EP0087584B1 - Device for making compressed bodies - Google Patents

Device for making compressed bodies Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0087584B1
EP0087584B1 EP83100736A EP83100736A EP0087584B1 EP 0087584 B1 EP0087584 B1 EP 0087584B1 EP 83100736 A EP83100736 A EP 83100736A EP 83100736 A EP83100736 A EP 83100736A EP 0087584 B1 EP0087584 B1 EP 0087584B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fact
accordance
upper ram
valve
casing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP83100736A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0087584A2 (en
EP0087584A3 (en
Inventor
Benjamin Furch
Friedrich-Wilhelm Rost
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rheinmetall Industrie AG
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Rheinmetall GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Rheinmetall GmbH filed Critical Rheinmetall GmbH
Publication of EP0087584A2 publication Critical patent/EP0087584A2/en
Publication of EP0087584A3 publication Critical patent/EP0087584A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0087584B1 publication Critical patent/EP0087584B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/06—Platens or press rams
    • B30B15/065—Press rams
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/0005—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing for briquetting presses
    • B30B15/0017—Deairing means
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033—Shaping the mixture
    • C06B21/0041—Shaping the mixture by compression
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S425/00—Plastic article or earthenware shaping or treating: apparatus
    • Y10S425/812—Venting

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing a compact, in particular from explosive, with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known for producing containers from plastic material from US Pat. No. 1,826,945.
  • the rod must be held in the upper area and the valve must be pressed into its open position by means of a spring.
  • the valve is pressed shut by the material to be pressed rising in thin channels. Fine-grained, powdery material, as is especially the case with explosives, will soon enter the channel that leads into the spring-receiving space and thus bring the valve to a standstill.
  • the press according to US Pat. No. 1 826 945 is therefore not suitable for fine-grained, powdery pressed material.
  • Devices are known from the British patent specification 508 598 and the US patent specification 2 607 435 in which the material to be pressed is compressed under vacuum conditions in order to remove gas components present in the press volume. Devices of this type are very complex since they must at least include a vacuum pump, sealing elements, separators with cleaning options and pipes for connecting the individual components. In addition, long pressing times are required, since the vacuum conditions have to be established before the pressing process. Valves that initially leave the gas outlet lines open, but then close, are not present in the above-mentioned designs.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for the production of compacts from fine-grained material to be pressed, in particular from explosives, which is distinguished by a simple and reliable construction and which enables the production of non-porous compacts while maintaining safe conditions.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic illustration of the parts of the device mentioned at the beginning which are essential for the invention and which cooperate during the pressing process. Shown is an upper punch 10 which can be moved up and down in the direction of the dipple arrow 18 and, during its downward movement, dips into a die (pressing pot) 14 which is arranged in a stationary manner and contains the material to be pressed 15. The remaining parts of the device, in particular the means for holding the die 14 and the upper punch 10 and the means for moving it, are not shown in FIG. 1, since they are irrelevant for the explanation of the invention.
  • the upper punch 10 comprises at least one gas outlet opening which at least temporarily connects the pressing volume 16 to the surroundings even after the upper punch 10 has been immersed in the die 14, and which Displacement of the gas components by shut-off means is automatically lockable.
  • the gas outlet opening consists of a central axial bore 20, 20 'penetrating the upper punch 10, which is arranged in the middle part 12 of the upper punch 10 in essentially radially extending connecting channel 21 is connected.
  • the parts 11, 12 of the multi-part upper punch 10 which are penetrated by the central axial bore 20, 20 comprise a cup-shaped sleeve 11, which acts on the material to be pressed 15 with its outer bottom surface 17 and which is connected to the section 12 of the upper punch 10 containing radially extending connecting channel 21 can be detached, in particular can be connected by means of a screw connection 23.
  • the inner wall 24 of this cup-shaped sleeve 11 comprises a stair-shaped peripheral seat 25 which lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the upper punch 10. This seat 25 serves as a stop for the thread 23 of the part 12.
  • the seat 25 delimits a partial volume 26 of the sleeve 11 upwards, in which shut-off means for closing the bore 20 are arranged.
  • shut-off means consist of a valve flap 40 (FIG. 4) which rests on the bottom of the sleeve 11 in the idle state and which in the partial volume 26 of the sleeve 11 delimited by the seat 25 in the axial direction up to the stop on the end face of the upper punch part 12 is free to move.
  • the valve flap 40 consists of a hub 41, which, for centering purposes, has projections 42 which are arranged at an even distance on the circumference and extend in the radial direction.
  • valve flap 40 In an end face 60 of the hub 41 of the valve flap 40, grooves 43, 43 'are introduced along intersecting diameters, which promote the escape of the gas components.
  • the special shape of the valve flap 40 is also apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6 and the arrangement of the grooves from FIG. 6.
  • the valve flap 40 is expediently made of a plastic, for example Makrolon.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is as follows. After filling the pressed material 15 into the die 14, the upper punch 10 moves into the pressing volume 16 and begins to displace the gas components contained in the pressing volume 16 through the bore 20 ', 20 and the connecting channel 21 to the outside. At this time, the valve flap 40 rests on the bottom of the sleeve 11. As soon as the upper punch 10 comes into contact with the pressed material 15 during further lowering, a small proportion of the pressed material 15 enters the interior of the sleeve 11 through the bore 20 'which penetrates the bottom 17 of the cup-shaped sleeve 11 and thereby lifts the valve flap 40 from the bottom the sleeve 11.
  • valve flap 40 is then pressed against the bore 20 opening in the central part 12 of the upper punch 10 and closes it.
  • the gas outlet opening which initially exists via the bore 20 and the connecting channel 21 is closed and prevents material to be pressed from entering the bore 20 arranged in the central part 12 of the upper punch 10.
  • the upper piston 10 After the pressing process has ended, the upper piston 10 returns in the upward direction of the double arrow 18 (FIG. 1), only the uppermost part 13 of the upper piston 10 taking part in this movement.
  • the interconnected parts 11 and 12 of the upper piston 10 may remain in the die 14 until the pressed material has cooled and can be removed together with the die until the pressed part is removed from the device.
  • the small amount of pressed material that has entered the sleeve 11 can be removed in a simple manner by a suitable solvent, for example warm water; the sleeve 11 can then be used for a new pressing process.
  • a suitable solvent for example warm water
  • the parts identified by reference numerals 11, 12 and 13 can also be designed to be retractable together.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Presskörpers, insbesondere aus Explosivstoff mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device for producing a compact, in particular from explosive, with the features of the preamble of claim 1.

Es ist allgemein bekannt, dass die Herstellung von Presskörpern sowohl im Strang- als auch im Blockpressverfahren mit Mängeln behaftet ist, die insbesondere darin bestehen, dass der in den Presszylinder bzw. Presstopf einfahrende Pressstempel eine Kompression der im Pressvolumen gegebenenfalls vorhandenen Gasanteile (Luft) zur Folge hat. Diese Kompression kann sich auf unterschiedliche Art und Weise unangenehm bemerkbar machen. Zunächst wird die eingeschlossene Luft über dem Pressgut infolge adiabatischer Verdichtung erhitzt. Dies kann Entzündung und Zersetzung des zu verdichtenden Pressguts zur Folge haben. In einem weniger ungünstigen Fall wird die komprimierte und erhitzte Luft von niedergehenden Pressstempel in das Pressgut gedrückt und gestaltet den Presskörper porös, was ebenfalls unerwünscht ist.It is generally known that the production of pressed bodies in both the extrusion and block pressing processes is defective, which consists in particular in that the press die moving into the press cylinder or press pot compresses the gas components (air) that may be present in the press volume Consequence. This compression can be uncomfortably noticeable in different ways. First, the trapped air above the material to be pressed is heated due to adiabatic compression. This can cause inflammation and decomposition of the compacted material to be compacted. In a less unfavorable case, the compressed and heated air is pressed into the material to be pressed by descending press punches and makes the press body porous, which is also undesirable.

Eine Vorrichtung mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Anspruchs 1 ist zum Herstellen von Behältern aus plastischem Material aus der US-Patentschrift 1 826 945 bekannt. Dort befindet sich im Oberstempel ein an einer Stange hängendes Ventil mit einem Ventilsitz. Die Stange muss im oberen Bereich gehalten sein und das Ventil muss mittels einer Feder in seine Offenlage gedrückt werden. Am Schluss des Pressvorgangs wird das Ventil durch das in dünnen Kanälen hochsteigende Pressgut zugedrückt. Feinkörniges, pulverförmiges Material, wie es insbesondere bei Explosivstoffen vorliegt, wird nach kurzer Zeit in den Kanal, der in den die Feder aufnehmenden Raum führt, eintreten und damit das Ventil zum Erliegen bringen. Für feinkörniges, pulverförmiges Pressgut ist somit die Presse nach der US-Patentschrift 1 826 945 nicht geeignet.A device with the features of the preamble of claim 1 is known for producing containers from plastic material from US Pat. No. 1,826,945. There is a valve hanging on a rod with a valve seat in the upper stamp. The rod must be held in the upper area and the valve must be pressed into its open position by means of a spring. At the end of the pressing process, the valve is pressed shut by the material to be pressed rising in thin channels. Fine-grained, powdery material, as is especially the case with explosives, will soon enter the channel that leads into the spring-receiving space and thus bring the valve to a standstill. The press according to US Pat. No. 1 826 945 is therefore not suitable for fine-grained, powdery pressed material.

Aus der britischen Patentschrift 508 598 und der US-Patentschrift 2 607 435 sind Vorrichtungen bekannt, bei denen zur Beseitigung von im Pressvolumen vorhandenen Gasanteilen das Pressgut unter Vakuumbedingungen verdichtet wird. Derartige Vorrichtungen sind sehr aufwendig, da sie zumindesten eine Vakuumpumpe, Dichtungselemente, Abscheider mit Reinigungsmöglichkeiten und Rohrleitungen zur Verbindung der einzelnen Bauelemente umfassen müssen. Ausserdem sind lange Presszeiten erforderlich, da jeweils vor dem Pressvorgang die Vakuumbedingungen herzustellen sind. Ventile, die die Gasaustrittsleitungen zunächst offenlassen, dann aber schliessen, sind bei den genannten Konstruktionen nicht vorhanden.Devices are known from the British patent specification 508 598 and the US patent specification 2 607 435 in which the material to be pressed is compressed under vacuum conditions in order to remove gas components present in the press volume. Devices of this type are very complex since they must at least include a vacuum pump, sealing elements, separators with cleaning options and pipes for connecting the individual components. In addition, long pressing times are required, since the vacuum conditions have to be established before the pressing process. Valves that initially leave the gas outlet lines open, but then close, are not present in the above-mentioned designs.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es daher, eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Presskörpern aus feinkörnigem Pressgut, insbesondere aus Explosivstoffen, anzugeben, die sich durch einfache und betriebsichere Konstruktion auszeichnet und die bei Einhaltung sicherer Bedingungen die Herstellung nichtporöser Presskörper ermöglicht.The object of the invention is therefore to provide a device for the production of compacts from fine-grained material to be pressed, in particular from explosives, which is distinguished by a simple and reliable construction and which enables the production of non-porous compacts while maintaining safe conditions.

Die zur Lösung der gestellten Aufgabe wesentlichen notwendigen Merkmale der Erfindung sind im Patentanspruch 1 genannt. Die Unteransprüche nennen Ausführungsarten der Erfindung.The features of the invention that are essential for achieving the object are mentioned in claim 1. The subclaims list embodiments of the invention.

Ausführungsformen der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt. Es zeigt:

  • Figur 1: eine schematische Darstellung von beim Pressvorgang zusammenwirkenden Teilen der Vorrichtung;
  • Figur 2: eine vergrösserte; z.T. im Schnitt dargestellte Seitenansicht des Oberstempels der Vorrichtung;
  • Figur 3: eine Aufsicht auf den mittleren Teil des aus mehreren Teilen bestehenden Oberstempels mit Blickrichtung aus Richtung A gern. Fig. 2;
  • Figur 4: eine Aufsicht auf die im unteren Teil des mehrteiligen Oberstempels angeordnete Ventilklappe;
  • Figur 5: eine Seitenansicht aus Blickrichtung B auf eine gegenüber Fig. 4 geänderte Ausführungsform einer Ventilklappe;
  • Figur 6: eine Schnittdarstellung der Ventilklappe gemäss Linie 6-6 aus Fig. 4.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing. It shows:
  • Figure 1 is a schematic representation of parts of the device interacting during the pressing process;
  • Figure 2: an enlarged; Side view of the upper punch of the device, partly shown in section;
  • Figure 3: a view of the central part of the upper stamp consisting of several parts with a view from direction A like. Fig. 2;
  • FIG. 4: a top view of the valve flap arranged in the lower part of the multi-part upper punch;
  • FIG. 5 shows a side view from viewing direction B of an embodiment of a valve flap that has been modified compared to FIG. 4;
  • FIG. 6 shows a sectional view of the valve flap according to line 6-6 from FIG. 4.

Fig. 1 zeigt eine schematische Darstellung der für die Erfindung wesentlichen Teile der eingangs erwähnten Vorrichtung, die während des Pressvorgangs zusammenwirken. Dargestellt ist ein in Richtung des Dippelpfeils 18 auf- und abbewegbarer Oberstempel 10, der während seiner Abwärtsbewegung in eine das zu verpressende Pressgut 15 enthaltende ortsfest angeordnete Matrize (Presstopf) 14 eintaucht. Die übrigen Teile der Vorrichtung, insbesondere die Mittel zur Halterung der Matrize 14 und des Oberstempels 10 und die Mittel zu dessen Fortbewegung sind in Fig. 1 nicht dargestellt, da sie für die Erläuterung der Erfindung ohne Belang sind.1 shows a schematic illustration of the parts of the device mentioned at the beginning which are essential for the invention and which cooperate during the pressing process. Shown is an upper punch 10 which can be moved up and down in the direction of the dipple arrow 18 and, during its downward movement, dips into a die (pressing pot) 14 which is arranged in a stationary manner and contains the material to be pressed 15. The remaining parts of the device, in particular the means for holding the die 14 and the upper punch 10 and the means for moving it, are not shown in FIG. 1, since they are irrelevant for the explanation of the invention.

Um während des Pressvorgangs eine Ableitung der ggf. im Pressvolumen 16 enthaltenen Gasanteile zu ermöglichen, umfasst der Oberstempel 10 mindestens eine Gasaustrittsöffnung, die zumindest zeitweilig das Pressvolumen 16 auch noch nach dem Eintauchen des Oberstempels 10 in die Matrize 14 mit der Umgebung verbindet und die nach Verdrängen der Gasanteile durch Absperrmittel selbsttätig verschliessbar ist.In order to enable the gas portions possibly contained in the pressing volume 16 to be derived during the pressing process, the upper punch 10 comprises at least one gas outlet opening which at least temporarily connects the pressing volume 16 to the surroundings even after the upper punch 10 has been immersed in the die 14, and which Displacement of the gas components by shut-off means is automatically lockable.

Wie aus Fig. 2 ersichtlich ist, die eine vergrösserte Darstellung des aus mehreren Teilen bestehenden Oberstempels 10 wiedergibt, besteht die Gasaustrittsöffnung aus einer den Oberstempel 10 durchsetzenden zentralaxialen Bohrung 20, 20', die mit einem im mittleren Teil 12 des Oberstempels 10 angeordneten, im wesentlichen radial verlaufenden Verbindungskanal 21 verbunden ist. Dadurch ist sichergestellt, dass auch bei aufgesetztem Oberteil 13 des Oberstempels 10, der über den in Fig. dargestellten Konus mit dem mittleren Teil 12 des Oberstempels 10 zentrierbar ist, die Gasanteile aus dem Pressvolumen 16 über die Bohrung 20, 20' und den Verbindungskanal 21 in die Umgebung entweichen können.As can be seen from Fig. 2, which shows an enlarged view of the upper punch 10 consisting of several parts, the gas outlet opening consists of a central axial bore 20, 20 'penetrating the upper punch 10, which is arranged in the middle part 12 of the upper punch 10 in essentially radially extending connecting channel 21 is connected. This ensures that even when the upper part 13 of the upper punch 10 is in place, which can be centered with the central part 12 of the upper punch 10 via the cone shown in FIG. 1, the gas components from the press volume 16 via the bore 20, 20 'and the connecting channel 21 can escape into the environment.

Die von der zentralaxialen Bohrung 20, 20' durchsetzten Teile 11, 12 des mehrteiligen Oberstempels 10 umfassen eine mit ihrer äusseren Bodenfläche 17 auf das Pressgut 15 einwirkende topfförmig ausgebildete Hülse 11, die mit dem den radial verlaufenden Verbindungskanal 21 enthaltenden Teilstück 12 des Oberstempels 10 lösbar, insbesondere mittels einer Verschraubung 23 verbindbar ist. Die Innenwandung 24 dieser topfförmigen Hülse 11 umfasst einen treppenförmig ausgebildeten umlaufenden Sitz 25, der in einer senkrecht auf der Längsachse des Oberstempels 10 stehenden Ebene liegt. Dieser Sitz 25 dient als Anschlag für das Gewinde 23 des Teils 12. Der Sitz 25 begrenzt ein Teilvolumen 26 der Hülse 11 nach oben, in dem Absperrmittel zum Verschliessen der Bohrung 20 angeordnet sind. Diese Absperrmittel bestehen aus einer Ventilklappe 40 (Fig. 4), die im Ruhezustand auf dem Boden der Hülse 11 aufliegt und die in dem durch den Sitz 25 nach oben begrenzten Teilvolumen 26 der Hülse 11 in Axialrichtung bis zum Anschlag an die Stirnfläche des Oberstempelteils 12 frei beweglich ist. Die Ventilklappe 40 besteht in einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung aus einer Nabe 41, die zur Zentrierung auf dem Umfang gleichmässig beabstandet angeordnete, in Radialrichtung sich erstreckende Fortsätze 42 trägt. In eine Stirnfläche 60 der Nabe 41 der Ventilklappe 40 sind entlang sich kreuzender Durchmesser Nuten 43, 43' eingebracht, die ein Entweichen der Gasanteile begünstigen. Die spezielle Gestalt der Ventilklappe 40 geht auch aus den Fig. 5 und 6 und die Anordnung der Nuten aus Figur 6 hervor.The parts 11, 12 of the multi-part upper punch 10 which are penetrated by the central axial bore 20, 20 'comprise a cup-shaped sleeve 11, which acts on the material to be pressed 15 with its outer bottom surface 17 and which is connected to the section 12 of the upper punch 10 containing radially extending connecting channel 21 can be detached, in particular can be connected by means of a screw connection 23. The inner wall 24 of this cup-shaped sleeve 11 comprises a stair-shaped peripheral seat 25 which lies in a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the upper punch 10. This seat 25 serves as a stop for the thread 23 of the part 12. The seat 25 delimits a partial volume 26 of the sleeve 11 upwards, in which shut-off means for closing the bore 20 are arranged. These shut-off means consist of a valve flap 40 (FIG. 4) which rests on the bottom of the sleeve 11 in the idle state and which in the partial volume 26 of the sleeve 11 delimited by the seat 25 in the axial direction up to the stop on the end face of the upper punch part 12 is free to move. In a preferred exemplary embodiment of the invention, the valve flap 40 consists of a hub 41, which, for centering purposes, has projections 42 which are arranged at an even distance on the circumference and extend in the radial direction. In an end face 60 of the hub 41 of the valve flap 40, grooves 43, 43 'are introduced along intersecting diameters, which promote the escape of the gas components. The special shape of the valve flap 40 is also apparent from FIGS. 5 and 6 and the arrangement of the grooves from FIG. 6.

Die Ventilklappe 40 wird zweckmässig aus einem Kunststoff, beispielsweise Makrolon hergestellt.The valve flap 40 is expediently made of a plastic, for example Makrolon.

Die Wirkungsweise der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung ist wie folgt. Nach Einfüllen des Pressguts 15 in die Matrize 14 fährt der Oberstempel 10 in das Pressvolumen 16 ein und beginnt die im Pressvolumen 16 enthaltenen Gasanteile durch die Bohrung 20', 20 und den Verbindungskanal 21 nach aussen zu verdrängen. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt liegt die Ventilklappe 40 auf dem Boden der Hülse 11 auf. Sobald der Oberstempel 10 beim weiteren Absenken mit dem Pressgut 15 in Berührung kommt, tritt ein geringer Anteil des Pressguts 15 durch die den Boden 17 der topfförmigen Hülse 11 durchsetzende Bohrung 20' in das Innere der Hülse 11 ein und hebt dabei die Ventilklappe 40 vom Boden der Hülse 11 ab. Die Ventilklappe 40 wird dann gegen die im mittleren Teil 12 des Oberstempels 10 mündende Bohrung 20 gepresst und verschliesst diese. Dadurch wird die zunächst über die Bohrung 20 und den Verbindungskanal 21 bestehende Gasaustrittsöffnung verschlossen und verhindert, dass Pressgut in die im mittleren Teil 12 des Oberstempels 10 angeordnete Bohrung 20 eintritt.The operation of the device according to the invention is as follows. After filling the pressed material 15 into the die 14, the upper punch 10 moves into the pressing volume 16 and begins to displace the gas components contained in the pressing volume 16 through the bore 20 ', 20 and the connecting channel 21 to the outside. At this time, the valve flap 40 rests on the bottom of the sleeve 11. As soon as the upper punch 10 comes into contact with the pressed material 15 during further lowering, a small proportion of the pressed material 15 enters the interior of the sleeve 11 through the bore 20 'which penetrates the bottom 17 of the cup-shaped sleeve 11 and thereby lifts the valve flap 40 from the bottom the sleeve 11. The valve flap 40 is then pressed against the bore 20 opening in the central part 12 of the upper punch 10 and closes it. As a result, the gas outlet opening which initially exists via the bore 20 and the connecting channel 21 is closed and prevents material to be pressed from entering the bore 20 arranged in the central part 12 of the upper punch 10.

Nach Beendung des Pressvorgangs kehrt der Oberkolben 10 in Aufwärtsrichtung des Doppelpfeils 18 (Fig. 1) zurück, wobei an dieser Bewegung allerdings nur der oberste Teil 13 des Oberkolbens 10 teilnimmt. Die miteinander verbundenen Teile 11 und 12 des Oberkolbens 10 verbleiben ggf. bis zum Abkühlen des Pressguts in der Matrize 14 und können zusammen mit dieser bis zur Entnahme des Pressteils aus der Vorrichtung entnommen werden.After the pressing process has ended, the upper piston 10 returns in the upward direction of the double arrow 18 (FIG. 1), only the uppermost part 13 of the upper piston 10 taking part in this movement. The interconnected parts 11 and 12 of the upper piston 10 may remain in the die 14 until the pressed material has cooled and can be removed together with the die until the pressed part is removed from the device.

Die in die Hülse 11 eingetretene geringe Pressgutmenge kann auf einfache Weise durch ein geeignetes Lösungsmittel, beispielsweise warmes Wasser, entfernt werden; die Hülse 11 ist daraufhin für einen neuen Pressvorgang verwendbar.The small amount of pressed material that has entered the sleeve 11 can be removed in a simple manner by a suitable solvent, for example warm water; the sleeve 11 can then be used for a new pressing process.

In einem weiteren Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung können die mit Bezugsziffern 11, 12 und 13 bezeichneten Teile auch gemeinsam zurückziehbar ausgebildet sein.In a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the parts identified by reference numerals 11, 12 and 13 can also be designed to be retractable together.

Claims (9)

1. Apparatus for the production of a pressed article, particularly one formed of explosive substance, with an upper ram which enters a lower die during the pressing operation and which is provided with a gas outlet initially connecting the pressing chamber with the surroundings during the pressing operation and with shutoff means which, operated by the pressing material, shut off the gas outlet before the completion of the pressing process, characterized by the fact that the upper ram (10) is provided in a base zone, with a part chamber (26) as a valve chamber and, as a shut-off means, with a clack-valve (40) which bears freely on the floor of the valve chamber at the beginning of the pressing operation and which is movable freely up and down and which is of less height than the valve chamber, the gas outlet, formed by borings (20', 20) leading to the base and end wall of the valve chamber.
2. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 1, characterized by the fact that the gas outlet comprises central axial borings (20, 20') passing through the upper ram (10).
3. Apparatus in accordance with either one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that the upper ram (10) comprises a number of parts (11, 12, 13) and the central part (12) of the upper ram (10) contains a connecting channel (21) extending mainly in a radial direction, between the boring (20) and an outer casing surface (22) of the upper ram (10).
4. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 3, characterized by the fact that those parts (11, 12) of the upper ram (10) through which the borings (20, 20') pass include a casing (11)of pot-shaped construction which acts by an outer base surface (17) on the pressed material (15) and which is detachably connectable, preferably by means of a screw connection (23) with that part (12) of the upper ram (10) which contains the radial connection channel (21).
5. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 4, characterized by the fact that the inner wall (24) of the casing (11) has a stepped seating (25) therearound.
6. Apparatus in accordance with Claim 5, characterized by the fact that the clack valve (40) for closing the boring (20) rests on the base of the casing (11) when in the position of rest and is freely movable in an axial direction in the casing (11) which is delimited at the top by the seating (25).
7. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized by the fact that the clack valve (40) consists of a hub (41) which has extensions (42) extending in a radial direction and positioned at equal distances around the periphery.
8. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that grooves (43, 43') are provided along intersecting diameters in an end face (60) of the hub (41).
9. Apparatus in accordance with any one of Claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the clack valve (40) consists of a heat-resisting plastic material:
EP83100736A 1982-02-27 1983-01-27 Device for making compressed bodies Expired EP0087584B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19823207191 DE3207191A1 (en) 1982-02-27 1982-02-27 DEVICE FOR PRODUCING PRESSED BODIES
DE3207191 1982-02-27

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0087584A2 EP0087584A2 (en) 1983-09-07
EP0087584A3 EP0087584A3 (en) 1985-04-24
EP0087584B1 true EP0087584B1 (en) 1987-01-07

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP83100736A Expired EP0087584B1 (en) 1982-02-27 1983-01-27 Device for making compressed bodies

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4545755A (en)
EP (1) EP0087584B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3207191A1 (en)
NO (1) NO155651C (en)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
SE460460B (en) * 1983-07-01 1989-10-16 Convey Teknik Ab PROCEDURE AND DEVICE FOR REGULATED PRESSURE OF POWDER MATERIAL
JPH0636076B2 (en) * 1985-04-12 1994-05-11 株式会社日立製作所 Radioactive waste granulator
DE3523930A1 (en) * 1985-07-04 1987-01-08 Dynamit Nobel Ag PROTECTION PROCEDURE WHEN COVERING TEMPERATURE OR PRESSURE SENSITIVE SUBSTANCES
US5549769A (en) * 1989-03-20 1996-08-27 Breed Automotive Technology, Inc. High temperature stable, low imput energy primer/detonator
DE102012104202A1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2013-11-21 CONAPRO GmbH Apparatus for compacting of earth-moist concrete for manufacturing concrete concrete blocks, comprises mold wall or stamp plate with multiple perforations, which have cross-sectional area of less than ten square millimeter

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1826945A (en) * 1928-02-06 1931-10-13 American Container Corp Molding apparatus

Family Cites Families (7)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE174347C (en) *
DE556298C (en) * 1931-02-25 1932-08-06 Becker & Van Huellen Hydraulic press
GB508598A (en) * 1938-02-18 1939-07-04 Horace Harrison Macey Improved press for moulding powdered material
US2607435A (en) * 1949-08-08 1952-08-19 Dohse Hans Apparatus for increasing the bulk density of pulverulent materials
US2865052A (en) * 1955-10-04 1958-12-23 Hooker Chemical Corp Vented mold for plastic materials
US3377662A (en) * 1965-04-20 1968-04-16 Bridgestone Tire Co Ltd Metal mold having vent plug means for shaping a plastic article and vulcanizing a rubber article
US3822857A (en) * 1971-02-16 1974-07-09 Toyo Tire & Rubber Co Synthetic resin plug for vent hole of mould

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1826945A (en) * 1928-02-06 1931-10-13 American Container Corp Molding apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3207191A1 (en) 1983-09-08
NO155651B (en) 1987-01-26
US4545755A (en) 1985-10-08
NO830605L (en) 1983-08-29
DE3368918D1 (en) 1987-02-12
NO155651C (en) 1987-05-06
EP0087584A2 (en) 1983-09-07
EP0087584A3 (en) 1985-04-24

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