EP0078208A1 - Device for fixing a bundle of tubes, especially for steam generators - Google Patents

Device for fixing a bundle of tubes, especially for steam generators Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0078208A1
EP0078208A1 EP82401940A EP82401940A EP0078208A1 EP 0078208 A1 EP0078208 A1 EP 0078208A1 EP 82401940 A EP82401940 A EP 82401940A EP 82401940 A EP82401940 A EP 82401940A EP 0078208 A1 EP0078208 A1 EP 0078208A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
fixing
rod
tubes
notches
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Granted
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EP82401940A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0078208B1 (en
Inventor
Yves Fournier
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Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA
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Novatome SA
Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA
Creusot Loire SA
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Application filed by Novatome SA, Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA, Creusot Loire SA filed Critical Novatome SA
Publication of EP0078208A1 publication Critical patent/EP0078208A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
    • F28F9/007—Auxiliary supports for elements
    • F28F9/013—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies
    • F28F9/0132—Auxiliary supports for elements for tubes or tube-assemblies formed by slats, tie-rods, articulated or expandable rods

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device for fixing a bundle of tubes wound in a vertical helix according to several coaxial cylindrical layers.
  • the invention is particularly applicable to the bundle of tubes of a steam generator.
  • the device for fixing the tubes must also allow a certain flexibility of the assembly of the tubes so that the expansions and the vibrations which can occur in these tubes do not cause abnormally high stresses.
  • the use of hot liquid sodium as a heat transfer fluid has the particularity of subjecting the structure of the steam generator to extremely violent thermal shocks due to the exceptionally high thermal conductivity of the liquid sodium.
  • the tubular bundle which constitutes the water-vapor circuit is thus subjected to dilations which can vary very suddenly over time as well as differences in expansion between the various elements which constitute it.
  • the tube bundle can also be subjected to vibrations due to the large circulation velocity of the liquid sodium around the tubes and of the water vapor inside the tubes.
  • the fastening devices take on a very great importance and are difficult to carry out because of the multiple and almost contradictory functions which they must fulfill, namely the precise positioning of the tubes, the damping of their vibrations, while allowing their expansion in several directions and avoiding excessive matting and wear.
  • the present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above.
  • the devices for fixing the tubes make only one connection which is approximately of the "ball joint" type.
  • the tube is required to keep a fixed position in space at the location of each fixing device, but it can have a certain rotational movement around this point. Consequently, the natural frequency of a portion of tube situated between two successive fixing devices is relatively low.
  • the excitation frequency which mainly results from the flow of sodium around the tube is relatively low, it is advantageous to fix the tube so that its natural frequency is as high as possible.
  • the present invention therefore aims, on the other hand, to create a tube fixing device which is such that the natural frequency of the tube is as high as possible.
  • the present invention therefore relates to a device for fixing a bundle of tubes wound in a helix in several coaxial cylindrical layers, comprising longitudinal rods provided with notches of cylindrical shape intended to receive each portion of tube corresponding to the same cylindrical layer, said rods being thus arranged between each layer of tubes so as to form several flat radial plies, elements for fixing the tubes on these rods being interposed between two consecutive rods of the same flat radial ply, each fixing element essentially comprising a part susceptible to cap two turns notched consecutively in the corresponding rod, the clamping of the tubes between the rod and the corresponding fixing element being carried out using a screw screwed in the rod and pressing on the element /fixation.
  • the fixing device is applied to the tube in an isostatic manner, the contact between the fixing device and the corresponding tube being made in three almost point areas spaced from each other.
  • the fixing device embeds the tube, which gives a more rigid connection than the "ball joint" connection, which increases the natural frequency of the tube.
  • said screw intended to create the clamping force of the tube is supported on the fixing element by a ball-type connection.
  • the cylindrical notches formed in the rod and in the fixing element have a radius of curvature slightly greater than that of the tubes.
  • FIG. 4 which is a view along a radial plane of a steam generator, a distinction is made between the set of tubes 3 arranged in two coaxial cylindrical layers 1, 2.
  • This Figure 4 is only a partial view, the entire bundle of tubes 3 is actually formed of a plurality of coaxial cylindrical layers extending over a certain length, in known manner.
  • the tube fixing device is mainly composed of rods 4, 5, 6 arranged longitudinally, between each cylindrical layer of tubes, and constituting, in the whole of the cylindrical bundle, several flat and radial plies.
  • the tubes 3 are each arranged in a corresponding cylindrical notch of the different rods 4, 5, 6.
  • fastening elements 7, 8, 9 also comprising notches intended to be fitted on the tubes are arranged on the other side of the corresponding rods and assembled to them by an appropriate clamping means.
  • the fastening elements 7, 8, 9 on the other hand have on their face opposite to the face which rests on the tubes 3 a form of longitudinal female slide in which the rods 4, 5, 6 are positioned corresponding to the next cylindrical layer. In this way all of the rods 4, 5, 6 form a rigid rigid flat sheet since each rod is linked to the previous one and to the next one by means of the interposed fixing elements.
  • This general arrangement of the device for fixing a bundle of tubes is known per se.
  • the present invention does not reside in this general arrangement but resides in an improvement to this fixing device which makes the latter particularly reliable and effective.
  • a clamping means 11 causes the force F which tends to bring the parts 8 and 4.
  • the clamping element here consists of a screw 11 whose head has a base 12 of spherical shape with radius R1 which comes to bear on a corresponding conical surface 13 of the fixing element 8.
  • the screw 11 exerts on the fixing element 8 a force F which remains constant in intensity and in direction whatever the exact position occupied by the fixing element 8 and the screw 11, the fixing element 8 thus behaves like a lifter which distributes the force F equally over the two turns of the tube 3.
  • the rod 4 of the notches 16 of cylindrical shape intended to receive the tube 3 these notches 16 having a radius R 2 slightly greater than the radius R of the tube 3, and on the other hand the notches formed on the fixing element 8 consist of flat surfaces 17 at the point of contact 14 on which are joined laterally, tangentially concave cylindrical surfaces 18, 19, on both sides , and of radius R3 slightly greater than the radius R of the tube 3.
  • the centers of radii of curvature of the faces 18 and 19 are spaced by a distance d equal to the width d of the planar surface 17.
  • the planar surfaces 17 lie in a plane which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube bundle.
  • FIG. 3 Another aspect of the invention resides in the position of the contact points 14 and 15 relative to a longitudinal direction of the tube 3, which is visible in particular in FIG. 3.
  • the fixing device is seen. tubes in a BB section. Tube 3 is in rolled in the bundle and the radius of curvature R4 of this winding is very large.
  • the contact zone between the tube 3 and the fixing element 8 is not established on a generator of the surface 17 but on a quasi-point central zone 14, and on the other hand, for the same reason, the contact zone between the tube 3 and the notch 16 of the rod 4 is not established on a generator but on two almost point zones 15 of the lateral parts of the rod 4.
  • each tube 3 is held in a fixing device according to three almost point contact zones 14-15, two zones 15 separated by a certain distance e being located on the face of the tube 3 in the direction of the center of the beam, and the zone 14 being diametrically opposite the zones 15 and situated in a middle position. In this way, whatever the movements or vibrations of the tube 3, the points of contact between this tube and the fastening elements remain relatively well defined and localized, and all risks of excessive matting or deformation of the tube are eliminated.
  • this arrangement creates a support recess, increasing the natural bending frequencies of the tubes. Tests show that this device increases the natural frequency of the tube by about 20%, which consequently increases by about 50% the damping factor, compared to a fixing device creating a support at two points which creates a connection of type "ball joint".
  • the invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, on the contrary it includes all the variant embodiments thereof. It can be applied to any installation other than steam generators, in which a bundle of helically wound tubes must be fixed under good conditions.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Supports For Pipes And Cables (AREA)
  • Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
  • Mutual Connection Of Rods And Tubes (AREA)

Abstract

Dispositif de fixation d'un faisceau de tubes (3) enroulés en hélice suivant plusieurs couches cylindriques coaxiales comprenant des tiges longitudinales (4) munies d'encoches de forme cylindrique concave (16) destinées à recevoir chaque portion de tube (3) correspondant à la même couche cylindrique, lesdites tiges (4) étant disposées ainsi entre chaque couche de façon à former plusieurs nappes radiales planes, des éléments de fixation (8) des tubes sur ces tiges étant intercalés entre deux tiges consécutives d'une même nappe radiale plane, chaque élément de fixation (8) comprenant essentiellement une pièce (8) susceptible de coiffer deux spires encochées consécutivement dans la tige correspondante, dispositif caractérisé par le fait qu'il maintient le tube par pincement de façon isostatique, le contact entre le dispositif (4, 8) et le tube (3) correspondant étant localisés sur trois zones (14, 15) du tube quasi ponctuelles espacées les unes des autres. Application au support d'un faisceau de tubes de générateurs de vapeur du type sodium-eau.Device for fixing a bundle of tubes (3) wound in a helix according to several coaxial cylindrical layers comprising longitudinal rods (4) provided with notches of concave cylindrical shape (16) intended to receive each portion of tube (3) corresponding to the same cylindrical layer, said rods (4) being thus disposed between each layer so as to form several planar radial plies, fastening elements (8) of the tubes on these rods being interposed between two consecutive rods of the same planar radial ply , each fixing element (8) essentially comprising a part (8) capable of covering two turns notched consecutively in the corresponding rod, device characterized in that it maintains the tube by pinching isostatically, the contact between the device ( 4, 8) and the corresponding tube (3) being located on three zones (14, 15) of the quasi-point tube spaced from one another. Application to the support of a bundle of sodium-water type steam generator tubes.

Description

La présente invention concerne un dispositif de fixation d'un faisceau de tubes enroulés en hélice verticale suivant plusieurs couches cylindriques coaxiales. L'invention est applicable notamment au faisceau de tubes d'un générateur de vapeur.The present invention relates to a device for fixing a bundle of tubes wound in a vertical helix according to several coaxial cylindrical layers. The invention is particularly applicable to the bundle of tubes of a steam generator.

Dans un faisceau de tubes enroulés en hélice verticale suivant plusieurs couches cylindriques coaxiales, il est nécessaire de disposer des éléments de support des tubes destinés au maintien en position de ces tubes de façon à maintenir un espace régulier entre deux spires consécutives d'une même couche et entre deux spires appartenant à deux couches consécutives, tout en limitant les possibilités de déplacement angulaire des couches les unes par rapport aux autres.In a bundle of tubes wound in a vertical helix in several coaxial cylindrical layers, it is necessary to have tube support elements intended to hold these tubes in position so as to maintain a regular space between two consecutive turns of the same layer and between two turns belonging to two consecutive layers, while limiting the possibilities of angular displacement of the layers with respect to each other.

Le dispositif de fixation des tubes doit permettre d'autre part une certaine souplesse de l'ensemble des tubes de façon que les dilatations et les vibrations qui peuvent se produire dans ces tubes ne provoquent pas des contraintes anormalement élevées.The device for fixing the tubes must also allow a certain flexibility of the assembly of the tubes so that the expansions and the vibrations which can occur in these tubes do not cause abnormally high stresses.

On connaît déjà des dispositifs de fixation de tubes tels que décrits précédemment, et en particulier on connaît un dispositif de fixation qui fait l'objet du brevet français n° 2.304.048 du 12 Mars 1975. Cependant, ces dispositifs connus ne présentent pas toutes les garanties de précision et de fiabilité en ce qui concerne la force de serrage de chaque tube et la localisation exacte du point de contact réel entre le dispositif de fixation et le tube, entrainant ainsi une précision insuffisante quant à la connaissance du comportement dynamique du tube ainsi que son degré de matage au niveau des dispositifs de fixation. En fait, les dispositifs connus pour la fixation d'un faisceau de tubes présentent les inconvénients précédemment cités principalement lorsque le faisceau de tubes constitue le circuit secondaire d'un générateur de vapeur du type sodium-eau. En effet, dans ce cas, l'utilisation de sodium liquide chaud en tant que fluide caloporteur présente la particularité de soumettre la structure du générateur de vapeur à des chocs thermiques extrêmement violents du fait de la conductibilité thermique exceptionnellement grande du sodium liquide. Le faisceau tubulaire qui cors- titue le circuit eau-vapeur est ainsi soumis à des dilatations pouvant varier très brutalement dans le temps ainsi qu'à des différences de dilatation entre les différents éléments qui le constituent. Le faisceau de tubes peut être d'autre part soumis à des vibrations du fait de la circulation à grande vitesse du sodium liquide autour des tubes et de la vapeur d'eau à l'intérieur des tubes. Dans ces conditions, les dispositifs de fixation prennent une importance très grande et sont délicats à réaliser du fait des fonctions multiples et presque contradictoires qu'ils doivent remplir, à savoir le positionnement précis des tubes, l'amortissement de leurs vibrations, tout en autorisant leur dilatation dans plusieurs directions et en évitant un matage et une usure trop importants.There are already known tube fixing devices as described above, and in particular there is known a fixing device which is the subject of French Patent No. 2,304,048 of March 12, 1975. However, these known devices do not all have guarantees of precision and reliability with regard to the clamping force of each tube and the exact location of the real point of contact between the fixing device and the tube, thus resulting in insufficient precision as to the knowledge of the dynamic behavior of the tube as well as its degree of matting at the level of the fixing devices. In fact, the known devices for fixing a bundle of tubes have the drawbacks mentioned above mainly when the bundle of tubes constitutes the secondary circuit of a sodium-water type steam generator. Indeed, in this case, the use of hot liquid sodium as a heat transfer fluid has the particularity of subjecting the structure of the steam generator to extremely violent thermal shocks due to the exceptionally high thermal conductivity of the liquid sodium. The tubular bundle which constitutes the water-vapor circuit is thus subjected to dilations which can vary very suddenly over time as well as differences in expansion between the various elements which constitute it. The tube bundle can also be subjected to vibrations due to the large circulation velocity of the liquid sodium around the tubes and of the water vapor inside the tubes. Under these conditions, the fastening devices take on a very great importance and are difficult to carry out because of the multiple and almost contradictory functions which they must fulfill, namely the precise positioning of the tubes, the damping of their vibrations, while allowing their expansion in several directions and avoiding excessive matting and wear.

La présente invention vise à pallier les inconvénients précédemment cités.The present invention aims to overcome the drawbacks mentioned above.

D'autre part, dans les faisceaux tubulaires existants, les dispositifs de fixation des tubes ne réalisent qu'une liaison qui est approximativement du type "rotule". Le tube est astreint à garder une position fixe dans l'espace à l'endroit de chaque dispositif de fixation, mais il peut avoir un certain mouvement de rotation autour de ce point. En conséquence, la fréquence propre d'une portion de tube située entre deux dispositifs de fixation successifs est relativement basse. Afin de limiter les vibrations dans les tubes, il est nécessaire d'éloigner la fréquence propre du tube de la fréquence d'excitation. Or, dans la pratique, comme la fréquence d'excitation qui provient principalement de l'écoulement du sodium autour du tube est relativement basse, il est avantageux de fixer le tube de façon que sa fréquence propre soit la plus élevée possible. La présente invention vise donc, d'autre part, à créer un dispositif de fixation de tube qui soit tel que la fréquence propre du tube soit la plus élevée possible.On the other hand, in existing tubular bundles, the devices for fixing the tubes make only one connection which is approximately of the "ball joint" type. The tube is required to keep a fixed position in space at the location of each fixing device, but it can have a certain rotational movement around this point. Consequently, the natural frequency of a portion of tube situated between two successive fixing devices is relatively low. In order to limit the vibrations in the tubes, it is necessary to move the natural frequency of the tube away from the excitation frequency. However, in practice, as the excitation frequency which mainly results from the flow of sodium around the tube is relatively low, it is advantageous to fix the tube so that its natural frequency is as high as possible. The present invention therefore aims, on the other hand, to create a tube fixing device which is such that the natural frequency of the tube is as high as possible.

La présente invention concerne donc un dispositif de fixation d'un faisceau de tubes enroulés en hélice suivant plusieurs couches cylindriques coaxiales,comprenant des tiges longitudinales munies d'encoches de forme cylindrique destinées à recevoir chaque portion de tube correspondant à la même couche cylindrique, lesdites tiges étant disposées ainsi entre chaque couche de tubes de façon à former plusieurs nappes radiales planes, des éléments de fixation des tubes sur ces tiges étant intercalés entre deux tiges consécutives d'une même nappe radiale plane, chaque élément de fixation comprenant essentiellement une pièce susceptible de coiffer deux spires encochées consécutivement dans la tige correspondante, le pinçage des tubes entre la tige et l'élément de fixation correspondant étant réalisé à l'aide d'une vis vis- de sée dans la tige et s'appuyant sur l'élément/fixation.The present invention therefore relates to a device for fixing a bundle of tubes wound in a helix in several coaxial cylindrical layers, comprising longitudinal rods provided with notches of cylindrical shape intended to receive each portion of tube corresponding to the same cylindrical layer, said rods being thus arranged between each layer of tubes so as to form several flat radial plies, elements for fixing the tubes on these rods being interposed between two consecutive rods of the same flat radial ply, each fixing element essentially comprising a part susceptible to cap two turns notched consecutively in the corresponding rod, the clamping of the tubes between the rod and the corresponding fixing element being carried out using a screw screwed in the rod and pressing on the element /fixation.

Selon une caractéristique essentielle de l'invention, le dispositif de fixation est appliqué sur le tube de façon isostatique, le contact entre le dispositif de fixation et le tube correspondant s'effectuant en trois zones quasi ponctuelles espacées les unes des autres. Dans ces conditions, on remarque que le dispositif de fixation réalise un encastrement du tube, ce qui donne une liaison plus rigide que la liaison "rotule", ce qui augmente la fréquence propre du tube.According to an essential characteristic of the invention, the fixing device is applied to the tube in an isostatic manner, the contact between the fixing device and the corresponding tube being made in three almost point areas spaced from each other. Under these conditions, we note that the fixing device embeds the tube, which gives a more rigid connection than the "ball joint" connection, which increases the natural frequency of the tube.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, ladite vis destinée à créer l'effort de pinçage du tube s'appuie sur l'élément de fixation par une liaison de type rotule.According to another characteristic of the invention, said screw intended to create the clamping force of the tube is supported on the fixing element by a ball-type connection.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, les encoches de forme cylindrique ménagées dans la tige et dans l'élément de fixation ont un rayon de courbure légèrement supérieur à celui des tubes.According to another characteristic of the invention, the cylindrical notches formed in the rod and in the fixing element have a radius of curvature slightly greater than that of the tubes.

Selon une autre caractéristique de l'invention, après le vissage approprié de la vis de serrage, il est prévu une immobilisation en rotation de cette vis par un matage d'une partie defaible épaisseur de l'élément de fixation provoquant ainsi le sertissage de cette partie sur une zone périphérique crantée de la tête de la vis.According to another characteristic of the invention, after the appropriate tightening of the clamping screw, provision is made for immobilization in rotation of this screw by knocking down a portion of small thickness of the fastening element thus causing the crimping of this part on a notched peripheral zone of the head of the screw.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention apparaîtront lors de la description détaillée de l'exemple de réalisation qui va suivre, donné à titre illustratif mais non limitatif, en se référant aux figures annexées.Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will appear on reading the detailed description of the embodiment which follows, given by way of illustration but not limitation, with reference to the appended figures.

  • La figure 1 représente une vue en coupe A-A d'un dispositif de fixation conforme à l'invention.Figure 1 shows a sectional view A-A of a fixing device according to the invention.
  • La figure 2 représente une vue de dessus du même dispositif de fixation.Figure 2 shows a top view of the same fixing device.
  • La figure 3 représente une coupe B-B de la figure 1.FIG. 3 represents a section B-B of FIG. 1.
  • La figure 4 représente une portion d'un ensemble d'éléments de fixation disposés en nappes radiales.FIG. 4 represents a portion of a set of fastening elements arranged in radial plies.
  • La figure 5 est une vue suivant C-C de la figure 4.FIG. 5 is a view along C-C of FIG. 4.

Sur la figure 4 qui est une vue selon un plan radial d'un généra- un teur de vapeur, on distingue/ensemble de tubes 3 disposés selon deux couches 1, 2, cylindriques coaxiales. Cette figure 4 n'est qu'une vue partielle, le faisceau entier de tubes 3 est formé en réalité d'une pluralité de couches cylindriques coaxiales s'étendant sur une certaine longueur, de façon connue. Le dispositif de fixation des tubes est composé principalement de tiges 4, 5, 6 disposées longitudinalement, entre chaque couche cylindrique de tubes, et constituant, dans l'ensemble du faisceau cylindrique, plusieurs nappes planes et radiales. Les tubes 3 sont disposés chacun dans une encoche cylindrique correspondante des différentes tiges 4, 5, 6. D'autre part, des éléments de fixations 7, 8, 9 comportant eux aussi des encoches destinées à venir s'adapter sur les tubes sont disposés de l'autre côté des tiges correspondantes et assemblés à elles par un moyen de serrage approprié. Les éléments de fixation 7, 8, 9 ont d'autre part sur leur face opposée à la face qui s'appuie sur les tubes 3 une forme de glissière femelle longitudinale dans laquelle vient se positionner les tiges 4, 5, 6 correspondant à la couche cylindrique suivante. De cette façon l'ensemble des tiges 4, 5, 6 forme une nappe plane rigide raidale puisque chaque tige est liée à la précédente et à la suivante par l'intermédiaire des éléments de fixation interposés. Cette disposition générale du dispositif de fixation d'un faisceau de tubes est connu en soi. La présente invention ne réside pas dans cette disposition générale mais réside dans un perfectionnement à ce dispositif de fixation qui rend ce dernier particulièrement fiable et efficace.In FIG. 4 which is a view along a radial plane of a steam generator, a distinction is made between the set of tubes 3 arranged in two coaxial cylindrical layers 1, 2. This Figure 4 is only a partial view, the entire bundle of tubes 3 is actually formed of a plurality of coaxial cylindrical layers extending over a certain length, in known manner. The tube fixing device is mainly composed of rods 4, 5, 6 arranged longitudinally, between each cylindrical layer of tubes, and constituting, in the whole of the cylindrical bundle, several flat and radial plies. The tubes 3 are each arranged in a corresponding cylindrical notch of the different rods 4, 5, 6. On the other hand, fastening elements 7, 8, 9 also comprising notches intended to be fitted on the tubes are arranged on the other side of the corresponding rods and assembled to them by an appropriate clamping means. The fastening elements 7, 8, 9 on the other hand have on their face opposite to the face which rests on the tubes 3 a form of longitudinal female slide in which the rods 4, 5, 6 are positioned corresponding to the next cylindrical layer. In this way all of the rods 4, 5, 6 form a rigid rigid flat sheet since each rod is linked to the previous one and to the next one by means of the interposed fixing elements. This general arrangement of the device for fixing a bundle of tubes is known per se. The present invention does not reside in this general arrangement but resides in an improvement to this fixing device which makes the latter particularly reliable and effective.

En se reportant maintenant aux figures 1, 2 et 3 nous allons voir en détail un exemple de réalisation qui comporte les perfectionnements qui font l'objet de la présente invention.Referring now to Figures 1, 2 and 3 we will see in detail an embodiment which includes the improvements which are the subject of the present invention.

Les conditions très spéciales dans lequelles fonctionne un générateur de vapeur de type sodium-eau et qui ont été rappelées précédemment, sont telles qu'un dispositif de fixation de tubes qui, en d'autres circonstances, serait considéré comme une pièce secondaire est dans le cas présent une pièce importante qui relève d'une technologie délicate.The very special conditions under which a sodium-water type steam generator operates and which have been recalled previously, are such that a tube fixing device which, in other circumstances, would be considered as a secondary part is in the present case an important piece that is a delicate technology.

En se référant à la figure 1, on distingue deux spires consécutives du tube 3 appartenant à la même couche cylindrique du faisceau de tubes, ce tube 3 étant pincé entre la tige 4 qui s'étend longitudinalement dans le faisceau tubulaire, et l'élément de fixation 8. Un moyen de serrage 11 provoque la force F qui tend à rapprocher les pièces 8 et 4. L'élément de serrage est ici constitué d'une vis 11 dont la tête comporte une embase 12 de forme sphérique de rayon R1 qui vient s'appuyer sur une surface conique correspondante 13 de l'élément de fixation 8. De cette façon, la vis 11 exerce sur l'élément de fixation 8 un effort F qui reste constant en intensité et en direction quelle que soit la position exacte qu'occupent l'élément de fixation 8 et la vis 11, l'élément de fixation 8 se comporte ainsi comme un palonnier qui répartit de façon égale la force F sur les deux spires du tube 3. En fait, comme l'élément de fixation 8 comporte une rainure 10 qui est engagée dans une tige 5 suivante, il s'ensuit que l'élément de fixation 8 a une position exacte dans l'espace qui est imposé par la position de la tige 5 dans laquelle il est engagé, et la vis 11 ne doit pas imposer elle-même une position précise à l'élément de fixation 8 puisque cet élément de fixation a sa position imposée par la tige 5. La liaison du type rotule 12 de la vis 11 avec l'élément de fixation 8 répond bien à cette condition et établit en conséquence un montage qui est isostatique. La fixation des tubes 3 n'est fiable que si l'on sait à l'avance déterminer la position exacte des points de contact du tube avec ses éléments de support. Dans notre cas, les points de contact entre le tube et ses éléments de support ont été choisis diamètralement opposés 14, 15, ce qui est la disposition la plus rationnelle. Pour éviter tout matage anormal du tube 3 au niveau des points de contact 14, 15, les surfaces d'appui des pièces 4 et 8 avec le tube 3 arrivent en contact avec le tube tangentiellement. De cette façon, la contrainte au niveau du contact du tube 3 décroît progressivement entre le centre de la surface de contact 14 ou 15 et sa périphérie. Pour réaliser ces contacts entre deux surfaces tangentes, il est réalisé d'une part dans la tige 4 des encoches 16 de forme cylindrique destinées à recevoir le tube 3, ces encoches 16 ayant un rayon R 2 légèrement supérieur au rayon R du tube 3, et d'autre part les encoches formées sur l'élément de fixation 8 sont constituées de surfaces planes 17 au niveau du point de contact 14 sur lesquelles viennent se raccorder latéralement, tangentiellement des surfaces cylindriques concaves 18, 19, de part et d'autre, et de rayonR3 légèrement supérieur au rayon R du tube 3. Afin de créer une continuité dans la courbure des encoches de l'élément de fixation 8, les centres de rayons de courbure des faces 18 et 19 sont espacés d'une distance d égale à la largeur d de la surface plane 17. On peut remarquer que les surfaces planes 17 se trouvent dans un plan qui est parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du faisceau tubulaire.Referring to Figure 1, there are two consecutive turns of the tube 3 belonging to the same cylindrical layer of the tube bundle, this tube 3 being pinched between the rod 4 which extends longitudinally in the tube bundle, and the element fixing 8. A clamping means 11 causes the force F which tends to bring the parts 8 and 4. The clamping element here consists of a screw 11 whose head has a base 12 of spherical shape with radius R1 which comes to bear on a corresponding conical surface 13 of the fixing element 8. In this way, the screw 11 exerts on the fixing element 8 a force F which remains constant in intensity and in direction whatever the exact position occupied by the fixing element 8 and the screw 11, the fixing element 8 thus behaves like a lifter which distributes the force F equally over the two turns of the tube 3. In fact, like the element of fixing 8 has a groove 10 which is engaged in a next rod 5, it follows that the fixing element 8 has an exact position in the space which is imposed by the position of the rod 5 in which it is engaged, and the screw 11 must not itself impose a precise position on the fixing element 8 since this fixing element in its position imposed by the rod 5. The connection of the ball-joint type 12 of the screw 11 with the fixing element 8 meets this condition well and consequently establishes an assembly which is isostatic. The attachment of the tubes 3 is only reliable if it is known in advance how to determine the exact position of the points of contact of the tube with its support elements. In our case, the contact points between the tube and its support elements have been chosen diametrically opposite 14, 15, which is the most rational arrangement. To avoid any abnormal matting of the tube 3 at the contact points 14, 15, the bearing surfaces of the parts 4 and 8 with the tube 3 come into contact with the tube tangentially. In this way, the stress at the contact of the tube 3 decreases progressively between the center of the contact surface 14 or 15 and its periphery. To make these contacts between two tangent surfaces, it is made on the one hand in the rod 4 of the notches 16 of cylindrical shape intended to receive the tube 3, these notches 16 having a radius R 2 slightly greater than the radius R of the tube 3, and on the other hand the notches formed on the fixing element 8 consist of flat surfaces 17 at the point of contact 14 on which are joined laterally, tangentially concave cylindrical surfaces 18, 19, on both sides , and of radius R3 slightly greater than the radius R of the tube 3. In order to create continuity in the curvature of the notches of the fixing element 8, the centers of radii of curvature of the faces 18 and 19 are spaced by a distance d equal to the width d of the planar surface 17. It can be noted that the planar surfaces 17 lie in a plane which is parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube bundle.

Sur la figure 2, on voit en vue extérieure le dispositif de fixation des tubes, ce dispositif représenté est celui correspondant aux tubes 3 qui sont enroulés hélicoldalement avec un pas à gauche. Dans les générateurs de vapeur de ce type, il est fréquent d'alterner des couches de tubes cylindriques coaxiales enroulées hélicoidalement à droite et à gauche. Dans ce cas, les encoches ménagées dans les tiges 4, 5, 6 et les éléments de fixation 7, 8, 9 sont inclinés par rapport à l'axe longitudinal de la tige d'un angle positif ou négatif égal à l'angle correspondant de l'hélice à pas à gauche ou à droite.In Figure 2, we see in external view the tube fixing device, this device shown is that corresponding to the tubes 3 which are wound helically with a pitch to the left. In steam generators of this type, it is frequent to alternate layers of coaxial cylindrical tubes wound helically to the right and to the left. In this case, the notches in the rods 4, 5, 6 and the fastening elements 7, 8, 9 are inclined relative to the longitudinal axis of the rod by a positive or negative angle equal to the corresponding angle left or right pitch propeller.

Un autre aspect de l'invention réside dans la position des points de contact 14 et 15 par rapport à une direction longitudinale du tube 3, ce qui est visible en particulier sur la figure 3. Sur cette figure 3, on voit le dispositif de fixation des tubes selon une coupe B-B. Le tube 3 est enroulé dans le faisceau et le rayon de courbure R4 de cet enroulement est très grand. De ce fait la zone de contact entre le tube 3 et l'élément de fixation 8 ne s'établit pas sur une génératrice de la surface 17 mais sur une zone quasi ponctuelle centrale 14, et d'autre part, pour la même raison, la zone de contact entre le tube 3 et l'encoche 16 de la tige 4 ne s'établit pas sur une génératrice mais sur deux zones quasi ponctuelles 15 des parties latérales de la tige 4. Pour que la zone de contact 15 ne s'établisse pas sur une arête de la tige 4 qui risquerait de mater de façon exces= sive le tube 3, les extrémités 20 de l'encoche cylindrique 16 sont légèrement évasées. De cette manière, chaque tube 3 est maintenu dans un dispositif de fixation selon trois zones de contact quasi ponctuelles 14-15, deux zones 15 séparées d'une certaine distance e étant situées sur la face du tube 3 en direction du centre du faisceau, et la zone 14 étant diamètralement opposée aux zones 15 et située dans une position médiane. De cette façon, quels que soient les mouvements ou les vibrations du tube 3, les points de contact entre ce tube et 'les éléments de fixation restent relativement bien définis et localisés, et tous risques de matage excessif ou de déformation du tube sont écartés. D'autre part, cette disposition crée un encastrement à l'appui, augmentant les fréquences propres de flexion des tubes. Des essais montrent que ce dispositif accroît de 20 % environ la fréquence propre du tube, ce qui accroît en conséquence de 50 % environ le facteur d'amortissement, par rapport à un dispositif de fixation créant un appui en deux points qui crée une liaison de type "rotule".Another aspect of the invention resides in the position of the contact points 14 and 15 relative to a longitudinal direction of the tube 3, which is visible in particular in FIG. 3. In this FIG. 3, the fixing device is seen. tubes in a BB section. Tube 3 is in rolled in the bundle and the radius of curvature R4 of this winding is very large. As a result, the contact zone between the tube 3 and the fixing element 8 is not established on a generator of the surface 17 but on a quasi-point central zone 14, and on the other hand, for the same reason, the contact zone between the tube 3 and the notch 16 of the rod 4 is not established on a generator but on two almost point zones 15 of the lateral parts of the rod 4. So that the contact zone 15 does not not establish on an edge of the rod 4 which would risk matting excessively = sive the tube 3, the ends 20 of the cylindrical notch 16 are slightly flared. In this way, each tube 3 is held in a fixing device according to three almost point contact zones 14-15, two zones 15 separated by a certain distance e being located on the face of the tube 3 in the direction of the center of the beam, and the zone 14 being diametrically opposite the zones 15 and situated in a middle position. In this way, whatever the movements or vibrations of the tube 3, the points of contact between this tube and the fastening elements remain relatively well defined and localized, and all risks of excessive matting or deformation of the tube are eliminated. On the other hand, this arrangement creates a support recess, increasing the natural bending frequencies of the tubes. Tests show that this device increases the natural frequency of the tube by about 20%, which consequently increases by about 50% the damping factor, compared to a fixing device creating a support at two points which creates a connection of type "ball joint".

Dans un souci de rendre le système le plus fiable possible, on peut prévoir d'immobiliser la vis de serrage après le montage définitif, pour cela on peut prévoir sur cette vis des crans périphériques 21, et sur la pièce 8, une partie cylindrique déformable 22 située au voisinage de la périphérie de la tête de vis, cette partie 22 étant destinée à être matée en vue de s'incruster dans les crans 21 de la tête de la vis.In order to make the system as reliable as possible, provision can be made to immobilize the clamping screw after final assembly, for this it is possible to provide peripheral screws 21 on this screw, and on part 8, a deformable cylindrical part. 22 located in the vicinity of the periphery of the screw head, this part 22 being intended to be matted in order to become embedded in the notches 21 of the head of the screw.

L'invention n'est pas limitée à l'exemple de réalisation qui vient d'être décrit, elle en comporte au contraire toutes les variantes de réalisation. Elle peut s'appliquer à toute installation autre que des générateurs de vapeur, dans lesquelles un faisceau de tubes enroulés hélicoldalement doit être fixé dans de bonnes conditions.The invention is not limited to the embodiment which has just been described, on the contrary it includes all the variant embodiments thereof. It can be applied to any installation other than steam generators, in which a bundle of helically wound tubes must be fixed under good conditions.

Claims (9)

1.- Dispositif de fixation d'un faisceau de tubes enroulés en hélice verticale suivant plusieurs couches cylindriques coaxiales,comprenant des tiges longitudinales munies d'encoches de forme cylindrique concave destinées à recevoir chaque portion de tube correspondant à la même couche cylindrique, lesdites tiges étant disposées ainsi entre chaque couche de façon à former plusieurs nappes radiales planes, des éléments de fixation des tubes sur ces tiges étant intercalés entre deux tiges consécutives d'une même nappe radiale plane, chaque élément de fixation comprenant essentiellement une pièce susceptible de coiffer deux spires encochées consécutivement dans la tige correspondante, dispositif caractérisé par le fait qu'il maintient le tube par pincement de façon isostatique, le contact entre le dispositif et le tube correspondant étant localisés sur trois zones du tube quasi ponctuelles espacées les unes des autres.1.- Device for fixing a bundle of tubes wound in a vertical helix according to several coaxial cylindrical layers, comprising longitudinal rods provided with concave cylindrical notches intended to receive each portion of tube corresponding to the same cylindrical layer, said rods being thus arranged between each layer so as to form several flat radial plies, elements for fixing the tubes on these rods being interposed between two consecutive rods of the same flat radial ply, each fixing element essentially comprising a part capable of covering two turns notched consecutively in the corresponding rod, device characterized in that it maintains the tube by pinching in an isostatic manner, the contact between the device and the corresponding tube being located on three zones of the quasi-point tube spaced apart from each other. 2.- Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 1, caractérisé par le fait que le pinçage des tubes entre la tige et l'élément de fixation correspondant est réalisé à l'aide d'une vis 11 vissée dans la tige et s'appuyant sur l'élément de fixation par l'intermédiaire d'une liaison de type rotule 12.2. A fixing device according to claim 1, characterized in that the clamping of the tubes between the rod and the corresponding fixing element is carried out using a screw 11 screwed into the rod and pressing on the fixing element by means of a ball-type link 12. 3.- Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 2, caractérisé par le fait que la tête de la vis 11 a une forme sphérique 12 qui vient s'appuyer sur une surface conique 13 tangente à la surface sphérique de la tête de la vis de façon que le contact entre la vis et l'élément de fixation 8 ne s'établisse toujours que sur une surface limitée quasiment à un cercle, quel- de le que soit la position exacte de l'élément/fixation.3. A fixing device according to claim 2, characterized in that the head of the screw 11 has a spherical shape 12 which comes to rest on a conical surface 13 tangent to the spherical surface of the head of the screw so that the contact between the screw and the fixing element 8 is always established only on a surface limited almost to a circle, whatever the exact position of the element / fixing. 4.- Dispositif de fixation selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé par le fait que les encoches de forme cylindrique 16 de la tige 4 ont un rayon légèrement supérieur à celui des tubes, de façon que le contact entre le tube et la tige ne s'établisse toujours que sur deux surfaces 15 quasiment ponctuelles.4. Fastening device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the cylindrical notches 16 of the rod 4 have a radius slightly greater than that of the tubes, so that the contact between the tube and the rod is always established only on two almost point-like surfaces 15. 5.- Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 4, caractérisé par le fait que lesdites encoches 16 de forme cylindrique ménagées dans la tige 4 sont évasées au voisinage des parties latérales 20 de la tige de façon que les deux contacts quasiment ponctuels entre la tige et le tube ne s'établisse pas sur l'arête latérale de la tige mais sur une zone 15 légèrement en retrait.5. A fixing device according to claim 4, characterized in that said notches 16 of cylindrical shape formed in the rod 4 are flared in the vicinity of the lateral parts 20 of the rod so that the two almost punctual contacts between the rod and the tube is not established on the lateral edge of the rod but on a slightly recessed area 15. 6.- Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé par le fait que l'élément de fixation comporte, afin de coiffer les deux spires consécutives du tube 3, deux encoches espacées, ces encoches comprenant une surface plane 17 d'appui sur la spire correspondante, cette surface plane étant parallèle à l'axe longitudinal du faisceau tubulaire, de façon que le contact entre l'élément de fixation 8 et le tube ne s'établisse toujours que selon une surface quasiment ponctuelle 14 opposée aux deux surfaces de contact 15 du tube avec la tige 4 et située sensiblement entre ces deux surfaces 15.6. A fixing device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that the fixing element comprises, in order to cover the two consecutive turns of the tube 3, two spaced notches, these notches comprising a flat surface 17 bearing on the corresponding turn, this flat surface being parallel to the longitudinal axis of the tube bundle, so that the contact between the fastening element 8 and the tube is always established only on an almost punctual surface 14 opposite the two contact surfaces 15 of the tube with the rod 4 and situated substantially between these two surfaces 15. 7.-Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 6, caractérisé par le fait que la surface plane 17 d'appui de l'élément de fixation 8 sur la spire correspondante du tube 3 est prolongée de chaque côté par des surfaces cylindriques concaves 18, 19, ces surfaces concaves étant telles qu'elles ne peuvent jamais entrer en contact avec le tube correspondant.7. A fixing device according to claim 6, characterized in that the flat surface 17 of support of the fixing element 8 on the corresponding turn of the tube 3 is extended on each side by concave cylindrical surfaces 18, 19 , these concave surfaces being such that they can never come into contact with the corresponding tube. 8.- Dispositif de fixation selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par le fait que les surfaces cylindriques concaves 18, 19 constituant les encoches de l'élément de fixation 8 ont un rayon légèrement supérieur au rayon du tube.8. A fixing device according to claim 7, characterized in that the concave cylindrical surfaces 18, 19 constituting the notches of the fixing element 8 have a radius slightly greater than the radius of the tube. 9.- Dispositif de fixation selon l'une quelconque des revendications 2 à 8,
caractérisé par le fait que la tête de la vis de serrage 11 comporte des crans périphériques 21 et que l'élément de fixation comporte, au voisinage de la périphérie de la tête de vis, une partie cylindrique déformable 22 destinée à être matée en vue de s'incruster dans les crans 21 de la tête de vis pour l'immobiliser après vissage définitif de cette vis lors du montage de l'ensemble du faisceau.9. A fixing device according to any one of claims 2 to 8,
characterized by the fact that the head of the clamping screw 11 comprises peripheral notches 21 and that the fixing element comprises, in the vicinity of the periphery of the screw head, a deformable cylindrical part 22 intended to be stamped in order to become embedded in the notches 21 of the screw head to immobilize it after final screwing of this screw during assembly of the entire beam.
EP82401940A 1981-10-23 1982-10-22 Device for fixing a bundle of tubes, especially for steam generators Expired EP0078208B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8119981A FR2515331A1 (en) 1981-10-23 1981-10-23 DEVICE FOR FIXING A BEAM OF TUBES, IN PARTICULAR FOR A STEAM GENERATOR
FR8119981 1981-10-23

Publications (2)

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EP0078208A1 true EP0078208A1 (en) 1983-05-04
EP0078208B1 EP0078208B1 (en) 1984-08-29

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EP82401940A Expired EP0078208B1 (en) 1981-10-23 1982-10-22 Device for fixing a bundle of tubes, especially for steam generators

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US (1) US4756278A (en)
EP (1) EP0078208B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS58160704A (en)
DE (1) DE3260636D1 (en)
FR (1) FR2515331A1 (en)

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EP0143432A2 (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-06-05 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société Anonyme dite: Device for suspending a bundle of horizontal tubes in a vertical plane, and manufacturing process therefor
US4665866A (en) * 1985-09-04 1987-05-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Grid-type flow distribution baffle
FR2652639A1 (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-04-05 Clark Maurice Magnetic anti-vibration elements for the tubes of heat exchanger tube bundles
EP0895028A1 (en) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-03 Abb Research Ltd. Ceramic lining
DE10036211A1 (en) * 2000-07-25 2002-02-07 Rolls Royce Deutschland Combustion chamber shingle for aviation gas turbine has plate-form base component with hole for threaded bolt with head fixed in recess by clamping connection formed by deformation of edge section of head recess or bolt head
KR100798570B1 (en) * 2000-07-24 2008-01-28 비브콤 인코포레이티드 System and method for indexing, searching, identifying, and editing portions of electronic multimedia files

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GB8916375D0 (en) * 1989-07-18 1989-09-06 Radders Limited Heat exchangers
US5012767A (en) * 1989-10-03 1991-05-07 Leighton Industries, Inc. Heat exchanger tube spacers
US5154139A (en) * 1990-05-14 1992-10-13 Norton Company Refractory tube block
US5136985A (en) * 1991-09-12 1992-08-11 Deltak Corporation Boiler tube support
US5762032A (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-06-09 Combustion Engineering, Inc. Field adjustable boltless stirrup
US7089887B1 (en) * 2005-07-01 2006-08-15 Mcclure Mark W Water wall fit up tool

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FR2336621A1 (en) * 1975-12-22 1977-07-22 Fives Cail Babcock Tube support for heat exchanger bundle - comprises transversal cross-ties with notches top and bottom for holding tubes

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0143432A2 (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-06-05 STEIN INDUSTRIE Société Anonyme dite: Device for suspending a bundle of horizontal tubes in a vertical plane, and manufacturing process therefor
EP0143432A3 (en) * 1983-11-25 1985-11-27 Stein Industrie Societe Anonyme Dite: Device for suspending a bundle of horizontal tubes in a vertical plane, and manufacturing process therefor
US4665866A (en) * 1985-09-04 1987-05-19 Westinghouse Electric Corp. Grid-type flow distribution baffle
FR2652639A1 (en) * 1989-10-02 1991-04-05 Clark Maurice Magnetic anti-vibration elements for the tubes of heat exchanger tube bundles
EP0895028A1 (en) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-03 Abb Research Ltd. Ceramic lining
US6145452A (en) * 1997-07-28 2000-11-14 Abb Research Ltd. Ceramic lining
KR100798570B1 (en) * 2000-07-24 2008-01-28 비브콤 인코포레이티드 System and method for indexing, searching, identifying, and editing portions of electronic multimedia files
DE10036211A1 (en) * 2000-07-25 2002-02-07 Rolls Royce Deutschland Combustion chamber shingle for aviation gas turbine has plate-form base component with hole for threaded bolt with head fixed in recess by clamping connection formed by deformation of edge section of head recess or bolt head

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US4756278A (en) 1988-07-12
JPS58160704A (en) 1983-09-24
FR2515331B1 (en) 1983-12-02
DE3260636D1 (en) 1984-10-04
FR2515331A1 (en) 1983-04-29
EP0078208B1 (en) 1984-08-29

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