EP0100722A1 - Ausstossbare Verdämmungsmasse und mit einer solchen Masse versehene rückstossfreie Feuerwaffe - Google Patents

Ausstossbare Verdämmungsmasse und mit einer solchen Masse versehene rückstossfreie Feuerwaffe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0100722A1
EP0100722A1 EP83401533A EP83401533A EP0100722A1 EP 0100722 A1 EP0100722 A1 EP 0100722A1 EP 83401533 A EP83401533 A EP 83401533A EP 83401533 A EP83401533 A EP 83401533A EP 0100722 A1 EP0100722 A1 EP 0100722A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reaction mass
tube
container
barrel
barrel tube
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP83401533A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jean Deffayet
Etienne Lamarque
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thomson-Brandt SA
Original Assignee
Thomson-Brandt SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Thomson-Brandt SA filed Critical Thomson-Brandt SA
Publication of EP0100722A1 publication Critical patent/EP0100722A1/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A1/00—Missile propulsion characterised by the use of explosive or combustible propellant charges
    • F41A1/08—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil
    • F41A1/10—Recoilless guns, i.e. guns having propulsion means producing no recoil a counter projectile being used to balance recoil

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to projectile launching devices and it relates to an expellable reaction mass and a recoilless firing weapon including such a reaction mass.
  • a recoilless rifle as considered here, essentially comprises: a barrel-tube open at both ends, a central propellant charge and an inert reaction mass which balances the action of the projectile at the start of the shot.
  • Such weapons have been known since the beginning of the century; their basic principle and their application to the launching of artillery projectiles from aircraft are described, in particular, in American patents n ° 108 714 to 1 108 717 (C.DAVIS).
  • C.DAVIS American patents n ° 108 714 to 1 108 717
  • This anti-tank weapon must be able to be used on the ground, but also inside various shelters, such as cellars, living quarters etc ..., without creating a potential danger as much for the shooter himself, as for other personnel likely to be in the immediate vicinity of the weapon, it must also be operational in the presence of an obstacle, such as a wall located a short distance from the rear of the launching tube.
  • the design of the weapon must be such that the sound level, produced at the start of the shot, retains a tolerable value for the shooter.
  • reaction mass consisting essentially of a pulverulent substance of relatively high specific density.
  • an inert expelling reaction mass for a recoilless rifle is constituted by a pulverulent substance, of specific density, which is stored in a rigid cylindrical container, the side wall of which can be cut longitudinally at the start of the shot.
  • This firing weapon can be loaded by a conventional projectile 7, such as a hollow charge perforating shell; this projectile must be positioned at a distance Rp from the reference line O, substantially equal to the distance Rm; for this purpose, the barrel tube is provided with means 8a and 8b for positioning the projectile.
  • the mass of the reaction mass must be as equal as possible to that of the projectile in order to minimize any retreat of the weapon at the start of the shot.
  • the reaction mass is subjected to an accelerating force, it follows that the side wall of the container is subjected to hydrodynamic forces from the granular substance and that arrangements must be made to avoid any radial deformation of the side wall.
  • the projectile leaves the device through the mouth 2 of the barrel tube 1 and the reaction mass 6 is expelled in the reverse direction, according to a law of identical speed to that of the projectile, when passing the set of sharp tools 4, the side wall of the container is cut longitudinally, according to its generatrices, thus the granular substance under the force of the aerodynamic braking forces disperses in the atmosphere rapidly losing speed.
  • FIG. 2 shows, in a longitudinal sectional view, an embodiment of the envelope of the container intended to store the inert granular substance to constitute the reaction mass expellable from the rear of the barrel tube.
  • This cylindrical envelope is open at one of its ends to allow a perfectly determined quantity of the granular substance to be deposited therein; it is of monolithic construction and it comprises a thin side wall 10 and a bottom 11 of small thickness.
  • the external diameter D of the side wall 10 is substantially less than the diameter D of the barrel tube and this side wall has first and second circular bosses 10a and 10b located respectively at its two ends, and possibly one or more complementary circular bosses 10 c located between the two previous bosses.
  • the external diameter D 2 of these different bosses is very slightly less than the diameter D of the barrel tube to ensure free movement of the reaction mass inside the core of the barrel tube.
  • These bosses provide limited and defined ranges on the core of the barrel.
  • the bottom 11 of this envelope must be sufficiently resilient to resist, at the start of the blow, the shock caused by the pressure of the gases supplied by the propellant charge.
  • the length L of the envelope is determined, on the one hand, by the mass of the projectile and on the other hand, by the apparent density of the substance, which is equal to the product of the specific density by the filling efficiency of the selected granular substance.
  • the monolithic building envelope can preferably be made of a light plastic material, such as expanded polyurethane and obtained by molding.
  • FIG. 3 represents, in a longitudinal section view, an embodiment of the reaction charge comprising the envelope described in FIG. 2.
  • the side wall 10 of the envelope is the object of radial forces, hydrodynamic in nature, created by the granular substance subjected to an acceleration force transmitted by the bottom of the envelope, the magnitude of these radial forces being non-uniform, it is advisable to increase accordingly the mechanical resistance to deformation of the lateral wall of the envelope.
  • the part of the side wall located between the first boss 10a and the complementary boss 10c receives a hoop 12 which can be produced by a winding of glass wire reinforced with a polymerizable resin.
  • the bottom 11 of the envelope being located in the barrel, opposite the propellant charge, the bottom of the envelope is provided with a screen 13 whose main function is to provide a thermal insulation from high temperature gases produced by the propellant charge.
  • This heat shield which can be a composite element, is formed by the superposition of a metal disc 13a placed in contact with the bottom 11 of the envelope and of an insulating disc 13b made of a material such as a felt.
  • the metal disc 13a is a thin sheet of metal, such as aluminum, while the insulating disc 13b of greater thickness additionally provides gas-tightness of the propellant charge.
  • This heat shield 13 can be fixed to the bottom 11 of the envelope by gluing and assembled for example by a stud 13c secured to the metal disc.
  • the envelope After filling the envelope with the granular substance 14 partially shown in this figure, the envelope is closed by a cover 15 of small thickness, therefore of low mass, made of a plastic material such as "PVC", and obtained, for example, by thermoforming of a plate of such a material. Finally, this cover 15 is held by internal embedding in the opening of the side wall 10 of the envelope.
  • the filling of the envelope with the granular substance may be only partial and completed by a wedging element 16 to allow precise adjustment of the amount of granular substance introduced into the envelope and by way of consequence of the overall mass of the reaction mass.
  • this wedging element reinforces the tightness of the container, it can be made of a material such as expanded polystyrene.
  • alumunium oxide corundum
  • this material is produced industrially in the form of particles of various sizes
  • experimental tests have shown that particles with an apparent diameter between 500 and 1500 rm made it possible to achieve the desired results, that is to say a depth of the safety zone less than 20 meters for a residual speed of the particles of the order of 1 ms -1 and initial speeds greater than 1 00 ms -1 .
  • FIG. 4 shows, in a partial sectional view, a method of construction and attachment of the set of sharp tools at the end of the barrel-tube.
  • the set of sharp tools consists of a plurality of steel blades with cutting edges, or knives 17, also spaced apart, which are rigidly embedded in a ferrule 18. This ferrule is screwed onto a circular ring 19 secured to the barrel tube 1.
  • the cutting part 17a of the blades projects inside the barrel tube, and is inclined towards the internal wall of the barrel tube at an angle d included between 30 and 60 degrees to increase their efficiency of cutting the envelope of the container.
  • the number of blades must be sufficient to reduce the size of the cut elements and, a number of blades of the order of 6 to 8 appears judicious given the mass-surface ratio of these cut elements, which is favorable to aerodynamic braking in the atmosphere.
  • FIG. 5 represents an overall view, in section, of an embodiment of such a weapon in its firing configuration.
  • the barrel tube 1 which can be made of glass wire wound and reinforced with a polymerizable resin; this barrel tube is equipped with a set of sharp tools 17 which are situated at its rear end 3.
  • the central propellant charge 5 is physically secured to the barrel tube and comprises first means for positioning the projectile 7 and for the reaction mass 6; these positioning means will be described in detail later.
  • the barrel tube comprises second means for positioning the projectile and the reaction mass; these second positioning means will also be described in detail below.
  • the barrel tube is provided, in addition, with a first handle 20 for holding the weapon, this handle is located on the section of the barrel tube in which the projectile 7 is placed, and, with a second handle 21 ; this handle is located at the level of the central propellant charge 5 and carries a trigger 21a intended to trigger a striker of the firing charge of this central propellant charge.
  • These first and second handles 20 and 21 are articulated respectively on connecting collars 22-23 to the barrel tube 1 and are shown in the deployed position.
  • the barrel tube 1 is closed by sealing membranes, respectively 24 and 25, whose function is to complete the watertightness of the weapon; these membranes are easily erased at the start of the blow.
  • the rear section of the barrel tube is lined internally with a cylindrical element 26 which bears on the one hand, on the cover 15 of the envelope 10 of the container and, on the other hand on the periphery of the membrane sealing 25.
  • This cylindrical element made of a low density material, such as expanded polystyrene, is hollowed out in its central part and is sectioned along diametrical planes 26a so as to ensure its free expulsion at the start of the blow, without encountering of mechanical strength on the part of the cutting tools set 17, and not to hinder the expansion of the load.
  • the front section of the barrel tube is lined internally with a toric cylindrical element 27 which rests, on the one hand, on a clearance 7b present at the base of the warhead 7c of the projectile 7 and, on the other part, on the periphery of the sealing membrane 24.
  • the mass of these two cylindrical wedging elements 26-27 is relatively small and that they remain free to slide in the core of the barrel tube as soon as that the waterproofing membranes are eliminated; it follows that these two wedging elements do not significantly disturb the operation of the weapon, but on the other hand the operational safety it is increased in large proportions.
  • the barrel tube is provided at the rear with a telescopic tubular element 28 which can slide on the external wall of this barrel tube. This telescopic element is equipped with a lock 29 which ensures its positioning on the barrel tube.
  • This telescopic element while providing a significant reduction in the sound level, at the start of the stroke, does not constitute an obstacle to the expulsion of the reaction mass cut out by the set of sharp tools 17, since the dispersion of the granular substance stored in the reaction mass is still only slightly initiated during the crossing of this telescopic element.
  • the latter is equipped with an optical sighting member, integral with the barrel tube, which will not be described and shown since this member may be constituted by conventional elements and is not part of the invention. It can also be noted that in the embodiment of Figure 5, the set of cutting tools 17 is mounted on a ferrule 30 which is integrated into the barrel tube.
  • FIG 6 shows an overview of the firing weapon in transport configuration.
  • the two handles 20 and 21 for holding the weapon are folded against the barrel tube 1 and receive a protective cover 31 which is held in place by a set of straps 32 and 33 which, after unhooking, allow these handles to be uncapped.
  • the telescopic element 28 is fitted onto the barrel tube and its locking device 29 cooperates with an annular notch formed in a circular boss 34 located on the external wall of the barrel tube.
  • the two ends of the barrel tube are provided with a protective cover for the sealing membranes 24 and 25 described above; these protective covers 35 and 36 are fitted with a locking member, respectively 35a and 36a, on the barrel tube; these two covers are eliminated during deployment of the weapon in the firing configuration.
  • the weapon can be equipped with a handle and / or a carrying strap 48 comprising an adjustment loop 49.
  • Figure 7 shows a partial view in longitudinal section of the central section of the weapon and more particularly an embodiment of the first and second means of positioning, inside the barrel, the reaction mass 6 and the projectile 7.
  • the propellant charge 5 comprises a fire tube 37 which is made integral with the barrel tube and perfectly positioned by circular elements 38 and 39 which are screwed into the collar 23. Inside this fire tube 37 is placed the load priming 40 and the striker 41 of the primer. Outside this tube of fire are disposed charges of powder 5a intended to propel the projectile and the reaction mass. On either side of the fire tube 40 are disposed a first means of positioning 42 of the reaction mass 6 and a first means of positioning 43 of the projectile 7.
  • These positioning means are constituted by circular elements located in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the barrel tube; on these elements come to bear, on the one hand, the bottom 11 of the envelope 10 of the reaction mass and, on the other hand, the base 7c of the projectile.
  • the second means for positioning the reaction mass 6 is provided by a set of tongues 44 on which the cover 15 of the envelope 10 comes to bear which also makes it possible to strengthen the holding of this cover which is mounted by simple fitting as described previously.
  • the tongues of this second positioning means are easily erasable at the start of the blow thanks to notches 45 provided for this purpose.
  • the second means for positioning the projectile 7 is provided by a plug-in element 46 in the base 7a of the projectile which is provided for this purpose with a receiving element 47.
  • the plug-in element 46 comprises a plate 46a which also reinforces the action of the first positioning means 42 of the reaction mass 6.
  • the invention is not limited in its characteristics to the embodiment described here by way of illustration but in no way is limitative.
  • the nature of the materials of construction of the reaction mass can be modified, in particular, one can substitute for aluminum oxide, a material containing silica and any other material of equivalent physical characteristics.
  • the construction method of the set of cutting tools can be modified, both by the number of blades and by the exact shape of their cutting part, the second means of positioning the reaction mass can be constituted by mechanical elements that can be erased at the start. therefore.
  • the invention is not limited to a configuration of the weapon in which the weights of the projectile and of the reaction mass are equal; only the equality of the quantities of movement must be satisfied, however the equality of the weights allows a just compromise between the total weight of the weapon and the length of the barrel which determine the operational use of the weapon.
  • the invention is also not limited in its application to an individual anti-tank weapon provided with a penetrating projectile, it can be used for launching a missile comprising a propellant with delayed ignition, it can also find its application for the launching of illuminating or other projectiles.
  • This weapon of simple and industrial construction, not requiring the use of components of a significant cost makes it possible to have a consumable weapon which can be abandoned after the shooting of the projectile.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
  • Toys (AREA)
EP83401533A 1982-07-30 1983-07-26 Ausstossbare Verdämmungsmasse und mit einer solchen Masse versehene rückstossfreie Feuerwaffe Withdrawn EP0100722A1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8213354A FR2531203B1 (fr) 1982-07-30 1982-07-30 Masse de reaction expulsable et arme de tir sans recul incluant une telle masse
FR8213354 1982-07-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0100722A1 true EP0100722A1 (de) 1984-02-15

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EP83401533A Withdrawn EP0100722A1 (de) 1982-07-30 1983-07-26 Ausstossbare Verdämmungsmasse und mit einer solchen Masse versehene rückstossfreie Feuerwaffe

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EP (1) EP0100722A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2531203B1 (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989004451A1 (en) * 1987-11-10 1989-05-18 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britanni Recoil-less launch system
US5551330A (en) * 1993-12-22 1996-09-03 Luchaire Defense Sa Dispersible countermass system for a recoilless weapon
US8220376B2 (en) * 2008-09-04 2012-07-17 Saab Ab Countermass weapon
EP2815199A4 (de) * 2012-02-13 2015-10-07 Saab Ab Gegenmassebehälter zur verwendung in einer rückstossfreien waffe und rückstossfreie waffe mit einem solchen gegenmassebehälter
WO2021124337A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Next Sniper Ltd. Hovering firearm system for drones and methods of use thereof

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2558946B1 (fr) * 1984-01-27 1988-04-08 Brandt Armements Tube de lancement pour arme de tir sans recul
CN107843143B (zh) * 2017-11-17 2023-08-04 南京理工大学 一种无后坐力发射装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1374423A (fr) * 1962-08-01 1964-10-09 Diehl Fa Perfectionnements aux armes sans recul
DE2017633A1 (en) * 1970-04-13 1971-10-28 Josef Schaberger & Co Gmbh, 6535 Gau-Algesheim Ballast-contng propellant with reduceddetona - weapons
DE2260625A1 (de) * 1972-12-12 1974-06-20 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pulver insbesondere fuer die verdaemmung von treibladungen fuer rueckstossfreie waffen
DE2435523A1 (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-05 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Verdaemmung fuer eine rueckstossfreie abschussvorrichtung

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1374423A (fr) * 1962-08-01 1964-10-09 Diehl Fa Perfectionnements aux armes sans recul
DE2017633A1 (en) * 1970-04-13 1971-10-28 Josef Schaberger & Co Gmbh, 6535 Gau-Algesheim Ballast-contng propellant with reduceddetona - weapons
DE2260625A1 (de) * 1972-12-12 1974-06-20 Dynamit Nobel Ag Pulver insbesondere fuer die verdaemmung von treibladungen fuer rueckstossfreie waffen
DE2435523A1 (de) * 1974-07-24 1976-02-05 Messerschmitt Boelkow Blohm Verdaemmung fuer eine rueckstossfreie abschussvorrichtung

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1989004451A1 (en) * 1987-11-10 1989-05-18 The Secretary Of State For Defence In Her Britanni Recoil-less launch system
US5551330A (en) * 1993-12-22 1996-09-03 Luchaire Defense Sa Dispersible countermass system for a recoilless weapon
US8220376B2 (en) * 2008-09-04 2012-07-17 Saab Ab Countermass weapon
EP2815199A4 (de) * 2012-02-13 2015-10-07 Saab Ab Gegenmassebehälter zur verwendung in einer rückstossfreien waffe und rückstossfreie waffe mit einem solchen gegenmassebehälter
US9464855B2 (en) 2012-02-13 2016-10-11 Saab Ab Countermass container for use in a recoilless weapon and a recoilless weapon comprising such a countermass container
WO2021124337A1 (en) * 2019-12-19 2021-06-24 Next Sniper Ltd. Hovering firearm system for drones and methods of use thereof

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2531203A1 (fr) 1984-02-03
FR2531203B1 (fr) 1986-11-14

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Inventor name: DEFFAYET, JEAN