EP0081134A1 - Method of applying a fixating liquid to textile web materials printed or dyed with reactive dyes - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Process for the continuous application of alcaline fixing liquors on unfixed, previously with reactive dyestuffs without addition of alcali treated and eventually dryed textile webs made of cellulosic fibres or their mixtures with polyester fibers, by means of atomizing with rotating spraying nozzles on the passing textile webs in a uniform layer covering the printed or pad dyed areas, fixing liquors of higher viscosity, based on solutions of sodium silicate with a density of 37 to 50 degrees Be identical with a specific gravity of 1,34 to 1,53 by means of rotating nozzles with 3000 to 7000 revolutions per minute and a spraying width of 5 to 20 cm per rotating nozzle.

Description

The present invention relates to a process for the continuous application of liquid preparations to unfixed, block-dyed and possibly dried textile webs of cellulose fibers or their mixtures with polyester fibers, by spraying using rotating liquid spray heads, which have previously been printed or dyed with reactive dyes.

In practice, printing and block dyeing with reactive dyes on fabrics made of cellulose fibers is carried out in practice according to a one- or two-stage procedure. All two-stage methods with this orientation have in common that the printing ink or pad liquor is prepared without alkali; It is only in the second step, that is to say in a second phase, that an alkali solution must be applied to the goods which have been printed or padded under neutral conditions and which may have dried, which is necessary for the subsequent fixing of the dye on the fiber. As a rule, the application of this chemical solution takes place on a padder with two or more rollers, the treated textile material absorbing 60 to 100% (based on the weight of the dry fiber material) of the fixing liquor. During the actual fixation operation, the tissue is subjected to the action of heat: in certain cases, this step can also be done by standing at room temperature for a longer period.

In recent years, a large number of so-called minimal application methods for treatment fluids have been developed, all of which aim to reduce the amount of liquor applied to the textile goods. You get an order as even as possible from Such a project, inter alia, that the preparation agents concerned are sprayed or foamed onto the web in finely divided form.

All spray processes are therefore primarily based on the idea of economical use of chemicals compared to other methods in this field.

As far as the known measures in the field of spray technology are concerned, mechanical spraying is carried out either with compressed air-controlled nozzles (DE-OS 22 49 330) or with high-rotation liquid spray heads (FR-PS 22 51 651). The latter generally operate at 30,000 to 50,000 revolutions per minute (rpm).

However, the finer such a spray mist is, the more uniform is the application of the treatment agent - provided that no deflection of the mist is caused. The droplet clouds are, however, already influenced by relatively weak air currents and then deviate from the path largely predetermined by the spray characteristics of the nozzle. As a result, an undesirable, sometimes unevenly thick application of the preparation over the textile web occurs. Of course, this phenomenon also contributes to a certain burden on the environmental conditions.

To switch off such a drift and to even out the spray pattern, attempts have therefore already been made according to DE-OS 24 06 831 and also according to FR-PS 22 51 651 to carry out the spraying process in an electrostatic voltage field. For this purpose, a high voltage is applied to the atomizing device on the one hand and to the metallic base over which the textile goods are guided, on the other hand, so that the field of tension spreads perpendicularly with respect to the textile web and the resulting fine -: liquid droplets a positive or negative charge receive. These are then drawn onto the web by electrostatic forces along the electrical field lines. However, the use of strong electrical fields requires special safety measures; it must be completely ruled out if flammable liquids are to be applied.

Another concept for the fleet order on the web, which is largely independent of the statistical fluctuations in the ambient air that otherwise occur, is, according to DE-OS 25 43 524, to distribute the spray evenly over the entire width of the goods by means of a suction process. As a result of a laminar air flow, which runs in the direction of the nozzle jets, the atomized droplets receive a safe guidance, as a result of which a forced flow of the spray mist and the circulating air through the material web is achieved. In this way, in addition to the regular distribution of the droplets on the material surface, a depth effect is also achieved. According to a further development to improve the suction spraying technique in the overall context with the minimum liquor application according to DE-OS 29 32 124, the spraying is carried out by a high-rotation liquid spray head; the sprayed liquid is additionally directed onto the material web by an air flow directed laterally onto the spray cone.

However, high-rotation liquid spray heads and nozzles controlled by compressed air are only suitable for spraying low-viscosity preparations. One therefore works according to this conventional spraying method, for example predominantly with aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution. For textile webs of 160 cm width, 1 to 3 spray heads must be used.

In addition, all previously available minimal application methods for treatment fleets, including the previously explained designs, failed due to the poor controllability at variable speeds and / or the high investment costs for the system.

Knowing the shortcomings of the spraying methods known from the relevant literature, the task for the present invention was now to modify the conventional methods in this field in accordance with the needs of practice and also to make them accessible for the use of more viscous solutions of treatment agents to be sprayed . In particular, ways and means should be found which, while retaining the positive effects of the working method, allow spraying fixatives to be sprayed at variable speeds on a technically simple and inexpensive system.

It has now been found that even minimal amounts of highly viscous solutions can be sprayed uniformly onto textile material webs if the number of revolutions of rotating liquid spray heads is reduced from 30,000 to 50,000 rpm to approximately 5,000 rpm.

The object of the invention is thus achieved in that such preparations are sprayed onto the textile material via rotors, which work at a speed of 3000 to 7000 rpm, preferably 5000 rpm, and a spray width of 5 to 20 cm, preferably 10 cm, own each rotor.

In addition to a reduction in the number of revolutions of the rotating liquid spray head, the spray width of a rotor is thus also substantially smaller than that of a high-rotation liquid spray head. In accordance with the width of the textile goods, the necessary number of rotors is arranged side by side in the rotor carrier. In order to achieve better wetting of densely packed or heavier goods, the rotor carriers can be installed on both sides of the running textile web in the treatment room. In this way, the same result is obtained, which is achieved with far more complex apparatus precautions according to the forced flow of the spray mist described in DE-OS 29 32 124 by suction through the web.

The process according to the invention can be used with particular advantage for applying minimal amounts of fixing agents containing alkaline substances to prints and block dyeings with reactive dyes, surprisingly also with block dyeings and with textiles printed with large patterns, despite the high amounts of thickener applied and the associated bonding and narrowing the stitches absorb the fixing chemicals sufficiently quickly. The liquid applied is largely absorbed by the fabric or the thickener film of the printing ink.

Known, continuous or discontinuous techniques can be used to fix the reactive dyes applied to the textile web in a two-phase procedure, together with the required fixing alkali, such as the steaming process, lightning steaming process, infrared process or cold retention process.

For the preparation application by spraying according to the present invention, the highly viscous solutions are mainly the sodium water glasses which are widespread in the textile industry. They are defined by a degree of 37-50 ° Be, which corresponds to a specific weight of 1.34 to 1.53. Depending on the fixing time required for the type of dye (5 seconds to 24 hours), they are used either alone or in a mixture with other alkalis, preferably sodium hydroxide solution, and water.

The amount of the sprayed solution depends on its concentration, on the throughput speed of the textile material and on the concentration and amount of the printed or padded dye. In the case of more concentrated solutions of the preparation, the throughput speed can be increased, just as the sprayed amount is increased.

enthalten, worin X Wasserstoff oder ein Metallkation und Hal Halogen bedeuten.According to the process, the reactive dyes for short fixing times are predominantly those which contain reactive radicals of the formulas I-IV

contain, where X is hydrogen or a metal cation and Hal is halogen.

For longer fixing find (6 minutes to 24 hours) in addition to the previously mentioned products, dyes use, hloraminotriazin- as reactive group _C, have Dichlorpyrimidin-, Trichlorpyrimidin-, dichlorotriazine, monochlorotriazine, quaternized chlorotriazine or dichloropyridazine group .

The present invention is suitable for the fixation of reactive dyes on sheet-like cellulose fiber materials of all types of processing, such as woven, knitted or non-woven fabrics. It enables an order of 15 to 40 percent by weight of the preparation fleet, based on the dry goods. Higher application quantities, which can result, for example, from the overlapping of the spray compartments of two adjacent rotors, have no effect on the sharp state of the prints and the degree of fixation of the dyes in this process. This is a great advantage compared to spraying with aqueous solutions of sodium carbonate, sodium hydrogen carbonate or sodium hydroxide solution.

The following examples serve to illustrate the invention. The percentages given therein are percentages by weight and, in the case of the data for the liquor intake, are based on the weight of the dry goods. The water glasses according to the examples are each soda water glass.

example 1

60 g of the dye Reactive Violet 5 (C.I. No. 18 097) are in

Dissolve 430 g of hot water and the solution is in

500 g of a 4% aqueous alginate thickener were stirred in. Then you put in this print paste preparation

Add 10 g sodium 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid.

With this printing paste, a mercerized cotton fabric is printed in rouleaux printing and dried. The running web is then sprayed with a solution using a liquid spray head that rotates at approx. 5000 revolutions per minute (rpm) with a liquor pickup of 30%

600 ml water glass of 40 ° Be,

200 ml sodium hydroxide solution of 50 ° Be, and

200 ml of cold water

consists. To fix the dye, dampen the textile material in a flash damper for 5 seconds; the printing stain is then post-treated and dried as usual.

A violet print with good fastness properties is obtained.

Example 2

30 g of the reactive yellow 129 dye are dissolved in 458 g of hot water and this solution is then stirred into 500 g of a 4% aqueous alginate thickener. Then you give the printing paste approach

2 g monosodium phosphate and

Add 10 g sodium 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid.

This printing paste is used to print and dry a leached tissue made from regenerated cellulose fibers using flat film printing. The goods are then sprayed as in Example 1 with a liquor absorption of 35% with a solution which consists of

600 ml water glass of 40 ° Be and

400 ml sodium hydroxide solution at 50 ° Be

consists. After a short air passage, the textile web is now placed on a continuously running transport device, where it is left to remain at room temperature for at least 15 minutes for the purpose of dye fixation. Finally, the fabric printed in this way is post-treated and dried as usual.

A yellow print with good fastness properties is obtained.

Example 3

80 g of the reactive black 5 dye (C.I. No. 20 505) are mixed with

Dissolved 408 g of hot water and this solution is now in

500 g of a 4% aqueous alginate thickener were stirred in. Then you give the print paste preparation

2 g of monosodium phosphate and - 10 g of 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid sodium.

This printing paste is used to print and dry a fabric made of mercerized cotton in rouleaux printing. The goods are then sprayed as in Example 1 with a liquor absorption of 35% with a solution which consists of

950 ml water glass of 38 ° Be and

50 g caustic soda

After a short air passage, the goods are removed, covered with a plastic film and left to stand at room temperature for 24 hours, during which the reactive dye is fixed. To complete the printing dyeing, the textile material is then post-treated and dried as usual.

A black print with good fastness properties is obtained.

Example 4

60 g of the reactive red 58 dye are included

440 g of hot water is dissolved and this solution is then in

500 g of a 4% aqueous alginate thickener, which already contains 20 g of 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid sodium.

This printing paste is used to print and dry a leached tissue made from regenerated cellulose fibers in Rouleaux printing. The continuously running material web is now sprayed with a solution as in Example 1 with a liquor absorption of 20%

500 ml water glass of 38 ° Be,

400 ml of water and

100 g sodium bicarbonate

consists. To fix the dye, the textile is then steamed with saturated steam in a hanging loop steamer for 8 minutes and then treated and dried as usual.

A red print with good fastness properties is obtained.

Example 5

60 g of the dye Reactive Orange 12 are included

440 g of hot water is dissolved and this solution is then in

500 g of a 4% strength aqueous alginate thickener which already contains 20 g of 3-nitrobenzenesulfonic acid sodium.

This printing paste is used to print and dry knitted fabric made from regenerated cellulose fibers in Rouleaux printing. Then the web is sprayed with a solution according to the instructions of Example 1 with a liquor absorption of 20%, which consists of

60 g sodium carbonate,

640 ml of water and

300 ml water glass of 38 ° Be

consists. The printed textile material is then steamed for 6 minutes in a hanging loop damper with saturated steam in order to fix the reactive dye and then treated as usual.

An orange print with good fastness properties is obtained.

Example 6

• Eine Mischung aus
• 40 g des nichtionisch formierten Farbstoffes Disperse _Red 54:1 und
• 40 g der flüssigen Handelsform des Farbstoffes Reactive Orange 16 (C.I.Nr. 17 757) wird zunächst in
• 70 g Wasser von 80-90°C dispergiert bzw. gelöst und sodann mit
• 150 g kaltem Wasser verdünnt. Dieser Farbstoffansatz wird nun in
• 700 g einer Verdickung eingerührt, die aus einer Mischung aus 60 % einer 3%igen, wäßrigen Lösung eines Ammoniumpolyacrylats vom Molgewicht 0.6 . ₁0⁶ und 40 % einer 2%igen, wäßrigen Lösung eines Copolymerisats aus Propylen und Maleinsäure-anhydrid (Molverhältnis 1:1) vom Molgewicht 1,5 10⁶ besteht.

A mixed fabric made of polyester fiber / rayon (85:15) is printed in rouleaux with a printing paste which is produced as follows:

• A mix of
• 40 g of the nonionic-formed dye Disperse _R ed 54: 1 and
• 40 g of the liquid commercial form of the dye Reactive Orange 16 (CINr. 17 757) is initially in
• 70 g of water at 80-90 ° C dispersed or dissolved and then with
• Diluted 150 g of cold water. This dye approach is now in
• 700 g of a thickener stirred in, which consists of a mixture of 60% of a 3% aqueous solution of an ammonium polyacrylate with a molecular weight of 0.6. ₁ 0 ⁶ and 40% of a 2% aqueous solution of a copolymer of propylene and maleic anhydride (molar ratio 1: 1) with a molecular weight of 1.5 10 ⁶ .

After the fabric printed in this way has dried, the disperse dye is first fixed to the polyester portion of the fiber mixture by treatment in a hanging loop damper with superheated steam for 7 minutes at 175 ° C. The textile material for fixing the reactive dye on the cellulose component is then sprayed and finished as indicated in Example 2.

An orange print with good fastness properties is obtained.

Example 7

30 g of the dye Disperse Blue 56 (C.I. No. 63 285) are sprinkled in

Well dispersed 270 g of water at 40-50 ° C using a high-speed stirrer. Be separate from it

30 g of the reactive blue 19 dye (C.I. No. 61 200) in

270 g of boiling water dissolved. Both approaches are then in

400 g of cold water entered, which contains 4 g / l of a wetting agent and 20 g / l of an anti-migration agent. The liquor thus prepared is finally adjusted to a pH of 5-6 using acetic acid.

With this liquor, a blended fabric made of polyester fiber / cotton (50:50) with a liquor absorption of 60% is padded and dried. The disperse dye is then fixed to the polyester component for 60 seconds by thermosoling on the stenter using hot air at 200 ° C.

The cooled goods are now sprayed with a solution according to the instructions of Example 1 with a liquor absorption of 30%

200 ml water glass of 38 ° Bé

60 ml sodium hydroxide solution at 38 ° Be

740 ml of water

consists. The fabric web is then docked, wrapped in plastic film and stored for 8 hours at room temperature, during which the reactive dye is fixed on the cotton portion of the textile material. The dyeing is then treated and dried as usual afterwards.

A blue color is obtained on both fiber components with good fastness properties.

Claims (3)

1. A process for the continuous application of liquid preparations to unfixed, block-dyed and possibly dried textile webs of cellulose fibers or their mixtures with polyester fibers by spraying using rotating liquid spray heads, characterized in that such preparations are sprayed onto the textile material via rotors, who work at a speed of 3000 to 7000 rpm and have a spray width of 5 to 20 cm per rotor. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as liquid preparations higher viscosity solutions based on soda water glasses, which have a degree of 37-50 ° Bé or a specific weight of 1.34 to 1.53, optionally in a mixture with other alkalis. 3. The method according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the fixing of the sprayed prints or block colorations is carried out within a period of 5 seconds to 24 hours depending on the strength of the alkalis added to the soda water glasses.