EP0083611B1 - High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys - Google Patents
High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys Download PDFInfo
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- EP0083611B1 EP0083611B1 EP82902070A EP82902070A EP0083611B1 EP 0083611 B1 EP0083611 B1 EP 0083611B1 EP 82902070 A EP82902070 A EP 82902070A EP 82902070 A EP82902070 A EP 82902070A EP 0083611 B1 EP0083611 B1 EP 0083611B1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/01—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces
- B22D11/015—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths without moulds, e.g. on molten surfaces using magnetic field for conformation, i.e. the metal is not in contact with a mould
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- the present invention relates to a process for continuous vertical casting at high speed of aluminum and its alloys, in particular in the form of billets and plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm.
- Another way of reducing the appearance of defects on the surface of the cast products is to carry out the molding without contact with an ingot mold. This is achieved by passing the liquid metal through the center of an inductor which creates an electromagnetic field and thus generates forces which help to give the liquid a defined shape. This shape is then maintained by solidifying the metal by direct watering by means of a heat transfer fluid.
- the object of the holder with the aim of achieving the casting of billets or plates the smallest dimension of which does not exceed 150 mm at a speed greater than those achieved so far, has sought and developed a process which makes it possible to to overcome the difficulties which have just been pointed out.
- This continuous vertical casting process combines the use of a riser for the supply of liquid metal, an electromagnetic inductor and a direct cooling device for setting in the shape of the product to be manufactured. It is characterized in that, in order to flow at a speed greater than 500 mm / min, the position of the riser is adjusted by a vertical movement relative to the inductor which creates the field so as to maintain during casting a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery of the cast product.
- the holder uses a conventional riser with a cross-section similar to that of the cast product, open at its two ends and in which the liquid metal is brought to a certain height by means of an appropriate feeding system.
- this enhancement and disposed approximately at its level, there is an annular cooling device which sprinkles the product cast over its entire periphery at a distance from the base plane of the riser such that solidification begins below this plane, and that an area of unconfined liquid remains over the entire section of the poured product.
- solidification begins at the periphery of the product along a line contained in a plane generally perpendicular to the axis of the flow if the cooling device is properly placed, and it propagates in an approximately symmetrical and progressive manner. inward and downward of the product until the contact between the liquid and solid phases is reduced, at a greater or lesser distance from the extension, to a point or to a straight portion depending on the section of the product sunk. The boundary between the phases is called the solidification front.
- the licensee resolved this problem by adjusting the position of the riser by vertical movement with respect to the inductor so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery. of the poured product.
- Such an adjustment makes it possible, in fact, when the front tends to move away from the riser, to maintain the zone of unconfined liquid at a height compatible with a regular geometry of the product. This height is kept below 15 mm and preferably 10 mm without ever being zero, in which case solidification would then take place inside the riser and would lead to the appearance of a poor surface condition.
- the position of the riser being thus linked to that of the forehead, it is first necessary to locate the latter. This location can be done with any means known to those skilled in the art, for example probes, or by using mathematical relationships which give the position of the front relative to the point of impact of the water as a function of the casting speed. Then we adjust the position of the extension by moving it vertically using any system that can be controlled by identifying the position of the front.
- the licensee also found that the movement of the riser could be combined with movement of the cooling device.
- the solidification front is established at a constant distance above the impact zone; we can therefore adjust the position of the forehead by adjusting the displacement of the cooling device.
- the front is going down; if the acceleration is low, it remains close to the equilibrium conditions and the solidification front can be maintained by leaving the cooling device stationary; on the other hand, if the acceleration is great, the system is unbalanced and it is forced to move the cooling device down to avoid watering the liquid area.
- the upper limit of the area sprayed by the fluid of the device is located at a distance from the front of between 1 and 6 mm.
- the device can be gradually raised to bring the forehead up to a position close to the middle of the inductor which is the most favorable for casting.
- the riser having been lowered, as we saw above, to maintain the area of unconfined liquid at a constant height, we can now reassemble it by following the movement of the forehead upwards. We thus gradually find the initial positions of the riser and the cooling device and we can again accelerate.
- the movement of the device can here also be obtained by any suitable means.
- the distance settings indicated above are fairly precise and therefore require well-defined impact zones. This is achieved by means of a device delivering peripheral water blades, of thickness less than 1 mm, making a small angle with the vertical and between 10 and 30 °. It is also necessary to propel the fluid at a high speed so as to avoid the phenomena of caléfaction; in general, sufficient pressure is applied to have at least 1 m / s.
- This stage can include any device for distributing slides and droplets. However, the demands on impact accuracy are lower.
- the level of liquid in the riser may vary so as to have a height of between 20 and 80 mm above the solidification front, at the periphery of the product.
- the nozzle / float system maintains the level of liquid metal 10 at a suitable height while the movement of the riser and of the cooling device is controlled, so as to sprinkle the product poured immediately below the front, and to raise the latter regardless of the casting speed at the middle of the inductor and to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and said front.
- a 120 mm billet was poured diameter of an aluminum alloy 5754 at a speed of 900 mm / min by maintaining, between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 13 mm and, between the upper limit from the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 1 mm.
- the height of the liquid metal above the solidification front located at the periphery of the product varied between 30 and 50 mm.
- a cooling system delivering 4 m 3 / h of water in the form of a blade of thickness 0.7 mm inclined at 15 ° to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.5 m / s, an inductor supplied with a voltage of 18 V with an intensity of 6300 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 15 m 3 / h of water in the form of two blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 3.2 m / s, a 100 x plate was poured 200 mm of an aluminum alloy 1050 at a speed of 960 mm / min while maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 8 mm and, between the upper limit from the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 2 to 3 mm.
- a cooling device delivering 17 m 3 / h of water in the form of a 0.7 mm thick blade inclined at 15 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.4 m / s, an inductor supplied with a voltage of 19 V with an intensity of 5900 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 80 m 3 / h in the form of four blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.0 m / s, a plate of 100 ⁇ 1300 mm of an alloy was poured of aluminum 1050 at a speed of 780 mm / min maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 14 mm and, between the upper limit of the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 4 mm.
- the present invention makes it possible to continuously cast aluminum and its alloys at speeds greater than 500 mm / min, in the form of billets or plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm and which have a surface requiring no scalping treatment.
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Abstract
Description
La présente invention est relative à un procédé de coulée continue verticale à grande vitesse de l'aluminium et de ses alliages, notamment sous forme de billettes et de plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm.The present invention relates to a process for continuous vertical casting at high speed of aluminum and its alloys, in particular in the form of billets and plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm.
L'homme de l'art connaît depuis longtemps le procédé de coulée verticale dans lequel un métal à l'état liquide est moulé en continu par passage de haut en bas dans une lingotière sans fond, refroidie, pour former des billettes ou des plaques de longueur plus ou moins grande.Those skilled in the art have long known the vertical casting process in which a metal in the liquid state is continuously molded by passing from top to bottom in a bottomless, cooled ingot mold to form billets or plates of more or less long.
Au cours des décennies, cette technique a été perfectionnée en vue d'en améliorer les performances à la fois sous l'angle capacité de production et qualité.Over the decades, this technique has been perfected in order to improve its performance both in terms of production capacity and quality.
Dans la recherche d'obtention de vitesses de coulée plus grandes, on s'est heurté à des problèmes de défauts de surface physiques: peau irrégulière, et chimiques: ségrégations inverses qu'on a résolu d'abord de façon peu satisfaisante en soumettant les produits coulés à des opérations intermédiaires de scalpage. Puis différents aménagements concernant les matériaux des lingotières et leur lubrification, les dispositifs de refroidissement, le programme de coulée, ont permis de réduire et même de supprimer, dans certains cas, le scalpage.In the search for obtaining greater casting speeds, we encountered problems of physical surface defects: irregular skin, and chemical: reverse segregations which were initially resolved in an unsatisfactory manner by subjecting the products cast in intermediate scalping operations. Then various adjustments concerning the materials of the ingot molds and their lubrication, the cooling devices, the casting program, made it possible to reduce and even eliminate, in certain cases, scalping.
Plus récemment, et en vue notamment d'obtenir des produits directement utilisables à la transformation, on a eu recours à des dispositifs particuliers de mise en forme tels que, par exemple, le Hottop dans lequel la lingotière est surmontée d'une rehausse, sorte de réservoir de métal liquide de section voisine de celle du produit coulé et de hauteur variable constituée par un matériau réfractaire et isolant.More recently, and with a view in particular to obtaining products which can be directly used for processing, special shaping devices have been used such as, for example, the Hottop in which the mold is surmounted by an extension, so of liquid metal reservoir with a cross-section close to that of the cast product and of variable height constituted by a refractory and insulating material.
Un tel dispositif a été décrit dans le brevet français No 2249728 et permet l'obtention de produits ayant un état de surface amélioré. Toutefois, on constate que, suivant le type d'alliage coulé, il y a une vitesse optimale à ne pas dépasser, sinon il se produit un arrachement de la peau. C'est pourquoi, dans ce brevet, on parvient au mieux à des vitesses de coulée de 400 mm/min.Such a device has been described in French patent No 2249728 and makes it possible to obtain products having an improved surface condition. However, it can be seen that, depending on the type of alloy cast, there is an optimal speed which must not be exceeded, otherwise there is a tearing of the skin. This is why, in this patent, we best achieve casting speeds of 400 mm / min.
Certes, en associant ces rehausses à des lingotières de faible hauteur, on parvient, sous des vitesses plus grandes, à limiter ce défaut, mais un tel couplage n'est pas applicable à des plaques d'épaisseur voisine de 150 mm car, en raison de leur déformation au moment du démarrage, elles peuvent endommager la rehausse, notamment lorsque celle-ci a un diamètre inférieur à celui de la lingotière.Admittedly, by associating these extensions with ingot molds of low height, one succeeds, under higher speeds, in limiting this defect, but such coupling is not applicable to plates of thickness close to 150 mm because, due of their deformation at the time of start-up, they can damage the riser, in particular when the latter has a diameter less than that of the mold.
Il résulte que, si on veut couler des billettes de diamètre 100 mm, de bonne qualité, même avec une lingotière de 15 mm de hauteur, on peut au mieux atteindre avec l'alliage le plus convenable une vitesse de 300 mm/min.It follows that, if one wishes to cast billets of diameter 100 mm, of good quality, even with an ingot mold of 15 mm in height, one can at best achieve with the most suitable alloy a speed of 300 mm / min.
Une autre façon de réduire l'apparition de défauts à la surface des produits coulés consiste à effectuer le moulage en dehors de tout contact avec une lingotière. On y parvient en faisant passer le métal liquide au centre d'un inducteur qui crée un champ électromagnétique et engendre ainsi des forces qui contribuent à donner au liquide une forme définie. Cette forme est alors maintenue en solidifiant le métal par arrosage direct au moyen d'un fluide caloporteur.Another way of reducing the appearance of defects on the surface of the cast products is to carry out the molding without contact with an ingot mold. This is achieved by passing the liquid metal through the center of an inductor which creates an electromagnetic field and thus generates forces which help to give the liquid a defined shape. This shape is then maintained by solidifying the metal by direct watering by means of a heat transfer fluid.
Untel procédé a été décrit dans le brevetfrançais No 2430279. Il a, sans conteste, permis d'améliorer notablement l'état de surface des produits coulés et de réduire fortement l'apparition des ségrégations inverses. Toutefois, il présente certains inconvénients. C'est ainsi que son application nécessite le maintien d'une hauteur constante de métal liquide au-dessus de l'interface avec le métal solidifié. Pour y parvenir, on met en oeuvre un ensemble busette/flotteur plus ou moins encombrant et dont la mise en place devient particulièrement gênante lorsqu'on a pour objectif de couler des pièces dont l'une des dimensions ne dépasse pas 150 mm. De plus, si l'on veut augmenter la vitesse de coulée au-delà de certaines valeurs, on provoque des turbulences au niveau de cet ensemble qui se traduisent par des déformations du ménisque du métal et l'apparition d'ondulations à la surface du produit coulé. En outre, ces déformations peuvent amener le niveau du métal en fusion sur la trajectoire du fluide caloporteur ou conduire à la formation d'une peau qui sera encore mince au moment où elle échappera à l'action du champ et, de ce fait, se déchirera sous l'effet de la pression métallostatique, ou encore provoquer la refusion de cette peau, autant de conséquences qui auront pour effet d'accroître les défauts de surface, sans parler des dangers encourus par le personnel à cause des risques d'explosion.Such a process has been described in French patent No 2430279. It has undoubtedly made it possible to significantly improve the surface condition of the cast products and to greatly reduce the occurrence of reverse segregation. However, it has certain drawbacks. Thus, its application requires maintaining a constant height of liquid metal above the interface with the solidified metal. To achieve this, a more or less bulky nozzle / float assembly is implemented and the positioning of which becomes particularly troublesome when the objective is to pour parts of which one of the dimensions does not exceed 150 mm. In addition, if we want to increase the casting speed beyond certain values, we cause turbulence in this assembly which results in deformations of the meniscus of the metal and the appearance of ripples on the surface of the metal. cast product. In addition, these deformations can bring the level of the molten metal onto the trajectory of the heat-transfer fluid or lead to the formation of a skin which will be still thin when it escapes the action of the field and, therefore, becomes will tear under the effect of metallostatic pressure, or cause the reflow of this skin, as many consequences which will have the effect of increasing surface defects, not to mention the dangers incurred by the personnel because of the risks of explosion.
Ces difficultés font que, dans le cas de billettes de diamètre 150 mm, on parvient difficilement à des vitesses de coulée supérieures à 300 mm/min.These difficulties mean that, in the case of 150 mm diameter billets, it is difficult to achieve casting speeds greater than 300 mm / min.
La titulaire, ayant pour but d'arriver à couler des billettes ou des plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm à une vitesse supérieure à celles réalisées jusqu'à présent, a cherché et mis au point un procédé qui permet de surmonter les difficultés qui viennent d'être signalées.The object of the holder, with the aim of achieving the casting of billets or plates the smallest dimension of which does not exceed 150 mm at a speed greater than those achieved so far, has sought and developed a process which makes it possible to to overcome the difficulties which have just been pointed out.
Ce procédé de coulée verticale en continu, comme indiqué dans le préambule de la revendication 1, combine l'utilisation d'une rehausse pour l'alimentation en métal liquide, d'un inducteur électromagnétique et d'un dispositif de refroidissement direct pour la mise en forme du produit à fabriquer. Il est caractérisé en ce que, afin de couler à une vitesse supérieure à 500 mm/min, l'on règle la position de la rehausse par un mouvement vertical par rapport à l'inducteur qui crée le champ de manière à maintenir au cours de la coulée une distance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification à la périphérie du produit coulé.This continuous vertical casting process, as indicated in the preamble of claim 1, combines the use of a riser for the supply of liquid metal, an electromagnetic inductor and a direct cooling device for setting in the shape of the product to be manufactured. It is characterized in that, in order to flow at a speed greater than 500 mm / min, the position of the riser is adjusted by a vertical movement relative to the inductor which creates the field so as to maintain during casting a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery of the cast product.
Ainsi, la titulaire utilise une rehausse classique de section voisine de celle du produit coulé, ouverte à ses deux extrémités et dans laquelle le métal liquide est amené jusqu'à une certaine hauteur au moyen d'un système d'alimentation approprié. A l'extérieur de cette rehausse, et disposé à peu près à son niveau, se trouve un dispositif annulaire de refroidissement qui arrose le produit coulé sur toute sa périphérie à une distance du plan de base de la rehausse telle que la solidification s'amorce en dessous de ce plan, et qu'il subsiste sur toute la section du produit coulé une zone de liquide non confiné.Thus, the holder uses a conventional riser with a cross-section similar to that of the cast product, open at its two ends and in which the liquid metal is brought to a certain height by means of an appropriate feeding system. Outside this enhancement, and disposed approximately at its level, there is an annular cooling device which sprinkles the product cast over its entire periphery at a distance from the base plane of the riser such that solidification begins below this plane, and that an area of unconfined liquid remains over the entire section of the poured product.
C'est sur cette zone que s'exerce l'action du champ créé par l'inducteur et qui a pour effet de contrebalancer la pression métallostatique du liquide contenu dans la rehausse et d'imposer au liquide non confiné un profil déterminé.It is on this zone that the action of the field created by the inductor is exerted, which has the effect of counterbalancing the metallostatic pressure of the liquid contained in the riser and of imposing on the non-confined liquid a determined profile.
En fonctionnement, la solidification s'amorce à la périphérie du produit suivant une ligne contenue dans un plan généralement perpendiculaire à l'axe de la coulée si le dispositif de refroidissement est convenablement placé, et elle se propage de manière à peu près symétrique et progressive vers l'intérieur et le bas du produit jusqu'à ce que le contact entre les phases liquide et solide se réduise, à une distance plus ou moins grande de la rehausse, à un point ou à une portion de droite suivant la section du produit coulé. La limite entre les phases est appelée front de solidification.In operation, solidification begins at the periphery of the product along a line contained in a plane generally perpendicular to the axis of the flow if the cooling device is properly placed, and it propagates in an approximately symmetrical and progressive manner. inward and downward of the product until the contact between the liquid and solid phases is reduced, at a greater or lesser distance from the extension, to a point or to a straight portion depending on the section of the product sunk. The boundary between the phases is called the solidification front.
Un tel système ne permet pas d'atteindre les vitesses de coulée souhaitées, car le front de solidification n'est pas stable et se déplace d'autant plus vers le bas que la vitesse est grande. Il en résulte un allongement de la zone de liquide non confiné tel que l'action du champ se révèle insuffisante, ce qui conduit à la formation, avant solidification, d'un profil anormal ou même à des coulures de métal.Such a system does not make it possible to achieve the desired casting speeds, since the solidification front is not stable and moves all the more downward as the speed is high. This results in an elongation of the zone of non-confined liquid such that the action of the field proves to be insufficient, which leads to the formation, before solidification, of an abnormal profile or even to metal drips.
La titulaire a résolu ce problème en réglant la position de la rehausse par un mouvement vertical par rapport à l'inducteur de manière à maintenir une distance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification à la périphérie du produit coulé. Un tel réglage permet, en effet, lorsque le front a tendance à s'éloigner de la rehausse, de maintenir la zone de liquide non confiné à une hauteur compatible avec une géométrie régulière du produit. Cette hauteur est maintenue inférieure à 15 mm et, de préférence, à 10 mm sans être jamais nulle, auquel cas la solidification s'effectuerait alors à l'intérieur de la rehausse et conduirait à l'apparition d'un mauvais état de surface.The licensee resolved this problem by adjusting the position of the riser by vertical movement with respect to the inductor so as to maintain a constant distance between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front at the periphery. of the poured product. Such an adjustment makes it possible, in fact, when the front tends to move away from the riser, to maintain the zone of unconfined liquid at a height compatible with a regular geometry of the product. This height is kept below 15 mm and preferably 10 mm without ever being zero, in which case solidification would then take place inside the riser and would lead to the appearance of a poor surface condition.
La position de la rehausse étant ainsi liée à celle du front, il faut d'abord repérer cette dernière. On peut faire ce repérage avec tout moyen connu de l'homme de l'art, par exemple des sondes, ou en se servant de relations mathématiques qui donnent la position du front par rapport au point d'impact de l'eau en fonction de la vitesse de coulée. Puis on règle la position de la rehausse en la déplaçant verticalement à l'aide d'un système quelconque qui peut être asservi au moyen de repérage de la position du front.The position of the riser being thus linked to that of the forehead, it is first necessary to locate the latter. This location can be done with any means known to those skilled in the art, for example probes, or by using mathematical relationships which give the position of the front relative to the point of impact of the water as a function of the casting speed. Then we adjust the position of the extension by moving it vertically using any system that can be controlled by identifying the position of the front.
La titulaire a également trouvé que le déplacement de la rehausse pouvait être combiné avec un mouvement du dispositif de refroidissement.The licensee also found that the movement of the riser could be combined with movement of the cooling device.
Il faut d'abord savoir que la zone d'impact du fluide caloporteur, particulièrement quand ce dernier est de l'eau, doit être située en dehors de la zone de liquide non confiné, sinon il y a réaction chimique avec l'aluminium et risque d'explosion. Aussi le jet de fluide est-il dirigé vers la partie solide du produit.You must first know that the impact zone of the heat transfer fluid, particularly when the latter is water, must be located outside the zone of unconfined liquid, otherwise there is a chemical reaction with aluminum and risk of explosion. The jet of fluid is therefore directed towards the solid part of the product.
En régime équilibré, le front de solidification s'établit à une distance constante au-dessus de la zone d'impact; on peut donc régler la position du front en jouant sur le déplacement du dispositif de refroidissement.In balanced regime, the solidification front is established at a constant distance above the impact zone; we can therefore adjust the position of the forehead by adjusting the displacement of the cooling device.
Lorsqu'on augmente la vitesse de coulée, on a vu que le front descendait; si l'accélération est faible, on reste proche des conditions d'équilibre et le front de solidification peut être maintenu en laissant le dispositif de refroidissement immobile; par contre, si l'accélération est grande, on déséquilibre le système et on est obligé de déplacer vers le bas le dispositif de refroidissement pour éviter d'arroser la zone liquide. De préférence, la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée par le fluide du dispositif est située à une distance du front comprise entre 1 et 6 mm.When we increase the casting speed, we have seen that the front is going down; if the acceleration is low, it remains close to the equilibrium conditions and the solidification front can be maintained by leaving the cooling device stationary; on the other hand, if the acceleration is great, the system is unbalanced and it is forced to move the cooling device down to avoid watering the liquid area. Preferably, the upper limit of the area sprayed by the fluid of the device is located at a distance from the front of between 1 and 6 mm.
Le régime de croisière étant atteint, on peut remonter progressivement le dispositif pour faire remonter le front à une position voisine du milieu de l'inducteur qui est la plus favorable à la coulée. La rehausse ayant été descendue, comme on l'a vu plus haut, pour maintenir la zone de liquide non confiné à une hauteur constante, on peut maintenant la remonter en suivant le déplacement du front vers le haut. On retrouve ainsi progressivement les positions initiales de la rehausse et du dispositif de refroidissement et on peut à nouveau procéder à une accélération.The cruising speed having been reached, the device can be gradually raised to bring the forehead up to a position close to the middle of the inductor which is the most favorable for casting. The riser having been lowered, as we saw above, to maintain the area of unconfined liquid at a constant height, we can now reassemble it by following the movement of the forehead upwards. We thus gradually find the initial positions of the riser and the cooling device and we can again accelerate.
Ainsi, la combinaison des deux mouvements permet une augmentation plus grande de la vitesse.Thus, the combination of the two movements allows a greater increase in speed.
Le mouvement du dispositif peut ici aussi être obtenu par tout moyen convenable.The movement of the device can here also be obtained by any suitable means.
Les réglages de distance indiqués plus haut sont assez précis et nécessitent donc d'avoir des zones d'impact bien délimitées. Cela est réalisé au moyen d'un dispositif délivrant des lames d'eau périphériques, d'épaisseur inférieure à 1 mm, faisant un angle faible avec la verticale et compris entre 10 et 30°. Il faut aussi propulser le fluide à une grande vitesse de manière à éviter les phénomènes de caléfaction; on applique, en général, une pression suffisante pour avoir au moins 1 m/s.The distance settings indicated above are fairly precise and therefore require well-defined impact zones. This is achieved by means of a device delivering peripheral water blades, of thickness less than 1 mm, making a small angle with the vertical and between 10 and 30 °. It is also necessary to propel the fluid at a high speed so as to avoid the phenomena of caléfaction; in general, sufficient pressure is applied to have at least 1 m / s.
Néanmoins, on ne peut débiter en cet endroit une quantité de fluide suffisante pour atteindre une solidification complète. C'est pourquoi on complète le refroidissement au moyen d'un étage supplémentaire.However, it is not possible to deliver a quantity of fluid there sufficient to achieve complete solidification. This is why the cooling is completed by means of an additional stage.
Cet étage peut comprendre tout dispositif distributeur de lames et de gouttelettes. Toutefois, les exigences sur la précision de l'impact sont moins grandes. On peut, par exemple, utiliser des lames de 2 mm d'épaisseur dirigées vers le bas suivant un angle supérieur à 45° et se propageant à une vitesse supérieure à 3 m/s.This stage can include any device for distributing slides and droplets. However, the demands on impact accuracy are lower. One can, for example, use
Au cours de la coulée, le niveau de liquide dans la rehausse peut varier de façon à avoir au-dessus du front de solidification, à la périphérie du produit, une hauteur comprise entre 20 et 80 mm.During casting, the level of liquid in the riser may vary so as to have a height of between 20 and 80 mm above the solidification front, at the periphery of the product.
L'invention sera mieux comprise à l'aide du dessin accompagnant la présente demande et qui représente un ensemble de coulée pour la mise en oeuvre du procédé selon l'invention.The invention will be better understood using the drawing accompanying this application and which represents a casting assembly for the implementation of the method according to the invention.
On y voit:
- - la rehausse 1 mobile, présentant une partie supérieure élargie de manière à faciliter le montage du système d'alimentation busette/
flotteur 2 et une partie inférieure de section voisine de celle du produit coulé, - - l'inducteur 3, générateur du champ électromagnétique qui agit sur la zone du métal liquide 4 située en dessous de la rehausse,
- - le dispositif de
refroidissement 5 mobile placé autour de la rehausse qui envoie une lame d'eau 6 périphérique au-dessous du front de solidification 7, - - un étage complémentaire de refroidissement 8 placé en dessous de l'inducteur et qui délivre un jet de
fluide 9.
- the mobile extension 1 having an enlarged upper part so as to facilitate mounting of the nozzle /
float supply system 2 and a lower part with a section close to that of the cast product, - the
inductor 3, generator of the electromagnetic field which acts on the zone of the liquid metal 4 situated below the riser, - the
mobile cooling device 5 placed around the riser which sends a peripheral sheet of water 6 below the solidification front 7, - an additional cooling stage 8 placed below the inductor and which delivers a jet of
fluid 9.
En fonctionnement, le système busette/flotteur maintient le niveau de métal liquide 10 à une hauteur convenable tandis que l'on commande le déplacement de la rehausse et du dispositif de refroidissement, de manière à arroser le produit coulé immédiatement en dessous du front, et à faire remonter ce dernier quelle que soit la vitesse de coulée au niveau du milieu de l'inducteur et à maintenir une distance constante entre le plan de base de la rehausse et ledit front.In operation, the nozzle / float system maintains the level of
L'invention est illustrée à l'aide des exemples suivants:The invention is illustrated using the following examples:
Au moyen d'une installation comprenant une rehausse de diamètre intérieur de 120 mm, de hauteur 80 mm, un dispositif de refroidissement débitant 3 m3/h d'eau sous la forme d'une lame d'épaisseur de 0,8 mm inclinée à 30° par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,5 m/s, un inducteur alimenté sous une tension de 10 V avec une intensité de 4200 A ayant une fréquence de 2000 Hz, un dispositif de refroidissement complémentaire débitant 6 m3/h d'eau sous la forme d'une lame d'épaisseur de 1 mm inclinée à 45° par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 3,5 m/s, on a coulé une billette de 120 mm de diamètre d'un alliage d'aluminium 5754 à la vitesse de 900 mm/min en maintenant, entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification, une distance de 13 mm et, entre la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée et le front de solidification, une distance de 1 mm.By means of an installation comprising an extension with an internal diameter of 120 mm, height 80 mm, a cooling device delivering 3 m 3 / h of water in the form of a blade of thickness 0.8 mm inclined at 30 ° to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.5 m / s, an inductor supplied at a voltage of 10 V with an intensity of 4200 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 6 m 3 / h of water in the form of a blade of thickness of 1 mm inclined at 45 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 3.5 m / s, a 120 mm billet was poured diameter of an aluminum alloy 5754 at a speed of 900 mm / min by maintaining, between the base plane of the riser and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 13 mm and, between the upper limit from the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 1 mm.
La hauteur du métal liquide au-dessus du front de solidification repéré à la périphérie du produit a varié entre 30 et 50 mm.The height of the liquid metal above the solidification front located at the periphery of the product varied between 30 and 50 mm.
Au moyen d'une installation comprenant une rehausse de section intérieure de 1 00 à 200 mm, de hauteur 80 mm, un système de refroidissement débitant 4 m3/h d'eau sous la forme d'une lame d'épaisseur 0,7 mm inclinée à 15° par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,5 m/s, un inducteur alimenté sous une tension de 18 V avec une intensité de 6300 A ayant une fréquence de 2000 Hz, un dispositif de refroidissement complémentaire débitant 15 m3/h d'eau sous la forme de deux lames d'épaisseur 1 mm inclinées à 45° par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 3,2 m/s, on a coulé une plaque de 100 x 200 mm d'un alliage d'aluminium 1050 à la vitesse de 960 mm/min en maintenant, entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification, une distance de 8 mm et, entre la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée et le front de solidification, une distance de 2 à 3 mm.By means of an installation comprising an internal section extension from 1 00 to 200 mm, with a height of 80 mm, a cooling system delivering 4 m 3 / h of water in the form of a blade of thickness 0.7 mm inclined at 15 ° to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.5 m / s, an inductor supplied with a voltage of 18 V with an intensity of 6300 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 15 m 3 / h of water in the form of two blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 3.2 m / s, a 100 x plate was poured 200 mm of an aluminum alloy 1050 at a speed of 960 mm / min while maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 8 mm and, between the upper limit from the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 2 to 3 mm.
Au moyen d'une installation comprenant une rehausse de section intérieure de 100x1300 mm, de hauteur 80 mm, un dispositif de refroidissement débitant 17 m3/h d'eau sous la forme d'une lame d'épaisseur 0,7 mm inclinée à 15° par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,4 m/s, un inducteur alimenté sous une tension de 19 V avec une intensité de 5900 A ayant une fréquence de 2000 Hz, un dispositif de refroidissement complémentaire débitant 80 m3/h sous la forme de quatre lames d'épaisseur 1 mm inclinées à 45° par rapport à la verticale, circulant à une vitesse de 2,0 m/s, on a coulé une plaque de 100×1300 mm d'un alliage d'aluminium 1050 à la vitesse de 780 mm/min en maintenant, entre le plan de base de la rehausse et le plan passant par le front de solidification, une distance de 14 mm et, entre la limite supérieure de la zone arrosée et le front de solidification, une distance de 4 mm.By means of an installation comprising an internal section extension of 100x1300 mm, height 80 mm, a cooling device delivering 17 m 3 / h of water in the form of a 0.7 mm thick blade inclined at 15 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.4 m / s, an inductor supplied with a voltage of 19 V with an intensity of 5900 A having a frequency of 2000 Hz, an additional cooling device delivering 80 m 3 / h in the form of four blades of thickness 1 mm inclined at 45 ° with respect to the vertical, circulating at a speed of 2.0 m / s, a plate of 100 × 1300 mm of an alloy was poured of aluminum 1050 at a speed of 780 mm / min maintaining, between the base plane of the extension and the plane passing through the solidification front, a distance of 14 mm and, between the upper limit of the watered area and the solidification front, a distance of 4 mm.
La présente invention permet de couler en continu l'aluminium et ses alliages à des vitesses supérieures à 500 mm/min, sous forme de billettes ou de plaques dont la plus petite dimension n'excède pas 150 mm et qui présentent une surface ne nécessitant aucun traitement de scalpage.The present invention makes it possible to continuously cast aluminum and its alloys at speeds greater than 500 mm / min, in the form of billets or plates of which the smallest dimension does not exceed 150 mm and which have a surface requiring no scalping treatment.
Claims (6)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR8114037 | 1981-07-09 | ||
| FR8114037A FR2509207A1 (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1981-07-09 | HIGH SPEED VERTICAL CONTINUOUS CASTING PROCESS OF ALUMINUM AND ITS ALLOYS |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0083611A1 EP0083611A1 (en) | 1983-07-20 |
| EP0083611B1 true EP0083611B1 (en) | 1985-03-20 |
Family
ID=9260641
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82902070A Expired EP0083611B1 (en) | 1981-07-09 | 1982-07-07 | High speed continuous vertical casting process for aluminium and its alloys |
Country Status (18)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US4523627A (en) |
| EP (1) | EP0083611B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPS58500939A (en) |
| AU (1) | AU547447B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR8207785A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA1178780A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3262654D1 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES513801A0 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2509207A1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2103972B (en) |
| GR (1) | GR69780B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN156297B (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1151818B (en) |
| NO (1) | NO830653L (en) |
| RO (1) | RO87316A (en) |
| SU (1) | SU1178315A3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1983000107A1 (en) |
| YU (1) | YU145382A (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2570304B1 (en) * | 1984-09-19 | 1986-11-14 | Cegedur | METHOD FOR ADJUSTING THE LEVEL OF THE CONTACT LINE OF THE FREE METAL SURFACE WITH THE LINGOTIERE IN A VERTICAL CAST |
| US5085265A (en) * | 1990-03-23 | 1992-02-04 | Nkk Corporation | Method for continuous casting of molten steel and apparatus therefor |
| US5469911A (en) * | 1994-04-12 | 1995-11-28 | Reynolds Metals Company | Method for improving surface quality of electromagnetically cast aluminum alloys and products therefrom |
| JP3696844B2 (en) * | 2002-07-08 | 2005-09-21 | 九州三井アルミニウム工業株式会社 | Aluminum alloy with excellent semi-melt formability |
| EP1486347A1 (en) * | 2003-06-12 | 2004-12-15 | Fuji Photo Film B.V. | Aluminium alloy substrate for lithographic printing plate and method for producing the same |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1491864A (en) * | 1973-11-06 | 1977-11-16 | Alcan Res & Dev | Continuous casting |
| IT1113478B (en) * | 1978-02-13 | 1986-01-20 | Olin Corp | PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR COPPER AND COPPER ALLOYS |
| CA1123897A (en) * | 1978-07-03 | 1982-05-18 | John C. Yarwood | Electromagnetic casting method and apparatus |
| US4161978A (en) * | 1978-07-19 | 1979-07-24 | Reynolds Metals Company | Ingot casting |
| US4236570A (en) * | 1979-01-08 | 1980-12-02 | Olin Corporation | Ingot shape control by dynamic head in electromagnetic casting |
-
1981
- 1981-07-09 FR FR8114037A patent/FR2509207A1/en active Granted
-
1982
- 1982-06-09 GB GB08216749A patent/GB2103972B/en not_active Expired
- 1982-06-11 IN IN679/CAL/82A patent/IN156297B/en unknown
- 1982-07-02 IT IT22215/82A patent/IT1151818B/en active
- 1982-07-05 YU YU01453/82A patent/YU145382A/en unknown
- 1982-07-06 GR GR68668A patent/GR69780B/el unknown
- 1982-07-07 BR BR8207785A patent/BR8207785A/en unknown
- 1982-07-07 WO PCT/FR1982/000115 patent/WO1983000107A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 1982-07-07 DE DE8282902070T patent/DE3262654D1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-07 AU AU86812/82A patent/AU547447B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-07-07 EP EP82902070A patent/EP0083611B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-07 US US06/474,669 patent/US4523627A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1982-07-07 JP JP57502068A patent/JPS58500939A/en active Pending
- 1982-07-08 CA CA000406906A patent/CA1178780A/en not_active Expired
- 1982-07-08 ES ES513801A patent/ES513801A0/en active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-02-24 NO NO830653A patent/NO830653L/en unknown
- 1983-03-03 RO RO83110207A patent/RO87316A/en unknown
- 1983-03-04 SU SU833560644A patent/SU1178315A3/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1983000107A1 (en) | 1983-01-20 |
| GR69780B (en) | 1982-07-07 |
| EP0083611A1 (en) | 1983-07-20 |
| ES8305608A1 (en) | 1983-04-16 |
| AU547447B2 (en) | 1985-10-17 |
| GB2103972B (en) | 1985-01-09 |
| NO830653L (en) | 1983-02-24 |
| RO87316B (en) | 1985-08-31 |
| GB2103972A (en) | 1983-03-02 |
| IT8222215A0 (en) | 1982-07-02 |
| JPS58500939A (en) | 1983-06-09 |
| US4523627A (en) | 1985-06-18 |
| AU8681282A (en) | 1983-02-02 |
| IT1151818B (en) | 1986-12-24 |
| SU1178315A3 (en) | 1985-09-07 |
| DE3262654D1 (en) | 1985-04-25 |
| FR2509207A1 (en) | 1983-01-14 |
| IN156297B (en) | 1985-06-15 |
| IT8222215A1 (en) | 1984-01-02 |
| ES513801A0 (en) | 1983-04-16 |
| RO87316A (en) | 1985-08-31 |
| YU145382A (en) | 1986-04-30 |
| BR8207785A (en) | 1983-06-21 |
| FR2509207B1 (en) | 1983-11-10 |
| CA1178780A (en) | 1984-12-04 |
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