Classifications

• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D7/00—Compositions of detergents based essentially on non-surface-active compounds
  • C11D7/22—Organic compounds
  • C11D7/26—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D7/265—Carboxylic acids or salts thereof
• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
  • B05D3/00—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials
  • B05D3/10—Pretreatment of surfaces to which liquids or other fluent materials are to be applied; After-treatment of applied coatings, e.g. intermediate treating of an applied coating preparatory to subsequent applications of liquids or other fluent materials by other chemical means
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D9/00—Chemical paint or ink removers
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
  • C11D—DETERGENT COMPOSITIONS; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS DETERGENTS; SOAP OR SOAP-MAKING; RESIN SOAPS; RECOVERY OF GLYCEROL
  • C11D3/00—Other compounding ingredients of detergent compositions covered in group C11D1/00
  • C11D3/16—Organic compounds
  • C11D3/20—Organic compounds containing oxygen
  • C11D3/2075—Carboxylic acids-salts thereof

Definitions

• This invention concerns processes for removing water-insoluble sealants from a water-insoluble surface contaminated therewith, and compositions and concentrates for use in said process.
• cleaning compositions which contain a salt (such as an alkanolamine salt) of a C 6 -C 12 branched- or straight-chain aliphatic carboxylic acid as well as a non-ionic surfactant and a surface-active quaternary ammonium compound.
• a salt such as an alkanolamine salt
• non-ionic surfactant such as sodium EDTA
• surface-active quaternary ammonium compound examples of such compositions are for instance disclosed in United States Patent No. 4,282,434.
• these compositions can be employed in automobile- assembly lines, where car-body parts and other metal automobile components must be cleaned so as to remove fine particles of metal (remaining from the metal- forming operations) and also the lubricating oils which are used during their manufacture and assembly.
• compositions and concentrates for removing contaminating sealants from metal or other water-insoluble surfaces which are effective and which operate using sealant-removing compositions that do not contain kerosene or any other hydrocarbon solvent base.
• processes for removing a water-insoluble sealant from a water-insoluble surface contaminated therewith in which said surface is brought into contact with an aqueous solution comprising at least one C S -Cg alkanoic acid, said acid(s) being present in sufficient concentration to remove said sealant from said surface.
• sealants commonly used in the automobile- manufacturing and allied industries are necessarily water-insoluble compositions since their purpose and use as sealants is to seal and waterproof the joints and openings in which they are used, and they always (so far as we are aware) contain a resin such as an epoxy resin or a vinyl resin (e.g. polyvinyl chloride resin) and/or a heavy blending oil such as linseed oil, dioxylphthalein, diethylphthalein, dibutylphthalein, etc., as well as a fixotrope such as that sold under the tradename CARBOSIL, and a filler such as calcium carbonate or limestone.
• a resin such as an epoxy resin or a vinyl resin (e.g. polyvinyl chloride resin) and/or a heavy blending oil such as linseed oil, dioxylphthalein, diethylphthalein, dibutylphthalein, etc.
• a fixotrope such as that sold under the tradename CARBOSIL
• a filler such as
• sealants that can be removed by the processes and compositions of this invention are as follows:
• the aqueous composition may be employed in the process at ambient temperature.
• the surface of the water-insoluble material, such as metal automobile components, which is contaminated with the water-insoluble sealant is contacted with the aqueous composition of the invention by any convenient method, such as by spraying or by immersion or by wiping with a sponge or brush or cloth soaked with the aqueous composition, or indeed by any combination of these methods. It is not necessary to remove any residue of excess composition which may remain upon the surface before advancing the treated component to the next stage in the automobile production line, namely treatment with the cleaning solution which precedes the chemical-conversion coating bath, since unlike kerosene the aqueous compositions of this invention will not significantly contaminate such a cleaning solution.
• the process of this invention finds its greatest potential use, at the present time, in the removal of resin-containing sealants from the surfaces of automobile body components.
• compositions for use in the processes herein described for removing a water-insoluble sealant from a water-insoluble surface contaminated therewith, said compositions comprising water and at least one C S -Cg alkanoic acid dissolved therein at a concentration sufficient to remove unwanted sealant when said composition is applied to the water-insoluble surface contaminated therewith.
• the alkanoic acid(s) employed in the composition may be any one or a mixture of more than one of the following, namely valeric acid (or n-pentanoic acid), isovaleric acid (or iso-pentanoic acid), 3-methyl- pentanoic acid, caproic acid (or n-hexanoic acid), enanthic acid (or n-heptanoic acid), caprylic acid (or n-octanoic acid), iso-octanoic acid, 4-ethyl-hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, pelargonic acid (or n-nonanoic acid) and iso-nonanoic acid.
• the alkanoic acid(s) employed should be or include iso-nonanoic acid.
• the compositions need only contain a sufficient concentration of the alkanoic acid(s) to remove the contaminating sealant from the surface when contacted therewith, but we have found that in general a concentration of at least about 0.8 gram per litre of the alkanoic acid(s) will be appropriate in order to achieve the desired effect. It is of course permissible to use higher concentrations of the alkanoic acid(s), indeed right up to the maximum solubility limit of the alkanoic acid (or combination of alkanoic acids) in the aqueous solution at room temperature - or indeed beyond that limit, if solubilizing agents for alkanoic acids are incorporated. However we have in general found that the concentration of alkanoic acid(s) should preferably be in the range of from about 2.5 grams to about 150 grams per litre, and above all in the range of from about 8 to about 60 grams per litre.
• solubilizing agents for alkanoic acids should be incorporated in the compositions in order to maintain the alkanoic acid(s) in solution therein - as will be more fully described hereinafter, in relation to the concentrates of this invention.
• compositions of this invention may also advantageously contain a small amount of at least one surfactant.
• a surfactant or a combination of two or more surfactants may be added to the composition, so as thus to enhance its cleaning effect, i.e. to facilitate the removal of workshop dirt, of lubricating and treating oils, of marks from highlight-marking pens and so on.
• surfactant when included in the compositions should normally be present in a concentration of at least about 0.1 g/l, and preferably within the range of from about 1 to about 50 g/l. Normally we prefer to employ low-foaming, non-ionic surfactants.
• surfactants that have been found to be effective either alone or in combination, are as follows:
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be a modified polyoxylated straight-chain alcohol, sold by Rohm & Haas Co. under the tradename TRITON DF-16.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be a modified polyethoxylated straight-chain alcohol, sold by Olin Corporation under the tradename POLY-TERGENT S-505LF.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkyl polyethoxylated ether, sold by Texaco Chemical Co. under the tradename SURFONIC LF-17.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be a modified oxyethylated straight-chain alcohol, sold by BASF Wyandotte Corporation under the tradename PLURAFAC RA-30.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be a modified oxyethylated straight-chain alcohol, sold by BASF Wyandotte Corporation under the tradename PLURAFAC D-25.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to an an octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, sold by Rohm & Haas Company under the tradename TRITON X-102.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be composed of ethylene diamine containing about 30 moles of ethylene oxide and about 60 moles of propylene oxide, sold by American Hoechst Co. under the tradename GENAPOL PN-30.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be a coconut oil amine containing about 10 moles of ethylene oxide, sold by Armak Company under the tradename ETHOMEEN C/20.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkyl poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol, sold by GAF Corporation under the tradename ANTAROX BL 330.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkylaryl polyether having a carbon chain of about 14 carbon atoms and approximately 16 moles of ethoxylation, sold by Rohm & Haas Company under the tradename TRITON CF-10.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an ethoxylated abietic acid derivative with approximately 15 moles of ethoxylation, sold by Hercules Inc. under the tradename SURFACTANT AR 150.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be a condensate containing only ethylene oxide and propylene oxide chains, sold by BASF Wyandotte, Inc. under the tradename PLURONIC L061.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkyl poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol, sold by GAF Corporation under the tradename ANTAROX LF-330.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an abietic acid ester containing approximately 14 to 16 moles of ethoxylation, sold by Glyco Chemicals, Inc. under the tradename PEGOSPERSE 700-TO.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkyl phenoxy poly(ethyleneoxy) ethanol, sold by GAF Corporation under the tradename IGEPAL CA-630.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkyl poly ether, sold by Emery Industries, Inc. under the tradename TRYCOL LF-1.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be polyoxyethylene esters of mixed fatty acids and resin acids, sold by I.C.I. United States, Inc. under the tradename RENEX 20.
• An anionic surfactant believed to be sodium 2-butoxyethoxyacetate, sold by Miranol Company under the tradename MIRAWET B.
• a non-ionic surfactant believed to be an alkyl polyethoxylated ether, sold by Texaco Chemical Company under the tradename SURFONIC LF-7.
• An anionic surfactant believed to be sodium 2-ethyl hexyl sulphate, sold by Union Carbide Corporation under the tradename TERGITOL ANIONIC-08.
• At least one alkali metal phosphate or condensed phosphate salt in the aqueous sealant-removing compositions of this invention, whose presence can markedly enhance the effectiveness of the composition.
• the inclusion of the phosphate or condensed phosphate salt also serves significantly to enhance the solubility of the C S -Cg alkanoic acid in the compositions, thus facilitating the preparation of homogeneous concentrates, suitable for storage and transportation, and which can be diluted by the end-user just prior to use.
• alkali metal phosphate and condensed phosphate salts which can be employed in the compositions of this invention, either alone or in combination, include those having a sodium, potassium or caesium cation, and a phosphate, tripolyphosphate, pyro-phosphate or metaphosphate anion.
• the preferred such salts, for use either alone or in combination with each other, are trisodium phosphate and potassium tripolyphosphate.
• the alkali metal phosphate or condensed phosphate salt(s) when included will preferably be present in a concentration of at least about 0.1 grams/litre, and preferably within the range of from about 6 to about 130 grams/litre of solution.
• aqueous sealant-removing compositions of this invention may also contain various other optional but desirable ingredients. It is in particular often desirable that the compositions should also contain at least one of the following:
• the alkali metal silicate may be added to enhance the sealant-removing activity of the compositions; and when included the silicate will preferably be present in a concentration of at least about 0.1 gram per litre, and preferably in the range of from about 6 to about 130 grams per litre, of an alkali metal silicate, e.g. sodium silicate, potassium metasilicate, etc.
• an alkali metal silicate e.g. sodium silicate, potassium metasilicate, etc.
• compositions may advantageously contain an alkali metal borate or condensed borate; and when present such borate(s) will preferably be present in a concentration within the range of from about 0.1 to about 125 grams per litre, of an alkali metal borate or condensed borate, e.g. sodium borate, potassium fluoborate, etc.
• an alkali metal borate or condensed borate e.g. sodium borate, potassium fluoborate, etc.
• compositions of the alkanoic acid(s), and especially so as to enable concentrates thereof to be prepared which are suitable for storage and transporation will also very desirably include one or more solubilizing agents for alkanoic acids.
• solubilizing agents examples include alkali metal hydroxide(s) and/or amines such as ammonia and alkanolamines, e.g. mono-, di- or triethanolamine, propanolamine, etc.
• the alkali metal hydroxide(s) may suitably be present in a concentration within the range of from about 5 to about 200 grams per litre. It may be noted that the alkanolamines will also serve to provide a rust-protection activity.
• solubilizing agents include C 1 -C 3 alkanols or a C 2 -C 3 glycols, e.g. ethanol, propanol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, etc., which may be incorporated in sufficient amount to solubilize the C 5 -C 9 alkanoic acid in the solution.
• solubilizing agents include emulsifiers, foremost amongst which are sulphonic and phosphonic acids and their salts, which not only will act to enhance the solubility of the alkanoic acids in the compositions but will also emulsify any oils present on the surfaces to be cleaned therewith.
• Suitable such acids include alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl sulphonic or phosphonic acids, or indeed acyl phosphonic acids.
• the alkyl group can be a straight- or branched-chain alkyl group, preferably having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
• Aryl sulphonic or phosphonic acids can be alkylsubstituted or unsubstituted phenyl or naphthyl groups, such as phenyl, tolyl, xylyl, dodecylphenyl, etc. wherein the alkyl groups preferably have from 1 to 24 carbon atoms.
• Aralkyl sulphonic or phosphonic acids include those wherein the aralkyl group is preferably phenylalkyl or naphthylalkyl, with the alkyl group preferably having from 1 to 24 carbon atoms, such as benzyl, phenylethyl, etc.
• Acyl phosphonic acids can be those wherein the acyl group is an alkanoyl group, preferably having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms, such as aceto, propanoyl, etc.
• examples of particularly useful compounds include acetophosphonic acid and p-dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid. All these sulphonic and/or phosphonic acids can if desired be employed in the form of their salts, e.g. as an alkali metal salt. When such sulphonic or phosphonic acids or salts thereof are incorporated, they will preferably be present in a concentration of at least about 0.1 gram per litre, and preferably in the range of from about 6 to about 130 grams per litre.
• compositions with bacteria or fungi can also desirably incorporate a biocide, conveniently a hexahydrotriazine derivative, a phenol or a chlorophenol,or a quaternary ammonium compound such as an alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, etc., usually in a concentration within the range of from about 0.1 to about 150 g/l.
• a biocide conveniently a hexahydrotriazine derivative, a phenol or a chlorophenol,or a quaternary ammonium compound such as an alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, etc.
• this invention also provides aqueous concentrates, for dilution appropriately with water to form the compositions herein disclosed, said concentrates consisting essentially of water and at least one C 5 -C 9 alkanoic acid in a. concentration of at least 8 grams per litre.
• Such concentrates areso formulated that upon dilution with some suitable, predetermined quantity of water they will form the normal-strength aqueous compositions best used in the process.
• the normal-strength aqueous compositions represent a solution of from 10% to 25% of the concentrate in water.
• the 8 g/l of alkanoic acid(s) lower limit in the concentrate thus represents the minimum level at which dilution of the concentrate to 10% in water will yield the recommended minimum concentration of alkanoic acid(s) in the normal-strength working compositions.
• the concentrates of this invention should contain a concentration of alkanoic acid(s) of 25 g/l or more, and above all in the range of from 80 to 600 g/l.
• the concentrates of the invention will desirably or even necessarily include a solubility-enhancing agent, e.g. an amine and/or an alkali metal hydroxide and/or an emulsifying agent and/or an alcohol or glycol.
• a solubility-enhancing agent e.g. an amine and/or an alkali metal hydroxide and/or an emulsifying agent and/or an alcohol or glycol.
• alkanoic acids were dissolved in deionized water at room temperature, to form compositions wherein they were present in the concentrations indicated below:
• alkanoic acids in each case at the same concentration of 0.8 g/1 outside the scope of this invention, namely glycolic acid, benzoic acid, acetic acid, myristic acid, malonic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, gluconic acid, 1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid, phthalic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, and propanoic acid - and in no case were these comparitive solutions found to be effective against all three of the above-listed sealants.
• composition rapidly removed the sealant from the surface of the steel plate.
• compositions wherein they were respectively present in the concentrations indicated below:
• This concentrate was first tested at full-strength, by dipping a cloth rag into the solution at ambient temperature, and using the rag thus soaked with the solution to wipe the surfaces of automobile bodies bearing an excess of the sealants known as GM 998-1263 and GM 998-1553 (both as already used in Examples I - IV) upon parts of those bodies. In each instance the excess sealant was removed with one wipe of the rag.
• This concentrate was first tested at full-strength, by dipping a cloth rag into it at ambient temperature, and using the rag thus soaked with the concentrate to wipe the surfaces of automobile bodies bearing an excess of the sealants known as GM998-1263 and GM998-1553 (both as already used in Examples I-IV) upon parts of the bodies; and it was found in each instance that the excess sealant was removed with one wipe of the rag.
• GM998-1263 and GM998-1553 both as already used in Examples I-IV
• a diluted solution was then prepared, by diluting the full-strength concentrate with tap water to a 15% concentration; and the diluted solution was tested by spraying in mist-form onto car bodies bearing the same excess sealants as above, using a spray nozzle and about 50 psi (pounds per square inch a about 3.52 kg/sq.cm.) pressure. Clean cloth rags were then used to wipe the bodies; and it was found in each instance that the excess sealants were removed by one wipe.
• This concentrate was first tested at full-strength, by dipping a cloth rag into it at ambient temperature, and using the rag thus soaked with the concentrate to wipe the surfaces of automobile bodies bearing an excess of the sealants GM998-1263 and GM988-1553 (both as already used in Examples I - IV) upon parts of those bodies. In each instance the excess sealant was removed with one wipe of the rag.
• a diluted solution was then prepared by diluting the full-strength concentrate with tap water to a 15X concentration; and the diluted solution was tested by spraying in mist-form onto car bodies bearing the same excess sealants as above, using a spray nozzle and about 50 psi (pounds per square inch - about 3.52 kg per square cm.) pressure. Clean cloth rags were then used to wipe the bodies; and it was found in each instance that the excess sealants were removed by one wipe.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Emergency Medicine (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Detergent Compositions (AREA)
• Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

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• 1982
  • 1982-05-17 US US06/379,108 patent/US4517025A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1983
  • 1983-05-16 CA CA000428208A patent/CA1198968A/en not_active Expired
  • 1983-05-16 BR BR8302540A patent/BR8302540A/pt unknown
  • 1983-05-17 EP EP83302805A patent/EP0095312A1/de not_active Ceased

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