EP0086976B1 - Fire protection element - Google Patents

Fire protection element Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0086976B1
EP0086976B1 EP83100642A EP83100642A EP0086976B1 EP 0086976 B1 EP0086976 B1 EP 0086976B1 EP 83100642 A EP83100642 A EP 83100642A EP 83100642 A EP83100642 A EP 83100642A EP 0086976 B1 EP0086976 B1 EP 0086976B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire protection
protection element
element according
covering
fire
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
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EP83100642A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0086976A1 (en
Inventor
Albert Breithaupt
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Trube and Kings KG
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Trube and Kings KG
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Publication date
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Priority to AT83100642T priority Critical patent/ATE19665T1/en
Publication of EP0086976A1 publication Critical patent/EP0086976A1/en
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/96—Curtain walls comprising panels attached to the structure through mullions or transoms
    • E04B2/967—Details of the cross-section of the mullions or transoms
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/92—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers
    • E04B1/94—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against fire
    • E04B1/945—Load-supporting structures specially adapted therefor
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
    • E04B2/88—Curtain walls
    • E04B2/90—Curtain walls comprising panels directly attached to the structure
    • E04B2/92—Sandwich-type panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fire protection element, consisting of a load-bearing metal profile for a fire protection filler element that can be clamped in the fire protection element, in particular fire protection glazing or panel, and thermal insulation surrounding the metal profile up to the clamping area of the filler element and a metal cladding enclosing the thermal insulation.
  • Such fire protection elements such as windows, doors, gates and flaps, along with additional top, side and bottom parts, are used to close masonry and / or building openings in buildings, wherever they are required by the state building codes and special building codes .
  • fire protection glass Since fire protection glass has been available, fire protection windows have also increasingly been used in external openings in particularly vulnerable places, for example where building parts meet at right angles.
  • DE-AS 2 451 890 already discloses fire-retardant glazing in the form of a glass pane arranged in a frame, a supporting element being provided which has a supporting core and an insulating layer surrounding the core and a cover surrounding the insulating layer.
  • these individual parts are not suitable in the event of fire, i.e. H. in the event of a fire on the outside of the cover, to ensure effective protection of the load-bearing component.
  • the outer cover is attached or clamped at the end to the load-bearing component.
  • there is a heat transfer between the supporting core and the outer cover so that the heat occurring on the outside of the cover in the event of fire would be transported directly into the core and would cause impermissibly high temperatures there.
  • the outer cover would melt in the event of fire, but then there would be no more support for the thermal insulation, so that it would fall off, so that the load-bearing core would then be directly exposed to the fire.
  • the cover lies directly on a sealing strip, so that heat is also transferred here, and this sealing strip is exposed in the event of melting and is also exposed to the effects of fire, so that the holder of the pane is damaged and the pane is therefore no longer held. Accordingly, the component described in this document cannot be used effectively as a fire protection element.
  • the design of this known fire-retardant glazing requires a separate assembly of the individual parts, since the outer cover is fixed at one end to a terminal block, but which is used subsequently, which also results in a complex assembly.
  • the object of the present invention is to create a fire protection element which ensures that the filling element is held securely in any conceivable fire and that prefabrication of the fire protection element is possible.
  • the supporting metal profile, the thermal insulation and the cladding form a composite body by mutual connection, the metal profile and the cladding made of aluminum and are separated from one another in such a way that heat transfer between them is prevented, and that a outer cover strip for clamping the filling element between this and the supporting metal profile is connected to the supporting metal profile via fastening means.
  • a composite body is thus created which can be prefabricated so that it is only necessary to insert the filling element, for example the glazing, in a frame or the like formed from the fire protection element according to the invention.
  • the composite body according to the invention is designed such that, on the one hand, heat transfer between the supporting metal profile and the outer casing cannot take place and, on the other hand, when the outer casing melts, effective thermal protection is still ensured by the thermal insulation for the supporting metal profile, since the opposite side , at least non-positive connection of the individual parts of the composite body to one another, the thermal insulation is held independently of a partial or complete melting of the casing on the supporting metal profile.
  • the fire protection element is designed in such a way that the filling element is clamped directly between the load-bearing metal profile forming the core and the outer cover rail.
  • the filling element rests on the cover, so that the holder of the filling element is not influenced even when the casing melts.
  • the filling element in particular the glazing, is clamped between the protected metal core and the outer bar, so that in the event of fire exposure from the side of the insulated fire protection element, the holding function cannot be influenced.
  • the teaching according to the invention represents a departure from the teaching according to the publication described at the outset, which states that the glass element is to be clamped in such a way that there is no need to cover the pane on both sides.
  • This securing plate holds the glazing firmly against the fire protection element even if an aluminum cover strip has melted during an external fire.
  • Load-bearing metal constructions for large-area facades can use the measures according to the invention in any division.
  • the load-bearing metal construction essentially consists of a connection of two complementary rungs, bars or supports, one of which is a structurally stressable, thermally insulated and largely heat-transfer-free composite body, while the other, arranged on the outer surface, is only a supplementary function and attaches the filling elements Fulfills.
  • Aluminum is particularly suitable as a material for load-bearing metal structures, because until recently, according to prevailing opinion, it should be unsuitable for the intended purpose.
  • the advantage of the invention is therefore, in particular, that in the event of a fire, the unaffected floors, components of neighboring buildings, etc. are better protected from an attack by the fire than was previously possible.
  • the fire protection element according to the invention essentially consists of the load-bearing complementary metal structure 1, consisting of the load-bearing metal profile 8, 18, the cover strip 5 and the casing 10, it being possible for intermediate insulation elements and sealing strips to be interposed.
  • the glass pane element 3 consisting of fire protection glass of a known type, is used as filling elements (not mandatory).
  • Fire protection panels 2 are provided on the opposite side;
  • panels, glass asbestos, glass wool, windows etc. can also be used, indicated by reference note 2a.
  • the composite body 4 consists of an aluminum core 8, 18, the core part 18 being designed as a hollow profile; solid material could also be used here.
  • the core part 18 is surrounded at a distance by a casing 10, which is also made of aluminum.
  • This cladding should preferably be chosen to be very thin-walled and has mounting elements — here dovetails 24 — so that the insulation material 9 that is introduced finds a hold; such mounting elements are also advantageously provided on the core part 18.
  • the insulating material can be introduced in liquid, doughy or solid form and then forms a protective layer for the core part 18.
  • Reinforcements 11, for example reinforcing bars, plates made of aluminum, foils made of plastic and the like, can also be assigned, the latter advantageously being metal-reinforced (mesh grids and the like).
  • connection points 12 there is a metallic connection from the outside in the direction of the aluminum core - core part 8 - via the connection points 12.
  • these are already designed as zones of lower thermal conductivity, because they are shown with very thin walls and have two incisions 25 in the example shown.
  • Such incisions 25 are provided in order to be able to separate the connection points 12 after the insulation 9 has solidified. Then any metallic connection from the casing 10 towards the core part 8 is missing.
  • the complementary metal construction 1 consists in principle of the Berbund body 4, which is connected to the cover strip 5.
  • screws 6 or other known means can be used as the connecting means with the smallest possible heat-conducting cross-section.
  • securing plates 7 are arranged which secure the filling elements - fire protection plate 2 / fire protection pane system 3 - against falling off or falling out in the event of a fire.
  • the square shape of the wrapping chosen here is not mandatory. Any other suitable cross-sectional shape corresponding to a geometric figure is conceivable.
  • recesses 13 according to the invention can be provided, which are used to receive prefabricated elastic or partially elastic sealing strips 14.
  • open-pore glass ceramic or a cellular material with silicate, aluminate or phosphate inclusions can be used as the insulation material 9.
  • the cover strip should also be made of aluminum. It also has recesses 13 into which the sealing strip 14 is inserted.
  • the screw 16 holds the securing plate 7, which can also consist of several layers, with the aluminum core 8, 18. This means that the filling elements 2, 3 are also fixed in their position at the same time, even if the cover strip 5 should melt away in the event of a fire.
  • the sealing insulating strip 14 here consists of at least two materials, the outwardly facing part being an elastic part 17, e.g. B. consisting of soft plastic, rubber, etc. From a certain boundary layer 27 (dividing line), the material becomes at least inelastic because agents such as metal powder, in particular aluminum powder, or other known substances are stored here.
  • a sealing strip in such a way that it fulfills two functions, namely that it is elastic and that at least prevents flame penetration. The breakdown can also be done differently than shown here. If necessary, a layer of the material according to section 15 could still remain elastic where it rests on the securing plate 7.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Building Environments (AREA)
  • Special Wing (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
  • Inorganic Insulating Materials (AREA)
  • Emergency Protection Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Thermistors And Varistors (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns the provision of structural elements for building facades and the like, which are provided for fire protection according, for example, to German Industrial Standard requirements. Accordingly, measures should be provided for self-supporting fire protection elements which prevent the spreading of fire, for example, from floor to floor, regardless of whether the fire comes from the outside or the inside. This object is achieved in that the composite connecting body (4) consists of at least one statically loadable bearing body having an aluminum core (18) which is completely or partially surrounded by fire suppressant material (9). This fire suppressant material (9) can be provided with or without a covering (10).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Brandschutzelement, bestehend aus einem tragenden Metallprofil für ein im Brandschutzelement einspannbares Brandschutz-Füllelement, insbesondere eine Brandschutzverglasung oder -platte, und einer das Metallprofil bis zum Einspannbereich des Füllelementes umgebenden Wärmedämmung sowie einer die Wärmedämmung einschließenden Umkleidung aus Metall.The invention relates to a fire protection element, consisting of a load-bearing metal profile for a fire protection filler element that can be clamped in the fire protection element, in particular fire protection glazing or panel, and thermal insulation surrounding the metal profile up to the clamping area of the filler element and a metal cladding enclosing the thermal insulation.

Derartige Brandschutzelemente, wie Fenster, Türen, Tore und Klappen nebst ergänzenden Ober-, Seiten- und Unterteilen, dienen zum Schließen von Mauerwerks- und/oder Bauwerksöffnungen in Gebäuden, und zwar an all den Stellen, wo diese durch die Landesbauordnungen und Sonderbauordnungen vorgeschrieben sind.Such fire protection elements, such as windows, doors, gates and flaps, along with additional top, side and bottom parts, are used to close masonry and / or building openings in buildings, wherever they are required by the state building codes and special building codes .

Seitdem es Brandschutzgläser gibt, werden auch zunehmend Außenöffnungen an besonders gefährdeten Stellen, beispielsweise dort, wo Gebäudeteile rechtwinklig aufeinanderstoßen, mit Brandschutzfenstern versehen.Since fire protection glass has been available, fire protection windows have also increasingly been used in external openings in particularly vulnerable places, for example where building parts meet at right angles.

Die zahlreichen Großbrände von Hotels, Kaufhäusern und anderen Großbauwerken, insbesondere das Übergreifen in den Innenbereichen großer Städte, haben gezeigt, daß Flammenüberschläge nicht nur von Stockwerk zu Stockwerk, sondern auch von Gebäude zu Gebäude stattfinden.The numerous major fires in hotels, department stores and other large structures, in particular the spillover in the interior of large cities, have shown that flashovers not only take place from floor to floor, but also from building to building.

Hierbei sind Gebäude mit vorgehängten oder vorgebauten Fassaden, gleichgültig welcher Bauart, für die Nachbarschaft im Brandfall besonders gefährlich, weil die sich durch die Brandeinwirkung öffnenden Gebäudeaußenflächen die Brandgröße und -einwirkungsmöglickheit auf angrenzende und gegenüberliegende Gebäude potenzieren.Buildings with curtain-type or pre-built facades, regardless of their type, are particularly dangerous for the neighborhood in the event of a fire, because the building exterior surfaces that open up as a result of the fire can potentiate the size and potential for fire on adjacent and opposite buildings.

Da insbesondere in Geschäftshaus-Stadtteilen ganze Straßenzeilen gebäude mit abgehängten oder vorgebauten Fassaden aufweisen, wäre es zweckmäßig, Gebäude, die derat gefährdet sind, mit Brandschutzfassaden und/oder -dächern zu versehen, die im Rahmen der üblichen Brandklassen nach DIN 4102 das Übergreifen von Schadensfeuern auf andere Stockwerke und Gebäude verhindert.Since entire street rows have buildings with suspended or pre-built facades, in particular in commercial building districts, it would be advisable to provide buildings that are at risk of derat with fire protection facades and / or roofs which, in the context of the usual fire classes in accordance with DIN 4102, cover the spread of damage fires prevented on other floors and buildings.

Aus der DE-AS 2 451 890 ist bereits eine feuerhemmende Verglasung in Form einer in einem Rahmen angeordneten Glasscheibe bekannt, wobei ein tragendes Element vorgesehen ist, das einen tragenden Kern sowie eine den Kern umgebende Dämmschicht und eine die Dämmschicht umschließende Abdeckung aufweist. Diese einzelnen Teile sind jedoch nicht geeignet, im Brandfall, d. h. bei einem auftretenden Feuer auf der Außenseite der Abdeckung, einen wirksamen Schutz des tragenden Bauteils zu gewährleisten. Denn die äußere Abdeckung ist endseitig am tragenden Bauteil befestigt bzw. eingespannt. Hierdurch ist aber ein Wärmeübergang zwischen dem tragenden Kern und der äußeren Abdeckung gegeben, so daß die auf der Außenseite der Abdeckung im Brandfall auftretende Wärme unmittelbar in den Kern transportiert werden würde und dort unzulässig hohe Temperaturen hervorrufen würde. Des weiteren würde im Brandfalle die äußere Abdeckung schmelzen, wobei dann jedoch keinerlei Halt mehr für die Wärmedämmung gegeben wäre, so daß diese abfallen würde, so daß dann der tragende Kern unmittelbar dem Feuer ausgesetzt wäre. Außerdem liegt die Abdeckung unmittelbar an einer Dichtleiste an, so daß auch hier eine Wärmeübertragung erfolgt, und diese Dichtleiste im Falle eines Abschmelzens freiliegt und ebenfalls dem Brandeinfluß ausgesetzt ist, so daß die Halterung der Scheibe beschädigt wird und somit die Scheibe nicht mehr gehalten wird. Demnach kann das in dieser Druckschrift beschriebene Bauteil überhaupt nicht wirksam als Brandschutzelement eingesetzt werden. Darüber hinaus erfordert die Ausgestallung dieser bekannten feuerhemmenden Verglasung eine getrennte Montage der einzelnen Teile, da die äußere Abdeckung einendig an einer Klemmleiste befestigt wird, die aber nachträglich eingesetzt wird, wodurch sich auch eine aufwendige Montage ergibt.DE-AS 2 451 890 already discloses fire-retardant glazing in the form of a glass pane arranged in a frame, a supporting element being provided which has a supporting core and an insulating layer surrounding the core and a cover surrounding the insulating layer. However, these individual parts are not suitable in the event of fire, i.e. H. in the event of a fire on the outside of the cover, to ensure effective protection of the load-bearing component. Because the outer cover is attached or clamped at the end to the load-bearing component. As a result, however, there is a heat transfer between the supporting core and the outer cover, so that the heat occurring on the outside of the cover in the event of fire would be transported directly into the core and would cause impermissibly high temperatures there. Furthermore, the outer cover would melt in the event of fire, but then there would be no more support for the thermal insulation, so that it would fall off, so that the load-bearing core would then be directly exposed to the fire. In addition, the cover lies directly on a sealing strip, so that heat is also transferred here, and this sealing strip is exposed in the event of melting and is also exposed to the effects of fire, so that the holder of the pane is damaged and the pane is therefore no longer held. Accordingly, the component described in this document cannot be used effectively as a fire protection element. In addition, the design of this known fire-retardant glazing requires a separate assembly of the individual parts, since the outer cover is fixed at one end to a terminal block, but which is used subsequently, which also results in a complex assembly.

Ausgehend von dem Gegenstand der DE-AS 2451 890 liegt demnach der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Brandschutzelement zu schaffen, das bei jeder denkbaren Brandbeaufschlagung eine sichere Halterung des Füllelementes gewährleistet und wobei eine Vorfertigung des Brandschutzelementes möglich ist.Based on the subject matter of DE-AS 2451 890, the object of the present invention is to create a fire protection element which ensures that the filling element is held securely in any conceivable fire and that prefabrication of the fire protection element is possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß das tragende Metallprofil, die Wärmedämmung und die Umkleidung durch gegenseitige Verbindung einen Verbundkörper bilden, wobei das Metallprofil und die Umkleidung aus Aluminium bestehen und derart voneinander getrennt sind, daß ein Wärmeübergang zwischen diesen verhindert wird, und daß eine äußere Deckleiste zum Einspannen des Füllelementes zwischen dieser und dem tragenden Metallprofil über Befestigungsmittel mit dem tragenden Metallprofil verbunden ist. Erfindungsgemäß wird somit ein Verbundkörper geschaffen, der vorgefertigt werden kann, so daß es lediglich noch erforderlich ist, das Füllelement, beispielsweise die Verglasung, in einem aus dem erfindungsgemäßen Brandschutzelement gebildeten Rahmen o. dgl. einzusetzen. Dabei ist der erfindungsgemäße Verbundkörper derart ausgebildet, daß einerseits ein Wärmeübergang zwischen dem tragenden Metallprofil und der äußeren Umkleidung nicht stattfinden kann und andererseits beim Abschmelzen der äußeren Umkleidung nach wie vor ein wirksamer Wärmeschutz durch die Wärmedämmung für das tragende Metallprofil gewährleistet ist, da durch die gegenseite, zumindest kraftschlüssige Verbindung der einzelnen Teile des Verbundkörpers untereinander die Wärmedämmung unabhängig von einem teilweisen oder vollständigen Abschmelzen der Umkleidung am tragenden Metallprofil gehalten wird. Weiterhin ist es erfindungsgemäß wesentlich, daß das Brandschutzelement derart, ausgebildet ist, daß die Einspannung des Füllelementes unmittelbar zwischen dem tragenden, den Kern bildenden Metallprofil und der äußeren Deckschiene erfolgt. Somit wird erfindungsgemäß vermieden, daß das Füllelement an der Abdeckung anliegt, so daß auch bei Abschmelzen der Umkleidung hiervon die Halterung des Füllelementes nicht beeinflußt wird. Erfindungsgemäß ist das Fültelement, insbesondere die Verglasung, zwischen dem geschützten Metallkern und der äußeren Leiste eingespannt, so daß bei einer Feuerbeaufschlagung von der seite des wärmegedämmten Brandschutzelementes her keine Beeinflußung der Haltefunktion erfolgen kann. Insofern stellt die erfindungsgemäße Lehre gerade einer Abkehr von der Lehre gemäß der eingangs beschriebenen Druckschrift dar, die besagt, das Glaselement derart einzuspannen, daß eine beidseitige Abdeckung der Scheibe entfallen kann.This object is achieved in that the supporting metal profile, the thermal insulation and the cladding form a composite body by mutual connection, the metal profile and the cladding made of aluminum and are separated from one another in such a way that heat transfer between them is prevented, and that a outer cover strip for clamping the filling element between this and the supporting metal profile is connected to the supporting metal profile via fastening means. According to the invention, a composite body is thus created which can be prefabricated so that it is only necessary to insert the filling element, for example the glazing, in a frame or the like formed from the fire protection element according to the invention. The composite body according to the invention is designed such that, on the one hand, heat transfer between the supporting metal profile and the outer casing cannot take place and, on the other hand, when the outer casing melts, effective thermal protection is still ensured by the thermal insulation for the supporting metal profile, since the opposite side , at least non-positive connection of the individual parts of the composite body to one another, the thermal insulation is held independently of a partial or complete melting of the casing on the supporting metal profile. Furthermore, it is essential according to the invention that the fire protection element is designed in such a way that the filling element is clamped directly between the load-bearing metal profile forming the core and the outer cover rail. Consequently is avoided according to the invention that the filling element rests on the cover, so that the holder of the filling element is not influenced even when the casing melts. According to the filling element, in particular the glazing, is clamped between the protected metal core and the outer bar, so that in the event of fire exposure from the side of the insulated fire protection element, the holding function cannot be influenced. In this respect, the teaching according to the invention represents a departure from the teaching according to the publication described at the outset, which states that the glass element is to be clamped in such a way that there is no need to cover the pane on both sides.

In diesem Zusammenhang ist es erfindungsgemäß weiterhin vorteilhaft, zwischen der Deckleiste und dem einzuspannenden Füllelement mindestens eine Sicherungsplatte vorzusehen, die derart befestigt ist, daß sie an dem Füllelement, beispielsweise der verglasung, anliegt. Diese Sicherungsplatte hält die verglasung auch dann fest am Brandschutzelement, wenn bei einer äußeren Brandbeaufschlagung eine aus Aluminium bestehende Deckleiste abgeschmolzen ist.In this context, it is also advantageous according to the invention to provide at least one securing plate between the cover strip and the filler element to be clamped, which is fastened in such a way that it lies against the filler element, for example the glazing. This securing plate holds the glazing firmly against the fire protection element even if an aluminum cover strip has melted during an external fire.

Durch diese erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung der Brandschutzelemente ist sichergestellt, daß die DIN-Vorschriften für den Brandschutz erfüllt sind. Dabei können tragende Metallkonstruktionen für großflächige Fassaden in beliebiger Aufteilung die erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen verwenden. Die tragende Metallkonstruktion besteht im wesentlichen aus einer Verbindung von zwei komplementären Sprossen, Riegeln oder Stützen, von denen die eine ein statisch beanspruchbarer, wärmegedämmter und weitgehend wärmeübertragungsfreier Verbundkörper ist, während die andere, an der Außenfläche angeordnete, eine lediglich ergänzende und die Füllungselemente befestigende Funktion erfüllt. Dabei kommt insbesondere Aluminium als Material für tragende Metallkonstruktionen infrage, da bis vor kurzem, nach herrschender Meinung, für den vorgesehenen Zweck ungeeignet sein sollte.This inventive design of the fire protection elements ensures that the DIN regulations for fire protection are met. Load-bearing metal constructions for large-area facades can use the measures according to the invention in any division. The load-bearing metal construction essentially consists of a connection of two complementary rungs, bars or supports, one of which is a structurally stressable, thermally insulated and largely heat-transfer-free composite body, while the other, arranged on the outer surface, is only a supplementary function and attaches the filling elements Fulfills. Aluminum is particularly suitable as a material for load-bearing metal structures, because until recently, according to prevailing opinion, it should be unsuitable for the intended purpose.

Der Vorteil der Erfindung liegt folglich insbesondere darin, daß im Brandfall die nicht betroffenen Stockwerke, Bauteile von benachbarten Gebäuden usw. besser als es bisher möglich war, vor einem Übergriff des Feuers geschützt werden.The advantage of the invention is therefore, in particular, that in the event of a fire, the unaffected floors, components of neighboring buildings, etc. are better protected from an attack by the fire than was previously possible.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Zeichnung und der Beschreibung, und zwar zeigt die einzige Figur : schematisch die Anordnung eines erfindungsgemäßen Verbundkörpers, wobei als Füllungselement auf der einen Seite (links) ein Glasscheibensystem in Form von Brandschutzglas und auf der anderen Seite eine Brandschutzplatte angedeutet ist.Further details of the invention emerge from the drawing and the description, and this is shown in the single figure: schematically the arrangement of a composite body according to the invention, with a glass pane system in the form of fire protection glass on the one side (left) and a fire protection plate on the other side is indicated.

Das erfindungsgemäße Brandschutzelement besteht im wesentlichen aus der tragenden komplementären Metallkonstruktion 1, bestehend aus dem tragenden Metallprofil 8, 18, der Deckleiste 5 und der Umkleidung 10, wobei entsprechende Isolierungselemente und Dichtleisten zwischengeschaltet sein können.The fire protection element according to the invention essentially consists of the load-bearing complementary metal structure 1, consisting of the load-bearing metal profile 8, 18, the cover strip 5 and the casing 10, it being possible for intermediate insulation elements and sealing strips to be interposed.

Als Füllungselemente finden im gezeigten Beispiel (nicht zwingend) das Glasscheibenelement 3, bestehend aus Brandschutzglas bekannter Art, Verwendung. Auf der Gegenseite sind Brandschutzplatten 2 vorgesehen ; hier können beispielsweise auch Paneele, Glasasbest, Glaswolle, Fenster usw. Verwendung finden, angedeutet durch den Bezugshinweis 2a.In the example shown, the glass pane element 3, consisting of fire protection glass of a known type, is used as filling elements (not mandatory). Fire protection panels 2 are provided on the opposite side; Here, for example, panels, glass asbestos, glass wool, windows etc. can also be used, indicated by reference note 2a.

Der erfindungsgemäße Verbundkörper 4 besteht im gezeigten Beispiel aus einem Aluminiumkern 8, 18, wobei der Kernteil 18 als Hohlprofil ausgebildet ist ; hier könnte auch Vollmaterial Verwendung finden. Im Abstand umgeben ist der Kernteil 18 von einer Umkleidung 10, die ebenfalls aus Aluminium besteht. Diese Umkleidung ist vorzugsweise sehr dünnwandig zu wählen und weist Halterungselemente - hier Schwalbenschwänze 24 - auf, damit der eingebrachte Dämmstoff 9 einen Halt findet ; solche Halterungselemente sind zweckmäßig auch am Kernteil 18 vorgesehen. Der Dämmstoff kann in flüssiger, teigiger oder fester Form eingebracht werden und bildet dann eine Schutzchicht für den Kernteil 18. Zugeordnet sein können auch Armierungen 11, beispielsweise Armierungsstäbe, Platten aus Aluminium, Folien aus Kunststoff und dgl., wobei letztere zweckmäßig metallarmiert sind (Maschengitter und dgl.).In the example shown, the composite body 4 according to the invention consists of an aluminum core 8, 18, the core part 18 being designed as a hollow profile; solid material could also be used here. The core part 18 is surrounded at a distance by a casing 10, which is also made of aluminum. This cladding should preferably be chosen to be very thin-walled and has mounting elements — here dovetails 24 — so that the insulation material 9 that is introduced finds a hold; such mounting elements are also advantageously provided on the core part 18. The insulating material can be introduced in liquid, doughy or solid form and then forms a protective layer for the core part 18. Reinforcements 11, for example reinforcing bars, plates made of aluminum, foils made of plastic and the like, can also be assigned, the latter advantageously being metal-reinforced (mesh grids and the like).

Wenn der Verbundkörper 4 so ausgebildet ist, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, ist von der Außenseite in Richtung zum Aluminiumkern - Kernteil 8 - eine metallische Verbindung gegeben, und zwar über die Verbindungsstellen 12. An sich sind diese schon als Zonen minderer Wärmeleitfähigkeit ausgebildet, weil sie sehr dünnwandig dargestellt sind und im gezeigten Beispiel zwei Einschnitte 25 aufweisen. Solche Einschnitte 25 sind vorgesehen, um nach dem Erstarren des Dämmstoffes 9 die Verbindungsstellen 12 heraustrennen zu können. Dann fehlt jede metallische Verbindung von der Umkleidung 10 in Richtung zum Kernteil 8.If the composite body 4 is designed as shown in FIG. 1, there is a metallic connection from the outside in the direction of the aluminum core - core part 8 - via the connection points 12. In themselves, these are already designed as zones of lower thermal conductivity, because they are shown with very thin walls and have two incisions 25 in the example shown. Such incisions 25 are provided in order to be able to separate the connection points 12 after the insulation 9 has solidified. Then any metallic connection from the casing 10 towards the core part 8 is missing.

Bei Minimierung der Verbindungsstellen 12 auf z. B. Folienstärke kann in bestimmten Fällen auf eine Entfernung der Verbindungsstellen verzichtet werden. An diesen Stellen könnte man auch eine Folie oder Folienstreifen 26 vorsehen, der das Dämmaterial 9 zunächst - solange es z. B. teigig ist - noch hält und bei Erhitzung durch Brand die Wärme nicht von außen nach innen überträgt.By minimizing the junctions 12 to z. B. Film thickness can be dispensed with in certain cases without removing the connection points. At these points, one could also provide a film or film strip 26, the insulating material 9 initially - as long as it z. B. is dough - still holds and does not transfer heat from the outside to the inside when heated by fire.

Die komplementäre Metallkonstruktion 1 besteht im Prinzip aus dem Berbundkörper 4, der mit der Deckleiste 5 verbunden ist. Als Verbindungsmittel mit möglichst geringem wärmeleitenden Querschnitt können beispielsweise Schrauben 6 oder andere bekannte Mittel Verwendung finden.The complementary metal construction 1 consists in principle of the Berbund body 4, which is connected to the cover strip 5. For example, screws 6 or other known means can be used as the connecting means with the smallest possible heat-conducting cross-section.

Zwischen dem Verbundkörper 4 und der Deckleiste 5 sind Sicherungsplatten 7 angeordnet, die die Füllungselemente - Brandschutzplatte 2/Brandschutzscheibensystem 3 - im Brandfall gegen ein Ab-oder Herausfallen sichern.Between the composite body 4 and the cover strip 5, securing plates 7 are arranged which secure the filling elements - fire protection plate 2 / fire protection pane system 3 - against falling off or falling out in the event of a fire.

Die hier gewählte viereckige Form der Umhüllung ist nicht zwingend. Jede andere beliebige, geeignete Querschnittsform entsprechend einer geometrischen Figur ist denkbar.The square shape of the wrapping chosen here is not mandatory. Any other suitable cross-sectional shape corresponding to a geometric figure is conceivable.

Im Kernteil 8 können erfindungsgemäße Ausnehmungen 13 vorgesehen sein, die zur Aufnahme von vorgefertigten elastischen oder teilelastischen Dichtungsleisten 14 dienen.In the core part 8, recesses 13 according to the invention can be provided, which are used to receive prefabricated elastic or partially elastic sealing strips 14.

Wenn der tragende Körper 8, 18 und die Umkleidung 10 nicht einstückig erstellt sind (wie dargestellt). sind diese Teile mit bekannten Mitteln zu verbinden, wobei hier wiederum darauf zu achten ist, daß die geringstmögliche Wärmeleitung erreicht wird.If the supporting body 8, 18 and the casing 10 are not made in one piece (as shown). these parts are to be connected with known means, whereby here again it must be ensured that the lowest possible heat conduction is achieved.

Als Dämmstoffmaterial 9 kann beispielsweise offenporige Glaskeramik Verwendung finden bzw. ein zellförmiges Material mit Silikat-, Aluminat- oder Phosphat-Einschlüssen.For example, open-pore glass ceramic or a cellular material with silicate, aluminate or phosphate inclusions can be used as the insulation material 9.

Die Deckleiste sollte zweckmäßig auch aus Aluminium hergestellt sein. Sie weist ebenfalls Ausnehmungen 13 auf, in die die 'Dichtleiste 14 eingefügt wird.The cover strip should also be made of aluminum. It also has recesses 13 into which the sealing strip 14 is inserted.

Die Schraube 16 hält die Sicherungsplatte 7, die auch aus mehreren Lagen bestehen kann, mit dem Aluminiumkern 8, 18 zusammen. Damit werden auch gleichzeitig die Füllungselemente 2, 3 in ihrer Lage fixiert, auch dann, wenn die Deckleiste 5 im Brandfalle wegschmelzen sollte.The screw 16 holds the securing plate 7, which can also consist of several layers, with the aluminum core 8, 18. This means that the filling elements 2, 3 are also fixed in their position at the same time, even if the cover strip 5 should melt away in the event of a fire.

Ein weiterer erfindungsgemäßer Vorschlag ist noch aus Fig. 1 zu entnehmen (s. rechte Seite). Die dichtende Isolierleiste 14 besteht hier aus mindestens zwei Materialien, wobei der nach außen weisende Teil ein elastisches Teil 17 ist, z. B. bestehend aus weichem Kunststoff, Kautschuk usw. Von einer bestimmten Grenzschicht 27 (Trennlinie) an wird das Material zumindest unelastischer, weil hier Mittel eingelagert sind wie Metallpulver, insbesondere Aluminiumpulver, oder andere bekannte Stoffe. Mit dieser erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahme ist es erstmals möglich, eine Dichtungsleiste so zu gestalten, daß sie zwei Funktionen erfüllt, nämlich einmal elastisch ist und zum anderen zumindest den Flammendurchschlag verhindert. Dabei kann die Aufgliederung auch anders erfolgen als hier dargestellt ist. Gegebenenfalls könnte noch eine schicht des Materials gemäß des Abschnittes 15 dort elastisch verbleiben, wo es an der Sicherungsplatte 7 anliegt.Another proposal according to the invention can also be seen in FIG. 1 (see right side). The sealing insulating strip 14 here consists of at least two materials, the outwardly facing part being an elastic part 17, e.g. B. consisting of soft plastic, rubber, etc. From a certain boundary layer 27 (dividing line), the material becomes at least inelastic because agents such as metal powder, in particular aluminum powder, or other known substances are stored here. With this measure according to the invention, it is possible for the first time to design a sealing strip in such a way that it fulfills two functions, namely that it is elastic and that at least prevents flame penetration. The breakdown can also be done differently than shown here. If necessary, a layer of the material according to section 15 could still remain elastic where it rests on the securing plate 7.

Ein weiterer entscheidender Erfindungsgedanke ist dadurch gegeben, daß in der Isolierverglasung = Glasscheibensystem 3 Überdruckventile 23 eingebracht sind. Bei entsprechender Wärmeentwicklung dehnt sich das Gas/die Luft zwischen den Glasscheiben aus. Durch die Ausdehnung verbiegen sich die Scheiben und springen und erfüllen dann nicht mephr die Anforderungen. Um dies zu verhindern, soll erfindungsgemäß in jeden Gas-/Luftzwischenraum ein Überdruckventil eingebaut werden, so daß der Überdruck bei Hitzeentwicklung nach außen entweichen kann.Another crucial inventive idea is given in that 3 pressure relief valves 23 are introduced in the insulating glazing = glass pane system. If the heat develops, the gas / air expands between the glass panes. Due to the expansion, the panes bend and jump and then no longer meet the requirements. In order to prevent this, according to the invention an overpressure valve should be installed in each gas / air gap, so that the overpressure can escape to the outside when heat develops.

(Siehe Tabelle Seite 5 f.)(See table on page 5 f.)

Figure imgb0001
Figure imgb0001

Stücklisteparts list (Bestandteil der Anmeldung)(Part of the registration)

  • 1 = Metallkonstruktion1 = metal construction
  • 2 = Brandschutzplatten2 = fire protection panels
  • 2a = Paneele, Glasasbest, Glaswolle, Fenster usw.2a = panels, glass asbestos, glass wool, windows etc.
  • 3 = Brandschutzglas, Glasscheibensystem, Isolierverglasung3 = fire protection glass, glass pane system, double glazing
  • 4 = Verbundkörper4 = composite body
  • 5 = Deckleiste5 = cover strip
  • 6 = Schraube6 = screw
  • 7 = Sicherungsplatte (gegebenenfalls aus mehreren Platten gebildet)7 = securing plate (possibly made of several plates)
  • 8 = Metallkern, insbesondere Aluminiumkern8 = metal core, especially aluminum core
  • 9 = Dämmstoff, Dämmstoffumhüllung9 = insulation material, insulation material covering
  • 10 = Umhüllung (metallische oder nichtmetallische Umhüllung), Umkleidung, Aluminiumumkleidung, isolierende Umhüllung10 = cladding (metallic or non-metallic cladding), cladding, aluminum cladding, insulating cladding
  • 11 = Armierungen, Einschüsse11 = reinforcements, bullets
  • 12 = Verbindungsstelle, Zone minderer Wärmeleitfähigkeit12 = junction, zone of lower thermal conductivity
  • 13 = Ausnehmung13 = recess
  • 14 = dichtende Isolierleiste, Dichtleiste14 = sealing insulating strip, sealing strip
  • 15 = nicht oder gering elastisches Teil der Isolierleiste 14 (metallische Einlagerungen in z. B. kautschuk, Kunststoff usw.)15 = not or slightly elastic part of the insulating strip 14 (metallic inclusions in e.g. rubber, plastic, etc.)
  • 16 = Schraube16 = screw
  • 17 = elastischer Teil der Isolierleiste 1417 = elastic part of the insulating strip 14
  • 18 = tragender Körper, Aluminiumkern, Kern aus Stahl bzw. kunststoffummantelter Stahl18 = load-bearing body, aluminum core, steel core or plastic-coated steel
  • 23 = Überdruckventil23 = pressure relief valve
  • 24 = Halterungselemente24 = mounting elements
  • 25 = Einschnitte25 = incisions
  • 26 = Folie, Folienstreifen26 = foil, foil strip
  • 27 = Grenzschicht27 = boundary layer

Claims (25)

1. Fire protection element, consisting of a load-bearing metal section (8, 18) for a fire protection filling element (2, 2a, 3), which can be restrained in the fire protection element, in particular a fire protection glazing or plate, and of a thermal insulation (9) surrounding the metal section (8. 18) up to the restraining region of the filling element (2, 2a, 3) and of a covering (10) of metal enclosing the thermal insulation (9), characterised in that the load-bearing metal section (8, 18), the thermal insulation (9) and the covering (10) form by interconnection a composite unit (4), the metal section (8, 18) and the covering (10) consisting of aluminium and being separated from each other such that a thermal transition between them is prevented, and in that an outer cover strip (5) is connected to the load-bearing metal section (8, 18) via means of fastening (6) for restraining the filling element (2, 2a, 3) between the cover strip and the load-bearing metal section.
2. Fire protection element according to Claim 1, characterised in that between the cover strip (5) and the filling element (2, 2a, 3) to be restrained is secured at least one locking plate (7) in contact with the filling element.
3. Fire protection element according to Claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the load-bearing metal section (8, 18) is a solid or hollow section.
4. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the covering (10) has round, oval or polygonal cross-sectional shapes.
5. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the covering (10) is in contact on one, preferably open, side with at least one part, fire protection glass (3) and/or fire protection plates (2) or glazing system (3), with an insulating material, e. g. sealing strips, interposed.
6. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 5, characterised in that a non-metallic, fire-retarding, thermally low-conductive connection exists between the load-bearing metal section (8, 18) and the covering (10).
7. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the thermal insulation (9) consists of open-pored glass ceramic or a composite which contains, as essential property-determining constituent, cellular silicate, aluminate or phosphate inclusions, e. g. as hollow spheres (ceramic hollow spheres) with a binder which meets fire protection requirements (in accordance with DIN 4102 and/or DIN 4108).
8. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that the thermal insulation (9) consists of fibrous aluminium silicates, aluminates or aluminium phosphates with or without binder.
9. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the thermal insulation (9) is introduced into the covering (10) in solid form, e. g. in plate form, as sections or the like.
10. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the load-bearing metal section (8, 18) and the covering (10) are joined to each other by the thermal insulation (9).
11. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 10, characterised in that metallic or non-metallic materials are incorporated in the thermal insulation (9) as reinforcement (11) to increase the static strength.
12. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 11, characterised in that the composite unit (4) and the cover strip (5) have recesses (13) of corresponding cross-sectional shape for receiving purposebuilt sealing strips (14) for sealing off against filling elements to be received.
13. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the locking plates (7) between the cover strip (5) and the filling element (2, 2a, 3) are secured on the composite unit (4) by means of screws (16).
14. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 13, characterised in that the locking plates (7) are designed to be single-layered or multilayered.
15. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 14, characterised in that the locking plates (7) consist substantially of a known material meeting the regulations for fire loading (DIN 4102).
16. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 15, characterised in that the sealing strip (14) consists of preformed, flexible, purpose-shaped materials corresponding to the recesses (13) and meeting fire protection regulations (DLN 4102).
17. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the sealing strip (14) consists wholly or partially of noncombustible or hardly flammable flexible or plastic materials with thermal insulating properties.
18. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 16, characterised in that the sealing strip (14) consists of a combination of flexible, hardly flammable material and an inflexible or slightly flexible, noncombustible material.
19. Fire protection element according to Claim 18, characterised in that the non-flexible or slightly flexible part (15) of the sealing strip (14) consists of metallic material or metallic inclusions (metal powder, aluminium powder etc.) in flexible or partially flexible material.
20. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 19, characterised in that the covering (10) has a wall thickness of less than 1 mm.
21. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 20, characterised in that the covering (10) consists of aluminium section, aluminium sheet or alminium foil (of, for example, 0.1 to 1 mm) and is provided on at least one side with a thermally reflective material layer (e. g. gold, silver, etc.).
22. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 21, characterised in that the load-bearing metal section (8, 18) is connected to the covering (10) in such a way that connecting points (12) are produced which can be separated out after introducing the thermal insulation (9).
23. Fire protection element according to Claim 22, characterised in that incisions (25) or material weakenings are provided, preferably on the covering (10), in the region of the connecting points (12) which can be separated out.
24. Fire protection element according to one or more of Claims 1 to 23, characterised by recesses (13) in the load-bearing metal section (8, 18) and in the cover strip (5).
25. Fire protection element according to Claim 24, characterised in that the recesses (13) have dovetail shape, U shape, U shape with inwardly drawn sides or the like.
EP83100642A 1982-02-03 1983-01-25 Fire protection element Expired EP0086976B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT83100642T ATE19665T1 (en) 1982-02-03 1983-01-25 FIRE PROTECTION ELEMENT.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3203625A DE3203625A1 (en) 1982-02-03 1982-02-03 COMPONENT LIKE BUILDING FACADES AND THE LIKE
DE3203625 1982-02-03

Publications (2)

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EP0086976A1 EP0086976A1 (en) 1983-08-31
EP0086976B1 true EP0086976B1 (en) 1986-05-07

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US (1) US4557089A (en)
EP (1) EP0086976B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58146647A (en)
AT (1) ATE19665T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3203625A1 (en)

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Also Published As

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EP0086976A1 (en) 1983-08-31
JPS58146647A (en) 1983-09-01
ATE19665T1 (en) 1986-05-15
US4557089A (en) 1985-12-10
DE3203625A1 (en) 1983-08-11
DE3363317D1 (en) 1986-06-12

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