EP0069320A1 - Matériaux de support pour plaques lithographiques, aux propriétés hydrophiles améliorées, procédés pour leur fabrication, et leur utilisation - Google Patents
Matériaux de support pour plaques lithographiques, aux propriétés hydrophiles améliorées, procédés pour leur fabrication, et leur utilisation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0069320A1 EP0069320A1 EP82105718A EP82105718A EP0069320A1 EP 0069320 A1 EP0069320 A1 EP 0069320A1 EP 82105718 A EP82105718 A EP 82105718A EP 82105718 A EP82105718 A EP 82105718A EP 0069320 A1 EP0069320 A1 EP 0069320A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- printing plates
- complex
- offset printing
- support material
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001242 acetic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N aldehydo-D-glucose Chemical class OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O GZCGUPFRVQAUEE-SLPGGIOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052910 alkali metal silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005137 alkenylsulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940027998 antiseptic and disinfectant acridine derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012736 aqueous medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003096 carboxylic acid amide acetal group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920003090 carboxymethyl hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromate(2-) Chemical class [O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O ZCDOYSPFYFSLEW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004700 cobalt complex Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M crystal violet Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C1[C+](C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 ZXJXZNDDNMQXFV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008049 diazo compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001752 diazonium salt group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O diazynium Chemical group [NH+]#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005670 electromagnetic radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-[3-(ethylamino)-6-ethylimino-2,7-dimethylxanthen-9-yl]benzoate;hydron;chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].C1=2C=C(C)C(NCC)=CC=2OC2=CC(=[NH+]CC)C(C)=CC2=C1C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC VYXSBFYARXAAKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940071106 ethylenediaminetetraacetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004673 fluoride salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920006158 high molecular weight polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920005684 linear copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001507 metal halide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005309 metal halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methacrylamide Chemical group CC(=C)C(N)=O FQPSGWSUVKBHSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005397 methacrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002715 modification method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000403 monosodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019799 monosodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propyl vinyl ketone Natural products CCCC(=O)C=C JTHNLKXLWOXOQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3C(N=C3C4=CC5=CC=CC=C5C=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=C2C(C=CC=C2)=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC3=CC=CC=C3C=C2C4=N1 LKKPNUDVOYAOBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical class C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxomolybdenum Chemical compound O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.O=[Mo](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O DHRLEVQXOMLTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036211 photosensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalocyanine Chemical compound N1C(N=C2C3=CC=CC=C3C(N=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C(=N4)N3)=N2)=C(C=CC=C2)C2=C1N=C1C2=CC=CC=C2C4=N1 IEQIEDJGQAUEQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZFTYTEXTMQFIEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylphosphinic acid Chemical compound OP(=O)CC=C ZFTYTEXTMQFIEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical class N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004053 quinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003252 quinoxalines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodamine B Chemical compound [Cl-].C=12C=CC(=[N+](CC)CC)C=C2OC2=CC(N(CC)CC)=CC=C2C=1C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O PYWVYCXTNDRMGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].OP(O)([O-])=O AJPJDKMHJJGVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000002023 somite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010561 standard procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010301 surface-oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,7-diazaspiro[4.5]decane-7-carboxylate Chemical compound C1N(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CCCC11CNCC1 ISIJQEHRDSCQIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DCXPBOFGQPCWJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium;iron(3+);hexacyanide Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] DCXPBOFGQPCWJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsilane Chemical group [SiH3]C=C UKRDPEFKFJNXQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
- B41N3/03—Chemical or electrical pretreatment
- B41N3/038—Treatment with a chromium compound, a silicon compound, a phophorus compound or a compound of a metal of group IVB; Hydrophilic coatings obtained by hydrolysis of organometallic compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41N—PRINTING PLATES OR FOILS; MATERIALS FOR SURFACES USED IN PRINTING MACHINES FOR PRINTING, INKING, DAMPING, OR THE LIKE; PREPARING SUCH SURFACES FOR USE AND CONSERVING THEM
- B41N3/00—Preparing for use and conserving printing surfaces
- B41N3/03—Chemical or electrical pretreatment
- B41N3/036—Chemical or electrical pretreatment characterised by the presence of a polymeric hydrophilic coating
Definitions
- the invention relates to plate, film or ribbon-shaped support materials for offset printing plates based on aluminum with a hydrophilic coating, a process for the production of these materials and the use of the materials in the production of offset printing plates.
- Backing materials for offset printing plates are provided either by the consumer directly or by the manufacturer of precoated printing plates on one or both sides with a light-sensitive layer (copying layer), with the aid of which a printing image is generated photomechanically.
- the support carries the printing image areas and at the same time forms the hydrophilic background for the lithographic printing process in the non-image areas (non-image areas).
- Aluminum, steel, copper, brass or zinc, but also plastic films or paper can be used as the base material for such layers. These raw materials are processed by suitable operations such as. B. grain, matt chrome plating, surface oxidation and / or application of an intermediate layer in layer support for offset printing plates.
- the use of salts of these compounds is also mentioned, but is not specified in detail.
- DE-AS 10 56 931 describes the use of water-soluble, linear copolymers based on alkyl vinyl ethers and maleic anhydrides in light-sensitive layers for printing plates.
- these copolymers those in which the maleic anhydride component has not been reacted with, or more or less completely, with ammonia, an alkali metal hydroxide or an alcohol are particularly hydrophilic.
- DE-AS 10 91 433 discloses the hydrophilization of printing plate support materials based on metals with film-forming organic polymers such as polymethacrylic acid or sodium carboxymethyl cellulose or hydroxyethyl cellulose in the case of aluminum supports or a copolymer of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydride in the case of magnesium supports.
- water-soluble polyfunctional amino-urea-aldehyde synthetic resins or sulfonated urea-aldehyde synthetic resins are first used, which are in a water-insoluble state on the metal support be cured.
- a process is used to densify anodized aluminum surfaces, in which a solution is used at a temperature of at least 90 ° C. and a pH of 5 to 6.5 is applied, the water-soluble phosphonic acids forming complexes with divalent metals or their Contains salts (such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid) and Ca 2+ ions; these solutions can also contain dextrins.
- salts such as 1-hydroxyethane-1,1-diphosphonic acid or aminotrimethylenephosphonic acid
- the layer weight of the hydrophilic: adhesive layer on cellulose ether is 0.2 to 1.1 mg / dm 2 , the same layer weight is also given for the water-soluble salts.
- the mixture of cellulose ether and salt is in aqueous solution, optionally with the addition of an organic solvent and / or a Ten - sids coated on the support.
- hydrophilizing agents for printing plate support materials according to US Pat. No. 4,049,746 contain salt-like reaction products of water-soluble polyacrylic resins with carboxyl groups and polyalkyleneimine-urea-aldehyde-carboxyl groups and polyalkyleneimine-urea-aldehyde resins.
- GB-PS 1 246 696 describes hydrophilic colloids such as hydroxyethyl cellulose, polyacrylamide, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, starch or gum arabic as hydrophilizing agents for anodized aluminum printing plate supports.
- the object of the invention is therefore to modify the hydrophilicity of support materials for offset printing plates in such a way that they are equally suitable as supports for positive, negative or electrophotographic photosensitive layers without the aforementioned disadvantages of known modification methods occurring.
- the invention is based on the known plate-, foil- or band-shaped carrier materials for offset printing plates on the basis of chemically, mechanically and / or electrochemically roughened, optionally an aluminum oxide layer produced by anodic oxidation or one of its alloys with a hydrophilic coating of at least one salt-like hydrophilic organic polymers on at least one surface of the carrier material.
- the carrier materials according to the invention are then characterized in that the salt-like hydrophilic organic polymer is a complex reaction product of a) a water-soluble organic polymer with acidic, phosphorus or sulfur-containing functional groups and b) a salt of an at least divalent metal cation.
- 1 to 3 preferably 2, coordination sites of the metal cation are occupied by the functional groups of the polymer, which probably acts as a chelating ligand.
- the water-soluble polymers used to produce the complex-type reaction products are in particular polvinylphosphonic acid, polyvinylmethylphosphinic acid, a phosphoric acid ester of polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinylsulfonic acid, polyvinylbenzenesulfonic acid, a sulfuric acid ester of polyvinyl alcohol or an acetal made of polyvinyl alcohol and a sulfonated aliphatic aldehyde.
- polyvinylmethylphosphinic acid these compounds are known from the literature.
- polyvinylmethylphosphinic acid is described for the first time in the simultaneously filed patent application P 31 26 627.4 (internal name Hoe 81 / K 038) entitled "Polyvinylmethylphosphinic acid, process for its preparation and its use”; it is produced by polymerizing vinylmethylphosphinic acid or its salts in the presence of radicals, by the action of electromagnetic radiation or by heating.
- the metal cations are generally used in the form of their salts with mineral acid anions or as acetates to prepare the complex-type reaction products; the divalent, trivalent or tetravalent, in particular the divalent, are preferred.
- the cations are in particular V 5+ , Bi 3+ , A1 3+ , Fe 3+ , Zr 4+ , Sn 4+ , Ca 2+ , Ba 2+ , Sr 2+ , Ti 3+ , Co 2+ , Fe 2+ , Mn 2+ , Ni 2+ , Cu 2+ , Zn 2+ or t, ig 2 + _ ions.
- the metal cation is present both in aqueous solution and in the solid state as an octahedral complex, preferably two of the six coordination are occupied by the functional groups of the polymer and the four remaining coordination sites are occupied by anions of the salt used, hydroxyl ions, amine ligands and to a large extent by water or completely by water.
- these products are soluble in more or less acidic media and are precipitated quantitatively when the acidic solution is neutralized with alkali hydroxide or ammonia; they are insoluble in neutral or alkaline aqueous and in the usual organic solvents.
- the products can be precipitated by neutralizing the reaction solution with dilute alkali hydroxide or ammonia solutions, the unreacted starting pro products remain in the solution.
- the yields of these reactions are over 90%.
- the acid forms of the polymers described it is also possible to use their salt forms with a monovalent cation such as sodium or ammonium salt.
- the specified structure is likely to be present primarily in acidic solutions ö- L, with the addition of aqueous alkali metal hydroxide or ammonia solutions a plurality of ligand exchange reactions are possible on such complexes. Since the functional groups of the polymers used for the synthesis of the complex-like reaction products can themselves interact with the metal cation as bidentate ligands, the following complex structures are also possible as reaction products: Such chelate complexes arise in particular if the polymer solution is slowly added to an excess of the metal salt.
- the isolated and dried complex-like reaction products are preferably in 0.1 to 10%, in particular 0.5 to 3%, mineral acids, preferably phosphoric acid, in concentrations of 0.05 to 5%. , especially in concentrations of 0.1 to 1%.
- the treatment of these substrates with the solutions of the complex reaction products is expediently carried out by dipping formats or by passing the substrate tape through a bath of these solutions. Temperatures from 20 ° to 95 ° C., preferably from 25 ° to 60 ° C. and residence times from 2 seconds to 10 minutes, preferably from 10 seconds to 3 minutes, are found to be the most favorable for practical use. An increase in the bath temperature favors the chemisorption of the polymer-metal complexes on the substrate. This makes it possible to reduce the dwell times considerably, particularly in the case of continuous strip treatment.
- the immersion treatment is then expediently followed by a rinsing step with water, primarily with tap water.
- This rinsing process can serve on the one hand to remove excess treatment solution from the carrier, on the other hand the acidic treatment solution on the carrier becomes so strong by dilution with water shifted from the neutral point that the dissolved complexes can precipitate in the pores of the substrate and are thus firmly fixed on the support.
- the substrate treated in this way is then expediently dried at temperatures of 110 ° to 130 ° C.
- the treatment of the aluminum substrate can also be carried out as a two-stage process.
- the substrate is immersed, for example, in a 0.2 to 10%, preferably 0.5 to 5%, aqueous solution of the starting polymer.
- the substrate can then be transferred without prior rinsing or drying into a second bath which contains a 0.1% to saturated, preferably 0.5 to 10% aqueous salt solution with the polyvalent metal ions listed above.
- the rinsing and drying is carried out as in the one-step process.
- the complex-like reaction products described above are formed on the substrate during the treatment.
- This variant of the process can also be used to apply the complex-like reaction products of trivalent metal ions which are difficult to dissolve in strongly acidic media to the substrate.
- the support materials according to the invention thus produced can then be coated with various light-sensitive layers for the production of offset printing plates.
- the aluminum support materials for printing plates which are very common in practice, are generally mechanically (e.g. by brushing and / or with abrasive treatments), chemically (e.g. by etching agents) or before the photosensitive layer is applied electrochemically roughened (e.g. by AC treatment in aqueous HCl or HNO 3 solutions).
- Aluminum printing plates with electrochemical roughening are used in particular for the present invention.
- the process parameters in the roughening stage are in the following ranges: the temperature of the electrolyte between 20 and.60 ° C, the active substance (acid, salt concentration between 5 and 100 g / l, the current density between 15 and 130 A / dm2, the dwell time between 10 and 100 sec and the electrolyte flow rate on the surface of the workpiece to be treated between 5 and 100 cm / sec; alternating current is usually used as the type of current, but there are also modified types of current such as alternating current with different amplitudes of the current intensity for the anode - and cathode current possible.
- the average roughness depth R of the roughened surface is in the range from about 1 to 15 pm, in particular in the range from 4 to 8 pm.
- the roughness depth is determined in accordance with DIN 4768 in the version from October 1970, the roughness depth R is then the arithmetic mean of the individual roughness depths of five adjacent individual measuring sections.
- the individual roughness depth is defined as the distance between two parallels to the middle line that touch the roughness profile at the highest or lowest point within the individual measurement sections.
- the single measuring section is the fifth part of the Length of the part of the roughness profile directly used for evaluation, projected perpendicular to the middle line.
- the middle line is the line parallel to the general direction of the roughness profile from the shape of the geometrically ideal profile, which divides the roughness profile so that the sum of the material-filled areas above it and the material-free areas below it are equal.
- Direct current is preferably used for the anodic oxidation, but it can also Alternating current or a combination of these types of current (e.g. direct current with superimposed alternating current) can be used.
- the layer weights of aluminum oxide range from 1 to 10 g / m 2 . , corresponding to a layer thickness of about 0.3 to 3.0 ⁇ m.
- all layers are suitable as light-sensitive layers which, after exposure, optionally with subsequent development and / or fixation, provide an imagewise surface from which printing can take place. They are either applied by the manufacturer of presensitized printing plates or directly by the consumer on one of the usual carrier materials.
- Negative-working condensation products from aromatic diazonium salts and compounds with active carbonyl groups preferably condensation products from diphenylamine diazonium salts and formaldehyde, which are described, for example, in DE-PS 596 731, 1 138 399, 1 138 400, 1 138 401, 1 142 871, 1 154 123 U.S. Patents 2,679,498 and 3,050,502 and GB Patent 712,606.
- Negative-working mixed condensation products of aromatic diazonium compounds for example according to DE-OS 20 24 244, which each have at least one unit of the general types A (-D) n and B connected by a double-bonded carbonyl compound capable of condensation have derived intermediate link.
- A is the remainder of a compound containing at least two aromatic carbocyclic and / or heterocyclic nuclei which is capable of condensing with an active carbonyl compound in an acidic medium at at least one position.
- D is a diazonium salt group attached to an aromatic carbon atom of A; n is an integer from 1 to 10; and B is the remainder of a compound free of diazonium groups and capable of condensing with an active carbonyl compound in an acidic medium at at least one position on the molecule.
- Positive-working layers according to DE-OS 26 10 842 which contain a compound which splits off acid when irradiated, a compound which has at least one C-O-C group which can be split off by acid (e.g. an orthocarboxylic acid ester group or a carboxylic acid amide acetal group) and, if appropriate, a binder.
- acid e.g. an orthocarboxylic acid ester group or a carboxylic acid amide acetal group
- Negative working layers made of photopolymerizable monomers, photoinitiators, binders and optionally other additives.
- the monomers used here are, for example, acrylic and methacrylic acid esters or reaction products of diisocyanates with partial esters of polyhydric alcohols, as described, for example, in US Pat. Nos. 2,760,863 and 3,060,023 and DE-OSes 20 64 079 and 23 61 041.
- Suitable photoinitiators include benzoin, benzoin ether, multinuclear quinones, acridine derivatives, phenazine derivatives, quin oxaline derivatives, quinazoline derivatives or synergistic mixtures of different ketones.
- soluble organic polymers can be used as binders, e.g. B. polyamides, polyesters, alkyd resins, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyethylene oxide, gelatin or cellulose ether.
- Negative working layers according to DE-OS 30 36 077 which contain a diazonium salt - polycondensation product or an organic azido compound as a photosensitive compound and a high molecular weight polymer with pendant alkenylsulfonyl or cycloalkenylsulfonylurethane groups as a binder.
- photoconductive layers such as z. B. in DE-PS 11 17 391, 15 22 497, 15 72 312, 23 22 046 and 23 22 047 are described, applied to the carrier materials produced according to the invention, whereby highly light-sensitive, electrophotographic printing plates are formed.
- the coated offset printing plates obtained from the carrier materials according to the invention are converted into the desired printing form in a known manner by imagewise exposure or irradiation and washing out of the non-image areas with a developer, preferably an aqueous developer solution.
- a developer preferably an aqueous developer solution.
- a bright rolled aluminum strip with a thickness of 0.3 mm is degreased with an aqueous alkaline 2% pickling solution at an elevated temperature of around 50 ° to 70 ° C.
- the electrochemical roughening of the aluminum surface is carried out with alternating current and in an electrolyte containing HNO 3 , a surface roughness having an R z value of 6 ⁇ m being obtained.
- the subsequent anodic oxidation is carried out in accordance with the process described in DE-OS 28 11 396 in an electrolyte containing sulfuric acid; the oxide weight is 3.0 g / m 2 .
- the aluminum strip prepared in this way is then passed through a 25 ° C. bath from a 0.5% solution (in 2% H 3 PO 4 ) of the polymer-metal complex composed of polyvinylphosphonic acid and Co 2+ ions.
- the residence time in the bath is 30 seconds.
- the excess solution is then removed with tap water in a rinsing step and the strip is dried with hot air at temperatures between 100 ° and 130 ° C.
- the printing plate produced in this way can be developed quickly and free of fog.
- the non-image areas are characterized by a very good ink-repelling effect.
- the contact angle measurement over a drop of water gave a value of 18 ° at the delaminated material Druckaufla g e is 200 000th
- the printing forms received are free of copying and printing technology.
- the non-image areas have a very good ink-repellent effect, which manifests itself in the fast free running of the printing form in the printing press.
- the print run is 120,000.
- the printing plates produced in this way are distinguished by the same advantages as indicated in Example 5.
- the D thus prepared is characterized smoothly form a significantly improved ink-repelling effect of the non-image areas from.
- Example 2 An aluminum sheet which had been electrochemically roughened and anodized in accordance with Example 2 was immersed in a 1% strength aqueous solution of polyvinylphosphonic acid at 50 ° C. for 30 seconds. When the substrate is removed from the bath, the excess solution becomes superficial doctored. Subsequently, the still moist substrate is immersed in a 2% aqueous solution of Al (NO 3 ) 3 .9H 2 0 for 30 seconds at room temperature, it is rinsed with tap water and dried with hot air (100 to 130 ° C.). The substrate treated in this way is then coated with the light-sensitive solution described in Example 3, exposed and developed.
- the printing plate produced in this way can be developed quickly and free of fog, the non-image areas are characterized by a very good ink-repelling effect.
- the contact angle measurement compared to a drop of water gave a value of 10 ° on the non-image areas.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
- Manufacture Or Reproduction Of Printing Formes (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AT82105718T ATE20327T1 (de) | 1981-07-06 | 1982-06-28 | Hydrophilierte traegermaterialien fuer offsetdruckplatten, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19813126636 DE3126636A1 (de) | 1981-07-06 | 1981-07-06 | Hydrophilierte traegermaterialien fuer offsetdruckplatten, ein verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und ihre verwendung |
DE3126636 | 1981-07-06 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0069320A1 true EP0069320A1 (fr) | 1983-01-12 |
EP0069320B1 EP0069320B1 (fr) | 1986-06-11 |
Family
ID=6136241
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP82105718A Expired EP0069320B1 (fr) | 1981-07-06 | 1982-06-28 | Matériaux de support pour plaques lithographiques, aux propriétés hydrophiles améliorées, procédés pour leur fabrication, et leur utilisation |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4427765A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0069320B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS5816893A (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE20327T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU556302B2 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR8203904A (fr) |
CA (1) | CA1178857A (fr) |
DE (2) | DE3126636A1 (fr) |
ES (2) | ES8402434A1 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI822366L (fr) |
ZA (1) | ZA824358B (fr) |
Cited By (9)
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EP0110417A2 (fr) * | 1982-12-02 | 1984-06-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Plaque lithographique présensibilisée |
EP0154200A1 (fr) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-11 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour le traitement postérieur hydrophilisant en deux étapes de couches d'oxyde d'aluminium avec solutions aqueuses et leur utilisation pour la fabrication de supports pour plaques d'impression offset |
EP0190643A2 (fr) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-13 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Matériau de supports hydrophilisés pour plaques d'impression offset, procédé de fabrication et leur emploi |
EP0468313A1 (fr) * | 1990-07-21 | 1992-01-29 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Plaques, feuilles ou matériel en forme de bandes comme support pour des plaques d'impression offset, procédé pour sa préparation et son utilisation |
EP0537633A1 (fr) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-04-21 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour le traitement de plaques lithographiques rendues rugueuses et anodisées et plaques lithographiques produites selon ce procédé |
EP0689941A1 (fr) | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-03 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Matériau de supports hydrophilisés et matériau d'enregistrement produit de celle-ci |
EP0776770A1 (fr) | 1995-11-25 | 1997-06-04 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Support d'aluminium ou ses alliages avec une couche hydrophile et procédé pour sa préparation |
EP1270259A2 (fr) | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-02 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Plaque blanche pour l'impression offset |
WO2012145162A1 (fr) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Substrats en aluminium et précurseurs de plaque d'impression lithographique |
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JPS59157248A (ja) * | 1983-02-28 | 1984-09-06 | Tohoku Metal Ind Ltd | 高透磁率合金およびその製造方法 |
DE3569703D1 (en) * | 1984-01-17 | 1989-06-01 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | Presensitized plate having an anodized aluminum base with an improved hydrophilic layer |
DE3418111A1 (de) * | 1984-05-16 | 1985-11-21 | Hoechst Ag, 6230 Frankfurt | Verfahren zur nachbehandlung von aluminiumoxidschichten mit phosphoroxo-anionen enthaltenden waessrigen loesungen und deren verwendung bei der herstellung von offsetdruckplattentraegern |
JPS6219494A (ja) * | 1985-07-18 | 1987-01-28 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 平版印刷版用支持体 |
US4640886A (en) * | 1985-10-10 | 1987-02-03 | Eastman Kodak Company | Subbed lithographic printing plate |
DE3615613A1 (de) * | 1986-05-09 | 1987-11-12 | Hoechst Ag | Lichtempfindliches gemisch und daraus hergestelltes lichtempfindliches aufzeichnungsmaterial |
DE3615612A1 (de) * | 1986-05-09 | 1987-11-12 | Hoechst Ag | Lichtempfindliches gemisch und daraus hergestelltes lichtempfindliches aufzeichnungsmaterial |
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DE4023271A1 (de) * | 1990-07-21 | 1992-01-23 | Hoechst Ag | Thermisch vernetzbare hydrophile mischpolymere sowie deren verwendung in der reprographie |
DE4023269A1 (de) * | 1990-07-21 | 1992-01-23 | Hoechst Ag | Hydrophile mischpolymere sowie deren verwendung in der reprographie |
US5254430A (en) * | 1991-01-31 | 1993-10-19 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Presensitized plate having anodized aluminum substrate, hydrophilic layer containing phosphonic or phosphinic compound and photosensitive layer containing O-quinone diazide compound |
US5230988A (en) * | 1991-03-12 | 1993-07-27 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Method of making lithographic printing plate |
US5368974A (en) * | 1993-05-25 | 1994-11-29 | Eastman Kodak Company | Lithographic printing plates having a hydrophilic barrier layer comprised of a copolymer of vinylphosphonic acid and acrylamide overlying an aluminum support |
US5493971A (en) * | 1994-04-13 | 1996-02-27 | Presstek, Inc. | Laser-imageable printing members and methods for wet lithographic printing |
DE69512321T2 (de) | 1994-06-16 | 2000-05-11 | Kodak Polychrome Graphics Llc, Norwalk | Lithographische Druckplatten mit einer oleophilen bilderzeugenden Schicht |
US5776655A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1998-07-07 | Eastman Kodak Company | Peel-developable lithographic printing plate |
JPH1159007A (ja) * | 1997-08-26 | 1999-03-02 | Fuji Photo Film Co Ltd | 感光性平版印刷版 |
GB9726994D0 (en) * | 1997-12-23 | 1998-02-18 | Ici Plc | Polymeric film |
US6014929A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 2000-01-18 | Teng; Gary Ganghui | Lithographic printing plates having a thin releasable interlayer overlying a rough substrate |
US6852464B2 (en) * | 2002-01-10 | 2005-02-08 | Kodak Polychrome Graphics, Llc | Method of manufacturing a thermally imageable element |
ES2195765B1 (es) * | 2002-01-29 | 2005-02-01 | Planchas Y Productos Para Offset Lithoplate, S.A. | Plancha para la impresion offset y procedimiento para su fabricacion. |
US7299749B2 (en) * | 2003-02-10 | 2007-11-27 | Fujifilm Corporation | Lithographic printing plate support and production method thereof |
JP4250490B2 (ja) | 2003-09-19 | 2009-04-08 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 平版印刷版用アルミニウム合金素板および平版印刷版用支持体 |
JP2005305740A (ja) * | 2004-04-20 | 2005-11-04 | Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic Inc | 感光性平版印刷版材料用アルミニウム板支持体、その製造方法及び感光性平版印刷版材料 |
JP4410714B2 (ja) | 2004-08-13 | 2010-02-03 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 平版印刷版用支持体の製造方法 |
EP1712368B1 (fr) | 2005-04-13 | 2008-05-14 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Procédé de fabrication d'un substrat pour plaque lithographique |
WO2008069977A1 (fr) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-06-12 | HENKEL AG & CO. KGAaA | Solution de zingage acide |
US20080305435A1 (en) * | 2007-06-05 | 2008-12-11 | Yasushi Miyamoto | Method of making lithographic printing plate substrate and imageable elements |
US7989115B2 (en) * | 2007-12-14 | 2011-08-02 | Gore Enterprise Holdings, Inc. | Highly stable fuel cell membranes and methods of making them |
JP2009208140A (ja) | 2008-03-06 | 2009-09-17 | Fujifilm Corp | 平版印刷版用アルミニウム合金板の製造方法、ならびに該製造方法により得られる平版印刷版用アルミニウム合金板および平版印刷版用支持体 |
EP2110261B1 (fr) | 2008-04-18 | 2018-03-28 | FUJIFILM Corporation | Plaque d'alliage en aluminium pour plaque d'impression lithographique, support de plaque d'impression lithographique, plaque présensibilisée, procédé de fabrication d'une plaque en alliage d'aluminium et procédé de fabrication du support de plaque d'impression lithographique |
US8053162B2 (en) * | 2008-06-17 | 2011-11-08 | Eastman Kodak Company | Substrate and imageable element with hydrophilic interlayer |
JP5296434B2 (ja) | 2008-07-16 | 2013-09-25 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | 平版印刷版用原版 |
US8883401B2 (en) | 2009-09-24 | 2014-11-11 | Fujifilm Corporation | Lithographic printing original plate |
KR101344792B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-17 | 2013-12-24 | 제일모직주식회사 | 하드마스크 조성물, 이를 사용한 패턴 형성 방법 및 상기 패턴을 포함하는 반도체 집적회로 디바이스 |
US9074162B1 (en) | 2014-02-07 | 2015-07-07 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Detergent compositions comprising vinylidene diphosphonic acid polymers |
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FR1260899A (fr) * | 1959-06-08 | 1961-05-12 | Gestetner Ltd | Perfectionnements aux plaques d'impression planographiques |
US3468725A (en) * | 1965-06-03 | 1969-09-23 | Kalle Ag | Process for the preparation of planographic printing plates |
US4153461A (en) * | 1967-12-04 | 1979-05-08 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Layer support for light-sensitive material adapted to be converted into a planographic printing plate |
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-
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- 1981-07-06 DE DE19813126636 patent/DE3126636A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1982
- 1982-06-21 ZA ZA824358A patent/ZA824358B/xx unknown
- 1982-06-22 CA CA000405713A patent/CA1178857A/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-06-23 US US06/391,131 patent/US4427765A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1982-06-28 AT AT82105718T patent/ATE20327T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-06-28 DE DE8282105718T patent/DE3271644D1/de not_active Expired
- 1982-06-28 EP EP82105718A patent/EP0069320B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1982-07-02 FI FI822366A patent/FI822366L/fi not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1982-07-05 AU AU85587/82A patent/AU556302B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1982-07-05 ES ES513734A patent/ES8402434A1/es not_active Expired
- 1982-07-05 BR BR8203904A patent/BR8203904A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-07-06 JP JP57116332A patent/JPS5816893A/ja active Granted
-
1983
- 1983-10-25 ES ES526743A patent/ES526743A0/es active Granted
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US3468725A (en) * | 1965-06-03 | 1969-09-23 | Kalle Ag | Process for the preparation of planographic printing plates |
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Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0110417A2 (fr) * | 1982-12-02 | 1984-06-13 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Plaque lithographique présensibilisée |
EP0110417A3 (en) * | 1982-12-02 | 1986-11-20 | Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd. | Presensitized lithographic plate |
EP0154200A1 (fr) * | 1984-02-21 | 1985-09-11 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour le traitement postérieur hydrophilisant en deux étapes de couches d'oxyde d'aluminium avec solutions aqueuses et leur utilisation pour la fabrication de supports pour plaques d'impression offset |
EP0190643A2 (fr) * | 1985-02-08 | 1986-08-13 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Matériau de supports hydrophilisés pour plaques d'impression offset, procédé de fabrication et leur emploi |
EP0190643A3 (en) * | 1985-02-08 | 1987-10-21 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Hydrophilized suppport material for lithographic printing plates, their production and use |
EP0468313A1 (fr) * | 1990-07-21 | 1992-01-29 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Plaques, feuilles ou matériel en forme de bandes comme support pour des plaques d'impression offset, procédé pour sa préparation et son utilisation |
EP0537633A1 (fr) * | 1991-10-16 | 1993-04-21 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Procédé pour le traitement de plaques lithographiques rendues rugueuses et anodisées et plaques lithographiques produites selon ce procédé |
US5314787A (en) * | 1991-10-16 | 1994-05-24 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Process for treating lithographic printing forms and lithographic printing forms produced thereby |
EP0689941A1 (fr) | 1994-07-01 | 1996-01-03 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Matériau de supports hydrophilisés et matériau d'enregistrement produit de celle-ci |
EP0776770A1 (fr) | 1995-11-25 | 1997-06-04 | Hoechst Aktiengesellschaft | Support d'aluminium ou ses alliages avec une couche hydrophile et procédé pour sa préparation |
EP1270259A2 (fr) | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-02 | Agfa-Gevaert N.V. | Plaque blanche pour l'impression offset |
WO2012145162A1 (fr) * | 2011-04-19 | 2012-10-26 | Eastman Kodak Company | Substrats en aluminium et précurseurs de plaque d'impression lithographique |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ES8406123A1 (es) | 1984-07-01 |
CA1178857A (fr) | 1984-12-04 |
ES526743A0 (es) | 1984-07-01 |
ES513734A0 (es) | 1984-02-01 |
JPS5816893A (ja) | 1983-01-31 |
ZA824358B (en) | 1983-04-27 |
DE3271644D1 (en) | 1986-07-17 |
FI822366A0 (fi) | 1982-07-02 |
AU556302B2 (en) | 1986-10-30 |
AU8558782A (en) | 1983-01-13 |
BR8203904A (pt) | 1983-06-28 |
JPH0342199B2 (fr) | 1991-06-26 |
FI822366L (fi) | 1983-01-07 |
DE3126636A1 (de) | 1983-01-27 |
EP0069320B1 (fr) | 1986-06-11 |
US4427765A (en) | 1984-01-24 |
ATE20327T1 (de) | 1986-06-15 |
ES8402434A1 (es) | 1984-02-01 |
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