EP0083611A1 - High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys. - Google Patents

High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys.

Info

Publication number
EP0083611A1
EP0083611A1 EP82902070A EP82902070A EP0083611A1 EP 0083611 A1 EP0083611 A1 EP 0083611A1 EP 82902070 A EP82902070 A EP 82902070A EP 82902070 A EP82902070 A EP 82902070A EP 0083611 A1 EP0083611 A1 EP 0083611A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cooling device
inductor
extension
riser
vertical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP82902070A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0083611B1 (en
Inventor
Yves Cans
Richard Gonda
Marc Tavernier
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Rio Tinto France SAS
Original Assignee
Aluminium Pechiney SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Aluminium Pechiney SA filed Critical Aluminium Pechiney SA
Publication of EP0083611A1 publication Critical patent/EP0083611A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0083611B1 publication Critical patent/EP0083611B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
    • B22D11/01—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces
    • B22D11/015—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces using magnetic field for conformation, i.e. the metal is not in contact with a mould

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a process for the continuous vertical casting at high speed of aluminum and its alloys, in particular in the form of billets and plates, of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm.
  • Another way of reducing the appearance of defects on the surface of the cast products is to carry out the molding without any contact with an ingot mold. This is achieved by passing the liquid metal through the center of an inductor which creates an electromagnetic field and thus generates forces which help to give the liquid a defined shape. This shape is then maintained by solidifying the metal by direct watering by means of a heat transfer fluid.
  • the plaintiff aiming to get to pour billets or plates whose smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm at a speed greater than 500 mm / minute, has sought and developed a process which makes it possible to overcome the difficulties that have just been reported.
  • This continuous vertical casting process combines the use of a riser for feeding liquid metal, an electromagnetic inductor and a direct cooling device for shaping the product to be manufactured. It is characterized in that the position of the riser is adjusted by a vertical movement relative to the inductor which creates the field so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and during casting. the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery of the cast product.
  • the applicant uses a conventional riser with a cross-section similar to that of the cast product, open at its two ends and in which the liquid metal is brought to a certain height by means of an appropriate feeding system.
  • an annular cooling device which sprinkles the cast product over its entire periphery at a distance from the base plane of the riser such that solidification begins. below this plane, and that there remains over the entire section of the poured product an area of unconfined liquid.
  • solidification begins at the periphery do. product along a line contained in a plane generally perpendicular to the axis of the flow if the cooling device is suitably placed and it propagates in an approximately symmetrical and progressive way towards the inside and the bottom of the product until that the contact between the liquid and solid phases is reduced, at a greater or lesser distance from the extension, to a point or to a straight portion depending on the section of the cast product.
  • the boundary between the phases is called the solidification front.
  • the Applicant has solved this problem by regulating the position of the riser by a vertical movement relative to the inductor so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery. of the poured product.
  • Such an adjustment makes it possible, in fact, when the front tends to move away from the riser, to maintain the zone of unconfined liquid at a height compatible with a regular geometry of the product. This height is kept below 15 mm and preferably 10 mm without ever being zero, in which case solidification would then take place inside the riser and would lead to the appearance of a poor surface condition.
  • the position of the riser being thus linked to that of the forehead, it is first necessary to locate the latter. This can be done with any means known to those skilled in the art such as, for example, probes, or by using mathematical relationships which give the position of the front relative to the point of impact of the water in depending on the casting speed. Then, we adjust the position of the extension by dicing placing vertically using any system which can be controlled by means of locating the position of the forehead.
  • the Applicant has also found that the displacement of the extension can be combined with a movement of the cooling device.
  • the solidification front is established at a constant distance above the impact zone; we can therefore adjust the position of the forehead by adjusting the displacement of the cooling device.
  • the front is going down; if the acceleration is low, it remains close to the equilibrium conditions and the solidification front can be maintained by leaving the cooling device stationary; on the other hand, if the acceleration is large, the system is unbalanced and it is forced to move the cooling device down to avoid watering the liquid area.
  • the upper limit of the area sprayed by the fluid of the device is located at a distance from the front of between 1 and 6 mm.
  • the device can be gradually raised to bring the forehead up to a position close to the middle of the inductor which is the most favorable for casting.
  • the riser having been lowered, as we saw above, to maintain the area of unconfined liquid at a constant height, we can now raise it a year following the movement of the front upwards. We thus gradually find the initial positions of the riser and the cooling device and we can again proceed to a new acceleration.
  • the combination of the two movements allows a greater increase in speed.
  • the movement of the device can also be obtained here by any suitable means.
  • the distance settings indicated above are fairly precise and therefore require well-defined impact zones. This is achieved by means of a device delivering peripheral water blades, of thickness less than a millimeter, making a small angle with the vertical and between 10 and 30 °. It is also necessary to propel the fluid at a high speed so as to avoid the phenomena of caulking; in general, sufficient pressure is applied to have at least 1 m / sec.
  • This stage can include any device for distributing slides and droplets.
  • the requirements on impact accuracy are lower. It is possible, for example, to use blades 2 mm thick directed downwards at an angle greater than 45 ° and propagating at a speed greater than 3 m / sec.
  • the level of liquid in the riser can vary so as to have a height of between 20 and 80 mm above the solidification front, at the periphery of the product.
  • the mobile extension (1) having an upper part enlarged so as to facilitate the mounting of the float-float supply system (2) and a lower part with a section close to that of the cast product
  • the inductor (3) generator of the electromagnetic field which acts on the zone of the liquid metal (4) located below the extension
  • the nozzle-float system maintains the level of liquid metal (10) at a suitable height while the movement of the riser and of the cooling device is controlled, so as to sprinkle the product poured immediately below the front, and to raise the latter regardless of the casting speed at the level of the middle of the inductor and to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and said front.
  • EXAMPLE 1 By means of an installation comprising an extension with an internal diameter of 120 mm, with a height of 80 mm, a cooling device delivering 3 m3 / hour of water in the form of a blade of thickness 0.8 mm inclined at 30 degrees from the vertical, traveling at a speed of 2.5 m / sec.
  • a cooling system delivering 4 m3 / hour of water in the form of a 0.7 mm thick blade inclined at 15 degrees from the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.5 m / sec, an inductor supplied at a voltage of 18 V with an intensity of 6,300 A having a frequency of 2,000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 15 m3 / hour of water in the form of two blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 3.2 m / sec, a plate of 100 x 200 mm was poured an aluminum alloy 1050 at the speed of 960 mm / minute maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 8 mm and between the upper limit of the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 2 to 3 mm.
  • the present invention makes it possible to continuously cast aluminum and its alloys at speeds greater than 500 mm / minute, in the form of billets or plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm and which have a surface requiring no scalping treatment.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Alloys Or Alloy Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Procédé de coulée verticale en continu à des vitesses voisines du mètre par minute. Ce procédé est caractérisé en ce que l'on combine l'utilisation d'une rehausse (1) et d'un champ électromagnétique et que, par réglage en hauteur de la position de la rehausse et du système de refroidissement (5) par rapport au dispositif (3) générateur du champ, on maintient constantes, au cours de la coulée, les distances entre certains paramètres comme le front de solidification et le plan de base de la rehausse.Continuous vertical casting process at speeds close to one meter per minute. This method is characterized in that one combines the use of an extension (1) and an electromagnetic field and that, by adjusting the height of the position of the extension and of the cooling system (5) with respect to at the device (3) generating the field, the distances between certain parameters such as the solidification front and the base plane of the extension are kept constant during casting.

Description

PROCEDE DE COULEE CONTINUE VERTICALE A GRANDE VITESSE DE L'ALUMINIUM ET DE SES ALLIAGES La présente invention est relative à un procédé de coulée continue ver ticale à grande vitesse de l'aluminium et de ses alliages, notamment sous forme de billettes et de plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm. The present invention relates to a process for the continuous vertical casting at high speed of aluminum and its alloys, in particular in the form of billets and plates, of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm.
L'homme de l'art connaît depuis longtemps le procédé de coulée verti cale dans lequel un métal à l'état liquide est moulé en continu par passage de haut en bas dans une lingotiêre sans fond, refroidie, pour former des billettes ou des plaques de longueur plus ou moins grande.Those skilled in the art have long known the vertical casting process in which a metal in the liquid state is continuously molded by passing from top to bottom in a bottomless ingot mold, cooled, to form billets or plates of greater or lesser length.
Au cours des décennies, cette technique a été perfectionnée en vue d'en améliorer les performances â la fois sous l'angle capacité de production et qualité.Over the decades, this technique has been perfected with a view to improving its performance both in terms of production capacity and quality.
Dans la recherche d'obtention de vitesses de coulée plus grandes, on s'est heurté à des problèmes de défauts de surface physiques: peau irrégulière, et chimiques : ségrégations inverses qu'on a résolu d'abord de façon peu satisfaisante en soumettant les produits coulés à des opérations intermédiaires de scalpage. Puis, différents aménagements concernant les matériaux des lingotières et leur lubrification, les dispositifs de refroidissement, le programme de coulée, ont permis de réduire et même de supprimer, dans certains cas, le scalpage.In the search for obtaining higher casting speeds, we encountered problems of physical surface defects: irregular skin, and chemical: reverse segregations which were initially resolved in an unsatisfactory manner by subjecting the products cast in intermediate scalping operations. Then, various adjustments concerning the materials of the molds and their lubrication, the cooling devices, the casting program, made it possible to reduce and even eliminate, in certain cases, scalping.
Plus récemment, et en vue, notamment d'obtenir des produits directement utilisables à la transformation, on a eu recours à des dispositifs particuliers de mise en forme tels que, par exemple, le HOTTOP dans lequel la lingotiêre est surmontée d'une rehausse, sorte de réservoir de métal liquide de section voisine de celle du produit coulé et de hauteur variable constituée par un matériau réfractaira et isolant.More recently, and with a view, in particular to obtaining products which can be directly used for processing, special shaping devices have been used such as, for example, the HOTTOP in which the mold is surmounted by an extension, sort of liquid metal reservoir with a cross-section close to that of the cast product and of variable height constituted by a refractory and insulating material.
Un tel dispositif conduit à l'obtention de produits ayant un état de surface amélioré; toutefois, suivant le type d'alliage coulé, on cons tate qu'il y a une vitesse optimum à ne pas dépasser, sinon il se produit un arrachement de la peau. Certes, en associant ces rehausses à des lingotières de faible hauteur, on parvient à limiter ce défaut, mais un tel couplage n'est pas applicable à des plaques d'épaisseur voisine de 150 mm, car, en raison de leur déformation au no ment du démarrage, elles peuvent endommager la rehausse notamment lorsque celle-ci a un diamètre inférieur à celui de la lingotiêre.Such a device leads to obtaining products having an improved surface condition; however, depending on the type of alloy cast, it can be seen that there is an optimum speed not to be exceeded, otherwise it will produces a tearing of the skin. Admittedly, by associating these extensions with ingot molds of low height, one succeeds in limiting this defect, but such a coupling is not applicable to plates of thickness close to 150 mm, because, because of their deformation in the ment from start-up, they can damage the riser, especially when it has a diameter smaller than that of the mold.
Dans ces conditions, il apparaît que, si on veut couler des billettes de 0 100 mm, de bonne qualité, même avec une lingotiêre de 1,5 cm de hauteur, on peut au mieux atteindre avec l'alliage le plus convenable une vitesse de 300 mm/mn, ce que confirme d'ailleurs le brevet français nº 2 249 728.Under these conditions, it appears that, if one wishes to pour billets of 0 100 mm, of good quality, even with an ingot mold of 1.5 cm in height, one can at best achieve with the most suitable alloy a speed of 300 mm / min, which is confirmed by French patent n ° 2 249 728.
Une autre façon de réduire l'apparition de défauts à la surface des produits coulés consiste à effectuer le moulage en dehors de tout contact avec une lingotiêre. On y parvient en faisant passer le métal liquide au centre d'un inducteur qui crée un champ électromagnétique et engendre ainsi des forces qui contribuent à donner au liquide une forme définie. Cette forme est alors maintenue en solidifiant le métal par arrosage direct au moyen d'un fluide caloporteur.Another way of reducing the appearance of defects on the surface of the cast products is to carry out the molding without any contact with an ingot mold. This is achieved by passing the liquid metal through the center of an inductor which creates an electromagnetic field and thus generates forces which help to give the liquid a defined shape. This shape is then maintained by solidifying the metal by direct watering by means of a heat transfer fluid.
Un tel procédé a, sans conteste, permis d'améliorer notablement l'état de surface des produits coulés et de réduire fortement l'apparition des ségrégations inverses, toutefois, il présente certains inconvenients. C'est ainsi que son application nécessite le maintien d'une hauteur constante de métal liquide au-dessus de l'interface avec le métal solidifié. Pour y parvenir, on met en oeuvre un ensemble busette-flotteur plus ou moins encombrant et dont la mise en place devient particulièrement gênante lorsqu'on a pour objectif de couler des pièces dont l'une des dimensions ne dépasse pas 150 mm. De plus, si l'on veut augmenter la vitesse de coulée au-delà de certaines valeurs, on provoque des turbulences au niveau de cet ensemble qui se traduisent par des déformations du ménisque du métal et l'apparition d'ondulations à la surface du produit coulé. En outre, ces déformations peuvent amener le niveau du métal en fusion sur la trajectoire du fluide caloporteur ou conduire à la formation d'une peau qui sera encore mince au moment où elle échappera à l'action du champ et, de ce fait, se déchirera sous l'effet de la pression mé tallostatique, ou encore provoquer la refusion de cette peau, autant de conséquences qui auront pour effet d'accroître les défauts de surface sans parler des dangers encourus par le personnel à cause des risques d'explosion.Such a process has undoubtedly made it possible to improve the surface condition of the cast products considerably and to greatly reduce the occurrence of reverse segregation, however, it has certain drawbacks. Thus, its application requires maintaining a constant height of liquid metal above the interface with the solidified metal. To achieve this, a more or less bulky nozzle-float assembly is implemented and the positioning of which becomes particularly troublesome when the objective is to pour parts of which one of the dimensions does not exceed 150 mm. In addition, if we want to increase the casting speed beyond certain values, we cause turbulence in this assembly which results in deformations of the meniscus of the metal and the appearance of ripples on the surface of the cast product. In addition, these deformations can bring the level of the molten metal onto the trajectory of the heat transfer fluid or lead to the formation of a skin which will be still thin when it escapes the action of the field and, therefore, becomes will tear under the pressure mé tallostatic, or provoke the reflow of this skin, as many consequences which will have the effect of increasing the surface defects without speaking about the dangers run by the personnel because of the risks of explosion.
Ces difficultés font que, dans le cas de billettes de diamètre 150 mm, on parvient difficilement à des vitesses de coulée supérieures à 300 mm/minute.These difficulties mean that, in the case of 150 mm diameter billets, it is difficult to achieve casting speeds greater than 300 mm / minute.
La demanderesse, ayant pour but d'arriver à couler des billettes ou des plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm à une vitesse supérieure à 500 mm/minute, a cherché et mis au point un procédé qui permet de surmonter les difficultés qui viennent d'être signalées.The plaintiff, aiming to get to pour billets or plates whose smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm at a speed greater than 500 mm / minute, has sought and developed a process which makes it possible to overcome the difficulties that have just been reported.
Ce procédé de coulée verticale en continu combine l'utilisation d'une rehausse pour l'alimentation en métal liquide, d'un inducteur é lectromagnétique et d'un dispositif de refroidissement direct pour la mise en forme du produit à fabriquer. Il est caractérisé en ce que l'on règle la position de la rehausse par un mouvement vertical par rapport à l'inducteur qui crée le champ de manière à maintenir au cours de la coulée une distance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification à la périphérie du produit coulée.This continuous vertical casting process combines the use of a riser for feeding liquid metal, an electromagnetic inductor and a direct cooling device for shaping the product to be manufactured. It is characterized in that the position of the riser is adjusted by a vertical movement relative to the inductor which creates the field so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and during casting. the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery of the cast product.
Ainsi, la demanderesse utilise une rehausse classique de section voisine de celle du produit coulé, ouverte a ses deux extrémités et dans laquelle le métal liquide est amené jusqu'à une certaine hauteur au moyen d'un système d'alimentation approprié. A l'extérieur de cette rehausse, et disposé à peu près à son niveau, se trouve un dispositif annulaire de refroidissement qui arrose le produit coulé sur toute sa périphérie à une distance du plan de base de la rehausse telle que la solidification s'amorce en-dessous de ce plan, et qu'il subsiste sur toute la section du produit coulé une zone de liquide non confinée.Thus, the applicant uses a conventional riser with a cross-section similar to that of the cast product, open at its two ends and in which the liquid metal is brought to a certain height by means of an appropriate feeding system. On the outside of this riser, and disposed at approximately its level, there is an annular cooling device which sprinkles the cast product over its entire periphery at a distance from the base plane of the riser such that solidification begins. below this plane, and that there remains over the entire section of the poured product an area of unconfined liquid.
C'est sur cette zone que s'exerce l'action du champ créé par l'inducteur et qui a pour effet de contrebalancer la pression métallostatique du liquide contenu dans la rehausse et d'imposer au liquide non confiné un profil déterminé.It is on this zone that the action of the field created by the inductor is exerted and which has the effect of counterbalancing the metallostatic pressure of the liquid contained in the enhancer and to impose on the non-confined liquid a determined profile.
En fonctionnement, la solidification s'amorce à la périphérie do. pro duit suivant une ligne contenue dans un plan généralement perpendiculaire à l'axe de la coulée si le dispositif de refroidissement est convenablement placé et elle se propage de manière à peu près symétrique et progressive vers l'intérieur et le bas du produit jusqu'à ce que le contact entre les phases liquide et solide se réduisent, à une distance plus ou moins grande de la rehausse, à un point ou à une portion de droite suivant la section du produit coulé. La limite entre les phases est appelée front de solidification.In operation, solidification begins at the periphery do. product along a line contained in a plane generally perpendicular to the axis of the flow if the cooling device is suitably placed and it propagates in an approximately symmetrical and progressive way towards the inside and the bottom of the product until that the contact between the liquid and solid phases is reduced, at a greater or lesser distance from the extension, to a point or to a straight portion depending on the section of the cast product. The boundary between the phases is called the solidification front.
Un tel système ne permet pas d'atteindre les vitesses de coulée souhaitées car le front de solidification n'est pas stable et se déplace d'autant plus vers le bas que la vitesse est grande. Il en résulte un allongement de la zone de liquide non confiné tel que l'action du champ s'avère insuffisante, ce qui conduit à la formation avant solidification d'un profil anormal ou même à des coulures de métal.Such a system does not make it possible to achieve the desired casting speeds because the solidification front is not stable and moves all the more downward the higher the speed. This results in an elongation of the zone of non-confined liquid such that the action of the field proves to be insufficient, which leads to the formation before solidification of an abnormal profile or even to metal sagging.
La demanderesse a résolu ce problème en réglant la position de la rehausse par un mouvement vertical par rapport à l'inducteur de manière à maintenir une distance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification à la périphérie du produit coulé. Un tel réglage permet, en effet, lorsque le front a tendance à s'éloigner de la rehausse, de maintenir la zone de liquide non confiné à une hauteur compatible avec une géométrie régulière du produit. Cette hauteur est maintenue inférieure à 15 mm et, de préférence, à 10 mm sans être jamais nulle, auquel cas la solidification s'effectuerait alors à l'intérieur de la rehausse et conduirait à l'apparition d'un mauvais état de surface.The Applicant has solved this problem by regulating the position of the riser by a vertical movement relative to the inductor so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery. of the poured product. Such an adjustment makes it possible, in fact, when the front tends to move away from the riser, to maintain the zone of unconfined liquid at a height compatible with a regular geometry of the product. This height is kept below 15 mm and preferably 10 mm without ever being zero, in which case solidification would then take place inside the riser and would lead to the appearance of a poor surface condition.
La position de la rehausse étant ainsi liée à celle du front, il faut d'abord repérer cette dernière. On peut faire ce repérage avec tout moyen connu de l'homme de l'art comme, par exemple, des sondes, ou en se servant de relations mathématiques qui donnent la position du front par rapport au point d'impact de l'eau en fonction de la vitesse de coulée. Puis, on règle la position de la rehausse en la dé plaçant verticalement à l'aide d'un système quelconque qui peut être asservi au moyen de repérage de la position du front.The position of the riser being thus linked to that of the forehead, it is first necessary to locate the latter. This can be done with any means known to those skilled in the art such as, for example, probes, or by using mathematical relationships which give the position of the front relative to the point of impact of the water in depending on the casting speed. Then, we adjust the position of the extension by dicing placing vertically using any system which can be controlled by means of locating the position of the forehead.
La demanderesse a également trouvé que le déplacement de la rehausse pouvait être combiné avec un mouvement du dispositif de refroidissement.The Applicant has also found that the displacement of the extension can be combined with a movement of the cooling device.
Il faut d'abord savoir que la zone d'impact du fluide caloporteur, particulièrement quand ce dernier est de l'eau, doit être située en dehors de la zone de liquide non confiné, sinon il y a réaction chimique avec l'aluminium et risque d'explosion. Aussi le jet de fluide est-il dirigé vers la partie solide du produit.You must first know that the impact zone of the heat transfer fluid, particularly when it is water, must be located outside the zone of non-confined liquid, otherwise there is a chemical reaction with aluminum and risk of explosion. The jet of fluid is therefore directed towards the solid part of the product.
En régime équilibré, le front de solidification s'établit à une dis tance constante au-dessus de la zone d'impact; on peut donc régler la position du front en jouant sur le déplacement du dispositif de refroidissement.In a balanced regime, the solidification front is established at a constant distance above the impact zone; we can therefore adjust the position of the forehead by adjusting the displacement of the cooling device.
Lorsqu'on augmente la vitesse de coulée, on a vu que le front descendait; si l'accélération est faible, on reste proche des conditions d'équilibre et le front de solidification peut être maintenu en laissant le dispositif de refroidissement immobile; par contre, si l'accé lération est grande, on déséquilibre le système et on est obligé de déplacer vers le bas le dispositif de refroidissement pour éviter d'arroser la zone liquide. De préférence, la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée par le fluide du dispositif est située à une distance du front comprise entre 1 et 6 mm.When we increase the casting speed, we have seen that the front is going down; if the acceleration is low, it remains close to the equilibrium conditions and the solidification front can be maintained by leaving the cooling device stationary; on the other hand, if the acceleration is large, the system is unbalanced and it is forced to move the cooling device down to avoid watering the liquid area. Preferably, the upper limit of the area sprayed by the fluid of the device is located at a distance from the front of between 1 and 6 mm.
Le régime de croisière étant atteint, on peut remonter progressivement le dispositif pour faire remonter le front à une position voisine du milieu de l'inducteur qui est la plus favorable à la coulée. La rehausse ayant été descendue, comme on l'a vu plus haut, pour maintenir la zone de liquide non confiné à une hauteur constante, on peut maintenant la remonter an suivant le déplacement du front vers le haut. On retrouve ainsi progressivement les positions initiales de la rehausse et du dispositif de refroidissement et on peut à nouveau procéder à une nouvelle accélération. Ainsi, la combinaison des deux mouvements permet une augmentation plus grande de la vitesse.The cruising speed having been reached, the device can be gradually raised to bring the forehead up to a position close to the middle of the inductor which is the most favorable for casting. The riser having been lowered, as we saw above, to maintain the area of unconfined liquid at a constant height, we can now raise it a year following the movement of the front upwards. We thus gradually find the initial positions of the riser and the cooling device and we can again proceed to a new acceleration. Thus, the combination of the two movements allows a greater increase in speed.
Le mouvement du dispositif peut ici aussi être obtenu par tout moyen convenable.The movement of the device can also be obtained here by any suitable means.
Les réglages de distance indiqués plus haut sont assez précis et nécessitent donc d'avoir des zones d'impact bien délimitées. Ceci est réalisé au moyen de dispositif délivrant des lames d'eau périphériques, d'épaisseur inférieur au millimètre, faisant un angle faible avec la verticale et compris entre 10 et 30°. Il faut aussi propulser le flui de à une grande vitesse de manière à éviter les phénomènes de calëfac tion; on applique, en général, une pression suffisante pour avoir au moins 1 m/sec.The distance settings indicated above are fairly precise and therefore require well-defined impact zones. This is achieved by means of a device delivering peripheral water blades, of thickness less than a millimeter, making a small angle with the vertical and between 10 and 30 °. It is also necessary to propel the fluid at a high speed so as to avoid the phenomena of caulking; in general, sufficient pressure is applied to have at least 1 m / sec.
Néanmoins, on ne peut débiter en cet endroit une quantité de fluide suffisante pour atteindre une solidification complète. C'est pourquoi, on complète le refroidissement au moyen d'un étage supplémentaire.However, it is not possible to deliver a quantity of fluid there sufficient to achieve complete solidification. This is why the cooling is completed by means of an additional stage.
Cet étage peut comprendre tout dispositif distributeur de lames et de gouttelettes. Toutefois, les exigences sur la précision de l'impact sont moins grandes. On peut, par exemple, utiliser des lames de 2 mm d'épaisseur dirigées vers le bas suivant un angle supérieur à 45° et se propageant à une vitesse supérieure à 3 m/sec.This stage can include any device for distributing slides and droplets. However, the requirements on impact accuracy are lower. It is possible, for example, to use blades 2 mm thick directed downwards at an angle greater than 45 ° and propagating at a speed greater than 3 m / sec.
Au cours de la coulée, le niveau de liquide dans la rehausse peut varier de façon à avoir au-dessus du front de solidification, à la périphérie du produit, une hauteur comprise entre 20 et 80 mm.During casting, the level of liquid in the riser can vary so as to have a height of between 20 and 80 mm above the solidification front, at the periphery of the product.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide du dessin accompagnant la présente demande et qui représente un ensemble de coulée pour mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention.The invention will be better understood using the drawing accompanying this application and which represents a casting assembly for implementing the method according to the invention.
On y voit : - la rehausse (1) mobile, présentant une partie supérieure élargie de manière à faciliter le montage du système d'alimentation bu- sette-flotteur (2) et une partie inférieure de section voisine de celle du produit coulé, - l'inducteur (3), générateur du champ électromagnétique qui agit sur la zone du métal liquide (4) située en-dessous de la rehausseWe can see there: - the mobile extension (1), having an upper part enlarged so as to facilitate the mounting of the float-float supply system (2) and a lower part with a section close to that of the cast product, - the inductor (3), generator of the electromagnetic field which acts on the zone of the liquid metal (4) located below the extension
- le dispositif de refroidissement (5) mobile placé autour de la re hausse qui envoie une lame d'eau (6) périphérique au-dessous du front de solidification (7)- the mobile cooling device (5) placed around the riser which sends a peripheral sheet of water (6) below the solidification front (7)
- un étage complémentaire de refroidissement (8) placé en-dessous de l'inducteur et qui délivre un jet de fluide (9)- an additional cooling stage (8) placed below the inductor and which delivers a jet of fluid (9)
En fonctionnement, le système busette-flotteur maintient le niveau de métal liquide (10) à une hauteur convenable tandis que l'on commande le déplacement de la rehausse et du dispositif de refroidissement, de manière à arroser le produit coulé immédiatement en-dessous du front, et à faire remonter ce dernier quelle que soit la vitesse de coulée au niveau du milieu de l'inducteur et à maintenir une dis tance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et ledit front.In operation, the nozzle-float system maintains the level of liquid metal (10) at a suitable height while the movement of the riser and of the cooling device is controlled, so as to sprinkle the product poured immediately below the front, and to raise the latter regardless of the casting speed at the level of the middle of the inductor and to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and said front.
L'invention est illustrée à l'aide des exemples suivants :The invention is illustrated with the aid of the following examples:
EXEMPLE 1 Au moyen d'une installation comprenant une rehausse de diamètre intérieur de 120 mm, de hauteur 80 mm, un dispositif de refroidissement débitant 3 m3/heure d'eau sous forme d'une lame d'épaisseur de 0,8 mm inclinée à 30 degrés par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,5 m/sec. un inducteur alimenté sour une tension de 10 V avec une intensité de 4200 A ayant une fréquence de 2000 Hz, un dis positif de refroidissement complémentaire débitant 6 m3/heure d'eau sous forme d'une lame d'épaisseur de 1 mm inclinée à 45 degrés par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 3,5 m/sec, on a coulé une billette de 120 mm diamètre d'un alliage d'aluminium 5754 à la vitesse de 900 mm/minute en maintenant, entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification, une distance de 13 mm et entre la limita supérieure de la zone arrosée et le front de solidification, une distance de 1 mm.EXAMPLE 1 By means of an installation comprising an extension with an internal diameter of 120 mm, with a height of 80 mm, a cooling device delivering 3 m3 / hour of water in the form of a blade of thickness 0.8 mm inclined at 30 degrees from the vertical, traveling at a speed of 2.5 m / sec. an inductor supplied with a voltage of 10 V with an intensity of 4200 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, a device for additional cooling delivering 6 m3 / hour of water in the form of a blade of thickness of 1 mm inclined at 45 degrees from the vertical, circulating at a speed of 3.5 m / sec, a 120 mm diameter billet of 5754 aluminum alloy was poured at the speed of 900 mm / minute while maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 13 mm and between the upper limit of the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 1 mm.
La hauteur du métal liquide au-dessus du front de solidification repéré à la périphérie du produit a varié entre 30 et 50 mm. EXEMPLE 2The height of the liquid metal above the solidification front located at the periphery of the product varied between 30 and 50 mm. EXAMPLE 2
Au moyen d'une installation comprenant une rehausse de section intérieure de 100 à 200 mm, de hauteur 80 mm, un système de refroidissement débitant 4 m3/heure d'eau sous forme d'une lame d'épaisseur 0,7 mm inclinée à 15 degrés par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,5 m/sec, un inducteur alimenté sous une tension de 18 V avec une intensité de 6 300 A ayant une fréquence de 2000 Hz, un dispositif de refroidissement complémentaire débitant 15 m3/heure d'eau sous forme de deux lames d'épaisseur 1 mm inclinées à 45 degrés par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 3,2 m/sec, on a coulé une plaque de 100 x 200 mm d'un alliage d'aluminium 1050 à la vitesse de 960 mm/minute en maintenant, entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification, une distance de 8 mm et entre la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée et le front de solidification, une distance de 2 à 3 mm.By means of an installation comprising an extension of internal section from 100 to 200 mm, height 80 mm, a cooling system delivering 4 m3 / hour of water in the form of a 0.7 mm thick blade inclined at 15 degrees from the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.5 m / sec, an inductor supplied at a voltage of 18 V with an intensity of 6,300 A having a frequency of 2,000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 15 m3 / hour of water in the form of two blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 3.2 m / sec, a plate of 100 x 200 mm was poured an aluminum alloy 1050 at the speed of 960 mm / minute maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 8 mm and between the upper limit of the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 2 to 3 mm.
EXEMPLE 3EXAMPLE 3
Au moyen d'une installation comprenant une rehausse de section intérieure de 100 x 1 300 mm, de hauteur 80 mm, un dispositif de refroidissement débitant 17 m3/heure d'eau sous forme d'une lame d'ëpaisseur 0,7 mm inclinée à 15 degrés par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,4 m/sec, un inducteur alimenté sous une tension de 19 V avec une intensité de 5900 A ayant une fréquence de 2000 Hz, un dispositif de refroidissement complémentaire débitant 80 m3/heure sous forme de quatre lames d'épaisseur 1 mm inclinées à 45 degrés par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse deBy means of an installation comprising an internal section extension of 100 x 1,300 mm, height 80 mm, a cooling device delivering 17 m3 / hour of water in the form of a blade of thickness 0.7 mm inclined at 15 degrees from the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.4 m / sec, an inductor supplied with a voltage of 19 V with an intensity of 5900 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 80 m3 / hour in the form of four blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 degrees with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of
2,0 m/sec, on a coulé une plaque de 100 x 1 300 mm d'un alliage d'aluminium 1050 à la vitesse de 780 mm par minute en maintenant, entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification, une distance de 14 mm et entre la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée et le front de solidification, une distance de 4 mm.2.0 m / sec, a 100 x 1300 mm plate of 1050 aluminum alloy was poured at the speed of 780 mm per minute while maintaining, between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 14 mm and between the upper limit of the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 4 mm.
La présente invention permet de couler en continu l'aluminium et ses alliages à des vitesses supérieures à 500 mm/minute, sous forme de billettes ou de plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm et qui présentent une surface ne nécessitant aucun traitement de scalpage. The present invention makes it possible to continuously cast aluminum and its alloys at speeds greater than 500 mm / minute, in the form of billets or plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm and which have a surface requiring no scalping treatment.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1/ Procédé de coulée verticale en continu de l'aluminium et de ses alliages sous forme de billettes et de plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm, à une vitesse supérieure à 500 mm/ minute, en combinant l'utilisation d'une rehausse pour l'alimentation en métal liquide, d'un inducteur électromagnétique et d'un dispositif de refroidissement direct pour la mise en forme du produit à fabriquer, caractérisé en ce que l'on règle la position de la rehausse par un mouvement vertical par rapport à la position de l'inducteur qui crée le champ de manière à maintenir au cours de la coulée une dis tance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification à la périphérie du produit coulé.1 / Continuous vertical casting process for aluminum and its alloys in the form of billets and plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm, at a speed greater than 500 mm / minute, by combining the use an extension for the supply of liquid metal, an electromagnetic inductor and a direct cooling device for the shaping of the product to be manufactured, characterized in that the position of the extension is adjusted by a vertical movement relative to the position of the inductor which creates the field so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery of the product during casting sunk.
2/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on maintient une distance constante inférieure à 15 mm.2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a constant distance of less than 15 mm is maintained.
3/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'on règle la position du dispositif de refroidissement par un mouvement vertical par rapport à la position de l'inducteur.3 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that one adjusts the position of the cooling device by a vertical movement relative to the position of the inductor.
4/ Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée par le fluide du dispositif de refroidissement est située à une distance du front comprise entre 1 et 6 mm.4 / A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the upper limit of the area sprayed by the fluid of the cooling device is located at a distance from the front between 1 and 6 mm.
5/ Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de refroidissement émet une lame d'eau périphérique, d'épaisseur inférieure à 1 millimère, faisant un angle inférieur à 30 degrés par rapport à la verticale et se propageant à une vitesse supérieure à 1 m/sec.5 / A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the cooling device emits a peripheral water sheet, of thickness less than 1 millimeter, making an angle less than 30 degrees relative to the vertical and propagating at a speed greater than 1 m / sec.
6/ Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on place un étage complémentaire de refroidissement en-dessous de l'inducteur. 6 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a complementary cooling stage is placed below the inductor.
EP82902070A 1981-07-09 1982-07-07 High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys Expired EP0083611B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8114037A FR2509207A1 (en) 1981-07-09 1981-07-09 HIGH SPEED VERTICAL CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS OF ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS
FR8114037 1981-07-09

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EP0083611A1 true EP0083611A1 (en) 1983-07-20
EP0083611B1 EP0083611B1 (en) 1985-03-20

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EP (1) EP0083611B1 (en)
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FR (1) FR2509207A1 (en)
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IT (1) IT1151818B (en)
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SU (1) SU1178315A3 (en)
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FR2570304B1 (en) * 1984-09-19 1986-11-14 Cegedur METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE LEVEL OF THE CONTACT LINE OF THE FREE METAL SURFACE WITH THE LINGOTIERE IN A VERTICAL CAST
US5085265A (en) * 1990-03-23 1992-02-04 Nkk Corporation Method for continuous casting of molten steel and apparatus therefor
US5469911A (en) * 1994-04-12 1995-11-28 Reynolds Metals Company Method for improving surface quality of electromagnetically cast aluminum alloys and products therefrom
JP3696844B2 (en) * 2002-07-08 2005-09-21 九州三井アルミニウム工業株式会社 Aluminum alloy with excellent semi-melt formability
EP1486347A1 (en) * 2003-06-12 2004-12-15 Fuji Photo Film B.V. Aluminium alloy substrate for lithographic printing plate and method for producing the same

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GB1491864A (en) * 1973-11-06 1977-11-16 Alcan Res & Dev Continuous casting
IT1113478B (en) * 1978-02-13 1986-01-20 Olin Corp PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS
CA1123897A (en) * 1978-07-03 1982-05-18 John C. Yarwood Electromagnetic casting method and apparatus
US4161978A (en) * 1978-07-19 1979-07-24 Reynolds Metals Company Ingot casting
US4236570A (en) * 1979-01-08 1980-12-02 Olin Corporation Ingot shape control by dynamic head in electromagnetic casting

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GR69780B (en) 1982-07-07
RO87316A (en) 1985-08-31
FR2509207B1 (en) 1983-11-10
IN156297B (en) 1985-06-15
AU547447B2 (en) 1985-10-17
RO87316B (en) 1985-08-31
EP0083611B1 (en) 1985-03-20
SU1178315A3 (en) 1985-09-07
JPS58500939A (en) 1983-06-09
NO830653L (en) 1983-02-24
IT8222215A1 (en) 1984-01-02
YU145382A (en) 1986-04-30
CA1178780A (en) 1984-12-04
AU8681282A (en) 1983-02-02
DE3262654D1 (en) 1985-04-25
GB2103972B (en) 1985-01-09
BR8207785A (en) 1983-06-21
FR2509207A1 (en) 1983-01-14
WO1983000107A1 (en) 1983-01-20
ES8305608A1 (en) 1983-04-16
ES513801A0 (en) 1983-04-16
US4523627A (en) 1985-06-18
GB2103972A (en) 1983-03-02
IT8222215A0 (en) 1982-07-02
IT1151818B (en) 1986-12-24

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