EP0073201B1 - Schmelzsicherung - Google Patents

Schmelzsicherung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0073201B1
EP0073201B1 EP81903232A EP81903232A EP0073201B1 EP 0073201 B1 EP0073201 B1 EP 0073201B1 EP 81903232 A EP81903232 A EP 81903232A EP 81903232 A EP81903232 A EP 81903232A EP 0073201 B1 EP0073201 B1 EP 0073201B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
wire
ferrite
strips
insulating
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81903232A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0073201A1 (de
Inventor
Manuel Alexandre Vincent De Araujo
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT81903232T priority Critical patent/ATE18320T1/de
Publication of EP0073201A1 publication Critical patent/EP0073201A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0073201B1 publication Critical patent/EP0073201B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/38—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc
    • H01H2085/386—Means for extinguishing or suppressing arc with magnetic or electrodynamic arc-blowing

Definitions

  • the subject of the present invention is a fuse comprising a metal wire capable of being destroyed by fusion, in particular in the event of an overcurrent.
  • Fuses are overcurrent protection devices that have been used for a very long time. When the installation or device to be protected is capable of withstanding an overcurrent for a short time, such fuses constitute safe protection. With the increasingly widespread use of electronic circuits, the components of which are unable to withstand high overcurrents, even for very short periods, it has been found that such fuses are not always capable of providing sufficient protection. circuits. This is the case, for example, of data processing circuits connected to transmission lines exposed to overvoltages of atmospheric origin.
  • the best fuses known to date for protecting such installations are silver wire fuses under a glass tube, the wire possibly being tensioned by a spring so as to ensure an immediate rupture of the arc which forms at the time of wire break.
  • Patent GB-A-619,239 describes a fuse comprising an elongated insulating support (C) and two terminals (D, E) between which is disposed a conductive wire (A) capable of being destroyed by fusion in the event of overcurrent; the fi), conductor is placed in a magnetic field created by a magnet (B), an insulating part separating the magnet (B) and the wire (A).
  • patent FR-A-2080321 describes a fuse circuit breaker in which the fusible wire is placed in an elongated breaking chamber near which is placed a magnet producing a magnetic field to blow out the arc caused during the opening of the fuse wire.
  • the breaking chamber (12) is made of an insulating material whose walls separate the fusible wire (15) and the magnets (40). Similarly, in patent FR-A-1 022 741, a fusible wire (3) is separated from a magnetic circuit (42) by insulating cheeks (5a, 5b).
  • the object of the present invention is to ensure, by means as simple as possible, the extinction by an effective blowing of this arc.
  • This object is achieved by the solution claimed in claim 1.
  • the means serving as permanent magnet also serve as mechanical support and wall of extinguishing chamber.
  • the means serving as a permanent magnet are magnetized in the direction of their thickness so as to reduce their size.
  • the magnetic field is produced over the entire length of the fusible wire to increase the mechanical force produced on the wire and ensure the blowing of the arc whatever the point of breaking of the wire; the magnetic field is produced over a sufficient width on either side of the fusible wire to allow a significant elongation of the arc and to accelerate its blowing.
  • the fuse according to the invention consists of an elongated support made of ferrite magnetized in the direction of its thickness and on which a non-ferromagnetic conductive-fuse wire is disposed between two terminals.
  • LAPLACE law when the wire is traversed by a current, in one direction or the other, it is subjected to a force perpendicular to the wire and parallel to the plane of support in ferrite and this force is proportional to the product of the current and the magnetic field. It should be noted that this force acts on any moving electric charge, that is to say also on the electric arc liable to form at the point of breaking of the wire.
  • This force not only has the effect of magnetically blowing the electric arc, but of accelerating the breaking of the wire at its weakening point by fusion and of accelerating the spacing of the strands at the breaking point, i.e. - say to reduce the time during which an arc is likely to form.
  • the fuse consists of two flexible ferrite bands, made of ferrite powder bonded by an elastomer, fixed at a short distance from each other by means of two insulating bars, the fuse wire being housed between the two ferrite bands.
  • the quality of electrical insulation of the ferrites makes it possible to produce a very thin air gap in which the magnetic field is high.
  • the transverse blowing effect of the arc prevents projections of conductive material on the nearby ferrite walls, projections which would tend to prolong the existence of the arc.
  • the part of the insulating bars located between the ferrite strips is preferably provided with teeth, in the manner of a comb, so as to form slots forming transverse cooling and extinguishing chambers in which the arc is fragmented and magnetically blown. It is also possible to connect these chambers with the outside through holes which extend them through the insulating bars. If you want to avoid metallic projections outwards through this hole, these can be covered with an adhesive tape.
  • the use of multiple transverse cooling and extinguishing chambers in connection with the magnetic blowing allows a considerable elongation of the arc path for a given transverse dimension of the device, while the multiple cooling chambers of the prior art, not associated with magnetic blowing, allow only fractionation and limited expansion of the molten material. This produces a fast fuse with very high breaking capacity.
  • the teeth forming the transverse walls of the cooling chambers also serve as an intermediate mechanical support for the fusible wire, the wire being pinched between the opposite teeth.
  • the terminals can be produced in different ways, for example by rings or by magnetic plugs pinching the ends of the wire.
  • Figure 1 simultaneously illustrates the principle of the invention and the simplest embodiment thereof.
  • a silver wire 2 On a ferrite plate 1 magnetized in the direction of its thickness so as to have poles N on its lower face and S on its upper face, is fixed a silver wire 2 by means of two metal rings 3 and 4 which constitute the fuse terminals.
  • the wire 2 has, for example, a diameter of 0.1 mm and a length of 30 mm. According to LAPLACE's law, when this wire is traversed by a current I, it is subjected to a force F under the effect of the magnetic field H.
  • the fuse consists of two flexible strips 5 and 6 made of ferrite powder bound by an elastomer, which is found on the maché under the name of PLASTOFERRITE. These strips are magnetized in the direction of their thickness and attract each other. They are fixed face to face and kept apart from one another in the thickness direction by means of two insulating bars 7 and 8 profiled in T.
  • the strip 5 is fixed to the bars 7 and 8 by gluing, while that the strip 6 is simply magnetically retained by the strip 5 so as to remain removable.
  • the legs 70 and 80 of the T-profiles ensure the spacing of the two magnetic strips, spacing defining the thickness of a housing 90 in which the silver wire 9 is disposed.
  • the transverse dimension of the housing 90 is defined by the spacing of the legs 70 and 80.
  • the wire 9 is fixed and galvanically connected to two terminals which can be executed for example as shown in FIG. 3 in which each terminal is constituted by a metal flange 10 whose ends 10a and 10b are folded around each of the insulating bars 7 and 8, the end of the wire 9 being folded under the flange.
  • the end of the wire 9 could also be welded to the flange.
  • the upper magnetic strip allows easy recharging of the fuse.
  • the ends of the wire 9 are fixed by pinching between two magnetized metal parts 11 and 12 simultaneously constituting plugs closing the ends of the fuse and contact terminals.
  • FIG. 2 it will also be possible to pinch the wire 9 between two metal plates glued respectively on the upper face of the strip 5 and on the lower face of the strip 6.
  • metals will be used non ferromagnetic, preferably diamagnetic.
  • the ferrite strips may for example have a length of 50 mm over a width of 10 mm and a thickness of 1.8 mm with an air gap of 1.5 mm.
  • insulating bars 13 and 14 are provided of teeth 15 and 16 engaging between the ferrite strips 6 and 7, these teeth forming two combs the teeth of which are located one opposite the other, the slots 17 and 18 formed between the teeth constituting chambers cooling and extinguishing of the arc.
  • the legs and teeth of the bars 13 and 14 have a sufficient length so that the silver wire 9 is moreover mechanically held between these teeth, which enables it to withstand mechanical shocks more easily without risk of breaking. It has in fact been observed that the fuse wires according to the prior art have broken by simple mechanical stress at their point of attachment.
  • FIG. 7 illustrates an example of connection according to which the wire is folded in a slot 24 of one of the bars and under a metal ring 25.
  • FIG. 8 Such an embodiment is shown in FIG. 8, as a variant of the embodiment according to FIGS. 5 and 6, in which the armature consists of a sheet 26 of soft iron folded back in a U. With this armature it has been possible to measure a magnetic field of 1200 to 1300 Gauss against a field of 500 to 650 Gauss without armature. The forces acting in this case on wire and arc are relatively very high.
  • the fuse according to the invention has a very high breaking capacity and ensures almost absolute protection of delicate components by its high cutting speed, it is easy to manufacture, it can be rechargeable and even cleanable.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)

Claims (8)

1. Sicherung mit einem langgestreckten Träger und zwei Klemmen (3, 4), zwischen welchen ein Leitungsdraht (9) angeordnet ist, der bei Überstrom durch Schmelzung zerstörbar ist und der in einem Magnetfeld angeordnet ist, welches von einem Magneten erzeugt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der langgestreckte Träger (1) mindestens teilweise aus Ferrit besteht und in Richtung seiner Dicke magnetisiert ist und daß der Leitungsdraht (9) zwischen den Klemmen (3, 4) auf dem Träger angeordnet ist.
2. Sicherung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der langgestreckte Träger zwei Ferritbänder (5, 6) aufweist, welche durch zwei Halteschienen (7, 8) aus isolierendem Material zusammengefügt und im Abstand gehalten sind.
3. Sicherung nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Ferritbänder (5, 6) aus biegsamen Bändern bestehen.
4. Sicherung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das eine (5) der Ferritbänder durch Klebung an den isolierenden Halteschienen befestigt ist, während das andere Band (6) magnetisch durch Anziehung durch das geklebte Band (5) gehalten ist.
5. Sicherung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Teil (70, 80) der isolierenden Halteschienen, welcher zwischen den Ferritbändern (5, 6) angeordnet ist, mit Zähnen (15, 16) versehen ist, welche Öffnungen (17, 18) bestimmen, die Löschkammern für den elektrischen Lichtbogen bilden.
6. Sicherung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Draht zwischen den zwei Zahnreihen (15, 16) der zwei isolierenden Halteschienen eingeklemmt ist.
7. Sicherung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Boden der Öffnungen (17, 18) mit dem Äußeren über ein Loch (19) in Verbindung steht, welches in Verlängerung der Öffnung angeordnet ist.
8. Sicherung nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Außenseiten der Ferritbänder (5, 6) durch eine ferromagnetische Armatur (26) verbunden sind.
EP81903232A 1980-11-25 1981-11-23 Schmelzsicherung Expired EP0073201B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81903232T ATE18320T1 (de) 1980-11-25 1981-11-23 Schmelzsicherung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8024971A FR2494901A1 (fr) 1980-11-25 1980-11-25 Dispositif de protection a fil fusible
FR8024971 1980-11-25

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0073201A1 EP0073201A1 (de) 1983-03-09
EP0073201B1 true EP0073201B1 (de) 1986-02-26

Family

ID=9248324

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81903232A Expired EP0073201B1 (de) 1980-11-25 1981-11-23 Schmelzsicherung

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US4514716A (de)
EP (1) EP0073201B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH0117216B2 (de)
BE (1) BE891223A (de)
CA (1) CA1171442A (de)
DK (1) DK147089C (de)
ES (1) ES8301064A1 (de)
FR (1) FR2494901A1 (de)
IT (1) IT1139838B (de)
SU (1) SU1170979A3 (de)
WO (1) WO1982001961A1 (de)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012012570U1 (de) 2012-05-11 2013-06-26 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung, insbesondere Hochvoltschmelzsicherung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012207912A1 (de) 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung, insbesondere Hochvoltschmelzsicherung für ein Kraftfahrzeug

Families Citing this family (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2625604B1 (fr) * 1988-01-04 1990-05-04 Vincent De Araujo Manuel Dispositif de protection a fusible
GB2461024B (en) * 2008-06-16 2012-06-13 Converteam Technology Ltd Fuses
US20100141375A1 (en) * 2008-12-09 2010-06-10 Square D Company Trace fuse with positive expulsion
FR2972845B1 (fr) 2011-03-17 2016-05-06 Mersen France Sb Sas Procede de fabrication d'un fusible, methode de mise en oeuvre de ce procede, et fusible equipe de moyens de controle de l'environnement electromagnetique
DE102013213949A1 (de) * 2013-07-16 2015-02-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Sicherung mit Trennelement
US9552951B2 (en) 2015-03-06 2017-01-24 Cooper Technologies Company High voltage compact fusible disconnect switch device with magnetic arc deflection assembly
US9601297B2 (en) 2015-03-23 2017-03-21 Cooper Technologies Company High voltage compact fuse assembly with magnetic arc deflection
US10854414B2 (en) 2016-05-11 2020-12-01 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited High voltage electrical disconnect device with magnetic arc deflection assembly
US10636607B2 (en) 2017-12-27 2020-04-28 Eaton Intelligent Power Limited High voltage compact fused disconnect switch device with bi-directional magnetic arc deflection assembly
DE102018118247B3 (de) * 2018-07-17 2019-09-19 Borgwarner Ludwigsburg Gmbh Thermische Sicherung

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US659671A (en) * 1900-04-21 1900-10-16 Gen Electric Magnetic blow-out or fuse-box.
US685766A (en) * 1901-03-25 1901-11-05 Noble Jones Magnetic fuse cut-out.
GB197620A (en) * 1922-11-10 1923-05-17 Switchgear And Cowans Ltd Improvements in or relating to electric fuses
FR815875A (fr) * 1936-04-04 1937-07-24 Fusible électrique perfectionné
US2426523A (en) * 1943-01-14 1947-08-26 Burndy Engineering Co Inc Current limiter
GB619239A (en) * 1946-11-01 1949-03-07 Heinrich Muller Improvements in or relating to electric fuses or cut-outs
FR1022741A (fr) * 1950-08-02 1953-03-09 Perfectionnement aux coupe-circuits à fusibles
US3613040A (en) * 1970-02-09 1971-10-12 Vapor Corp High-voltage temperature switch

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202012012570U1 (de) 2012-05-11 2013-06-26 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung, insbesondere Hochvoltschmelzsicherung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012207912A1 (de) 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung, insbesondere Hochvoltschmelzsicherung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102013208656A1 (de) 2012-05-11 2013-11-14 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung, insbesondere Hochvoltschmelzsicherung für ein Kraftfahrzeug
DE102013208656B4 (de) * 2012-05-11 2015-07-02 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung zur Verwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE102012207912B4 (de) * 2012-05-11 2015-11-12 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung zur Verwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug
DE102013022355B3 (de) * 2012-05-11 2018-02-15 Audio Ohm Di Tonani Caterina & C. S.R.L. Schmelzsicherung zur Verwendung in einem Kraftfahrzeug

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57501902A (de) 1982-10-21
DK330682A (da) 1982-07-23
EP0073201A1 (de) 1983-03-09
US4514716A (en) 1985-04-30
FR2494901B1 (de) 1983-02-25
JPH0117216B2 (de) 1989-03-29
IT8125263A0 (it) 1981-11-24
SU1170979A3 (ru) 1985-07-30
FR2494901A1 (fr) 1982-05-28
ES508011A0 (es) 1982-11-16
WO1982001961A1 (en) 1982-06-10
DK147089C (da) 1984-09-10
BE891223A (fr) 1982-03-16
ES8301064A1 (es) 1982-11-16
IT1139838B (it) 1986-09-24
CA1171442A (en) 1984-07-24
DK147089B (da) 1984-04-02

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