EP0067746B1 - Abschabbare Dichtschicht und Herstellungsmethode für dieselbe - Google Patents

Abschabbare Dichtschicht und Herstellungsmethode für dieselbe Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0067746B1
EP0067746B1 EP82400966A EP82400966A EP0067746B1 EP 0067746 B1 EP0067746 B1 EP 0067746B1 EP 82400966 A EP82400966 A EP 82400966A EP 82400966 A EP82400966 A EP 82400966A EP 0067746 B1 EP0067746 B1 EP 0067746B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
binder
support
microballs
projection
hollow
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82400966A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0067746A1 (de
Inventor
Claude Marcel Mons
Michel Jean-Pierre Pernot
Roland Roger Spinat
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Safran Aircraft Engines SAS
Original Assignee
Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA filed Critical Societe Nationale dEtude et de Construction de Moteurs dAviation SNECMA
Publication of EP0067746A1 publication Critical patent/EP0067746A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0067746B1 publication Critical patent/EP0067746B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
    • C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
    • C23C4/06—Metallic material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
    • F01D11/122—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part with erodable or abradable material
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/922—Bonding or joining for manufacture of seal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
    • Y10S277/935—Seal made of a particular material
    • Y10S277/939—Containing metal
    • Y10S277/941—Aluminum or copper
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/1266—O, S, or organic compound in metal component
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/25—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component and including a second component containing structurally defined particles
    • Y10T428/252—Glass or ceramic [i.e., fired or glazed clay, cement, etc.] [porcelain, quartz, etc.]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
    • Y10T428/2982—Particulate matter [e.g., sphere, flake, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2991—Coated
    • Y10T428/2993—Silicic or refractory material containing [e.g., tungsten oxide, glass, cement, etc.]
    • Y10T428/2996—Glass particles or spheres

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a seal capable of being worn by abrasion to be placed in contact with a rotor area of a rotating machine in order to obtain a relative seal.
  • seals are placed around the movable blades of rotor stages of axial turbomachines in order to eliminate air or gas leaks which can affect the efficiency of these stages.
  • the seal produced by the method according to the invention is of the kind constituted by a dispersion of hollow microbeads in a binder ensuring the cohesion of the microbeads between them and their connection with a metal support (which is for example a machine ring).
  • French patent 1,565,344 describes a seal liable to be worn by abrasion of the aforementioned type in which the hollow microbeads are made of an aluminum alloy with at least one metal from the group of iron, nickel and cobalt while the binder is advantageously a solder containing at least one metal from the group consisting of copper, nickel and silver.
  • the joint is for example made by depositing a mixture of microbeads and an alloy powder of the binder on the support (which may include a honeycomb frame, the cells are filled with the mixture) and by heating the assembly to a suitable temperature.
  • GB-A-2 056 502 describes a powder coating material comprising hollow microspheres of alumino-siliceous glass which have been covered with a metallic alloy. This powder can be mixed before spraying with a torch with another metallic or ceramic powder.
  • the alloy covering the hollow microbeads is preferably based on nickel or cobalt and may contain aluminum, chromium and additionally one or more rare earths and / or silicon. The coatings obtained are envisaged for gas turbine parts.
  • the invention is based on the observation that we now have on the market of hollow microbeads made of refractory materials capable of undergoing without significant deformation or fragmentation the mechanical stresses generated by a torch projection (plasma torch or oxy-acetylene pistol) .
  • the seal capable of being worn by abrasion of the invention constituted as already indicated by a dispersion of hollow microbeads in a metallic binder secured to a metallic support, comprises hollow microbeads made of an refractory organic material whose melting start temperature is significantly higher than the melting start temperatures of the support material and of the binder material.
  • metallic binder is understood here to mean a binder made of a metallic alloy or of an intermetallic compound.
  • the binder material can comprise the same basic components as the alloy constituting the support: aluminum, nickel, chromium, cobalt, yttrium or magnesium zirconate.
  • the method of the invention of the aforementioned kind for producing, by spraying with a torch in a manner known per se, a seal capable of being worn by abrasion is characterized in that said pulverulent product is formed during the projection in mixing a powder of hollow microbeads made of a material chosen from the group consisting of alumina, aluminum silicate and carbon and not coated with a powder of grains made of a metallic material more rapidly fusible than the material of microbeads.
  • a remarkable result and an advantage of the method according to the invention is that, during projection, the bonding of the metal grains with each other, with the microbeads and with the support under the thermomechanical effect of said projection is carried out without significant deformation or fragmentation. hollow microbeads.
  • hollow microbeads is understood to mean hollow spherules whose diameter does not exceed 200 microns.
  • FIG. 1 in fact represents an installation for spraying powder by plasma of the known type. Only the essential elements are represented. Tailed arrows show the direction of circulation of the powder to be sprayed and unstained arrows show the direction of circulation of the gas (es). FIG. 1 does not show, for example, the automatic control members, the vibrators, etc. which can be fitted to such an apparatus.
  • the support 31 of the joint to be formed is fixed to a holding part 28 which symbolizes the fixing and drive elements, such as plates, rollers, etc. which make it possible to print on the support 31, in cooperation with means control associated with the torch 20 and not shown, all the relative movements of translation or rotation required by the execution of the joint.
  • Figure 1 can be very easily automated.
  • the plasma torch 20 can be replaced by any other means of hot spraying such as an oxy-acetylene gun.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the structure of the joint obtained.
  • the matrix 33 constituted by the binder adheres intimately to the metal support 31 and fixes the hollow microbeads 32. The dimensions of these have been very exaggerated compared to the thickness of the joint itself greatly enlarged.
  • hollow microbeads the main thing is that they can withstand the mechanical and thermal stresses caused by spraying and that they are chemically inert with respect to the binder and the gas used for spraying.
  • the material which constitutes them can be a refractory ceramic such as alumina, an aluminum silicate, a residue of coke, etc ... They must however be sufficiently fragile to be fragmented by the action of the rotating parts in contact with the seal without damaging said parts and without escaping from the matrix.
  • Their diameter can vary from 10 to 200 microns. It can be larger the thicker the joint.
  • the proportions of the mixture used in the spraying equipment it may be indicated that the best results are generally obtained when the proportion by volume of the microbeads in this mixture is from 50 to 90%.
  • the phenomena involved in the spraying operation are extremely complex and the operating parameters (support temperature, temperature and spraying rate) can only be adjusted experimentally. These parameters depend in fact not only on the dimensions of the hollow microbeads, on their melting temperature and on the melting temperature of the binder, but also on the calorific characteristics of these constituents, such as their calorific capacities, their coefficient of thermal conductivity and diffusivity. , or their chemical reactivity.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (12)

1. Verfahren zur Herstellung einer aus einer Dispersion von hohlen Mikrokugeln in einem Bindemittel bestehenden, fest mit einem Trägerteil verbundenen, durch Abrieb verschleissbaren Dichtung, bei dem die aus einem anorganischen hitzbeständigen Werkstoff hergestellten hohlen Mikrokugeln und der Werkstoff des Bindemittels in an sich bekannter Weise durch Flammspritzen in Form eines pulverförmigen Produkts auf dem Trägerteil angebracht werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das pulverförmige Produkt beim Flammspritzen gebildet wird, indem ein Pulver aus hohlen Mikrokugeln, die aus einem Werkstoff hergestellt sind, der aus der Aluminiumoxid, Aluminiumsilikat und Kohlstoff enthaltenden Gruppe ausgewählt und nicht überzogen ist, mit einem Pulver aus Körnern gemischt wird, die aus einem metallischen Werkstoff hergestellt sind, der leichter schmelzbar ist als der Werkstoff der Mikrokugeln.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Spritzen mit einer Plasma-Flamme durchgeführt wird.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Spritzen mit einer Oxyazethylen-Pistole durchgeführt wird.
4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Durchmesser der Mikrokugeln im Bereich zwischen 10 und 200 11m liegt.
5. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Volumenanteil der Mikrokugeln in der Mischung 50% bis 90% beträgt.
6. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels eine Legierung auf Nickel- oder Kobaltbasis ist.
7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels ausserdem Chrom enthält.
8. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6 oder 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels ausserdem Aluminium enthält.
9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels ausserdem Yttrium enthält.
10. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels eine Metall-Keramik ist.
11. Verfahren nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels Magnesiumzirkonat ist.
12. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 6 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Werkstoff des Bindemittels eine Metallegierung ist, die dieselben Grundbestandteile enthält wie die Legierung des Trägerteils.
EP82400966A 1981-06-12 1982-05-26 Abschabbare Dichtschicht und Herstellungsmethode für dieselbe Expired EP0067746B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8111564 1981-06-12
FR8111564A FR2507729B1 (fr) 1981-06-12 1981-06-12 Joint susceptible d'etre use par abrasion et son procede de realisation

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0067746A1 EP0067746A1 (de) 1982-12-22
EP0067746B1 true EP0067746B1 (de) 1987-08-05

Family

ID=9259429

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82400966A Expired EP0067746B1 (de) 1981-06-12 1982-05-26 Abschabbare Dichtschicht und Herstellungsmethode für dieselbe

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4423097A (de)
EP (1) EP0067746B1 (de)
DE (1) DE3276911D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2507729B1 (de)

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DE102009016803A1 (de) * 2009-04-09 2010-10-14 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Labyrinth-Anstreifdichtung für eine Strömungsmaschine
FR2947568B1 (fr) * 2009-07-02 2011-07-22 Snecma Revetement de protection thermique pour une piece de turbomachine et son procede de realisation
WO2014120117A1 (en) * 2013-01-29 2014-08-07 United Technologies Corporation Blade rub material
EP2871330A1 (de) * 2013-11-07 2015-05-13 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Strömungsmaschine mit einer Beschichtung, Verwendung eines Kunststoffes zur Beschichtung und Verfahren zum Beschichten einer Strömungsmaschine
US10539036B2 (en) 2014-01-14 2020-01-21 United Technologies Corporation Abradable seal having nanolayer material
US10036402B2 (en) * 2014-05-14 2018-07-31 United Technologies Corporation Max phase reinforced polymer matrix composite abradables with enhanced thermal conductivity
US10030532B2 (en) * 2015-04-22 2018-07-24 United Technologies Corporation Abradable seal with thermally conductive microspheres
US20180179623A1 (en) * 2016-12-22 2018-06-28 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Thermal spray deposition of hollow microspheres
RU2699340C2 (ru) * 2017-12-18 2019-09-04 Акционерное общество "Завод "Композит" (АО "Завод "Композит") Спеченный уплотнительный материал для газотурбинных двигателей
US10851711B2 (en) 2017-12-22 2020-12-01 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Thermal barrier coating with temperature-following layer
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US11313280B2 (en) * 2020-07-16 2022-04-26 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine including seal assembly with abradable coating and cutter
US11313281B2 (en) * 2020-07-16 2022-04-26 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine including seal assembly with abradable coating including magnetic particles
US11293351B2 (en) * 2020-07-16 2022-04-05 Raytheon Technologies Corporation Gas turbine engine including seal assembly with abradable coating including magnetic particles embedded in polymer

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0067746A1 (de) 1982-12-22
DE3276911D1 (en) 1987-09-10
FR2507729B1 (fr) 1986-08-22
US4423097A (en) 1983-12-27
FR2507729A1 (fr) 1982-12-17

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