EP3011098B1 - Method for the controlled application of a dyeing liquor to a yarn, a yarn bundle, or a textile web - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a method for the controlled application of a liquid to a yarn, a yarn bundle or a textile web according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the DE 10 2011 053 872 A1 For example, a device is known with which to apply color pigments, dyes and other chemical liquids to textile materials. For this purpose, a textile web is moved along a path and deflected several times on its path over pulleys. The deflection is carried out such that the textile web is guided in mutually approximately parallel Laufwegabschnitten with mutually opposing directions of movement. The liquid to be applied to the textile web is distributed as droplets by a plurality of rotary disks in a plane of rotation over 360 ° circumferential angles, wherein a plurality of rotary disks lie next to one another across the width of the textile web. The rotary disks are arranged between the runway sections so that the droplets of the liquid are simultaneously applied to the unidirectional textile web section of the first runner section and to the other-direction textile web section of the second runner section. In this case, a rotary disk carries the liquid in each case on the same web side of the textile web, wherein a second liquid application is applied in the second Laufwegabschnitt via a first liquid application from the first Laufwegabschnitt. By means of continuous spraying by centrifuging the liquid during the transport of the textile web along the running path, a treatment or coloring of the textile web is achieved.

On their way the textile web is deflected several times, creating three running approximately parallel to each other Laufwegabschnitte. First rotary disks are arranged between the first and second runway sections and apply the liquid to the first web side; second rotary disks are arranged between the second and third runway sections and apply the liquid to the second web side. In the middle Laufwegabschnitt the liquid application can take place simultaneously on the first and the second web page.

As liquid, a dye liquor is proposed, which is kept ready in a storage tank and fed to the rotary disks via a metering pump. Excess dye liquor is collected in a drip pan and returned via a filter in the reservoir. The spray liquor provided in the storage container is mixed together according to the manufacturer's instructions, with hydrolysis losses occurring in terms of time of an e-function occurring as an example for many chemical reactions in the textile industry in the case of a reactive dye depending on the liquor temperature and the liquor consumption. The hydrolysis losses are greater over time, the higher the concentration of the fixing chemical. If a lower concentration of fixing chemicals is added to reduce the hydrolysis losses, the fixing time of the paint application is prolonged. The concentration of the fixing chemical added is thus a compromise between a necessary fixing time and the hydrolysis losses in the spray liquor.

True, in the DE 10 2011 053 872 A1 It is also proposed to apply the fixing chemical and the dye separately to the textile web, but with the device shown the application of paint is applied to one side of the web and the fixing chemical to the other side of the web. In order to achieve a good color result, the web must be heavily moistened from both sides.

From the EP 0 768 421 A1 a device with spray nozzles is known in which a dyeing liquor is used, which consists of a reactive dye and a alkaline acting agent in aqueous solution. The solutions are presented in separate containers and mixed before use in a buffer vessel containing a buffer. In this way, only a small amount of the dyeing liquor must be replaced when the device has stood still longer.

From the US 3,903,715 A a device for applying a dye liquor by means of rotary disks is known in which the plane of rotation of the rotating disks is parallel to the textile web.

The CH 612 229 A5 discloses an apparatus for producing flexible, foam-backed carpets. Via spray nozzles and a feeder, a polyurethane foam-forming chemical is applied to the back of a continuous length of the carpet. The chemically reacting components are fed via a distributor for the reaction mixture.

The invention has the object of developing a method of the generic type such that at low losses of a rotary disk to be applied reactive liquid uniform liquid application is achieved on a web with reduced fixing time.

The object is solved according to the characterizing features of claim 1.

The inventive method is generally applicable to webs, so not only in textile webs per se, but also in the dyeing or treatment of yarns, warp yarns, yarn sheets and the like. Before their processing into a textile web z. B. by binding of warp and weft threads. Yarn is understood here as a collective term for all linear textile structures. Thereafter, a yarn is analogous to a long, thin structure of one or more fibers. It is a textile intermediate, which too Woven, knitted, knitted and embroidered can be processed or used for sewing. Under textile web is understood as a woven or knitted fabric as well as non-woven goods, such. As knitted fabrics, terry cloth, nonwovens, carpets, fibers or the like. Textile material. As the material for yarns and textile webs, native or regenerated cellulose such as cotton, viscose, modal, cupro, protein fibers such as wool or silk, polyamide fibers such as polyamide 6, polyamide 6.6, or polyester, in particular polyethylene terephthalate can be used. Also suitable are mixtures of said fibers, for example mixtures of cotton, viscose, modal, polyester, polyamide.

According to the method of the invention, the spray liquor is mixed together just before being fed to a rotary plate. By "shortly before" is meant a period of time that is less than 6 minutes, especially less than 1 minute. This time can also be referred to as Sprühflottenaustauschzeit, within which the spray liquor is replaced in the reservoir and the entire piping system, so the entire volume of the feed system is replaced by continuous consumption and continuous new mixing to the rotating disks. Since the mixing of the mixing components and their mixing into a spray liquor takes place only shortly before the spray liquor is fed to the rotary disk, the hydrolysis losses in the spray liquor can be kept low, for example, in reactive dyestuffs. This opens up the possibility of metering in the fixing chemical significantly higher than in the case of a reactive dye, since the mixture is rapidly consumed and the hydrolysis losses in the spray liquor occurring in the short time are lower than in conventional processes in the prior art. The increased concentration of the fixing chemical leads to significantly lower fixing times z. In batch processes (with a residence at room temperature of 20 ° C to 35 ° C); the residence time of a textile web after the treatment can be reduced so far from about 16 hours to up to 4 hours.

The liquids used are suitable colorants, such as high affinity optical brighteners, dyes or pigments, such as reactive dyes, vat and indigo dyes, sulfur dyes, disperse dyes, direct dyes and, preferably, reactive dyes. In particular, reactive dyes having at least one, optionally two or three, reactive groups from the series vinylsulfone chlorotriazine, fluorotriazine, or difluoropyrimidine are advantageous. Examples of suitable dyes are Reactive Yellow 145, Reactive Yellow 176, Reactive Orange 107, Reactive Orange 131, Reactive Red 195, Reactive Red 239, Reactive Blue 250, Reactive Blue 19, Reactive Blue 21, Reactive Black 5.

The maximum volume of the spray liquor provided in the system for consumption is set such that it corresponds approximately to the sum of the volume of a reservoir of the spray liquor and the volumes of all supply lines to the rotating disks and all return lines to the reservoir. This system volume is z. B. for a device with two successive treatment zones, ie a rotation disk or a rotation bar between a first and a second Laufwegabschnitt and another rotation disk or another rotation bar between the second and a third Laufwegabschnitt between 8 to 15 liters, so that the system volume within a short time interval of less than 6 minutes, preferably consumed within 1 minute.

In order to ensure good moisture penetration / staining of the textile web, the threads, the warp yarns or a yarn bundle, it is provided to detect the degree of moisture of the textile web, preferably over its entire fabric width in the direction of the liquid application with a measuring device and depending on the detected moisture level, the volume flow adjust the supplied liquid.

Over the width of a textile web or a Garnschar several rotating disks are arranged side by side, wherein the overlap region of a spray area of the Rotary discs with the textile web or the yarn sheet is adjusted such that about 75% to 90% of the centrifugal spin-off liquid absorbed by the textile web and only the side of the web is thrown past liquid content is collected to return it to the spray liquor.

The liquid is supplied via an adjustable metering pump, the volume flow of the metering pump being adjusted as a function of the running speed of the textile web or the yarn bundle and the determined moisture penetration of the textile web or the yarn bundle.

It may be expedient to supply the textile web or the yarn bundle after a liquid application of a residence time at a defined product temperature for fixing the liquid application in a semi-continuous process. This is expedient after winding the web (textile web or yarn sheet) on a quay or a warp beam. In a continuous process, the web (textile web or yarn sheet) is fed to a liquid application of an intermediate drying. In this case, the web can be supplied to the spray application of reactive dyes for Fixierzeitverkürzung a continuous fixation preferably a steam or dry heat fixation.

It may be advantageous to tilt the plane of rotation of the centrifuged droplets of liquid against the direction of travel of the respective Laufwegabschnittes. The angle of inclination against the running direction of the textile web section can be adjusted to up to 10 °.

Suitably, a plurality of rotary disks are provided in a row next to each other in a treatment zone, wherein the immediately adjacent rotary disks are driven in opposite directions of rotation. It may be appropriate be to drive the rotating disks in the same directions. Advantageously, the rotation disks - in particular switchable - can be operated in the same or in opposite directions of rotation.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, which can also be used independently, provided for liquid distribution rotary disks are driven in a speed range of about 1,500 1 / min to about 2,900 1 / min, wherein the liquid supplied in the center of the rotating disk at a flow rate of about 2 cm ³ / s is set to about 17 cm ³ / s.

Essential for the penetration of the liquid droplets in a web such as a textile web, yarns or a Garnschar is the rotational speed of the rotary disk, wherein the rotational speed of the rotary disk, so the angular velocity is adjustable. On the one hand, the rotational speed of the rotating disk can be changed as a function of the viscosity of the supplied liquid; on the other hand, the rotational speed of the rotating disk can be set as a function of the volume flow of the liquid supplied to the rotating disk.

An advantageous rotation disk of the device is formed with a rising edge similar to a soup plate. In the rising edge extending grooves are formed from the plane of the rotary disk to the upper peripheral edge. The grooves are preferably aligned radially to the center of the rotating disk. Suitably, they are arranged such that they adjoin each other in the circumferential direction without gaps. By means of the grooves, the liquid film forming on the rotary disk will be divided into liquid streams in the area of the grooves. When crossing on the peripheral edge, a spray is formed, which is thrown off shortly after the trailing edge to form droplets.

According to the method of the invention, the fixing time is selected by adjusting the product temperature and by adjusting the proportion of fixing chemical when using a reactive dye.

Advantageously, a yarn bundle is supplied after a spray paint application with prereduced indigo of a continuous oxidation by an air passage, with a duration of 90 to 180 seconds, preferably 100 to 160 seconds.

Fig. 1

eine schematische Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens mit reduzierter Sprühflottenaustauschzeit,

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung des Verfahrens mit getrenntem Aufbringen der Farbstofflösung und einer Fixierchemikalie,

Fig. 3

eine grafische Darstellung der Fixierzeiten in Stunden über der Temperatur und in Abhängigkeit des eingestellten pH-Wertes durch die Fixierchemikalie,

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Darstellung einer Rotationsscheibe.

Further features of the invention emerge from the further claims, the description and the drawing, in which embodiments of the invention described in detail below are illustrated. Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic representation of the method according to the invention with reduced Sprühflottenaustauschzeit,

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of the method with separate application of the dye solution and a fixing chemical,

Fig. 3

a graphic representation of the fixing times in hours over the temperature and as a function of the adjusted pH value by the fixing chemical,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of a rotary disk.

In Fig. 1 is shown as a flexible web, a textile web 1, which is guided on a path 2 by a device 3 for applying a liquid, in particular for applying a dyeing solution or dye liquor. In the device 3, the textile web is guided over deflecting rollers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 in order to deflect the textile web 1 on each deflection roller in its running direction. The textile web 1 entering the embodiment horizontally is deflected vertically upwards on the first deflection roller 4, resulting in a first runway section 10. About the rollers 5 and 6, the textile web 1 is deflected down again, resulting in a second Laufwegabschnitt 11 results. The deflection rollers 7 and 8 deflect the textile web into another, vertical Laufwegabschnitt 12; via the guide roller 9, the textile web 1 exits from the device 3 again.

About the pulleys 4 to 9 thus a first run path section 10, a second run path section 11 and a third run path section 12 are formed in the device 3. The vertical Laufwegabschnitte 10, 11, 12 are at a horizontal distance from each other and are guided in the embodiment shown approximately parallel to each other.

Between the first Laufwegabschnitt 10 and the second Laufwegabschnitt 11, a rotary disk 13 is arranged, the axis of rotation 14 may be vertical. Between the first runway section 10 and the second runway section 11, a first treatment zone 15 is thus formed.

Accordingly, a second treatment zone 18 is formed between the second runway section 11 and the third runway section 12. In the second treatment zone 18, a second rotation disk 16 is provided, whose rotation axis 17 is also vertical.

The rotary disks 13 and 16 are respectively disposed between the raceway portions 10, 11 and 12 so as to be approximately midway between the raceway portions. The distance of the rotation axes 14 and 17 to the respective Laufwegabschnitten 10, 11 and 12 is approximately equal.

The Laufwegabschnitte 10, 11 and 12 have mutually opposite directions of rotation 19, 20 and 21, which is achieved by the multiple deflection of the textile web 1 on its path 2.

As a web, a yarn, a Garnschar 100 or the like. Ware can be treated in the device. It is provided to arrange over the width of a web several rotation disks 13 and 16 of the same training. In the first treatment zone 15, a beam with a plurality of rotating disks 13 is thus provided in a row next to each other, with immediately adjacent rotary disks be driven in opposite - or expediently in the same - directions of rotation. Accordingly, in the second treatment zone 18, a bar with a plurality of rotating disks 16 is provided. Over the width of a material web, that is to say a textile web 1 or a yarn bundle 100, the rotary disks of a beam form a spray area, wherein no spray chamber boundaries are provided between the rotary disks of a spray area or a rotor beam. The coverage area of a spray area of the rotary disks with the material web is set in such a way that about 75% to 90% of the liquid supplied to the rotary disks is taken up by the material web and the remaining liquid fraction is collected via lateral baffles 44 and returned via return lines 31. The first spray bar for the upwardly moving web section and the downwardly running web section already achieves a very uniform spraying over the web width. In this case, the pre-wetting effect is particularly advantageous due to the first spraying of the upwardly running web section and the subsequent spraying of the already moist web section, which now proceeds downwards, whereby an improved and uniform ink droplet penetration is achieved. The effect can be optimized by adjusting the dimensions of the rotor diameter, the distances from center to center of adjacent rotors as well as the distance between the material web and the rotor bar.

In the illustrated embodiment according to Fig. 1 are a first container 22 for a dye solution and a second container 23 for a fixing chemical, z. B. fixing alkali provided. Dye solution and fixing chemical are brought together via metering pumps 24, 25 in a defined mixing ratio just before a reservoir 26, fed to this and homogeneously mixed in the reservoir 26. From the reservoir 26, a further metering pump 27 withdraws the spray liquor 39 provided in the reservoir 26 and feeds it via feed lines 28 to the rotary disks 13 and 16. The supply lines 28 open above the rotary disks 13 and 16 in an injector 29, which at a small distance above the center 45 of a Rotation disc ends. The volumetric flow supplied by the metering pump 27 has an adjustable flow rate of about 2 cm ³ / s to about 17 cm ³ / s. The supply of the spray liquor to an injector takes place largely without pressure, preferably in such a way that almost no pressure is present, so that the liquid jet emerging from the injector 29 impinges on the rotating disk without being splashed. As a result, a uniform distribution of the supplied liquid in the plane of the rotary disk can be achieved, which is conducive to the uniform distribution of the spray liquor. By "depressurized" is also meant a low pressure which may be necessary to convey the spray liquor to the injector. Advantageously, the pressure is chosen so low that no splash occurs when the liquid jet impinges on the rotating rotating disk.

The rotary disks 13 and 16 rotate in a speed range of about 1,500 rpm to about 2,900 rpm, and the rotational speeds of the rotary disks 13 and 16 can be controlled in accordance with operating variables. Thus, the rotational speed of a rotary disk 13 or 16 can be adjusted as a function of the viscosity of the supplied liquid or else as a function of the size of the volume flow of the liquid supplied via the injector 29 in the center 45 of the rotary disk.

Via a rotary disk 13, 16, the supplied liquid is distributed as droplets, wherein the rotation disks release this aerosol from droplets over 360 ° in the treatment zone 15 or 18. Thus, the droplets of liquid from the rotary disk 13 are applied simultaneously in a plane of rotation 30 to the textile web section of the first running path section 10 running in one running direction 19 and to the textile web section of the second running path section 11 running in the other running direction 20. The second application of liquid in the second path segment 11 is applied via the first liquid application from the first path segment 10. The spray liquor 39 mixed together from the mixing components from the containers 22 and 23 only shortly before the storage container 26 The volume of the reservoir 26 is so dimensioned that it is not substantially larger than the system filling in the supply line 28 and the return line 31. The maximum Volume of the spray liquor 39 in the reservoir 26 is determined according to the consumption volume of all rotating disks of the device 3, which is consumed within a predetermined time window. This time window is dimensioned so that it corresponds to the replacement time of the spray liquor in the reservoir 26 and is less than 6 minutes, in particular less than 1 minute. This can ensure that after the merger of the mixed components and their mixture to a z. B. Reaktivsprühflotte the hydrolysis losses are kept low in the spray liquor. The spray liquor exchange time is less than 6 minutes, in particular it is less than 1 minute or in the range of 1 minute. This opens up the possibility of dosing the fixing chemical significantly higher than previously known in the case of a reactive dye, since the mixed spray liquor is rapidly consumed and the hydrolysis losses in the spray liquor occurring in this short time are lower than in conventional processes in the prior art. The increased proportion of fixing chemical leads to significantly lower fixing times of a web, z. B. a dyed textile web. The residence times or fixing times of a textile web after the treatment can be reduced at an ambient temperature of 20 ° from previously about 16 hours to up to 4 hours. This is in Fig. 3 shown.

In Fig. 3 the y-axis is given with the residence time t in hours; the x-axis represents the effective web temperature T in degrees Celsius. The fixative chemicals previously added to the spray liquor in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions led to a pH of 12.26 in the case of a customary fixing method for semi-continuous processes. This spray liquor, mixed according to the manufacturer's instructions, requires residence times (fixing times) of 10 to 16 hours, depending on the ambient temperature or the effective product temperature.

If, according to the process of the invention, the spray liquor is mixed shortly before use and the volume of the spray liquor is matched to the timely consumption, the fixing chemical (fixing alkali) in the spray liquor can be significantly increased. Even at an increase of 30% (pH 12.38), the fixation time drops by 3 hours at 20 ° C; a higher proportion of fixing chemical is added so that z. B. is given a pH of 12.69, the residence time of 6 hours at 20 ° can be lowered to 4 hours at 30 °. Compared to the hitherto known composition of the spray liquor 39, the fixing times can be reduced by up to 10 hours with little loss of color.

Advantageously, it is provided that the volume flow of the spray liquor 39 set by the metering pump 27 can be regulated in the flow, the volume flow of the metering pump 27 being set as a function of the running speed of the material web. Advantageously, the volume flow can be adjusted additionally or additionally according to the determined moisture penetration of the textile web, for which purpose the textile web at the outlet of the device 3 preferably has a measuring device 32 for measuring moisture, in particular over its entire product width.

It may be advantageous to tilt the rotation axis 14, 17 of a rotation disk 13, 16 against the direction of travel of the textile web section on the corresponding travel path section 10, 11 or 12; Preferably, a rotation disk is tilted such that the plane of rotation 30 of the liquid droplets thrown off is inclined relative to the running direction 19 of the respective travel path section 10, 11 and 12.

As in Fig. 1 are shown, below the arranged next to the web in the device 3 baffles 44 collecting gutters 33 and 36 are provided, which recirculate via the return line 31 trapped spray liquor 39 in the reservoir 26. In this case, the vote of the spray area of the rotary disks is made such that about 75% to about 90% of the supplied spray liquor received by the textile web 1 and the collected liquid fraction of 10% to 25% is recycled to the reservoir 26 respectively. The liquid thrown off the rotor disks outside the web is thus collected and returned.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 1 the web is referred to as a textile web 1; However, the inventive method is not only applicable to textile webs, but also in the dyeing or in the treatment of general yarns, warp yarns and a Garnschar or the like. Before their processing into a textile web z. B. by binding of warp and weft threads. Under textile web is understood as both a woven fabric or knit fabric as well as non-woven goods, such. As knitted fabrics, nonwovens, terry cloth, fibers or the like. Textile material. In the treatment of general yarns, warp yarns and the like. The yarns are usually supplied as Garnschar 100 of the device 3; Garnschare can consist of individual juxtaposed threads or layers of threads. Regardless of whether a textile web or a yarn bundle is dyed, there are similar advantages.

As a liquid example dye liquors, liquors consisting of optical brighteners and auxiliary chemicals, liquors from sizing agents for the treatment of warp yarns and liquors consisting of equipment chemicals for the function of textiles such. As plasticizers, refining, dispersions and emulsions proposed.

In the embodiment according to Fig. 2 FIG. 2 shows a biped process using 2 like devices 3 and 3a as shown in FIG Fig. 1 are shown. For identical parts, therefore, the same reference numerals are used.

The web of fabric present as a textile web 1 or yarn bundle 100 100 is deflected on a path 2 in the device 3, whereby in the first device 3 the are formed first and second treatment zones 15 and 18 and in the downstream device 3a further treatment zones 15a and 18a, which are associated with the rotary disks 13a and 16a. Between the two devices 3 and 3a, a treatment chamber 40 is provided, in which the web is repeatedly guided over several pulleys back and forth to the web z. B. to heat by a heater 41 in the treatment chamber 40 to a desired temperature. As a result, the fixing time can be further reduced without the spray liquor 39 itself having to be increased in temperature. This applies to a semi-continuous reactive cold dyeing (20 ° C to 35 ° C). The treatment chamber 40 can also be designed as a roller air passage for oxidation, provided that the device 3 is used to carry out continuous indigo, vat or sulfur dyeing by way of example. The treatment chamber 40 is designed as an intermediate dryer, if it is an example of a continuous reactive, indigo, vat, sulfur, dispersion, direct or acid color.

In the first treatment zone 15 of the first device 3, a first liquid of a first chemical composition is supplied to the rotary plate 13, so that a first web page of the textile web 1 z. B. is treated with a dye solution. In the downstream device 3a, in the further treatment zone 15a, a second liquid of a second chemical composition, namely a fixing alkali is supplied and applied to the same, first web side of the web. The first device 3 has a liquid feed separated from the second device 3a so that the dye solution of the device 3 does not contact the fixing alkali in the device 3a. Losses of dye or fixing alkali can be minimized, and conventional additions of high levels of salt (up to 280 g / l) in continuous processes can be dispensed with due to the non-contact application in the second device 3a.

In the illustrated embodiment according to Fig. 2 After the first treatment zone 15 in the first device 3 in a second treatment zone 18, the first liquid also applied to the second side of the product. The web is thus provided twice with a liquid order, so once on the first side of the goods (front) and once on the second side of the goods (back). In the further treatment zones in the second device 3a, the second liquid is likewise applied to both sides of the product. Thus, a web (eg textile web 1 or yarn bundle 100) is provided in the first device 3 on both sides of the product with a spray application of a liquid of a first chemical composition, the z. B. can be a paint job. In the second device 3a-optionally after an intermediate treatment in the treatment chamber 40 -the second spray application of a second liquid is applied to the first and the second fabric side of the fabric, wherein the liquid of the second spray application may be a fixing chemical. The liquid circuit of the first liquid in the first device and the liquid circuit of the second liquid in the second device are separated from each other, so that no interactions can occur. Preferably, a minimum system volume of each device 3, 3a between 8 to 15 liters is designed.

In the Fig. 4 illustrated rotary disk 13 has a flat plate 34 which carries a raised, rounded edge 35. The edge 35 terminates in a peripheral flange 37 with a trailing edge 47. The plane of the peripheral flange 37 is approximately parallel to the plane of the plate 34th

In the raised edge 35 radial grooves 38 are formed, each extending from the edge of the plate 34 to the edge of the peripheral flange 37. In the circumferential direction, the grooves form a kind of toothing; Groove 38 is adjacent groove 38 in the circumferential direction.

If liquid is supplied via an injector 29 when rotating disc 13 is rotating in the center 39, then it preferably occurs without splashing, in particular like an emulsion, on the plate 34 and, due to the rotation, is distributed as an emulsion which causes the Plate 34 covered as a thin layer of liquid surface. Due to the rotation of the plate 34, the emulsion in the edge region of the plate 34 enters the grooves 38, wherein the emulsion film is dissolved on the plate 34 in the region of the grooves 38 to individual liquid jets. At the upper peripheral flange 37, the grooves 38 end; the liquid contained in the grooves 38 exits on the peripheral flange 37 and is thrown off radially as a liquid jet (filament), whereby fine microdroplets preferably form shortly after the trailing edge 47, in particular in their vicinity. Depending on the viscosity of the supplied liquid and the amount of volume flow, the rotational speed of a rotary disk is adjusted so that an aerosol formed from droplets, which penetrates with defined depth of penetration into the web, ie the Garnschar or the textile web.

The process according to the invention generally permits, when applied to cellulosic fibers or cellulose fiber mixtures with reactive dyes, a far-reaching optimization of the process conditions. In particular, can be accelerated by increasing the amount of alkali and the fixing temperature of the fixing process and the residence time can be drastically reduced compared to the KKV method (block-cold-dwell method), z. For example, a fixation time of 2 or 5 hours could result from 8 to 24 hours fixation time at 20 ° C by increasing the fixation temperature to 35 ° C. In addition, since the pH value can be increased, the fixation time drops significantly below 2 or 5 hours. As a result, the productivity can be significantly increased even in Kleinmetragen, the process of the invention unlike the KKV process significantly less losses caused by hydrolysis of the reactive dyes. According to the method of the invention, the amount of alkali can preferably be increased in light to medium color depths by 30% to 200%, preferably by 100% compared to the usual recommendations in the KKV process, without comparable high losses occur by hydrolysis.

• Keine Wartungskosten durch Walzenwechsel oder das Abdrehen der Walzengummierungen;
• Keine Oberflächenbeschädigungen von Walzen durch unsachgemäße Benutzung;
• Keine schleichende Veränderung der Flottenaufnahme (Pick-up %) durch Silikatablagerungen;
• Keine mechanische Beanspruchung durch Quetschen der Ware beim Besprühen und damit keine Veränderung des Kapillarsystems der Ware;
• Kürzeste Flottenaustauschzeiten beim Sprühen durch geringe Systemfüllung (Austauschzeit < 1 min) und damit sehr geringe Tailingstrecke verursacht durch Hydrolyse;
• Keine Tailingstrecke durch Substantivität;
• Sehr hohe Fixierwerte durch höhere Konzentration des Fixieralkali;
• Der Verzicht auf Wasserglas in der Reaktivfärberei führt zu deutlich verbessertem Auswaschverhalten, keinen Ablagerungen an Walzen, Waschkästen und Abwasserkanälen;
• Keine Flottenerwärmung der Färbeflotte durch einlaufende heiße Ware;
• Kein Eintrag von Schmutz, Flusen oder Restchemikalien in die Färbeflotte;
• Deutlich reduzierte Restflottenmengen beim Farbwechsel im Abwasser (WB 3000 mm - 11 L bei der Sprüh-Färbetechnologie im Vergleich zum Foulardtrog mit 100 - 150 L pro Farbwechsel);
• Drastisch reduzierte Flottenaufnahme bei Färbeprozessen mit Zwischentrocknung oder Dämpferfixierung bei der Sprüh-Färbetechnologie (Energieeinsparung, Produktivitätssteigerung, Reduktion von Migration);
• Bei zweibadigen Kontinueverfahren kann salzfrei gefärbt werden;
• Bei Nass-in-Nass-Verfahren kann mit deutlich reduziertem Differenz pick-up gearbeitet werden.

A consideration of total operating costs and ecology as well as the objective comparability of the described dyeing techniques (padding application in a trough (KKV)) with the method according to the invention shows the following advantages for the method according to the invention:

• No maintenance costs due to roll change or turning off the roll rubbers;
• No surface damage of rollers due to improper use;
• No gradual change in liquor pickup (pick-up%) due to silicate deposits;
• No mechanical stress due to crushing of the goods when spraying and thus no change in the capillary system of the goods;
• Shortest liquor exchange times during spraying due to low system filling (replacement time <1 min) and thus very low tailing distance caused by hydrolysis;
• No tailing route through substantivity;
• Very high fixation values due to higher concentration of fixing alkali;
• The absence of water glass in the reactive dyeing leads to significantly improved washout, no deposits on rollers, wash boxes and sewers;
• No fleet warming of the dyeing liquor due to incoming hot goods;
• No entry of dirt, lint or residual chemicals into the dyeing liquor;
• Significantly reduced amounts of residual liquor during the color change in the wastewater (WB 3000 mm - 11 L in spray dyeing technology compared to the padder trough with 100 - 150 L per color change);
• Drastically reduced liquor pick-up in dyeing processes with intermediate drying or damper fixation in spray dyeing technology (energy saving, increased productivity, reduction of migration);
• In zweibadigen continuity process can be salt-free dyed;
• In wet-on-wet processes, it is possible to work with significantly reduced difference pick-up.

Expressed in general terms, with the method according to the invention, a liquid can be applied in a targeted and controlled manner to a material web which is moved along a travel path 2 in a device 3. The web undergoes deflection rollers 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, a multiple change of direction, wherein the web is guided in mutually approximately parallel Laufwegabschnitten 10, 11, 12 with mutually opposing directions of rotation 19, 20, 21. The controlled applied liquid is distributed between the Laufwegabschnitten 10, 11, 12 by a rotating disk 13, 16 in a plane of rotation 30 as droplets, the droplets of the liquid in a preferred manner simultaneously on the running in the one direction web portion of the first Laufwegabschnittes 10 and the running in the other direction web portion of the second Laufwegabschnittes 11 are applied. The second liquid application is applied in the second path segment 11 via the first spray application of the first liquid from the first path segment 10. In a first embodiment of the method according to the invention, the liquid supplied to a rotary disk 13, 16 is a spray liquor composed of mixing components, the mixing of the mixed components and their mixing into a spray liquor shortly before the supply of the spray liquor to the rotary disk 13 or 16 he follows. This can be achieved in that the mixing components are brought together shortly before the supply to the reservoir 26 and after mixing in the reservoir via short lines the rotor disks are supplied, so that a rapid consumption of the mixed spray liquor is achieved. This process may also be referred to as a "one-bath" process.

According to a development of the invention, a method for the controlled application of a liquid to a web can generally be specified in the sense of a "two-stranded" method, which can preferably be used for applying a dye liquor to a web and in particular for dyeing with indigo. The web is moved along a path 2 and passes on its path 2 via pulleys 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 a multiple change of direction, the web in a treatment zone 15, 18, for example, a first device 3 and in a treatment zone 15a, 18a, for example, a second device 3a in approximately mutually parallel Laufwegabschnitten 10, 10a, 11, 11a, 12, 12a with oppositely directed directions of rotation 19, 20, 21 is guided. The fluid to be applied is in each case distributed between the Laufwegabschnitten 10, 10a, 11, 11a, 12, 12a by rotating disks 13, 13a, 16, 16a in a plane of rotation 30 as droplets, wherein the droplets of liquid on a running in the one direction web portion of the first travel path section 10, 10a and in a running in the other direction web portion of the second Laufwegabschnittes 11, 11a are applied. In each case, the second liquid application in the second path segment is applied from the first path segment 10 via a first liquid application. According to the principle of the "two-stranded" process, it is now provided to supply a first liquid of a first chemical composition to a first treatment zone 15 and to apply it to a first product side of the product web, and in a further treatment zone 15a through a further rotation disk 13a a second one To supply liquid of a second chemical composition. This second liquid is applied in the further treatment zone 15a to the spray application from the first treatment zone 15, that is, to the same, first side of the goods web.

Advantageously, in the "two-bath" process in the first apparatus 3 after the first treatment zone 15 in a second treatment zone 18, the first liquid is also applied to the second fabric side of the fabric web. In the further device 3a, the second liquid is then applied to both sides of the product web in both further treatment zones 15a, 18a. As a result, in a single pass in a first device 3 z. B. a dye liquor applied to both sides of the web and applied in a downstream device 3a a fixing chemical on both sides of the fabric web, so that the spray application of the fixing chemical superimposed on the spray application of the dye liquor.

The spray liquor applied by the rotary disks can be used as a minimum application (eg 8% to 40% pick-up, in particular 15% to 40% based on the dry weight of the web) or as a high-moisture application (eg 40% to 130% pick -up based on the dry weight of the web) are executed. Thus, with the inventive method z. B. 20g spray liquor / m ² in a minimum order up to 325g spray liquor / m ² are applied in the maximum order.

This pick-up percentage range of the minimum order of 8% to 40% can not be achieved with known dipping methods and mechanical dewatering. The state of the padding technology necessary addition of water glass in Fixieralkali deleted by the novel process, which leads to higher process reliability, no deposits on machine parts due, brings a saving of chemicals and can contribute to reduced fixation with reduced energy consumption in the reactive wash , The web can only be moistened or heavily moistened by the characteristics and properties of the applied liquids with the spray liquor.

Claims (21)

1. Method for the controlled application of a liquor to a textile web (1), a yarn or a warp yarn sheet of yarns lying adjacent to one another,

   - wherein the textile web (1), the yarn or the warp yarn sheet (100) is moved along a running path (2) and the textile web (1), the yarn or the warp yarn sheet (100) performs a multiple change of direction on its running path (2) over deflection rollers (4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9),

   - wherein the textile web (1), the yarn or the warp yarn sheet (100) is guided in approximately parallel running path sections (10, 11, 12) with oppositely oriented running directions (19, 20, 21),

   - and the liquor is distributed in the form of droplets between the running path sections (10, 11, 12; 19, 20, 21) by a rotary disc (13, 16) in a rotation plane (30),

   - wherein the axis of rotation of a rotary disc is oriented in the running direction of the running path section,

   - wherein the droplets of the liquor are simultaneously applied to the textile web section, yarn or warp yarn sheet (100) of the first running path section (10) running in the one direction and to the textile web section, yarn or warp yarn sheet (100) of the second running path section (11) running in the other direction,

   - and wherein the second application of liquor in the second running path section (11) is applied via a first application of liquor from the first running path section (10),

   - wherein the liquor fed to the rotary disc (13, 16) is a spraying liquor (39),

   - and the spraying liquor (39) is composed of blend components, characterised in that

   - the bringing together of the blend components and their mixing to form a spraying liquor (39) precedes the feeding of the spraying liquor (39) to the rotary disc (13, 16) by a short time,

   - and in that the maximum volume of the mixed spraying liquor (39) is chosen approximately in accordance with the consumption volume of all rotary discs (13, 16) within a preset time window,

   - the time window being less than 6 minutes.
2. Method according to claim 1,
   characterised in that the time window is less than 1 minute.
3. Method according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterised in that the maximum volume of the spraying liquor (39) is set to be approximately equal to the sum from the volume of a reservoir (26) of the spraying liquor (39) and the volume of all supply lines (28) to the rotary discs (13, 16) and all return lines (31) to the reservoir (26).
4. Method according to any of claims 1 to 3,
   characterised in that, downstream of the liquor application in the running direction (19, 20, 21), the degree of moisture of the textile web (1) is detected by a measuring device (32) and the volumetric flow rate of the supplied liquor is set as a function of the detected degree of moisture.
5. Method according to any of claims 1 to 4,
   characterised in that several rotary discs (13, 16) are arranged side by side across the width of a textile web (1) or a warp yarn sheet (100) and the overlap area of a spraying area of the rotary discs (13, 16) with the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100) is set such that approximately 75% to 90% of the liquor fed to the rotary discs (13, 16) are absorbed by the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100) and the remaining share of the liquor is collected and returned to the spraying liquor (39).
6. Method according to any of claims 1 to 5,
   characterised in that the liquor is fed to the rotary discs (13, 16) via a metering pump (27) with controllable flow, and in that the volumetric flow rate of the metering pump (27) is set as a function of the running speed of the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100) and of the detected wetting of the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100).
7. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100) is directed to a dwell time at a defined fabric temperature for fixing the applied liquor after an application of liquor, preferably after winding onto a roll.
8. Method according to any of claims 1 to 6,
   characterised in that the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100) is directed to a fixation, in particular to a steam or dry heat fixation, after an application of liquor.
9. Method according to any of claims 1 to 8,
   characterised in that the liquor is applied to the textile web (1) or the warp yarn sheet (100) in the wet-on-wet process, wherein a difference of approximately 10% to 20%, preferably of approximately 15%, of the total liquor quantity to be applied is provided between a first spray application and a second spray application.
10. Method according to any of claims 1 to 9,
    characterised in that the rotational plane (30) of the flung droplets of the liquor is inclined against the running direction (19, 20, 21) of the respective running path section (10, 11, 12).
11. Method according to claim 10,
    characterised in that the angle of inclination against the running direction of the textile web section is set to up to 10°.
12. Method according to any of claims 1 to 11,
    characterised in that several rotary discs (13, 16) are arranged side by side in a row in a treatment zone (15, 18) and immediately adjacent rotary discs are driven in the same direction or in opposite directions of rotation.
13. Method according to any of claims 1 to 12,
    characterised in that the rotary disc is driven in a speed range of approximately 1500 rpm to approximately 2900 rpm, and in that the liquor supplied in the centre of the rotary disc is set to a flow rate of approximately 2.0 cm³/s to approximately 17 cm³/s.
14. Method according to any of claims 1 to 13,
    characterised in that the speed of the rotary disc (13, 16) is adjusted.
15. Method according to claim 14,
    characterised in that the speed of the rotary disc (13, 16) is adjusted as a function of the viscosity of the supplied liquor.
16. Method according to claim 14 or 15,
    characterised in that the speed of the rotary disc (13, 16) is adjusted as a function of the volumetric flow rate of the liquor fed to the rotary disc (13, 16).
17. Method according to any of claims 1 to 16,
    characterised in that the rotary disc (13) is designed with a rising rim (35) and grooves (38) which extend approximately radially from the plane of the rotary disc (13) to the upper rim edge (37) are formed in the rim (35).
18. Method according to claim 17,
    characterised in that the grooves (38) are arranged such that they adjoin one another gaplessly in the circumferential direction.
19. Method according to any of claims 1 to 18,
    characterised in that the liquor is a reactive dye and the fixing time is selected by setting the fabric temperature and by setting the proportion of fixing chemicals.
20. Method according to claim 1,
    characterised in that the liquor is a dye solution with in particular pre-reduced indigo, and in that the dye solution is sprayed onto the warp yarn sheet (100) and directed to a continuous oxidation by skying.
21. Method according to claim 20,
    characterised in that the oxidation by skying is preferably carried out in a treatment chamber (40) with a duration of approximately 90 to 180 seconds, in particular of 100 to 160 seconds.

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