EP0070347A1 - Heat treating apparatus - Google Patents

Heat treating apparatus Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0070347A1
EP0070347A1 EP81810293A EP81810293A EP0070347A1 EP 0070347 A1 EP0070347 A1 EP 0070347A1 EP 81810293 A EP81810293 A EP 81810293A EP 81810293 A EP81810293 A EP 81810293A EP 0070347 A1 EP0070347 A1 EP 0070347A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
load
tank
oven
cooling tank
cooling
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81810293A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Pierre Beuret
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Michel Sperisen Equipements Industriels
Original Assignee
Michel Sperisen Equipements Industriels
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Michel Sperisen Equipements Industriels filed Critical Michel Sperisen Equipements Industriels
Priority to EP81810293A priority Critical patent/EP0070347A1/en
Publication of EP0070347A1 publication Critical patent/EP0070347A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C21D1/773—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material under reduced pressure or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • C21D1/64—Quenching devices for bath quenching with circulating liquids

Definitions

  • the oven is lifted above the cooling tank and the elevator is brought to the high position, in which the loading platform emerges from the cooling tank.
  • the load to be treated is then deposited on this tray, then the oven lowered onto the cooling tank.
  • the loading plate is shaped so as to constitute a plug closing the inlet of the oven so as to be able to create a vacuum there.
  • the elevator is brought to the low position, so as to immerse the load in the cooling tank.
  • the oven is again lifted above the cooling tank and the elevator raised to the high position to remove the treated load from the installation, which is ready to receive a new one.
  • the invention aims to create a heat treatment installation as simple and space-saving as possible, but avoiding the drawbacks of known installations.
  • the partition with which the oven is provided in accordance with the characteristic of claim 1, the latter may only be open while the load passes.
  • the loads can be supported in the installation by a conventional grid giving free access to the underside of the load for a working atmosphere stirred in the heating chamber of the oven.
  • the coolant is oil and if the grid supporting the load is supported in the oven by the elevator during the heating phase, the quantity of oil adhering to the part of the latter which is located in the oven is negligible; it has, in fact, no face oriented so as to retain an appreciable quantity of oil.
  • the special embodiments defined by claim 2 are particularly advantageous in that they allow the loading and unloading of the installation without having to lift the oven above the cooling tank. Such an installation can therefore be mounted in a room just a little higher than the sum of the heights of the oven and the cooling tank.
  • Claim 3 defines a means as simple as it is clever to use part of the cooling tank alternately for the introduction of the charges, their quenching and their removal from the installation.
  • claims 4 to 6 they each define a particular embodiment, to which users may have good reasons to give the preference, to vary the level of the liquid in the cooling tank, in order to be able or to release a space for loading and unloading or use this space for quenching, without requiring a displacement of the load.
  • Claims 7 and 8 define two different means of supporting and maneuvering the load in the installation, both of which may be preferred in certain specific cases.
  • a first unit of the installation shown in FIG. 1 is constituted by a bell oven 1, that is to say an oven whose inlet is located in its underside.
  • This oven comprises a sealed heating chamber 2, in which there is a jacket 3.
  • Heating bodies 4, arranged around the chamber 2 make it possible to raise the temperature inside the oven to any value very precise desired, up to more than 1000 ° C. They are themselves contained in an outer casing 5 of the oven, the internal walls of which are lined with a thick layer of material 6 forming good thermal insulation.
  • a chimney 7 of the heating chamber 2 crosses the layer 6 and opens into a central opening trale of the upper face of the casing 5, which is closed by a disc 8.
  • a pipe 12 represented schematically by a line in dashed lines and passing through the disc 8, makes it possible to introduce a protection and / or treatment gas into the chamber 2 through its chimney 7.
  • a second fan 13 is also mounted on the upper face of the envelope 5 of the oven 1. It communicates by a channel 14 with the zone of the oven 1 in which the heating bodies 4 are mounted.
  • the inlet 15 of the oven 1 is thermally closed off by a movable partition made up of two sliding shutters 16, 17.
  • a linkage 18, actuated from the outside of the oven 1, makes it possible to move these shutters 16, 17 in the direction of the arrows a, up to position A, shown in phantom, and thus completely clear the entrance to chamber 2.
  • this chamber 2 is ensured by the fact that the furnace 1 itself seals in a sealed manner on a second unit of the installation according to the invention, which is constituted by a cooling or quenching tank 19.
  • a second unit of the installation according to the invention which is constituted by a cooling or quenching tank 19.
  • the side wall of the tank 19 has an opening 20 closed in a sealed manner by a door 21, which can switch -between the position shown in solid lines and that shown in phantom in the drawing.
  • a sealed housing 22 is also fixed against the upper part of the side wall of the tank 19. It contains a motor 23 which actuates a propeller 24 operating in a flow channel 25 of a stirring chamber 26, also fixed to the wall side of bin 19.
  • An expansion compartment 27 is also attached to the latter, in communication, on the one hand, with the interior of the tank 19, through an opening 28 located in the vicinity of the bottom of the latter, and, on the other hand, by a pipe 29, with a tank 30 containing an air chamber 31 inflatable by a pipe 32.
  • the side wall of the container 19 has, finally, an axial boss 33 which, for the simplification of the representation, has been folded down in the plane of the drawing.
  • This boss takes the place of housing a guide column 34, extending over the entire height of the tank 19.
  • a sleeve 35 secured to a horizontal arm 36, slides in the direction of the arrows b or c along the column 34 under the action of a motor (not shown).
  • the arm 36 At its end located near the axis of the tank 19, the arm 36 carries a vertical rod 37, with a cross-shaped profile.
  • four triangular plates 38 forming a receptacle for a conventional grid 39 supporting a load to be treated 40, are rigidly fixed to the wings of the rod 37.
  • the column 34, the sleeve 35, the arm 36, the rod 37 and the plates 38 constitute an elevator which can pass the load 40 from the position which, in the drawing, is shown in solid lines to that in dashed lines B and vice versa.
  • the tank 19 and the expansion compartment 27 are filled with oil up to a level situated slightly below the mouth of the duct 29 in the compartment 27, and the reservoir 30, the duct 29 and the upper part of compartment 27 are filled with nitrogen, the air chamber 31 being fully deflated.
  • the door 21 can be opened; A load 40, disposed on a grid 39, can then be slid in the direction of the arrow d from the position C shown in phantom to the receptacle 38 of the elevator 34-38, previously brought to the low position.
  • the door 21 is closed and the elevator 34-38 is moved to the high position, so as to bring the load 40 to position B, in the heating chamber 2 of the oven. 1.
  • the flaps 16, 17 are moved aside the time to give passage to the load 40.
  • T-cuts, 41 are made in the adjacent edges of the flaps 16, 17, so that they close on the rod 37 lift 34-38, which supports load 40 in room 2 during the entire heating phase.
  • the air chamber 31 can then be inflated so as to expel the nitrogen from the reservoir 30 and to pass it through the duct 29. into the expansion compartment 27.
  • the nitrogen thus arriving in the compartment 27 is expelled at in turn the oil, which, passing through the opening 28, raises its level in the tank 19 to the vicinity of the partition of the oven constituted by the flaps 16, 17.
  • the interior of the furnace 1 and the part of the tank 19 located above the level of the oil 42 form a closed, sealed space which can be filled with a neutral gas, for protection and / or for treatment.
  • An influx of this gas is then brought into the furnace 1 via the line 12 and the installation has a baffled vent (not shown) in the vicinity of the base of the furnace to compensate for the influx of gas brought through the line 12.
  • the engine 9 is started and the gas arriving in the chimney 7 is sent by the fan 11 in the direction of the arrows e, f, first of all around the jacket 3, then, from the base of the latter, through the load 40, the base of which is made accessible to it by the grid 39, strongly openwork.
  • the fan 11 then sucks it through the collar 43 of the shirt 3 to return it around the latter. Thanks to the circulation of gas produced by the fan 11 during the entire heating phase, the temperature is perfectly equalized at all points of the load 40. During this phase, the flaps 16, 17 constitute a heat shield which prevents the oven to radiate on the oil 42.
  • the flaps 16, 17 are briefly separated from one another to allow the elevator 34-38 to return to the low position, in order to immerse the load 40 in the oil 42 and to ensure quenching, as shown in solid lines in the drawing.
  • the flaps 16, 17 ' immediately closed, then constitute a partition which protects the oven from pollution by the oil vapors emanating from the tank 19.
  • the volume of the oil 42 contained in the tank 19 is determined so that during the quenching or cooling phase, the level of this oil is above the upper edge of the brewing chamber 26, so that it s flows over this edge and fills 1-a chamber 26.
  • the propeller 24, driven by the motor 23, then circulates the oil 42 in the direction of the arrows g, which thus passes through the grid 39 and the load 40 by ensuring equal cooling of all the parts making up the latter.
  • the air chamber 31 When the parts of the load 40 are cooled, the air chamber 31 is deflated. Oil 42 then discharges nitrogen 44 from compartment 27 into tank 30 and returns to its initial level.
  • the volume of the reservoir 30 and also that of the compartment 27 are naturally chosen as a function of the volume of oil to be displaced in order to cause the level to pass from one to the other of the two values described.
  • the door 21 can be opened and the installation unloaded by removing the grid 39 and the load 40.
  • the fan 13 can be activated at this time to rapidly cool the oven by sending cold air at high speed against the walls of the chamber 2. It will however be activated more often at the end of the heating phase, when the charge 40 is still in the oven, in order to produce a first partial cooling of the parts of this charge.
  • the operations to be carried out for processing a load 40 are simple and easy to automate.
  • the units making up the installation are also of simple construction. They do not require any mechanism to move them, since all the operations necessary for processing a load are carried out in the position of the plant units, which is shown in the drawing. Notwithstanding its simplicity, the installation according to the invention ensures treatment of the charges 40 under the best possible conditions. Because the parts of the load 40 remain in a perfectly conditioned atmosphere when they pass from the oven to quenching, any oxidation of these parts is avoided. The explosion of flames, which occurs in many known installations, when the hot parts enter the coolant, is also completely suppressed.
  • tank 19 could also contain water or a saline solution.
  • brackets 45 in the form of circular segments, are fixed to the pa cylindrical king of chamber 2. They thus delimit an entry opening 46 of this chamber, which is square.
  • the grid 39 is also square, as is usual, and the load 40 is deposited on this grid without overflowing it.
  • the dimensions of the grid 39 are slightly smaller than those of the opening 46, so that this grid can pass smoothly with the load 40 through this opening.
  • the elevator of this variant comprises a round rod, which is mounted at the end of the arm 36 so as to be able to rotate on itself between two extreme angular positions, spaced from each other by 45 ° (arrow h).
  • this rod in the low position of the elevator, is placed in one of its two extreme positions.
  • the load 40 is then slid over the receptacle 38, taking care to orient the grid 39 parallel to the opening 46.
  • the subsequent passage of the elevator in the high position is carried out without rotating its rod.
  • the load 40 and the grid 39 then pass unhindered through the opening 46, until the underside of the grid 39 is a little higher than the brackets 45.
  • the rod of the elevator is rotated to its other extreme position and the elevator is returned to the lower position. In doing so, the corners of the grid 39 come to rest each in the middle of one of the brackets 45, which thus alone support the load 40 in the chamber 2.
  • the elevator is brought back to the high position without modifying the angular position of its rod, at least without move it away from one of its extreme angular positions.
  • the receptacle 38 then lifts the grid 39 slightly above the brackets 45.
  • the lift rod is angularly moved to its other extreme position.
  • the 45 ° rotation that the grid 39 and the load 40 effect in this way re-establishes the parallelism between the sides of the grid 39 and the internal edges of the consoles 45, so that the elevator descends, passes the grid 39 and the load 40 through the opening 46.
  • the second embodiment differs from the previous one by the means which act on the gas producing the variation in the level of the coolant contained in the quenching tank, and by the elevator intended to move the load 40 vertically.
  • the nitrogen 44 which fills the compartment 27 to maintain the coolant level at the high level in the tank 19, comes here from an industrial bomb 47 of nitrogen under pressure, including the outlet valve 48, operated by hand , remains open to the desired extent during the entire time of use of the installation.
  • the arrival of nitrogen into the compartment 27 via the pipe 29 at the desired time is controlled by an electromagnetic valve 49, which can be controlled automatically.
  • a bypass 50 of the conduit 29, provided with an electromagnetic valve 51 is provided for bringing the nitrogen 44 from the compartment 27 into the sealed enclosure of the installation, which includes the heating chamber 2.
  • the regulator of this second embodiment can support the load 40 in the furnace heating chamber during the entire heating phase, as in the first embodiment, or simply deposit it in this chamber, then withdraw, as in the variant described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4. Moreover, the installation according to this second embodiment is identical to that according to the first embodiment and it operates in the same way.
  • the third embodiment (Fig. 3) differs from the previous ones by the few specific arrangements described below.
  • the furnace 56 is equipped to treat loads under high vacuum up to one hundredth of a millimeter of mercury.
  • Its coat 57 waterproof, double wall, is cooled with water which is circulated between the two walls of the coat 57.
  • the latter contains a jacket 58, internally lined with elements 59, 60 ensuring thermal insulation of the heating chamber 61, in which the heating bodies 62 are mounted.
  • a sleeve 63 is tightly fixed in the lower opening of the mantle 57. It extends from the interior of the heating chamber 61 to outside of the mantle 57. Inside the heating chamber, the sleeve 63 is throttled, so as to form a neck 64 which delimits a square opening 65.
  • the upper edge of the neck 64 is intended to support the load 40 and its grid 39 during the heating phase, like the brackets 45 of the variant described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4.
  • Under the neck 64 are mounted two flaps 66, 67, with the aid of hinges 68, so as to be able to switch between a horizontal position, in which they thermally seal the entrance to the heating chamber 61, and a vertical position, in which they release the opening 65, under the action of a control device (not shown), which can be actuated automatically.
  • the lower opening of the sleeve 63 is sealed off by a pull tab 69, slidably mounted in the upper part of the cooling tank 70 and which can be retracted into position D, sketched in phantom, using the handle 71 in order to free the entry of the oven 56 for the passage of the charges 40 and their grids 39.
  • the movements of the pull tab 69 could also be controlled automatically.
  • the vacuum is produced by a pump 93.
  • the oven 56 is also equipped with means making it possible to produce, after the heating phase, cooling of the parts of the load 40, which may or may not be followed by immersion in the bath tank 70.
  • a powerful fan 72 actuated by a motor 73 to circulate an inert gas in the direction of the arrows h, first through a cooling coil 74 arranged around the jacket 58, then through the load 40 through openings of the sleeve 63 and the flaps 66, 67, previously half open.
  • the equipment of the tank 70 differs from that of the variant described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4 by the expansion compartment and the means provided for passing the oil 42 from the low level 75, shown in solid lines, to the high level 76, shown in broken lines.
  • the expansion compartment 77 is placed under the tank 19.
  • a pump 78 is used to pass the volume d oil j from compartment 77 in tank 70 through a pipe 79 provided with an electromagnetic valve 80.
  • air or an inert gas enters compartment 77 through une.soupape 81
  • the electromagnetic valves 80 and 83 are opened to allow the oil to flow respectively. from tray 19 into compartment 77 and the air or gas from compartment 77 will escape.
  • the fourth embodiment (Fig. 5) comprises four tanks 19 arranged in a square, which can be filled respectively oil, water and saline solutions. One of them could even be equipped more simply to carry out the re cooling of the charges 40 in air or in an inert gas.
  • An oven 84 is mounted on a sector 85, pivoted around a central column 86, so that it can be brought to the tank 19 in which it will be necessary to cool the parts of the charge introduced into the installation. As in the embodiments described above, the oven 84 rests on the tray 19 selected for the entire duration of the treatment of a load.
  • the oven 84 and the tanks 19 can be fitted in accordance with one or other of the embodiments described above.
  • the fifth embodiment of the installation according to the invention differs from the previous ones only by the mode of loading and unloading of the installation.
  • these operations are carried out by lifting the oven 87 above the cooling tank 88 and doing so. emerge the receptacle 38 of the elevator above the tank 88.
  • the guide column 89 of the sleeve 35 of the elevator is extended upwards so as to also guide the vertical movements of the oven 87 at the start and at the end of processing a charge.
  • the tank 88 does not need to be equipped with a side door or with means for varying the level of the quench bath.
  • the elevator of the bin 88 is replaced by a cable or a chain 90 provided with a hook 91 to which the load to be treated can be suspended in a manner well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the chain 90 crosses the top of the oven 87 and passes through a sheath 92 to become wind 1st on a winch (not shown) powered by a motor (not shown).

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus comprises a bell-type furnace (1) which, during the entire treatment of a charge (40), rests sealingly on a quenching tank (19). Sliding shutters (16, 17) form a heat shield preventing the furnace from emitting radiation to the quenching bath (42) and protecting the heating chamber (2) of the furnace from pollution by vapours emanating from the quenching bath. These shutters are separated only to allow the charge (40) to pass in one direction or the other. The charging and discharging of the apparatus are effected via a tip-up door (21). An inflatable air chamber (31) in a nitrogen reservoir (30), which communicates with an expansion compartment (27) of the tank (19), causes the level of the quenching bath to rise close to the shutters (16, 17), or allows it to fall below the door (21). <IMAGE>

Description

Dans la plupart des installations de traitement thermique connues, permettant le chauffage, puis le refroidissement des charges en milieu conditionné, tel qu'un gaz neutre ou un vide poussé, la charge introduite dans l'installation doit, pour être amenée dans la zone de chauffage, passer de là à la zone de refroidissement et parvenir enfin à l'endroit d'où elle peut être retirée de l'installation, suivre un chemin composé de plusieurs segments d'orientations différentes. De tels déplacements d'une charge de quelques quintaux impliquent l'agencement dans l'installation d'importants moyens mécaniques ainsi qu'une commande complexe pour automatiser le traitement.In most known thermal treatment installations, allowing the heating and then the cooling of the charges in a conditioned medium, such as a neutral gas or a high vacuum, the charge introduced into the installation must, in order to be brought into the heating, move from there to the cooling zone and finally reach the place where it can be removed from the installation, follow a path made up of several segments of different orientations. Such movements of a load of a few quintals imply the arrangement in the installation of important mechanical means as well as a complex control to automate the treatment.

Il existe, il est vrai, des installations dont l'agencement interne est plus simple. Dans celles-ci, la charge n'est plus déplacée horizontalement et verticalement pour passer successivement dans les différentes unités de l'installation (sas de chargement, four, bac de trempe ou de refroidissement, sas de sortie); elle ne subit plus que des déplacements verticaux. C'est l'une des unités de l'installation, le four ou le bac de refroidissement, qui se déplace horizontalement, soit seule jusqu'au droit de la charge, soit avec cette dernière jusqu'au droit d'une autre unité de l'installation. Ces installations connues occupent cependant une aire considérable dans un atelier.There are, it is true, installations whose internal arrangement is simpler. In these, the load is no longer moved horizontally and vertically in order to pass successively through the various units of the installation (loading airlock, oven, quenching or cooling tank, outlet airlock); it only undergoes vertical displacements. It is one of the units of the installation, the oven or the cooling tank, which moves horizontally, either alone to the right of the load, either with the latter up to the right of another unit of the installation. These known installations however occupy a considerable area in a workshop.

Les installations connues du type défini par le préambule de la revendication 1 ont l'avantage d'éviter tout déplacement horizontal aussi bien de ses unités que de la charge traitée. Elles peuvent donc être montées sur une aire réduite. De leur côté, les charges traitées ne sont déplacées qu'en direction verticale, grâce à un ascenseur monté dans le bac de refroidissement et portant un plateau de chargement.Known installations of the type defined by the preamble of claim 1 have the advantage of avoiding any horizontal displacement both of its units and of the load treated. They can therefore be mounted on a reduced area. For their part, the treated loads are only moved in a vertical direction, thanks to an elevator mounted in the cooling tank and carrying a loading platform.

Pour introduire une charge dans une telle installation, le four est soulevé au-dessus du bac de refroidissement et l'ascenseur est amené en position haute, dans laquelle le plateau de chargement émerge du bac de refroidissement. La charge à traiter est alors déposée sur ce plateau, puis le four redescendu sur le bac de refroidissement. Le plateau de chargement est conformé de façon à constituer un bouchon obturant l'entrée du four de façon à pouvoir y faire le vide. Après la phase de chauffage, l'ascenseur est amené en position basse, de façon.à immerger la charge dans le bac de refroidissement. A l'issue du refroidissement, le four est denouveau soulevé au-dessus du bac de refroidissement et l'ascenseur remonté en position haute pour retirer la charge traitée de l'installation, qui est prête à en recevoir une nouvelle.To introduce a load in such an installation, the oven is lifted above the cooling tank and the elevator is brought to the high position, in which the loading platform emerges from the cooling tank. The load to be treated is then deposited on this tray, then the oven lowered onto the cooling tank. The loading plate is shaped so as to constitute a plug closing the inlet of the oven so as to be able to create a vacuum there. After the heating phase, the elevator is brought to the low position, so as to immerse the load in the cooling tank. At the end of the cooling, the oven is again lifted above the cooling tank and the elevator raised to the high position to remove the treated load from the installation, which is ready to receive a new one.

Si l'équipement de ces dernières installations est très simple et si l'encombrement est réduit, elles présentent plusieurs inconvénients. Comme le four est ouvert pendant toute la phase de refroidissement, sa chambre de chauffe est exposée à la pollution par les vapeurs d'huile émanant du bac de refroidissement. De son côté, le four agit de façon néfaste sur l'huile de ce bac, notamment par rayonnement. Par ailleurs, le bouchon du four se déforme et se dégrade rapidement en plongeant au fond du bac de trempe lors du traitement de chaque charge et l'huile qu'il entraîne avec lui en remontant accentue la pollution du four. En outre, comme la face inférieure de la charge est entièrement masquée par le bouchon du four, qui supporte cette dernière, il ne serait pas possible de traiter convenablement des charges en atmosphère de protection, faute de pouvoir faire circuler cette atmoshère de bas en haut à travers toute la charge.If the equipment of these latter installations is very simple and if the space requirement is reduced, they have several disadvantages. As the oven is open during the entire cooling phase, its heating chamber is exposed to pollution by oil vapors emanating from the cooling tank. Of the oven, on the other hand, adversely affects the oil in this tank, in particular by radiation. Furthermore, the plug of the oven deforms and degrades quickly by plunging into the bottom of the quenching tank during the treatment of each load and the oil which it carries with it while rising increases the pollution of the oven. In addition, as the lower face of the load is entirely masked by the plug of the oven, which supports the latter, it would not be possible to properly treat loads in a protective atmosphere, for lack of being able to circulate this atmosphere from bottom to top through the whole load.

L'invention vise à créer une installation de traitement thermique aussi simple et peu encombrante que possible, mais en évitant les inconvénients des installations connues. Grâce à la cloison dont le four est pourvu, conformément à la caractéristique de la revendication 1, ce dernier peut n'être ouvert que le temps de laisser passer la charge. Comme le four est donc fermé pendant la phase de refroidissement, il n'y a ni pollution de sa chambre de chauffe par les vapeurs émanant du bac de refroidissement ni rayonnement du four sur le liquide de refroidissement. De plus, les charges peuvent être supportées dans l'installation par une grille conventionnelle donnant libre accès à la face inférieure de la charge pour une atmosphère de pratec- tion brassée dans la chambre de chauffe du four. Enfin, même si le liquide de refroidissement est de l'huile et si la grille supportant la charge est soutenue dans le four par l'ascenseur pendant la phase de chauffe, la quantité d'huile adhérant à la partie de ce dernier qui se trouve dans le four est négligeable; elle ne présente, en effet, aucune face orientée de façon à retenir une quantité appréciable d'huile.The invention aims to create a heat treatment installation as simple and space-saving as possible, but avoiding the drawbacks of known installations. Thanks to the partition with which the oven is provided, in accordance with the characteristic of claim 1, the latter may only be open while the load passes. As the oven is therefore closed during the cooling phase, there is neither pollution of its heating chamber by the vapors emanating from the cooling tank nor radiation of the oven on the coolant. In addition, the loads can be supported in the installation by a conventional grid giving free access to the underside of the load for a working atmosphere stirred in the heating chamber of the oven. Finally, even if the coolant is oil and if the grid supporting the load is supported in the oven by the elevator during the heating phase, the quantity of oil adhering to the part of the latter which is located in the oven is negligible; it has, in fact, no face oriented so as to retain an appreciable quantity of oil.

Les formes spéciales d'exécution définies par la revendication 2 sont tout spécialement intéressantes du fait qu'elles permettent le chargement et le déchargement de l'installation sans avoir à soulever le four au-dessus du bac de refroidissement. Une telle installation peut donc être montée dans un local juste un peu plus haut que la somme des hauteurs du four et du bac de refroidissement.The special embodiments defined by claim 2 are particularly advantageous in that they allow the loading and unloading of the installation without having to lift the oven above the cooling tank. Such an installation can therefore be mounted in a room just a little higher than the sum of the heights of the oven and the cooling tank.

La revendication 3 définit un moyen aussi simple qu'astucieux d'utiliser une partie du bac de refroidissement alternativement pour l'introduction des charges, leur trempe et leur retrait de l'installation.Claim 3 defines a means as simple as it is clever to use part of the cooling tank alternately for the introduction of the charges, their quenching and their removal from the installation.

Quant aux revendications 4 à 6, elles définissent chacune un mode d'exécution particulier, auquel des utilisateurs peuvent avoir de bonnes raisons de donner la préférence, pour faire varier le'niveau du liquide dans le bac de refroidissement, afin de pouvoir ou bien libérer un espace pour le chargement et le déchargement ou alors utiliser cet espace pour la trempe, cela sans nécessiter un déplacement de la charge.As for claims 4 to 6, they each define a particular embodiment, to which users may have good reasons to give the preference, to vary the level of the liquid in the cooling tank, in order to be able or to release a space for loading and unloading or use this space for quenching, without requiring a displacement of the load.

Les revendications 7 et 8 définissent deux moyens différents de soutenir et de manoeuvrer la charge dans l'installation, dont l'un et l'autre peuvent avoir la préférence dans certains cas spécifiques.Claims 7 and 8 define two different means of supporting and maneuvering the load in the installation, both of which may be preferred in certain specific cases.

Enfin, les formes spéciales d'exécution définies par la revendication 9 ont l'avantage d'offrir la possibilité de choisir le milieu (huile, eau, sel, gaz) dans lequel on veut procéder au refroidissement dans chaque cas particulier.Finally, the special embodiments defined by claim 9 have the advantage of offering the possibility of choosing the medium (oil, water, salt, gas) in which it is desired to cool in each particular case.

Cinq formes d'exécution et quelques variantes de l'installation de traitement thermique selon l'invention vont être décrites à simple titre d'exemple non limitatif en référence au dessin, qui les représente schématiquement.

  • La Fig. 1 est une coupe verticale de la première forme d'exécution, une variante étant aussi représentée dans cette figure;
  • la Fig. 2 est une coupe verticale d'une partie de la deuxième forme d'exécution;
  • la Fig. 3 est une coupe analogue à celle de la Fig. 1, représentant la troisième forme d'exécution;
  • la Fig. 4 est une vue en plan d'une partie de la variante représentée à la Fig. 1;
  • la Fig. 5 est une vue en plan de la quatrième forme d'exécution, et
  • la Fig. 6 est une vue en élévation de la cinquième forme d'exécution, représentant aussi une variante.
Five embodiments and some variants of the heat treatment installation according to the invention will be described simply by way of nonlimiting example with reference to the drawing, which shows them schematically.
  • Fig. 1 is a vertical section of the first embodiment, a variant also being shown in this figure;
  • Fig. 2 is a vertical section of part of the second embodiment;
  • Fig. 3 is a section similar to that of FIG. 1, representing the third embodiment;
  • Fig. 4 is a plan view of part of the variant shown in FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view of the fourth embodiment, and
  • Fig. 6 is an elevational view of the fifth embodiment, also showing a variant.

Une première unité de l'installation représentée à la Fig. 1 est constituée par un four-cloche 1, c'est-à-dire un four dont l'entrée se trouve dans sa face inférieure. Ce four comprend une chambre de chauffe étanche 2, dans laquelle se trouve une chemise 3. Des corps de chauffe 4, disposés autour de la chambre 2, permettent d'élever la température à l'intérieur du four à n'importe quelle valeur très précise voulue, pouvant aller jusqu'à plus de 1000° C. Ils sont eux- mêmes contenus dans une enveloppe extérieure 5 du four, dont les parois internes sont tapissées d'une épaisse couche de matière 6 formant une bonne isolation thermique.A first unit of the installation shown in FIG. 1 is constituted by a bell oven 1, that is to say an oven whose inlet is located in its underside. This oven comprises a sealed heating chamber 2, in which there is a jacket 3. Heating bodies 4, arranged around the chamber 2, make it possible to raise the temperature inside the oven to any value very precise desired, up to more than 1000 ° C. They are themselves contained in an outer casing 5 of the oven, the internal walls of which are lined with a thick layer of material 6 forming good thermal insulation.

Une cheminée 7 de la chambre de chauffe 2 traverse la couche 6 et débouche dans une ouverture centrale de la face supérieure de l'enveloppe 5, qui est obturée par un disque 8. Un moteur 9, monté sur le disque 8 et dont l'arbre 10 traverse la cheminée 7, permet d'actionner un ventilateur 11. Une conduite 12, représentée schématiquement par une ligne en traits mixtes et passant à travers le disque 8, permet d'introduire un gaz de protection et/ou de traitement dans la chambre 2 par sa cheminée 7. Un second ventilateur 13 est encore monté sur la face supérieure de l'enveloppe 5 du four 1. Il communique par un canal 14 avec la zone du four 1 dans laquelle sont montés les corps de chauffe 4.A chimney 7 of the heating chamber 2 crosses the layer 6 and opens into a central opening trale of the upper face of the casing 5, which is closed by a disc 8. A motor 9, mounted on the disc 8 and whose shaft 10 crosses the chimney 7, makes it possible to actuate a fan 11. A pipe 12 , represented schematically by a line in dashed lines and passing through the disc 8, makes it possible to introduce a protection and / or treatment gas into the chamber 2 through its chimney 7. A second fan 13 is also mounted on the upper face of the envelope 5 of the oven 1. It communicates by a channel 14 with the zone of the oven 1 in which the heating bodies 4 are mounted.

L'entrée 15 du four 1 est obturée thermiquement par une cloison mobile composée de deux volets coulissants 16, 17. Une tringlerie 18, actionnée depuis l'extérieur.du four 1,permet de déplacer ces volets 16, 17 dans le sens des flèches a, jusque dans la position A, représentée en traits mixtes, et de dégager ainsi entièrement l'entrée de la chambre 2.The inlet 15 of the oven 1 is thermally closed off by a movable partition made up of two sliding shutters 16, 17. A linkage 18, actuated from the outside of the oven 1, makes it possible to move these shutters 16, 17 in the direction of the arrows a, up to position A, shown in phantom, and thus completely clear the entrance to chamber 2.

L'étanchéité de cette chambre 2 est assurée du fait que le four 1 repose lui-même de façon étanche sur une seconde unité de l'installation selon l'invention, qui est constituée par un bac de refroidissement ou de trempe 19. Dans sa partie supérieure, la paroi latérale du bac 19 présente une ouverture 20 fermée de façon étanche par une porte 21, qui peut basculer -entre la position représentée en traits pleins et celle représentée en traits mixtes au dessin.The tightness of this chamber 2 is ensured by the fact that the furnace 1 itself seals in a sealed manner on a second unit of the installation according to the invention, which is constituted by a cooling or quenching tank 19. In its upper part, the side wall of the tank 19 has an opening 20 closed in a sealed manner by a door 21, which can switch -between the position shown in solid lines and that shown in phantom in the drawing.

Un boîtier étanche 22 est également fixé contre la partie supérieure de la paroi latérale du bac 19. Il contient un moteur 23 qui actionne une hélice 24 opérant dans un canal d'écoulement 25 d'une chambre de brassage 26, aussi fixée à la paroi latérale du bac 19. A cette dernière est encore accolé un compartiment d'expansion 27 en communication, d'une part, avec l'intérieur du bac 19, par une ouverture 28 située au voisinage du fond de ce dernier, et, d'autre part, par un conduit 29, avec un réservoir 30 contenant une chambre à air 31 gonflable par un tuyau 32.A sealed housing 22 is also fixed against the upper part of the side wall of the tank 19. It contains a motor 23 which actuates a propeller 24 operating in a flow channel 25 of a stirring chamber 26, also fixed to the wall side of bin 19. An expansion compartment 27 is also attached to the latter, in communication, on the one hand, with the interior of the tank 19, through an opening 28 located in the vicinity of the bottom of the latter, and, on the other hand, by a pipe 29, with a tank 30 containing an air chamber 31 inflatable by a pipe 32.

La paroi latérale du bac 19 présente, enfin, un bossage axial 33 qui, pour la simplification de la représentation, a été rabattu dans le plan du dessin. Ce bossage tient lieu de logement à une colonne de guidage 34, s'étendant sur toute la hauteur du bac 19. Un manchon 35, solidaire d'un bras horizontal 36, coulisse dans le sens des flèches b ou c le long de la colonne 34 sous l'action d'un moteur (non représenté). A son extrémité située au voisinage de l'axe du bac 19, le bras 36 porte une tige verticale 37, au profil en forme de croix. A l'extrémité supérieure de la tige 37, quatre plaques triangulaires 38, formant un réceptacle pour une grille conventionnelle 39 soutenant une charge à traiter 40, sont fixées rigidement aux ailes de la tige 37. La colonne 34, le manchon 35, le bras 36, la tige 37 et les plaques 38 constituent un ascenseur qui peut faire passer la charge 40 de la position qui, au dessin, est représentée en traits pleins à celle en traits mixtes B et vice versa.The side wall of the container 19 has, finally, an axial boss 33 which, for the simplification of the representation, has been folded down in the plane of the drawing. This boss takes the place of housing a guide column 34, extending over the entire height of the tank 19. A sleeve 35, secured to a horizontal arm 36, slides in the direction of the arrows b or c along the column 34 under the action of a motor (not shown). At its end located near the axis of the tank 19, the arm 36 carries a vertical rod 37, with a cross-shaped profile. At the upper end of the rod 37, four triangular plates 38, forming a receptacle for a conventional grid 39 supporting a load to be treated 40, are rigidly fixed to the wings of the rod 37. The column 34, the sleeve 35, the arm 36, the rod 37 and the plates 38 constitute an elevator which can pass the load 40 from the position which, in the drawing, is shown in solid lines to that in dashed lines B and vice versa.

Au repos, le bac 19 et le compartiment d'expansion 27 sont remplis d'huile jusqu'à un niveau situé légèrement au-dessous de l'embouchure du conduit 29 dans le compartiment 27, et le réservoir 30, le conduit 29 et la partie supérieure du compartiment 27 sont remplis d'azote, la chambre à air 31 étant entièrement dégonflée. Comme le niveau d'huile du bac 27 est au-dessous de la base de l'ouverture 20, la porte 21 peut être ouverte; Une charge 40, disposée sur une grille 39, peut alors être glissée dans le sens de la flèche d de la position C représentée en traits mixtes jusque sur le réceptacle 38 de l'ascenseur 34-38, préalablement amené en position basse.At rest, the tank 19 and the expansion compartment 27 are filled with oil up to a level situated slightly below the mouth of the duct 29 in the compartment 27, and the reservoir 30, the duct 29 and the upper part of compartment 27 are filled with nitrogen, the air chamber 31 being fully deflated. As the oil level in the tank 27 is below the base of the opening 20, the door 21 can be opened; A load 40, disposed on a grid 39, can then be slid in the direction of the arrow d from the position C shown in phantom to the receptacle 38 of the elevator 34-38, previously brought to the low position.

Après cette introduction d'une charge 40 dans l'installation, la porte 21 est refermée et l'ascenseur 34-38 est déplacé en position haute, de façon à amener la charge 40 en position B, dans la chambre de chauffe 2 du four 1. Les volets 16, 17 sont écartés le temps de livrer passage à la charge 40. Des découpures en T, 41, sont pratiquées dans les bords adjacents des volets 16, 17, de façon que ceux-ci se referment sur la tige 37 de l'ascenseur 34-38, qui soutient la charge 40 dans la chambre 2 pendant toute la phase de chauffage. La chambre à air 31 peut alors être gonflée de façon à chasser l'azote du réservoir 30 et à le faire passer à travers le conduit 29. dans le compartiment d'expansion 27. L'azote arrivant ainsi dans le compartiment 27 en expulse à son tour l'huile, qui, en passant à travers l'ouverture 28, élève son niveau dans le bac 19 jusqu'au voisinage de la cloison du four constituée par les volets 16, 17.After this introduction of a load 40 into the installation, the door 21 is closed and the elevator 34-38 is moved to the high position, so as to bring the load 40 to position B, in the heating chamber 2 of the oven. 1. The flaps 16, 17 are moved aside the time to give passage to the load 40. T-cuts, 41, are made in the adjacent edges of the flaps 16, 17, so that they close on the rod 37 lift 34-38, which supports load 40 in room 2 during the entire heating phase. The air chamber 31 can then be inflated so as to expel the nitrogen from the reservoir 30 and to pass it through the duct 29. into the expansion compartment 27. The nitrogen thus arriving in the compartment 27 is expelled at in turn the oil, which, passing through the opening 28, raises its level in the tank 19 to the vicinity of the partition of the oven constituted by the flaps 16, 17.

Dans cette position, l'intérieur du four 1 et la partie du bac 19 située au-dessus du niveau de l'huile 42 forment un espace fermé, étanche, qui peut être rempli d'un gaz neutre, de protection et/ou de traitement. Un afflux de ce gaz est alors amené dans le four 1 par la conduite 12 et l'installation présente un évent à chicane (non représenté) au voisinage de la base du four pour compenser l'afflux de gaz amené par la conduite 12. Le moteur 9 est mis en marche et le gaz arrivant dans la cheminée 7 est expédié par le ventilateur 11 dans le sens des flèches e, f, tout d'abord autour de la chemise 3, puis, de la base de celle-ci, à travers la charge 40, dont la base lui est rendue accessible par la grille 39, fortement ajourée. Le ventilateur 11 l'aspire alors à travers le col 43 de la chemise 3 pour le renvoyer autour de cette dernière. Grâce à la circulation de gaz produite par le ventilateur 11 pendant toute la phase de chauffage, la température-est parfaitement égalisée en tous les points de là charge 40. Durant cette phase, les volets 16, 17 constituent un bouclier thermique qui empêche le four de rayonner sur l'huile 42.In this position, the interior of the furnace 1 and the part of the tank 19 located above the level of the oil 42 form a closed, sealed space which can be filled with a neutral gas, for protection and / or for treatment. An influx of this gas is then brought into the furnace 1 via the line 12 and the installation has a baffled vent (not shown) in the vicinity of the base of the furnace to compensate for the influx of gas brought through the line 12. The engine 9 is started and the gas arriving in the chimney 7 is sent by the fan 11 in the direction of the arrows e, f, first of all around the jacket 3, then, from the base of the latter, through the load 40, the base of which is made accessible to it by the grid 39, strongly openwork. The fan 11 then sucks it through the collar 43 of the shirt 3 to return it around the latter. Thanks to the circulation of gas produced by the fan 11 during the entire heating phase, the temperature is perfectly equalized at all points of the load 40. During this phase, the flaps 16, 17 constitute a heat shield which prevents the oven to radiate on the oil 42.

Lorsque la phase de chauffage est terminée, les volets 16, 17 sont brièvement écartés l'un de l'autre pour permettre à l'ascenseur 34-38 de retourner en position basse, afin d'immerger la charge 40 dans l'huile 42 et d'en assurer la trempe, comme représenté en traits pleins au dessin. Les volets 16, 17', aussitôt refermés, constituent alors une cloison qui protège le four de la pollution par les vapeurs d'huile émanant du bac 19.When the heating phase is finished, the flaps 16, 17 are briefly separated from one another to allow the elevator 34-38 to return to the low position, in order to immerse the load 40 in the oil 42 and to ensure quenching, as shown in solid lines in the drawing. The flaps 16, 17 ' , immediately closed, then constitute a partition which protects the oven from pollution by the oil vapors emanating from the tank 19.

Le volume de l'huile 42 contenue dans le bac 19 est déterminé de façon qu'en phase de trempe ou de refroidissement, le niveau de cette huile soit au-dessus du bord supérieur de la chambre de brassage 26, afin qu'elle s'écoule par dessus ce bord et remplisse 1-a chambre 26. L'hélice 24, entraînée par le moteur 23, fait alors circuler l'huile 42 dans le sens des flèches g, qui passe ainsi à travers la grille 39 et la charge 40 en assurant un refroidissement égal de toutes les pièces composant cette dernière.The volume of the oil 42 contained in the tank 19 is determined so that during the quenching or cooling phase, the level of this oil is above the upper edge of the brewing chamber 26, so that it s flows over this edge and fills 1-a chamber 26. The propeller 24, driven by the motor 23, then circulates the oil 42 in the direction of the arrows g, which thus passes through the grid 39 and the load 40 by ensuring equal cooling of all the parts making up the latter.

Lorsque les pièces de la charge 40 sont refroidies, la chambre à air 31 est dégonflée. L'huile 42 refoule alors l'azote 44 du compartiment 27 dans le réservoir 30 et reprend son niveau initial. Le volume du réservoir 30 et aussi celui du compartiment 27 sont naturellement choisis en fonction du volume d'huile à déplacer pour en faire passer le niveau de l'une à l'autre des deux valeurs décrites.When the parts of the load 40 are cooled, the air chamber 31 is deflated. Oil 42 then discharges nitrogen 44 from compartment 27 into tank 30 and returns to its initial level. The volume of the reservoir 30 and also that of the compartment 27 are naturally chosen as a function of the volume of oil to be displaced in order to cause the level to pass from one to the other of the two values described.

Quand l'huile 42 est denouveau au niveau initial dans le bac 19, on peut ouvrir la porte 21 et décharger l'installation en en retirant la grille 39 et la charge 40.When the oil 42 is new at the initial level in the tank 19, the door 21 can be opened and the installation unloaded by removing the grid 39 and the load 40.

Le ventilateur 13 peut être actionné à ce moment-là pour refroidir rapidement le four en envoyant à gros débit de l'air froid contre les parois de la chambre 2. Il sera cependant actionné plus souvent à la fin de la phase de chauffage, quand la charge 40 est encore dans le four, afin de produire un premier refroidissement partiel des pièces de cette charge.The fan 13 can be activated at this time to rapidly cool the oven by sending cold air at high speed against the walls of the chamber 2. It will however be activated more often at the end of the heating phase, when the charge 40 is still in the oven, in order to produce a first partial cooling of the parts of this charge.

On remarquera que l'air injecté à travers le canal 14 circule autour de la chambre 2, mais n'at÷ teint pas les pièces de la charge 40, puisque la chambre 2 est étanche. Un orifice (non représenté) est prévu dans l'enveloppe 5 pour permettre une circulation rapide de l'air envoyé dans cette enceinte par le ventilateur 13.Note that the air injected through the channel 14 flows around the chamber 2, but did not ÷ dyed parts of the load 40, since the chamber 2 is sealed. An orifice (not shown) is provided in the envelope 5 to allow rapid circulation of the air sent into this enclosure by the fan 13.

On remarquera également que les opérations à effectuer pour traiter une charge 40, une fois que- cette dernière a été introduite dans l'installation et que la porte 21 a été fermée, jusqu'au moment où la porte 21 peut être ouverte à nouveau et la charge 40 retirée de l'installation, sont simples et faciles à automatiser. Les unités composant l'installation sont de construction également simple. Elles ne nécessitent nul mécanisme pour les déplacer, puisque toutes les opérations nécessaires au traitement d'une charge s'effectuent dans la position des unités de l'installation, qui est représentée au dessin. Nonobstant sa simplicité, l'installation selon l'invention assure un traitement des charges 40 dans les meilleures conditions possibles. Du fait que les pièces de la charge 40 restent en atmosphère parfaitement conditionnée lorsqu'elles passent du four à la trempe, toute oxydation de ces-pièces est évitée. L'explosion de flammes, qui se produit dans bon nombre d'installations connues, au moment où les pièces chaudes entrent dans le liquide de refroidissement, est aussi complètement supprimée.It will also be noted that the operations to be carried out for processing a load 40, once the latter has been introduced into the installation and the door 21 has been closed, until the door 21 can be opened again and the load 40 removed from the installation, are simple and easy to automate. The units making up the installation are also of simple construction. They do not require any mechanism to move them, since all the operations necessary for processing a load are carried out in the position of the plant units, which is shown in the drawing. Notwithstanding its simplicity, the installation according to the invention ensures treatment of the charges 40 under the best possible conditions. Because the parts of the load 40 remain in a perfectly conditioned atmosphere when they pass from the oven to quenching, any oxidation of these parts is avoided. The explosion of flames, which occurs in many known installations, when the hot parts enter the coolant, is also completely suppressed.

Par rapport aux installations connues, celle selon l'invention a un prix de revient nettement inférieur et cela sans préjudice aucun des performances, au contraire.Compared to known installations, that according to the invention has a significantly lower cost price and this without prejudice to any performance, on the contrary.

Au lieu d'huile, le bac 19 pourrait'aussi contenir de l'eau ou une solution saline.Instead of oil, tank 19 could also contain water or a saline solution.

Dans la variante illustrée également dans la Fig. 1 ainsi qu'à la Fig. 4, même la faible quantité de vapeur d'huile, qui, dans la première forme d'exécution décrite, peut entrer dans la chambre 2 par les découpures 41 des volets 16, 17 lors de la trempe, est complètement évitée. Dans ce cas, ce n'est plus l'ascenseur qui soutient la charge pendant la phase de chauffage; il ne fait que l'amener dans la chambre de chauffe, où il dépose la grille 39 sur des consoles 45 et se retire aussitôt. En position fermée, les bords adjacents des deux volets 16, 17 peuvent être plaqués l'un contre l'autre sur toute leur longueur.In the variant also illustrated in FIG. 1 as well as in FIG. 4, even the small amount of oil vapor, which, in the first embodiment described, can enter the chamber 2 through the cutouts 41 of the flaps 16, 17 during quenching, is completely avoided. In this case, it is no longer the elevator that supports the load during the heating phase; it only brings it into the heating chamber, where it deposits the grid 39 on brackets 45 and withdraws immediately. In the closed position, the adjacent edges of the two flaps 16, 17 can be pressed against one another over their entire length.

Comme le montre la Fig. 4, quatre consoles 45, en forme de segments circulaires, sont fixées à la paroi cylindrique de la chambre 2. Elles délimitent ainsi une ouverture d'entrée 46 de cette chambre, qui est carrée. La grille 39 est aussi carrée, comme cela est usuel, et la charge 40 est déposée sur cette grille sans la déborder. Les dimensions de la grille 39 sont légèrement inférieures à celles de l'ouverture 46, afin que cette grille puisse passer sans encombre avec la charge 40 à travers cette ouverture.As shown in Fig. 4, four brackets 45, in the form of circular segments, are fixed to the pa cylindrical king of chamber 2. They thus delimit an entry opening 46 of this chamber, which is square. The grid 39 is also square, as is usual, and the load 40 is deposited on this grid without overflowing it. The dimensions of the grid 39 are slightly smaller than those of the opening 46, so that this grid can pass smoothly with the load 40 through this opening.

Enfin, au lieu d'une tige profilée, fixée rigi- dément au bras 36, l'ascenseur de cette variante comprend une tige ronde, qui est montée à l'extrémité du bras 36 de façon à pouvoir tourner sur elle-même entre deux positions angulaires extrêmes, écartées l'une de l'autre de 45° (flèche h).Finally, instead of a profiled rod, rigidly fixed to the arm 36, the elevator of this variant comprises a round rod, which is mounted at the end of the arm 36 so as to be able to rotate on itself between two extreme angular positions, spaced from each other by 45 ° (arrow h).

Pour recevoir la charge 40, cette tige, en position basse de l'ascenseur, est placée dans l'une de ses deux positions extrêmes. La charge 40 est alors glissée sur le réceptacle 38 en veillant à orienter la grille 39 parallèlement à l'ouverture 46. Le passage ultérieur de l'ascenseur en position haute s'effectue sans faire tourner sa tige. La charge 40 et la grille 39 passent alors sans encombre à-travers l'ouverture 46, jusqu'à ce que la face inférieure de la grille 39 soit un peu plus haute que les consoles 45. A ce stade, la tige de l'ascenseur est tournée jusque dans son autre position extrême et l'ascenseur est ramené en position basse. Ce faisant, les coins de la grille 39 viennent reposer chacun au milieu de l'une des consoles 45, qui soutiennent ainsi à elles seules la charge 40 dans la chambre 2.To receive the load 40, this rod, in the low position of the elevator, is placed in one of its two extreme positions. The load 40 is then slid over the receptacle 38, taking care to orient the grid 39 parallel to the opening 46. The subsequent passage of the elevator in the high position is carried out without rotating its rod. The load 40 and the grid 39 then pass unhindered through the opening 46, until the underside of the grid 39 is a little higher than the brackets 45. At this stage, the rod of the elevator is rotated to its other extreme position and the elevator is returned to the lower position. In doing so, the corners of the grid 39 come to rest each in the middle of one of the brackets 45, which thus alone support the load 40 in the chamber 2.

Pour ressortir cette charge de la chambre 2, l'ascenseur est ramené en position haute sans modifier la position angulaire de sa tige, tout au moins sans l'écarter de l'une de ses positions angulaires extrêmes. Le réceptacle 38 soulève alors la grille 39 légèrement au-dessus des consoles 45. A ce moment-là, la tige de l'ascenseur est déplacée angulairement dans son autre position extrême. La rotation de 45° que la grille 39 et la charge 40 effectuent de cette façon rétablit le parallélisme entre les côtés de la grille 39 et les bords internes des consoles 45, de sorte que l'ascenseur en redescendant, fait passer la grille 39 et la charge 40 à travers l'ouverture 46.To bring out this load from chamber 2, the elevator is brought back to the high position without modifying the angular position of its rod, at least without move it away from one of its extreme angular positions. The receptacle 38 then lifts the grid 39 slightly above the brackets 45. At this time, the lift rod is angularly moved to its other extreme position. The 45 ° rotation that the grid 39 and the load 40 effect in this way re-establishes the parallelism between the sides of the grid 39 and the internal edges of the consoles 45, so that the elevator descends, passes the grid 39 and the load 40 through the opening 46.

La seconde forme d'exécution (Fig. 2) diffère de la précédente par les moyens qui agissent sur le gaz produisant la variation du niveau du liquide de refroidissement contenu dans le bac de trempe, et par l'ascenseur destiné à déplacer la charge 40 verticalement. LJazote 44, qui remplit le compartiment 27 pour maintenir le niveau du liquide de refroidissement à la cote haute dans le bac 19, provient ici d'une bombe industrielle 47 d'azote sous pression, dont la vanne de sortie 48, manoeuvrée à la main, reste ouverte dans la mesure voulue pendant tout le temps d'utilisation de l'installation. L'arrivée d'azote dans le compartiment 27 par le conduit 29 au moment voulu est régie par une vanne électromagnétique 49, qui peut être commandée automatiquement.The second embodiment (Fig. 2) differs from the previous one by the means which act on the gas producing the variation in the level of the coolant contained in the quenching tank, and by the elevator intended to move the load 40 vertically. The nitrogen 44, which fills the compartment 27 to maintain the coolant level at the high level in the tank 19, comes here from an industrial bomb 47 of nitrogen under pressure, including the outlet valve 48, operated by hand , remains open to the desired extent during the entire time of use of the installation. The arrival of nitrogen into the compartment 27 via the pipe 29 at the desired time is controlled by an electromagnetic valve 49, which can be controlled automatically.

Pour ne pas perdre l'azote du compartiment 27 en le laissant s'échapper à l'air libre, lorsque le niveau du liquide de refroidissement dans le bac 19 doit être abaissé, une dérivation 50 du conduit 29, pourvue d'une vanne électromagnétique 51 est prévue pour amener l'azote 44 du compartiment 27 dans l'enceinte étanche de l'installation, qui comprend la chambre de chauffe 2.In order not to lose the nitrogen in compartment 27 by letting it escape into the open air, when the level of the coolant in the tank 19 must be lowered, a bypass 50 of the conduit 29, provided with an electromagnetic valve 51 is provided for bringing the nitrogen 44 from the compartment 27 into the sealed enclosure of the installation, which includes the heating chamber 2.

Quant à l'ascenseur, sa tige 52, creuse, n'est plus actionnée par l'intermédiaire d'organes mécaniques, comme dans la première forme d'exécution, mais hydrauliquement, à travers le fond du bac 19, par des moyens connus, non représentés, qui envoient de l'huile sous pression dans cette tige. Un cylindre 53, monté dans le bac 19, en assure le guidage par l'intermédiaire de galets 54 pivotés aux extrémités de deux couronnes de bras radiaux 55, solidaires de la tige 52.As for the elevator, its hollow rod 52 is no longer actuated by mechanical means, as in the first embodiment, but hydraulically, through the bottom of the tank 19, by known means , not shown, which send oil under pressure to this rod. A cylinder 53, mounted in the tank 19, guides it by means of rollers 54 pivoted at the ends of two crowns of radial arms 55, integral with the rod 52.

L'acénseur de cette seconde forme d'exécution peut soutenir la charge 40 dans la chambre de chauffe du four pendant toute la phase de chauffage, comme dans la première forme d'exécution, ou simplement la déposer dans cette chambre, puis se retirer, comme dans la variante décrite ci-dessus en référence aux Fig. 1 et 4. Au demeurant, l'installation selon cette seconde forme d'exécution est identique à celle selon la première forme d'exécution et elle fonctionne de la même façon.The regulator of this second embodiment can support the load 40 in the furnace heating chamber during the entire heating phase, as in the first embodiment, or simply deposit it in this chamber, then withdraw, as in the variant described above with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4. Moreover, the installation according to this second embodiment is identical to that according to the first embodiment and it operates in the same way.

La troisième forme d'exécution (Fig. 3) se distingue des précédentes par les quelques agencements particuliers décrits ci-après.The third embodiment (Fig. 3) differs from the previous ones by the few specific arrangements described below.

Le four 56 est équipé pour traiter des charges sous des vides poussés jusqu'à un centième de millimètre de mercure. Son manteau 57, étanche, à double paroi, est refroidi à l'eau que l'on fait circuler entre les deux parois du manteau 57. Ce dernier contient une chemise 58, garnie intérieurement d'éléments 59, 60 assurant l'isolation thermique de la chambre de chauffe 61, dans laquelle sont montés les corps de chauffe 62. Un manchon 63 est fixé de façon étanche dans l'ouverture inférieure du manteau 57. Il s'étend de l'intérieur de la chambre de chauffe 61 jusqu'à l'extérieur du manteau 57. A l'intérieur de la chambre de chauffe, le manchon 63 est étranglé, de façon à former un col 64 qui délimite une ouverture 65 carrée. Le bord supérieur du col 64 est destiné à soutenir la charge 40 et sa grille 39 pendant la phase de chauffage, comme les consoles 45 de la variante décrite en référence aux Fig. 1 et 4. Sous le col 64 sont montés deux volets 66, 67, à l'aide de charnières 68, de façon à pouvoir basculer entre une position horizontale, dans laquelle ils obturent thermiquement l'entrée de la chambre de chauffe 61, et une position verticale, dans laquelle ils libèrent l'ouverture 65, sous l'action d'un dispositif de commande (non représenté), qui peut être actionné automatiquement.The furnace 56 is equipped to treat loads under high vacuum up to one hundredth of a millimeter of mercury. Its coat 57, waterproof, double wall, is cooled with water which is circulated between the two walls of the coat 57. The latter contains a jacket 58, internally lined with elements 59, 60 ensuring thermal insulation of the heating chamber 61, in which the heating bodies 62 are mounted. A sleeve 63 is tightly fixed in the lower opening of the mantle 57. It extends from the interior of the heating chamber 61 to outside of the mantle 57. Inside the heating chamber, the sleeve 63 is throttled, so as to form a neck 64 which delimits a square opening 65. The upper edge of the neck 64 is intended to support the load 40 and its grid 39 during the heating phase, like the brackets 45 of the variant described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4. Under the neck 64 are mounted two flaps 66, 67, with the aid of hinges 68, so as to be able to switch between a horizontal position, in which they thermally seal the entrance to the heating chamber 61, and a vertical position, in which they release the opening 65, under the action of a control device (not shown), which can be actuated automatically.

En phase de chauffage, l'ouverture inférieure du manchon 63 est obturée de façon étanche par une tirette 69, montée coulissante dans la partie supérieure du bac de refroidissement 70 et qu'on peut.escamoter en position D, esquissée en traits mixtes, à l'aide du manche 71 afin de libérer l'entrée du four 56 pour le passage des charges 40 et de leurs grilles 39. Les déplacements de la tirette 69 pourraient aussi être commandés automatiquement. Le vide est produit par une pompe 93. Le four 56 est encore équipé de moyens permettant de produire, après la phase de chauffage, un refroidissement des pièces de la charge 40, qui peut-être suivi ou non d'une immersion dans le bain de trempe du bac 70. A cet effet, il comprend un puissant ventilateur 72, actionné par un moteur 73 pour faire circuler un gaz inerte dans le sens des flèches h, d'abord à travers un serpentin de refroidissement 74 disposé autour de la chemise 58, puis à travers la charge 40 par des ouvertures du manchon 63 et les volets 66, 67, préalablement entrouverts.In the heating phase, the lower opening of the sleeve 63 is sealed off by a pull tab 69, slidably mounted in the upper part of the cooling tank 70 and which can be retracted into position D, sketched in phantom, using the handle 71 in order to free the entry of the oven 56 for the passage of the charges 40 and their grids 39. The movements of the pull tab 69 could also be controlled automatically. The vacuum is produced by a pump 93. The oven 56 is also equipped with means making it possible to produce, after the heating phase, cooling of the parts of the load 40, which may or may not be followed by immersion in the bath tank 70. For this purpose, it includes a powerful fan 72, actuated by a motor 73 to circulate an inert gas in the direction of the arrows h, first through a cooling coil 74 arranged around the jacket 58, then through the load 40 through openings of the sleeve 63 and the flaps 66, 67, previously half open.

De son côté, l'équipement du bac 70 diffère de celui de la variante décrite en référence aux Fig. 1 et 4 par le compartiment d'expansion et les moyens prévus pour faire passer l'huile 42 du niveau bas 75, représenté en traits pleins, au niveau haut 76, représenté en traits interrompus. Au lieu d'être disposé latéralement dans le bac de refroidissement, comme dans les deux premières formes d'exécution décrites ci-dessus, fe compartiment d'expansion 77 est placé sous le bac 19. Une pompe 78 sert à faire passer le volume d'huile j du compartiment 77 dans le bac 70 à travers une conduite 79 pourvue d'une vanne électromagnétique 80. Au fur et à mesure de ce pompage, de l'air ou un gaz inerte entre dans le compartiment 77 par une.soupape 81. Lorsque l'huile du compartiment 77 a atteint le niveau 82, celle du bac 19 atteint le niveau 76. Pour pouvoir décharger l'installation après la trempe, on ouvre les vannes électromagnétiques 80 et 83 pour laisser respectivement l'huile s'écouler du bac 19 dans le compartiment 77 et l'air ou le gaz du compartiment 77 s'en échapper..For its part, the equipment of the tank 70 differs from that of the variant described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 4 by the expansion compartment and the means provided for passing the oil 42 from the low level 75, shown in solid lines, to the high level 76, shown in broken lines. Instead of being disposed laterally in the cooling tank, as in the first two embodiments described above, the expansion compartment 77 is placed under the tank 19. A pump 78 is used to pass the volume d oil j from compartment 77 in tank 70 through a pipe 79 provided with an electromagnetic valve 80. As this pumping takes place, air or an inert gas enters compartment 77 through une.soupape 81 When the oil in compartment 77 has reached level 82, that in tank 19 reaches level 76. In order to be able to discharge the installation after quenching, the electromagnetic valves 80 and 83 are opened to allow the oil to flow respectively. from tray 19 into compartment 77 and the air or gas from compartment 77 will escape.

Les hommes du métier comprendront sans peine que les équipements particuliers du bac 19 pourraient aussi servir dans les formes d'exécution décrites précédemment. Il en va de même du four 56.Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the particular equipment of the tank 19 could also be used in the embodiments described above. The same goes for oven 56.

Pour éviter la vidange du bac 19 chaque fois que l'on veut refroidir les pièces traitées dans un autre bain que le précédent, la quatrième forme d'exécution (Fig. 5) comprend quatre bacs 19 disposés en carré, qui peuvent être remplis respectivement d'huile, d'eau et de solutions salines. L'un d'eux pourrait même être équipé plus simplement pour effectuer le refroidissement des charges 40 à l'air ou dans un gaz inerte.To avoid emptying the tank 19 each time we want to cool the parts treated in another bath than the previous one, the fourth embodiment (Fig. 5) comprises four tanks 19 arranged in a square, which can be filled respectively oil, water and saline solutions. One of them could even be equipped more simply to carry out the re cooling of the charges 40 in air or in an inert gas.

Un four 84 est monté sur un secteur 85, pivoté autour d'une colonne centrale 86, de façon à pouvoir être amené sur le bac 19 dans lequel il s'agira de refroidir les pièces de la charge introduite dans l'installation. Comme dans les formes d'exécution décrites ci-dessus, le four 84 repose sur le bac 19 sélectionné pendant toute la durée du traitement d'une charge. Le four 84 et les bacs 19 peuvent être aménagés conformément à l'une ou l'autre des formes d'exécution décrites ci-dessus.An oven 84 is mounted on a sector 85, pivoted around a central column 86, so that it can be brought to the tank 19 in which it will be necessary to cool the parts of the charge introduced into the installation. As in the embodiments described above, the oven 84 rests on the tray 19 selected for the entire duration of the treatment of a load. The oven 84 and the tanks 19 can be fitted in accordance with one or other of the embodiments described above.

La cinquième forme d'exécution de l'installation selon l'invention (Fig. 6) ne se distingue des précédentes que par le mode de chargement et de déchargement de l'installation. Dans ce cas, ces opérations s'effectuent en soulevant le four 87 au-dessus du bac de refroidissement 88 et en faisant. émerger le réceptacle 38 de l'ascenseur au-dessus du bac 88. A cet effet, la colonne de guidage 89 du manchon 35 de l'ascenseur est prolongée vers le haut de manière à guider également les déplacements verticaux du four 87 au début et en fin de traitement d'une charge. Vu ce mode de chargement et de déchargement de l'installation, le bac 88 n'a pas besoin d'être équipé d'une porte latérale ni de moyens pour faire varier le niveau du bain de trempe.The fifth embodiment of the installation according to the invention (Fig. 6) differs from the previous ones only by the mode of loading and unloading of the installation. In this case, these operations are carried out by lifting the oven 87 above the cooling tank 88 and doing so. emerge the receptacle 38 of the elevator above the tank 88. For this purpose, the guide column 89 of the sleeve 35 of the elevator is extended upwards so as to also guide the vertical movements of the oven 87 at the start and at the end of processing a charge. Given this mode of loading and unloading of the installation, the tank 88 does not need to be equipped with a side door or with means for varying the level of the quench bath.

Selon une variante illustrée en traits mixtes à la Fig. 6, l'ascenseur du bac 88 est remplacé par un câble ou une chaîne 90 munie d'un crochet 91 auquel la charge à traiter peut être suspendue de façon bien connue des hommes du metier. La chaîne 90 traverse le sommet du four 87 et passe dans une gaine 92 pour s'enrouler sur un treuil (non représenté) actionné par un moteur (non représenté).According to a variant illustrated in dashed lines in FIG. 6, the elevator of the bin 88 is replaced by a cable or a chain 90 provided with a hook 91 to which the load to be treated can be suspended in a manner well known to those skilled in the art. The chain 90 crosses the top of the oven 87 and passes through a sheath 92 to become wind 1st on a winch (not shown) powered by a motor (not shown).

Claims (9)

1. Installation de traitement thermique, comprenant - un bac de refroidissement, - un four-cloche qui, au moins pendant toute la durée du traitement d'une charge, repose sur le bac de refroidissement, de façon à permettre d'effectuer ce traitement en milieu conditionné - et un dispositif capable de déplacer verticalement la charge en cours de traitement pour la faire passer du four dans le bac de refroidissement, caractérisée
en ce que l'entrée (15, 63) du four (1, 56, 84, 87) est pourvue d'une cloison mobile (16, 17; 66, 67) qui, en position fermée, forme un bouclier thermique entre le four (1, 56, 84, 87) et le bac de refroidissement (19, 70, 88), et qui, en position ouverte, livre passage à la charge en travail (40).1. Heat treatment plant, comprising - a cooling tank, - a bell oven which, at least for the entire duration of the treatment of a charge, rests on the cooling tank, so as to allow this treatment to be carried out in a conditioned medium - and a device capable of vertically moving the load during treatment to pass it from the oven into the cooling tank, characterized
in that the inlet (15, 63) of the oven (1, 56, 84, 87) is provided with a movable partition (16, 17; 66, 67) which, in the closed position, forms a heat shield between the oven (1, 56, 84, 87) and the cooling tank (19, 70, 88), and which, in the open position, gives way to the load in work (40). 2. Installation selon la revendication 1, caractérisée - en ce que le bac de refroidissement (19, 70) contient un liquide (42) dont le niveau (76) en phase de refroidissement, se trouve à proximité de la dite cloison (16, 17; 66, 67), - - en ce qu'un compartiment d'expansion (27, 77) communique avec le bac de refroidissement (19, 70), son volume étant au moins égal à celui de la partie du bac de refroidissement dans laquelle la charge (40) traitée prend place en phase de refroidissement, - en ce que la paroi latérale de la dite partie du bac de refroidissement présente une ouverture (20) qu'une porte (21) peut, à volonté, obturer de façon étanche ou libérer pour introduire la charge à traiter (40) dans l'installation ou l'en retirer, - et par un dispositif (31, 47, 78) capable, d'une part, de refouler le liquide de refroidissement du dit compartiment d'expansion (27, 77) vers le dit bac de refroidissement (19, 70), afin d'assurer l'immersion de la charge (40) en cours de traitement lors-de la phase de refroidissement, et, d'autre part, de laisser le liquide de refroidissement contenu dans le dit bac, au niveau de la dite ouver- ture (20) de sa paroi latérale, s'écouler dans le dit compartiment d'expansion, afin de permettre l'ouverture de la dite porte (21) en vue d'introduire une charge à traiter ou de retirer celle qui a été traitée.. 2. Installation according to claim 1, characterized - in that the cooling tank (19, 70) contains a liquid (42) whose level (76) in the cooling phase, is located near said partition (16, 17; 66, 67), - - in that an expansion compartment (27, 77) communicates with the cooling tank (19, 70), its volume being at least equal to that of the part of the cooling tank in which the charge (40) treated takes place during the cooling phase, - in that the side wall of said part of the cooling tank has an opening (20) that u door (21) can, at will, seal or release to introduce the load to be treated (40) in the installation or remove it, - And by a device (31, 47, 78) capable, on the one hand, of discharging the coolant from said expansion compartment (27, 77) towards said cooling tank (19, 70), in order to '' ensuring the immersion of the charge (40) during treatment during the cooling phase, and, on the other hand, leaving the cooling liquid contained in said tank, at the level of said opening (20) from its side wall, flow into said expansion compartment, in order to allow the opening of said door (21) in order to introduce a load to be treated or to remove the one which has been treated. . 3. Installation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée
en ce que le dit dispositif (31, 47) est agencé de façon à pouvoir envoyer un gaz sous pression (44) dans le haut du dit compartiment d'expansion (27) pour en refouler le liquide de refroidissement qu'il contient.3. Installation according to claim 2, characterized
in that said device (31, 47) is arranged so as to be able to send a pressurized gas (44) to the top of said expansion compartment (27) in order to discharge the coolant it contains. 4. Installation selon la revendication 3, caractérisée
en ce que le dit dispositif comprend un réservoir (30) qui communique avec le haut du dit compartiment d'expansion (27) et qui contient une chambre à air gonflable (31) au point de remplir, au moins approximativement, ce réservoir.4. Installation according to claim 3, characterized
in that said device comprises a reservoir (30) which communicates with the top of said expansion compartment (27) and which contains an inflatable air chamber (31) to the point of filling, at least approximately, this reservoir. 5. Installation selon la revendication 3, caractérisée
en ce que le dit dispositif comprend une bombé (47) de gaz sous pression, dont la sortie est reliée au haut du dit compartiment d'expansion (27) à travers une vanne électromagnétique (49).5. Installation according to claim 3, characterized
in that said device comprises a bulge (47) of pressurized gas, the outlet of which is connected to the top said expansion compartment (27) through an electromagnetic valve (49). 6. Installation selon la revendication 2, caractérisée
en ce que le dit dispositif comprend une pompe (78) capable d'aspirer le liquide de refroidissement contenu dans le dit compartiment d'expansion (77) et de le refouler dans le dit bac (70).6. Installation according to claim 2, characterized
in that said device comprises a pump (78) capable of sucking the coolant contained in said expansion compartment (77) and of discharging it into said tank (70). 7. Installation selon l'une quelconque des reven- dications précédentes,
caractérisée
en ce que le bac de refroidissement contient un ascenseur (35-38) comprenant une tige centrale (37, 52) dont l'extrémité supérieure porte un réceptacle.(38) capable de recevoir une grille (39) portant la charge à traiter (40), cet ascenseur étant destiné à faire descendre la charge du four-cloche (1, 56, 87) dans le bac de refroidissement (19, 70, 88).7. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized
in that the cooling tank contains an elevator (35-38) comprising a central rod (37, 52) the upper end of which carries a receptacle. (38) capable of receiving a grid (39) carrying the load to be treated ( 40), this elevator being intended to lower the load from the bell furnace (1, 56, 87) into the cooling tank (19, 70, 88). 8. Installation selon l'une ou l'autre des revendications 1 à 6,
caractérisée
par un câble ou une chaîne (90) traversant le four-cloche (87), à laquelle la charge à traiter (40) est suspendue et qui est soumise à l'action d'un moteur afin de tirer la dite charge à l'intérieur du four-cloche (87) pour la soumettre à la phase de chauffage, de-la laisser descendre dans le bac de refroidissement (88) à la fin de la phase de chauffage, et de la retirer hors de ce bac après son refroidissement.8. Installation according to either of claims 1 to 6,
characterized
by a cable or chain (90) passing through the bell furnace (87), to which the load to be treated (40) is suspended and which is subjected to the action of a motor in order to draw said load to the inside the bell oven (87) to subject it to the heating phase, de-let it descend into the cooling tank (88) at the end of the heating phase, and remove it from this tank after cooling . 9. Installation selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes,
caractérisée - en ce qu'elle comprend plusieurs bacs de refroidissement (19) différents, qui sont disposés de façon que leurs axes soient situés sur le manteau d'un cy- lidre circulaire, - et en ce que le four-cloche (84) peut évoluer autour de l'axe (86) de ce cylindre, de façon à-pouvoir être amené, au choix, sur l'un ou l'autre des dits bacs. 9. Installation according to any one of the preceding claims,
characterized - in that it includes several cooled tanks different (19), which are arranged so that their axes are located on the mantle of a circular cylinder, - And in that the bell furnace (84) can move around the axis (86) of this cylinder, so that it can be brought, as desired, on one or the other of said tanks.
EP81810293A 1981-07-17 1981-07-17 Heat treating apparatus Withdrawn EP0070347A1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81810293A EP0070347A1 (en) 1981-07-17 1981-07-17 Heat treating apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP81810293A EP0070347A1 (en) 1981-07-17 1981-07-17 Heat treating apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0070347A1 true EP0070347A1 (en) 1983-01-26

Family

ID=8188670

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81810293A Withdrawn EP0070347A1 (en) 1981-07-17 1981-07-17 Heat treating apparatus

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0070347A1 (en)

Cited By (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4647017A (en) * 1984-12-19 1987-03-03 Stainbrook Norbert E Vacuum heat treating furnace and quench system with drop transfer
EP0221329A1 (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-05-13 Aichelin GmbH Process and device for quenching annealed stock
EP0295207A1 (en) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-14 Pierre Beuret Arrangement of bell-type furnace and quenching tank
EP0684318A1 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-29 Leybold Durferrit GmbH Method and apparatus for quenching workpieces using an aqueous polymer solution
EP0806485A1 (en) * 1996-05-06 1997-11-12 Patherm SA Heat treatment installation
EP0973001A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-19 Patherm SA Process for fastening or removing a load in a heat treatment installation with a bottomless furnace
FR2845695A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-16 Patherm Sa Heat treatment of a charge of metal components in a vertical furnace, combining thermochemical treatment and hardening operations, notable under pressure
WO2007073707A1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Lac S.R.O. Furnace, particularly for thermal and chemotermal treatment of metal products
CN102634648A (en) * 2012-04-26 2012-08-15 广东世创金属科技有限公司 Pit furnace with protective atmosphere device and automatic workpiece transferring device in quenching
CN102980211A (en) * 2012-12-14 2013-03-20 湖南科技大学 Domestic multifunctional environmental protection and energy saving coal stove
CN108453211A (en) * 2018-05-10 2018-08-28 嘉兴市乍浦杭湾重型机械有限公司 A kind of cooling device of automobile axle shaft forge die
CN112391518A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-23 重庆长安工业(集团)有限责任公司 Mesh belt type resistance heating furnace muffle tank nitrogen gas conveying port mounting structure
CN113604635A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-05 雷桂群 Tempering equipment for solar heat collector manufacturing system and tempering method thereof
CN113897479A (en) * 2021-09-10 2022-01-07 绩溪徽腾机械有限公司 Quenching equipment for chain pin shaft with high static load bending strength

Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2341766A (en) * 1941-12-12 1944-02-15 Vernie A Fox Rapid-quench heat-treating oven
GB561408A (en) * 1942-01-10 1944-05-18 Western Electric Co Improved heat-treating apparatus
GB899793A (en) * 1960-03-04 1962-06-27 Ass Elect Ind Improvements in and relating to furnaces
FR1417402A (en) * 1964-10-28 1965-11-12 Quenching machine for long parts and standing quenching
FR1554834A (en) * 1966-12-20 1969-01-24
CH478918A (en) * 1968-08-26 1969-09-30 Kaesermann & Sperisen S A Automatic installation for heat treatment of objects
FR2159511A1 (en) * 1971-11-12 1973-06-22 Degussa
DE2211286A1 (en) * 1972-03-09 1973-09-27 Aichelin Fa J Metal heat-treatment furnace - of space-saving design, used for both steel and non-ferrous metals

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2341766A (en) * 1941-12-12 1944-02-15 Vernie A Fox Rapid-quench heat-treating oven
GB561408A (en) * 1942-01-10 1944-05-18 Western Electric Co Improved heat-treating apparatus
GB899793A (en) * 1960-03-04 1962-06-27 Ass Elect Ind Improvements in and relating to furnaces
FR1417402A (en) * 1964-10-28 1965-11-12 Quenching machine for long parts and standing quenching
FR1554834A (en) * 1966-12-20 1969-01-24
CH478918A (en) * 1968-08-26 1969-09-30 Kaesermann & Sperisen S A Automatic installation for heat treatment of objects
FR2159511A1 (en) * 1971-11-12 1973-06-22 Degussa
DE2211286A1 (en) * 1972-03-09 1973-09-27 Aichelin Fa J Metal heat-treatment furnace - of space-saving design, used for both steel and non-ferrous metals

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
La Metallurgie, Vol. 103, No.2, Fevrier 1971 Paris (FR) F. JACQUES: "Ultilisation du Chauffage par Effet Joule dans les Traitements Thermiques sous Vide" pages 63-68 *

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4647017A (en) * 1984-12-19 1987-03-03 Stainbrook Norbert E Vacuum heat treating furnace and quench system with drop transfer
EP0221329A1 (en) * 1985-10-31 1987-05-13 Aichelin GmbH Process and device for quenching annealed stock
EP0295207A1 (en) * 1987-06-05 1988-12-14 Pierre Beuret Arrangement of bell-type furnace and quenching tank
EP0684318A1 (en) * 1994-04-29 1995-11-29 Leybold Durferrit GmbH Method and apparatus for quenching workpieces using an aqueous polymer solution
EP0806485A1 (en) * 1996-05-06 1997-11-12 Patherm SA Heat treatment installation
EP0973001A1 (en) * 1998-07-17 2000-01-19 Patherm SA Process for fastening or removing a load in a heat treatment installation with a bottomless furnace
FR2845695A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-16 Patherm Sa Heat treatment of a charge of metal components in a vertical furnace, combining thermochemical treatment and hardening operations, notable under pressure
WO2004033731A1 (en) * 2002-10-11 2004-04-22 Patherm Sa Heat treatment method for metal parts
WO2007073707A1 (en) * 2005-12-29 2007-07-05 Lac S.R.O. Furnace, particularly for thermal and chemotermal treatment of metal products
CN102634648A (en) * 2012-04-26 2012-08-15 广东世创金属科技有限公司 Pit furnace with protective atmosphere device and automatic workpiece transferring device in quenching
CN102980211A (en) * 2012-12-14 2013-03-20 湖南科技大学 Domestic multifunctional environmental protection and energy saving coal stove
CN102980211B (en) * 2012-12-14 2015-04-15 湖南科技大学 Domestic multifunctional environmental protection and energy saving coal stove
CN108453211A (en) * 2018-05-10 2018-08-28 嘉兴市乍浦杭湾重型机械有限公司 A kind of cooling device of automobile axle shaft forge die
CN112391518A (en) * 2020-10-29 2021-02-23 重庆长安工业(集团)有限责任公司 Mesh belt type resistance heating furnace muffle tank nitrogen gas conveying port mounting structure
CN113604635A (en) * 2021-07-27 2021-11-05 雷桂群 Tempering equipment for solar heat collector manufacturing system and tempering method thereof
CN113897479A (en) * 2021-09-10 2022-01-07 绩溪徽腾机械有限公司 Quenching equipment for chain pin shaft with high static load bending strength

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0070347A1 (en) Heat treating apparatus
FR2537999A1 (en) VACUUM CONTINUOUS HEAT TREATMENT FURNACE WITH COOLED GAS EQUIPMENT THROUGH GAS UNDER PRESSURE
EP0388333B1 (en) Apparatus for performing sequences of continous heat treatments in vacuum
FR2604378A1 (en) FOUNDRY APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF MOLDED METAL PIECES WITH ORIENTED STRUCTURE
EP0296102B1 (en) Device with several components for heat treatment
EP0533615B1 (en) Installation for the thermal treatment of successive charges
EP0148802B1 (en) Device for handling nuclear fuel assemblies, and an assembly suitable for this device
EP0785402B1 (en) Heat treatment installation for metallic article loads
WO1986005129A1 (en) Unit intended to restore the initial cleanness conditions in a quartz tube used as reaction chamber for fabricating integrated circuits
FR2638665A1 (en) MACHINE FOR CLEANING OBJECTS
EP0747493A2 (en) Heat treatment installation
EP0777537B1 (en) Facility for grinding and decontaminating waste, particularly hospital waste
EP0451048B1 (en) Process and apparatus for drying and degassing powders
EP1193317B1 (en) Installation for the heat treatment of metallic article loads
EP0785836B1 (en) Liquid metal heating and casting ladle
FR2605787A1 (en) FUEL HANDLING PLANT IN A FAST NEUTRAL NUCLEAR REACTOR
FR2464539A1 (en) CONTAINMENT SLAB CROSSING ASSEMBLY FOR IRRADIA NUCLEAR FUEL TRANSFER
EP0806485A1 (en) Heat treatment installation
CH360700A (en) Heat treatment furnace
FR2502380A1 (en) Transferring irradiated fuel elements between basins - using evacuable bell which is filled with water when contg. fuel elements
EP1092121B1 (en) Heat processing installation
FR2495894A1 (en) Bakery oven with multilevel conveyors in series - recycles vapour from later stage conveyors to moisten loaves in first baking stage
BE1005288A6 (en) Installation for the continuous treatment of a galvanised steel strip andprocess for using same
EP1205562A1 (en) Process and device for heat treating metal workpieces by immersion in a furnace
BE411513A (en)

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE FR GB IT LI LU NL SE

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19830704

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN

18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19840202

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: BEURET, PIERRE