EP0092447B1 - Steuervorrichtung für eine Axialmaschine - Google Patents

Steuervorrichtung für eine Axialmaschine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0092447B1
EP0092447B1 EP83400412A EP83400412A EP0092447B1 EP 0092447 B1 EP0092447 B1 EP 0092447B1 EP 83400412 A EP83400412 A EP 83400412A EP 83400412 A EP83400412 A EP 83400412A EP 0092447 B1 EP0092447 B1 EP 0092447B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rocker arm
arrangement according
thrust member
valve
cam
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83400412A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0092447A1 (de
Inventor
Maurice Brille
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Original Assignee
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Regie Nationale des Usines Renault filed Critical Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Publication of EP0092447A1 publication Critical patent/EP0092447A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0092447B1 publication Critical patent/EP0092447B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/26—Engines with cylinder axes coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main-shaft axis; Engines with cylinder axes arranged substantially tangentially to a circle centred on main-shaft axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/12—Transmitting gear between valve drive and valve
    • F01L1/18—Rocking arms or levers
    • F01L1/181—Centre pivot rocking arms
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L1/00—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear
    • F01L1/36—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle
    • F01L1/42—Valve-gear or valve arrangements, e.g. lift-valve gear peculiar to machines or engines of specific type other than four-stroke cycle for machines or engines characterised by cylinder arrangements, e.g. star or fan

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an axial motor known as a barrel, with controlled ignition or with compression ignition and relates more particularly to a distribution device for an axial motor comprising for each valve a rocker arm and a pusher actuated by a cam.
  • Patent FR 2 267 446 (BRILLE) describes an axial motor distribution device in which it was sought to use cams from existing motors and which included a complicated kinematic chain which cannot be generalized in application to any number of cylinders.
  • the invention aims for this generalization to use a distribution system derived from those of star motors, which motors have from this point of view a certain analogy with axial motors.
  • each rocker arm is shown to be pivoting in a rocker arm itself mounted to slide in a direction perpendicular to the stem of the corresponding valve and whose position in translation is obtained by means of a control member with external control urging this rocker arm to bear respectively against a push rod and said valve stem.
  • This arrangement allows its compactness to greatly reduce the size of the axial motor.
  • the simplicity of the distribution members allows economical construction and smooth operation.
  • the rocker lever and the rocker holder are received in two cylindrical housings formed in a fixed annular part, mutually parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the engine, and communicating with each other by a space intended for the passage of the rocker arm.
  • the axial engine shown in Figures 1 and 2 has a cylinder head-cylinder block 2 and a distribution compartment 3.
  • the block 2 essentially comprises five cylinders 4 regularly distributed around the central axis XX 'of the engine and two intake circuits and exhaust described in patent FR 2 267 446 (SHINING) and of which a distinction is made between the inlet chapels 6 opening into a common annular channel 7.
  • the distribution compartment 3 mainly comprises a fixed annular part 8 mounted tightly between two covers 9 and 10, and the following distribution members: a cam 12, rocker arms 17, rockers 21, rocker arms 31, adjustment members 41, exhaust 50 and intake 51 valves, valve guides 54 and valve springs 58.
  • valves are arranged concentrically with the axis XX ′ in the cylinder head where the seats 56 of the exhaust 50 and intake valves 51 and of the housings of the guides 54 of the valve stems 52 and 53 are formed.
  • the valves 50 and 51 are controlled by a cam 12 constituted by a drum 13 carrying cam surfaces 14 arranged on its outer periphery.
  • the cam 12 rotates concentrically with the axis XX 'and is driven, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, by a toothed belt 62 from a central pinion 60 mounted on a motor shaft 5, a drive wheel 64 a shaft 65 of the oil pump, a pinion 66 made of material with the shaft 65, a second intermediate pinion 68 and a drive wheel 70 of the cam 12; this wheel 70 is mounted on the drum 13 of the cam 12 and is integral with the latter.
  • the fixed annular part 8 is removable and held in position between the covers 9 and 10 resting on the block 2.
  • This part 8 is arranged radially between the cam 12 and the valve stems 52 and 53. It comprises pairs of parallel holes 80 and 82 communicating through a space 84. These pairs of identical holes between them are distributed at the periphery of the fixed annular part 8. They are all oriented relative to the central axis XX 'so that the holes 80 are radial and that the axes of the holes 82 are parallel to those of the holes 80.
  • the holes 80 and 82 respectively receive the pusher 17 and the rocker arm 31 which have cylindrical outer surfaces.
  • the pusher 17 is in the form of a cylindrical part provided with two flats 18 and 19 parallel to the plane of the cam 12, and a groove 23 on the bottom of which the rocker arm 21 is supported by one of its ends 22.
  • This groove 23 has the same orientation relative to the axis XX 'as that of the pairs of holes 80 and 82.
  • the rocker arm 21 is a flat monobloc lever which consists of a body 24 provided with a pivot formed by two pins 25 and 26.
  • the body 24 is extended by two ends 22 and 28 in the form of a beak; these ends are supported respectively on the pusher 17 and on the end of the valve stem 53.
  • the rocker arm 31 is a cylindrical piece traversed longitudinally by an axial slot 32 through which the rocker arm 21 bears on the valve stem 53 by one of its ends 28.
  • This cylindrical part also has an axial groove 34 transverse to the slot 32.
  • the bottom of the groove 34 constitutes the bearings. pivoting of the pins 25 and 26 of the rocker arm.
  • This cylindrical part finally comprises a flat surface 36 perpendicular to the slot 32 and intended to avoid this part contact with the valve spring 58.
  • An adjusting member 41 with external control, mounted on the block 2 acts on the face of end 38 of the rocker arm 30.
  • FIG. 7 The normal embodiment of an axial motor with two cams intended to respectively control the opening of the intake and exhaust valves is illustrated in FIG. 7.
  • the single drum 13 has an end comprising two series of cam surfaces 14 and 15 arranged on its outer periphery; these respectively control the exhaust valve 52 and inlet 53 rods via the pushers 16 and 17, the rocker arms 20 and 21, the rocker arms 30 and 31 with a general offset of the axis of the two cams.
  • Figure 8 is a view schematically showing the rocker arm in its two extreme positions ( Figures 8a and 8c) and an intermediate position ( Figure 8b). These three positions show the particular profile which is given to the end 22 of the rocker arm 21 in contact with the corresponding pusher 17 through the bottom of the groove 23.
  • the point of contact of the end 22 with the bottom of the groove 23 is separated from the axis of the pins 25 and 26 by a variable distance because this end rolls on this groove bottom when the pusher is actuated by the cam 12. This variable distance therefore allows a variable multiplication ratio of the rocker arm.
  • rocker arms 20 and 21 remain in their pivoting planes without turning or moving laterally in order to ensure correct operation. This problem is solved thanks to the arrangement of the pusher, rocker arm and rocker arm assemblies in the pairs of parallel holes 80 and 82 formed in the fixed annular part 8.
  • the rocker arm 21 bearing respectively against the pusher 17 and the valve stem 53 can tilt around its pivot constituted by the two pins 25 and 26 because the pusher 17 and the rocker arm 31 are immobilized in rotation due to the nesting of this rocker.
  • the translational position of the rocker arm 31 is obtained by means of the adjusting member 41 which acts on the end surface 38 of the rocker arm.
  • the dispensing device allows, thanks to the particular structure of the pusher, rocker arm and rocker arm assembly and to the profile of the end of the rocker arm in contact with the pusher , to vary the ratio of multiplication of the rocker arm.
  • This end 22 of rocker arm has a profile such that on attack, the multiplication ratio is minimal (figure a), which makes it possible to reduce the forces despite the very great inertia, and that at the end (figure C) , this ratio is maximum while the valve spring provides substantially equilibrium.
  • This property makes it possible to design, for an optimal lifting law with the lowest friction forces, a minimum bump height allowing in certain cases a non-concave cam profile by means of a judicious combination of the values assigned to the radius of the pusher surface in contact with the cam and at the radius of the top of the cam boss.
  • valve cannot keep its axis parallel to the engine axis as can be envisaged in the case of two separate cams shown in FIG. 7. This is due to the fact that the axes of the two exhaust and intake pushers must be offset by an angle 8/6 located in the vicinity of 33 ° to 35 ° in the example chosen and that the two radial planes containing the valve axes in the case of two cams form a dihedral with an angle less than 8/6.
  • each of the two assemblies comprising a valve, a rocker arm, a rocker arm, a slider for the plunger and two housings for the plunger and the rocker holder, same cylinder 4, is arranged along a plane defined by the intersection of the radius along which the tappet works and the axis of the valve stem, symmetrically to the other together with respect to the plane P passing through the axis of the cylinder and the axis XX 'of the engine.
  • the spokes along which the pushers 16 and 17 work are spaced by an angle located in the vicinity of 33 ° to 35 °, symmetrically to the plane P (see Figures 1 and 6).
  • the dispensing device comprising modular assemblies each formed by a pusher, a rocker arm and a rocker arm holder, makes it possible to obtain a small footprint of the distribution compartment of a axial motor.
  • This device makes it possible to adjust and check the play of the rocker arms without any disassembly.
  • This last property leads to better cooling thanks to the spacing of the intake and exhaust pipes, and an improvement in the shape of the combustion chamber by a possible bringing together of the spark plug from the axis of the cylinder: it also causes better machining of seats and valve guides by allowing a significant increase in the diameter of the tool holder which is thus almost concentric with the axis of the cylinder.
  • the variation of the multiplication ratio of the rocker arm allows in certain cases to build a cam profile without delicate machining concavity for a given optimal lifting law.
  • the distribution members according to the invention have fairly simple structures which favor their manufacture and their mounting and which thus contribute to reducing the manufacturing costs of the axial motor.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)
  • Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Steuervorrichtung für einen Axial-Verbrennungsmotor, mit einer Rückholfeder (58) für jedes Ventil (51), mit einem Kipphebel (21) und mit einem Stößel (17), der von einer Nockenscheibe (12) betätigt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Kipphebel (21) drehbar in einem Kipphebelhalter (31) gelagert ist, der in einer Richtung senkrecht zum zugehörigen Ventilschaft (53) gleitend gelagert ist und dessen Verschiebestellung mittels eines Regelorgans (41) mit äußerer Steuerung erhalten wird, das den Kipphebel (21) beaufschlagt und sich dabei zwischen einem Stößel (17) und dem Schaft (53) des Ventils (51) abstützt.
2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kipphebelstößel (17) und der Kipphebelhalter (31) in zwei zylindrischen Aussparungen (80, 82) angeordnet sind, parallel zueinander und senkrecht zur Achse X, X' des Motors und untereinander über einen dem Durchlaß des Kipphebels (21) dienenden Raum (84) verbunden sind.
3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kipphebel (21) einstückig ist und daß seine Drehachse aus zwei Lagerzapfen (25, 26) besteht.
4. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1, 2 und 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kipphebelträger (31) einen Axialschlitz (32) in Längsrichtung aufweist, durch den der Kipphebel (21) auf den Ventilschaft (53) einwirkt, sowie eine Axialnut (34) quer zu diesem Schlitz aufweist, deren Boden das Drehlager für den Kipphebel bildet.
5. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Stößel (17) zwei Abflachungen (18, 19) aufweist, parallel zu den Nockenschiebenebenen, sowie eine Nut (23) aufweist, an deren Boden sich der Kipphebel (21) abstützt.
6. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Kipphebel (21) eine zylindrische Auflagefläche aufweist, deren Erzeugende zur ebenen Fläche des Bodens der Nut (23) des Stößels (17) derart konjugiert ist, daß zu Beginn des Anhebens des Ventils das Multiplikationsverhältnis minimal ist und daß zum Ende dieses Anhebens dieses Verhältnis maximal ist.
7. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nockenscheibe (12) für einen gegebenen Ventilhub eine Nockenhöhe aufweist, die ausreichend klein ist, so daß sein Profil keine störenden Abnutzungskonkavstellen aufweist.
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jede der beiden Einheiten, die ein Ventil, einen Kipphebelhalter, einen Kipphebel, einen Stößelschlitz und zwei Aussparungen für den Stössel und den Kipphebelhalter aufweisen, für den gleichen Zylinder in einer Ebene angeordnet ist, die durch das Schneiden desjenigen Bereiches, in dem der Stößel arbeitet, mit der Achse des Ventilschafts bestimmt ist und zwar symmetrisch zur anderen Anordnung bezüglich derjenigen Ebene, die durch die Zylinderachse und die Achse X, X' des Motors verläuft.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie zwei miteinander verbundene Nockenschieben aufweist, die alle Einlaßventile bzw. Auslaßventile steuern und in Längsrichtung zueinander versetzt sind, wobei die entsprechenden Anordnungen aus Stößel, Kipphebel und Kipphebelhalter die gleiche Längsversetzung aufweisen.
10. Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie eine einzige Nockenschiebe (12) aufweist, die die Gesamtheit der Auslaßventile und Einlaßventile steuert und nacheinander den Auslaßstößel (16) und den Einlaßstößel (17) eines jeden Zylinders (4) beaufschlagt.
11. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Fall, in dem der Motor fünf Zylinder aufweist, die Auslaßstößel (16) und die Einlaßstößel (17) eines gleichen Zylinders (4) im Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind um einen Winkel, der in der Nähe von 33 bis 35° liegt.
12. Axial-Verbrennungsmotor, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß er eine Steuervorrichtung gemäß einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 11 aufweist.
EP83400412A 1982-03-04 1983-03-01 Steuervorrichtung für eine Axialmaschine Expired EP0092447B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8203576 1982-03-04
FR8203576A FR2522723A1 (fr) 1982-03-04 1982-03-04 Dispositif de distribution pour moteur axial

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0092447A1 EP0092447A1 (de) 1983-10-26
EP0092447B1 true EP0092447B1 (de) 1985-06-26

Family

ID=9271574

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83400412A Expired EP0092447B1 (de) 1982-03-04 1983-03-01 Steuervorrichtung für eine Axialmaschine

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4502427A (de)
EP (1) EP0092447B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS58165513A (de)
DE (1) DE3360316D1 (de)
ES (1) ES520267A0 (de)
FR (1) FR2522723A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5184401A (en) * 1990-11-30 1993-02-09 Mazda Motor Corporation Method of assembling valve drive mechanism to engine
JP2000130254A (ja) * 1998-10-28 2000-05-09 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd 車両用エンジン
US6279522B1 (en) 1999-03-19 2001-08-28 Tecumseh Products Company Drive train for overhead cam engine
US6698394B2 (en) 1999-03-23 2004-03-02 Thomas Engine Company Homogenous charge compression ignition and barrel engines
US6662775B2 (en) 1999-03-23 2003-12-16 Thomas Engine Company, Llc Integral air compressor for boost air in barrel engine
US6276324B1 (en) 1999-04-08 2001-08-21 Tecumseh Products Company Overhead ring cam engine with angled split housing
US6484683B2 (en) * 2000-01-26 2002-11-26 International Engine Intellectual Property Company, L.L.C. Rocker carrier
US8046299B2 (en) 2003-10-15 2011-10-25 American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. Systems, methods, and devices for selling transaction accounts
US6968751B2 (en) 2004-01-21 2005-11-29 Innovation Engineering, Inc. Axial piston machines

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US16205A (en) * 1856-12-09 Machine eoe
FR481384A (fr) * 1916-04-03 1916-11-28 Societe Des Moteurs Gnome Et Rhone Système de commande de soupape pour moteurs thermiques
FR512279A (fr) * 1920-03-23 1921-01-19 Otto Landgraf Commande des soupapes de distribution des moteurs à explosion à cylindres en étoile
GB339337A (en) * 1929-09-03 1930-12-03 Morris Commercial Cars Ltd Improvements in and relating to cylinder heads and valve operating mechanism for internal combustion engines
FR832881A (fr) * 1937-05-24 1938-10-04 Moteur à canon axial
FR853486A (fr) * 1939-04-25 1940-03-20 Moteur à combustion interne à cylindres disposés en barillet
FR992883A (fr) * 1944-09-20 1951-10-24 Moteurs Lab Et Dispositif de commande de soupape pour moteurs à combustion interne
US2814283A (en) * 1954-04-12 1957-11-26 Daimler Benz Ag Valve control mechanism, particularly for high speed internal combustion engines
FR1254422A (fr) * 1959-12-24 1961-02-24 Dba Sa Dispositif de commande électromagnétique du pignon d'un démarreur
FR1295450A (fr) * 1961-04-25 1962-06-08 Distribution pour moteur en barillet
US3198183A (en) * 1964-02-21 1965-08-03 Gen Motors Corp Stud type rocker arm mounting
US3765671A (en) * 1971-07-16 1973-10-16 North American Rockwell Actuator mechanism for the folder of a printing press or the like
FR2267446A1 (en) * 1974-04-12 1975-11-07 Brille Maurice Induction and exhaust manifolds for barrel engine - has inlet swirl chamber air and fuel

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS58165513A (ja) 1983-09-30
FR2522723B1 (de) 1984-05-04
US4502427A (en) 1985-03-05
ES8401568A1 (es) 1983-12-16
FR2522723A1 (fr) 1983-09-09
EP0092447A1 (de) 1983-10-26
ES520267A0 (es) 1983-12-16
DE3360316D1 (en) 1985-08-01

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