attached. 9. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that they have an additional one at the front end Molded charge cone (13) preferably used against armored vehicles and concrete fastenings Has copper. 10. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it can be ignited by one or more pyrotechnic detonators, one of which runs the length of the main charge (7) ignite axial explosive column. 11. An explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that it consists of two half-charges (7-7 ¹ ) arranged one behind the other and connected by an intermediate connecting ring (10), in each of which the orientation of their V-shaped cross-section having circumferential panels ( 1-1 ') are offset by half a step or angle oC, and that for the same opening angle ρ of the cladding, the effective distance is ^{doubled or through an opening in the peripheral cladding (1-1 1} ) to double the value with the same possibility of targeting the target the double chance of hitting is achieved with the same effective distance. 12. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that - 4 COPY BATH ORIGINAL it has n partial loads arranged one behind the other, in which the orientation of their longitudinal V-panels (1-1 ') is offset by a fraction of 1 / n of the V angle cC of a single partial load 1 / n and the number n, the angle C *. and the opening ρ of this charge are chosen in such a way that the possibility of hitting and the effective distance are optimized. 13. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding Claims, characterized in that that on the one hand they have anti-missile and anti-helicopter effects in the form of a separating or tearing effect divided along planes or spirals according to the shape of the cladding combined with one Bubble effect and on the other hand anti-man, anti-aircraft and Has anti-concrete effect. 14. Explosive charge according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that that they have perforating effects due to very high speed of the order of several Thousands of m / s, which facilitates the control of the missile's proximity fuse on approach and thus creates an increased effectiveness of finding.