EP0097894A1 - Press for squeezing-out liquid-containing materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a press for pressing out liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural and chemical products. The pressing takes place inside a fixed container (2) in which a rotating screw conveyor (4) is arranged. The screw conveyor (4) is covered with a pressure diaphragm (13) so that it is pressure-tight, with a pressure medium space (15) being located between the screw blades (5) and the screw shaft, while the material to be pressed out is in the pressure space (16) between the diaphragm (13) and the Container (2) is arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a press for squeezing liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural and chemical products with a container which has a filling and emptying opening and that in the interior of the container, a press membrane made of flexible or elastic material is arranged, the interior into a pressure medium and press room divided.

A wide variety of embodiments of membrane presses are known, for example tubular membranes, flat membranes that are clamped perpendicular to the axis of rotation, sack-shaped membranes, the fastening plane of which is parallel to the axis of rotation, and the like. These presses, which operate pneumatically or hydraulically, have prevailed above all because they can be gently pressed out of the material to be pressed, the actual pressing process being carried out discontinuously, i.e. the press is filled with the material to be pressed, this is pressed out completely and the residues are finally discharged. To loosen the material to be pressed, the container must rotate during the loosening phase in these known presses. These discontinuous presses have the major disadvantage that the performance, i.e. the throughput of material to be pressed is insufficient, and large-capacity tank presses have been built in order to improve the size of the performance. However, this involves a particularly high expenditure of material, which makes the manufacture of such presses considerably more expensive.

The invention has for its object to design a press of the type mentioned in such a way that taking advantage of a membrane press enables continuous operation in the pressing process.

• a) im Inneren des feststehenden Behälters eine rotierende Förderschnecke angeordnet ist,
• b) die Förderschnecke mit der Preßmembrane druckmitteldicht abgedeckt ist, und daß
• c) der zwischen den Schneckenflügeln und der Schneckenwelle befindliche Raum der Druckmittelraum ist.

This object is achieved according to the invention in that

• a) a rotating screw conveyor is arranged inside the fixed container,
• b) the screw conveyor is covered with the pressure diaphragm pressure-tight, and that
• c) the space between the worm blades and the worm shaft is the pressure medium space.

Advantageous refinements of the invention result from claims 2 to 15.

The invention has the essential advantage that an efficient pressing of an agricultural or chemical product is possible, the size of which can be considerably reduced compared to the conventional discontinuous presses of this type. Another significant advantage is that different pressure levels can be set up within the press, so that an exact adaptation of the press to the particular material to be pressed is also possible without difficulty. Due to the faster pressing, while avoiding loosening devices, there is even less turbidity, and the risk of oxidation is also reduced. In addition, there are only short juice paths through the mash, because the pressure layer can be kept low during continuous throughput within the press.

The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to exemplary embodiments shown in the drawings.

• Fig. 1 einen Längsschnitt durch eine derartige Presse gemäß einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 2 die in Fig. 1 dargestellte Presse in der Preßstellung
• Fig. 3 die Presse gemäß Fig. 1 während der Auflockerungsphase und vakuumgezogen,
• Fig. 4. einen Schnitt nach der Linie A-A in Fig. 1,
• Fig. 5 eine Ansicht der Einzelheit 8 in Fig. 1,
• Fig. 6 einen Schnitt nach der Linie C-C in Fig. 5,
• Figuren 7 u. 8 das verstärkte Endteil des Membranstreifens in Querschnitt und Grundriß,
• Fig. 9 eine erste Ausführungsform der Befestigung des Membranstreifens am Schneckenflügel im Schnitt,
• Fig. 10 eine weitere Ausführungsform dieser Befestigung,
• Fig. 11 eine dritte Möglichkeit fpr diese Befestigung,
• Fig. 12 ein weiteres vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel einer derartigen Presse im Längsschnitt,
• Fig. 13 die in Fig. 12 gezeigte Presse in der PreBstellung,
• Fig. 14 die Einzelheit E in Fig. 12 für die Befestigung des Schneckenflügels mit der Membrane,
• Fig. 15 eine weitere Ausführungsform für diese Befestigung,
• Fig. 16 eine weitere Ausführungsform für die Anordnung einer Membrane in Verbindung mit der Förderschnecke in einer Teilansicht im Schnitt,
• Fig. 17 eine weitere Ausführungsform einer derartigen Presse,
• Fig. 18 die Presse gemäß Fig. 17 in der Preßstellung,
• Fig. 19 die Einzelheit D in Fig. 17 in vergrößerter Ansicht und im Schnitt,
• Fig. 20 eine Seitenansicht von Fig. 19,
• Fig. 21 eine anderes Ausführungsbeispiel für die Ausgestaltung einer derartigen Presse im Längsschnitt,
• Fig. 22 die Einzelheit F in Fig. 21 in vergrößerter An- sicht und im Schnitt und
• Fig. 23 eine letzte Ausführungsform einer derartigen Presse in einer Teilansicht.

Show it,

• 1 shows a longitudinal section through such a press according to a first embodiment,
• Fig. 2 shows the press shown in Fig. 1 in the pressing position
• 3 the press of FIG. 1 during the loosening phase and vacuum-drawn,
• 4. shows a section along the line AA in Fig. 1,
• 5 is a view of the detail 8 in Fig. 1,
• 6 shows a section along the line CC in FIG. 5,
• Figures 7 u. 8 the reinforced end part of the membrane strip in cross section and plan,
• 9 shows a first embodiment of the attachment of the membrane strip to the screw wing in section,
• 10 shows a further embodiment of this fastening,
• 11 shows a third possibility for this attachment,
• 12 shows a further advantageous embodiment of such a press in longitudinal section,
• 13 shows the press shown in FIG. 12 in the pre-position,
• 14 shows the detail E in FIG. 12 for the fastening of the screw wing with the membrane,
• 15 shows a further embodiment for this fastening,
• 16 shows a further embodiment for the arrangement of a membrane in connection with the screw conveyor in a partial view in section,
• 17 shows a further embodiment of such a press,
• 18 the press according to FIG. 17 in the pressing position,
• 19 shows the detail D in FIG. 17 in an enlarged view and in section,
• 20 is a side view of FIG. 19,
• 21 shows another embodiment for the design of such a press in longitudinal section,
• 22 shows the detail F in FIG. 21 in an enlarged view and in section and
• Fig. 23 shows a last embodiment of such a press in a partial view.

The first embodiment of such a press shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 has a machine frame 1 on which a fixed container 2 is mounted, a hopper 3 being arranged on one side of this container 2. Within the container 2 and the filling funnel 3 there is a screw conveyor 4 mounted on the machine frame 1, which has a screw shaft 6 with spirally extending screw blades 5 arranged thereon. The screw conveyor 4 is driven, for example, by a motor 7 with a drive 8. In the area of the hopper 3, i.e. of the filling chamber 9 with the filling opening 10, a conically enlarging 5-screw tube 11 is provided. The individual screw blades 5 are enlarged at their edges with the aid of fastening elements 12, a membrane 13 being clamped in a pressure-tight manner at this fastening point. The membrane 13 consists of a strip, preferably of a rubber-elastic material, but a flexible plastic material can also be used here, which must then sag as far as the worm shaft 6 or must extend to the edge of the container 2, this strip spiraling between adjacent ones Screw blades 5 is wound up to the end of the screw conveyor 4. The discharge opening 14 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor screw 4. The membrane 2 divides the container 2 into a pressure medium chamber 15 and a press chamber 16, in which the material to be pressed is located. To supply the pressure medium, a worm shaft journal 17 is provided with a corresponding connection. The worm shaft 6 can also be divided several times, so that at least two pressure spaces 15 are created in order to work with different pressure zones.

The function of the continuously operating press is as follows. The press is fed with the substance to be pressed out via the hopper 3, this hopper 3 being correspondingly large and thus constituting a storage space for continuous processing. Other types of loading are also possible by conveying directly into the pressing space 16, e.g. with the help of a pump or a screw.

This hopper 3 is located at the screw entrance, whereby the auger 4 is started and the material to be pressed is moved a certain distance, e.g. half, one or one and a half revolutions depending on how often the PreBgut is to be pressurized and loosened up during transport. During this transport, the membrane 13 is expediently placed on the worm shaft 6, in particular to prevent damage. This position is shown in Figure 3. As soon as the set section has been reached, the screw conveyor 4 stops so that pressure medium can flow between the screw conveyor 4 and the membrane 13 and pressure is exerted on the product (FIG. 2). Depending on the type of goods, the press remains under pressure for a shorter or longer period. After releasing the pressure, the screw conveyor 4 starts moving again until it stops.

Depending on the material to be pressed, the pressing work can take place in one pass or one pass only serves as pre-pressing. It is also possible to set up several pressure levels in one screw pass.

FIG. 4 shows the cross section through such a press, the container 2 being composed of two container halves 18, 19, which have laterally offset eyes 20 and a simple connection of the two halves can be achieved by pushing rods through. The container halves 1B, 19 themselves can have a sieve shape, so that the squeezed liquid can flow off directly. This type of construction of the container shell 2 results in simple assembly and also cleaning options. To reduce the risk of oxidation, a further fixed, closed drum jacket can be arranged around this container 2.

For manufacturing, maintenance and cleaning, the two-part is most advantageous, but a one-piece, closed container with an access opening can also be used, or the container can be divided into a larger number of segments.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show the arrangement of the start and end of the membrane strip 13, a web 21 being attached to the worm shaft 6 and continuing in an angled flange 22, the end of the membrane 13 being attached to the flange by means of a pressure strip 23 22 pressure fluid tight is attached. In this end region 24 of the membrane, the latter is reinforced in such a way that bulging laterally into the filling space 9 or the emptying opening 14 is prevented. FIGS. 7 and 8 show this end region of the membrane, various layers 25 being placed on top of one another and fastened.

FIGS. 9 to 11 show different possibilities for fastening the edge 26 of the press membrane 13, a reinforcement 25 also being present here. In the embodiment according to FIG. 9, the edge 26 of the membrane is against the edge of the screw blade 5 on the one hand with the aid of a pressure bar 27 and on the other hand screwed with the help of the fastening elements 12. In the further embodiment according to FIG. 10, the screw wing 5 is correspondingly extended and the edges 26 of the press membrane 13 are fastened within the screw wing 5 with the aid of the pressure strips 27. Finally, the pressure bars of the screw vanes increasing fastening elements ₁₂ are in the embodiment of Figure 11 27, respectively _b zw on the front sides of the screw blade 5. Fitted, said two pressure bars 27, the edge of the Preßmembrane 13 as to clamp are screwed together. In this type of arrangement of the membrane (FIGS. 1 to 11), the protruding screw edge provides special protection for the membrane 13, which also enlarges the screw and thus improves the conveying and loosening effect.

FIGS. 12 to 15 show a further embodiment of such a press, such an embodiment being useful if such a press has to be built with a higher output, which leads to greater overall lengths. However, this has the consequence that the shaft 6 must be made with a larger diameter in order to prevent bending. With the diameter of the enlarged worm shaft 6, the worm blades 5 are fastened directly to the shaft 6, for example by a pressure bar 27 being attached to it as a foot and this foot 27 being screwed to the shaft 6, the diaphragm 13 being clamped in using a reinforcement 25 . 15, the ends of such a strip-shaped membrane 13 are each fastened to the shaft 6 with pressure strips 27. The worm blades 5 are welded to the shaft 6.

Instead of such a strip-shaped membrane 13 wound along the screw, a continuous hose membrane 13 'can also be used, which is pulled over the screw and is attached to the end of the screw in a pressure-tight manner (FIG. 16). A / such further variant is shown in Figures ₁₇ and ₁ 8, wherein the fastening of end-side flanges 30 of the worm shaft 6 is effected. A so-called spiral screw 29 is used here as the screw conveyor, which is fastened to the ends of the screw, specifically to the flanges 30. The membrane 13 'then lies within this helical screw, and it can then curve outwards between the individual wings of this screw 29, as is indicated in FIG. 18. The attachment of this helical screw 29 is also shown enlarged in FIGS. 19 and 20, the attachment to the flanges 30 using end parts 31. Furthermore, the reinforced end of the hose membrane 13 'with the help of a tension band 3? held on the respective flange 30 pressure-tight.

In the further embodiment shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 for the configuration of such a press, namely using a screw shaft 6 with an enlarged diameter, a tubular membrane 13 'is drawn over the screw shaft 6, which is connected to the discharge opening 14 with the aid of a the flange on the strins side is attached in a pressure-tight manner and on the filling funnel 3 with the aid of a clamping ring 34, with the outside of the diaphragm 13 'screw segments 5' being attached. These screw segments 5 'can consist of the same material as the membrane 13' and can be vulcanized, glued or releasably attached, for example. For example, the membrane 13 'together with the screw segments 5' can also be produced in one piece, for example by casting.

Finally, an embodiment of such a press is indicated in FIG. 23, in which a hose 33 is arranged between the screw blades 5 of the screw, this hose 33 extending over the entire length of the screw 4 or of the container casing. With the help of a pressure medium, the hose can be inflated in such a way that it bulges outward against the container wall 2 and thus the pre-effect is brought about.

Reference symbol list

• 1 = machine frame
• 2 = container
• 3 = hopper
• 4 = screw conveyor
• 5 = snail wing
• 5 '= screw segments
• 6 = worm shaft
• 7 = motor
• 8 = drive
• 9 = filling space
• 10 = filling opening
• 11 = screw start (screw tube at the filling chamber)
• 12 = mounting plates enlarging the screw wing
• 13 = press membrane
• 13 '= hose membrane
• 14 = emptying opening
• 15 = pressure medium room
• 16 = press room
• 17 = worm shaft journal
• 18 =} container
• 19 =)
• 20 = eyes
• 21 = bridge
• 22 = flange
• 23 = pressure bar
• 24 = end area of the membrane
• 25 = reinforcement of the press membrane (layers)
• 26 = edge of the press membrane
• 27 = pressure bars for the press membrane
• 28 = screw rotation axis
• 29 = spiral screw
• 30 = front flanges of the worm shaft
• 31 = end part
• 32 = strap
• 33 = hose
• 34 ₌ clamping ring

Claims (15)

₁ ) Press for squeezing liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural and chemical products, with a container which has a filling and emptying opening and in that a pressure membrane made of flexible or elastic material is arranged in the interior of the container, which seals the interior into a pressure medium and pressure chamber divided, characterized in that a) inside the fixed container (2) a rotating screw conveyor (4) is arranged that b) the screw conveyor (4) with the pressure membrane (13, 13 ') is pressure-tight, and that c) the space (15) located between the worm blades (5) and the worm shaft (6) is the pressure medium space. 2) Press according to claim 1, characterized in that a filling space (9) is provided at the beginning of the screw (11). 3) Press according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that a spiral-shaped according to the screw blades (5) extending strip-shaped press membrane (13) is provided, which is attached to the adjacent screw blades (5) pressure-tight. 4) Press according to claim 3, characterized in that fastening elements (12) which are adjacent to one another and enlarge the screw wings (5) are arranged on the screw wing edge. 5) Press according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that with an enlarged diameter of the screw shaft (6), the membrane (13) on the screw shaft (6) in the region of the screw wing (5) is attached. ' ₆₎ A press according to claim 3 to 5, characterized in that the R _a nd (26) is the Preßmembrane (13) fluid-tight to the Schnekkenflügeln (5) fixed, eg by means of pressure strips (23, 27). 7) Press according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the fastening edge (24, 26) of the press membrane (13, 13 ') is provided with a reinforcement (25). 8) Press according to claim 1, characterized in that a continuous tubular press membrane (13 ') is drawn over the screw blades (5), which is attached to the screw conveyor (4) in a pressure-tight manner at the beginning and end of the press chamber. 9) Press for squeezing liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural and chemical products, with a container that has a filling and emptying opening and that a press membrane made of flexible or elastic material is arranged inside the container, which seals the interior into a pressure medium. and press room divided, characterized in that a) the press diaphragm (13 ') covers the worm shaft (6) pressure-tight that b) on the membrane (13 ') formed as a tube, screw segments (5') are attached, and that c) the space (15) located between the screw segments (5 ') and the screw shaft (6) is the pressure medium space. ₁ 0) Press according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a helical screw (-29) is attached to the end flanges (30) of the screw shaft (6) and the tubular membrane (13 ') between the screw (29) and the Shaft (6) is arranged. 11) Press for squeezing liquid-containing substances, namely agricultural and chemical products, with a container which has a filling and emptying opening and that a pressing membrane made of flexible or elastic material is arranged in the interior of the container, which seals the interior into a pressure medium. and press room divided, characterized in that a) inside the fixed container (2) is arranged on a worm shaft (6) arranged rotating screw conveyor (4) that b) a hose (33) is arranged as a membrane between adjacent screw blades (5, 12) of the screw conveyor (4) and that c) the interior (15) of the hose (33) is the pressure medium space. 12) Press according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the screw tube (11) in the area of the filling chamber (9) is conical and is provided with a pressure medium connection (17). 13) Press according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the container (2) is sieve-shaped. 14) Press according to claim 1 to 13, characterized in that the. Container (2) is divided into two half-shells (18, 19) along a plane through the screw rotation axis (28). 15) Press according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that a second closed jacket is arranged around the container (2).

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