EP0065118B1 - Excavator - Google Patents

Excavator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0065118B1
EP0065118B1 EP82103387A EP82103387A EP0065118B1 EP 0065118 B1 EP0065118 B1 EP 0065118B1 EP 82103387 A EP82103387 A EP 82103387A EP 82103387 A EP82103387 A EP 82103387A EP 0065118 B1 EP0065118 B1 EP 0065118B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
support
wheel
superstructure
axis
excavator
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82103387A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0065118A3 (en
EP0065118A2 (en
Inventor
Ernst Menzi
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Ernst Menzi AG
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Ernst Menzi AG
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Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from AT217381A external-priority patent/AT373941B/en
Priority claimed from AT521581A external-priority patent/AT379629B/en
Application filed by Ernst Menzi AG filed Critical Ernst Menzi AG
Publication of EP0065118A2 publication Critical patent/EP0065118A2/en
Publication of EP0065118A3 publication Critical patent/EP0065118A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0065118B1 publication Critical patent/EP0065118B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F3/00—Dredgers; Soil-shifting machines
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/02—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears
    • E02F9/024—Travelling-gear, e.g. associated with slewing gears with laterally or vertically adjustable wheels or tracks
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02F—DREDGING; SOIL-SHIFTING
    • E02F9/00—Component parts of dredgers or soil-shifting machines, not restricted to one of the kinds covered by groups E02F3/00 - E02F7/00
    • E02F9/08—Superstructures; Supports for superstructures
    • E02F9/085—Ground-engaging fitting for supporting the machines while working, e.g. outriggers, legs

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an excavator consisting of a support frame, each with a pair of support arms on opposite sides thereof, on which wheels and / or footrests are arranged, and a superstructure rotatable about an approximately vertical axis relative to the support frame, on which a digging, cutting - or machining tool-carrying boom attacks, wherein at least one height-adjustable wheel is arranged on the superstructure, and at least one of the wheels arranged on the superstructure and on the support arms is designed to be driven.
  • Excavators of this type are very mobile and can therefore be used in the most difficult terrain, because to move the excavator, the front end of the support frame is raised during operation by supporting the digging tool against the ground, the excavator by moving the Tool carrying boom moved back and forth or steered by turning the superstructure and then lowered back onto the footrests, so that the excavator moves gradually by repeating these operations.
  • To adapt the excavator to uneven terrain it is known to pivot each support arm independently and independently of the others in a vertical plane. However, only a so-called walking movement is possible here.
  • an excavator is known (WO-A-7 900 651), in which a pair of support arms are arranged on opposite sides on each support frame, on which wheels and footrests are held.
  • a superstructure which can be rotated about an approximately vertical axis relative to the supporting frame and on which a boom carrying digging, cutting or processing tools acts is arranged on the supporting frame.
  • a height-adjustable wheel is arranged on the superstructure, and at least one of the wheels is also driven.
  • the present invention has therefore set itself the task of improving the maneuverability of the excavator regardless of the distance of the support arms by a significantly larger steering angle in an excavator of the type mentioned above, which can perform both a pure walking movement and a pure driving movement .
  • the height-adjustable wheel on a rotatable superstructure adjustable support part is held pivotable about an axis lying in a vertical plane and approximately vertically aligned in the driving position, that the wheel is mounted in an approximately U- or L-shaped support arm and this support arm is pivotally connected to the support member, and that the pivot axis between the support arm and support member in the operating position of the wheel and the axis of rotation of the Hades are arranged at a distance from each other seen in the horizontal direction.
  • the support arms with their holding claws come into contact with the surface again and the support of the excavator for work is prepared again.
  • the support arms therefore do not have to be swiveled to the side or upwards or anywhere in order to carry out a short drive of the excavator to a new working position, since a strong steering lock is possible in a confined space.
  • the bearing of the wheel in an approximately U-shaped or L-shaped support arm results in a structurally simple but effective solution for achieving a large steering angle even without additional twisting of the superstructure.
  • the excavator consists of a support frame 1, a pair of support arms 2 and 3 being arranged on opposite sides of the support frame 1. Wheels 4 and footrests 5 are arranged on these support arms.
  • the superstructure 6 of the excavator can be rotated with respect to the supporting frame 1 about an approximately vertical axis 7.
  • a boom 8 acts on this superstructure 6, only part of this boom 8 being shown. Digging, cutting or machining tools are then arranged at the free end of this boom 8, the movement of the boom and these tools being effected by hydraulic cylinders.
  • a height-adjustable wheel 9 is arranged on the superstructure 6.
  • One or both wheels 4 can be equipped with a hydraulic drive in order to achieve a driving movement.
  • the wheel 9 is therefore provided on the side of the superstructure 6 opposite the bearing 8.
  • a supporting part 20 is connected to the superstructure 6 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis 21, wherein this supporting part 20 can be pivoted downwards into a driving position or upwards into a rest position by hydraulic cylinders 12.
  • the wheel 9 is held in an approximately U-shaped support arm 23, the support arm 23 being pivotable about the axis 22 relative to the support part 20.
  • This axis 22 lies in an approximately vertical plane and is oriented approximately vertically in the driving position (FIG. 1), the angle of the axis 22 to the vertical depending on the adjustment angle of the support part 20 correspondingly deviating from the vertical. It only has to be achieved that the wheel 9 receives a steering lock by rotating the support arm 23 about the axis 22.
  • the wheels 4 and 9 can be dimensioned differently or also have the same size (diameter, width).
  • the pivot axis 22 between the support arm 23 and the support part 20 seen in the operating position of the wheel 9 is arranged at a horizontal distance from the axis of rotation 24 of the wheel 9.
  • a hydraulic cylinder 25 is provided which engages both on the support arm 23 and on the support part 20.
  • This hydraulic cylinder 25 engages on one leg of the U-shaped support arm 23, so that the support arm 23 is pivoted about the axis 22 when the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is pushed out or retracted.
  • the support part 20 is shown in the drawing as a closed plate, but here different design variants can be selected. A pure frame construction is also possible. If appropriate, it would also be possible with a corresponding structural design to provide only one hydraulic cylinder 12 instead of the two hydraulic cylinders 12 for pivoting the support part 20.
  • the structural design of the support arm can also be carried out in various ways. So it would also be conceivable to provide only a type of L-shaped design for the support arm 23, so that the wheel 9 can then be attached to one leg of this support arm 23 in a floating manner.
  • the excavator When digging or doing other work, the excavator is in a position where the boom is lies between the two support arms 2, that is to say in a position pivoted by 180 ° with respect to the illustration in FIGS. 1 and 2. If a longer distance is now to be covered with the excavator, it can be switched over to driving operation in a simple manner, namely by initially rotating the superstructure 6 about the vertical axis 7 by approximately 180 °, so that the supporting frame 1 and thus remain in the same position the support arms 2 and 3 of the boom 8 now point in the other direction, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Now the wheel 9 with the support member 20 can be pivoted downwards by the hydraulic cylinders 12, so that the wheel 9 is supported on the drivable floor. The support arms 2 and thus the footrests 5 are raised solely by correspondingly depressing the wheel 9. Of course, it is also possible to additionally raise the footrests 5 by actuating the hydraulic cylinders 15.
  • steering can be carried out additionally or separately from the steering movement by rotating the superstructure, so that curves with a relatively small radius can also be traveled in a simple manner.
  • the superstructure can remain aligned in the longitudinal direction of the excavator, especially in narrow passages, so that in such cases the wheel alone can be pivoted relative to the height-adjustable support part.
  • a pivotable support part 20 there are of course also other possibilities for arranging the wheel 9 so that it can be adjusted in height.
  • a configuration according to the invention can also be used in excavators, in which, for example, footrests and wheels are alternately used on the support arms 3. These wheels are then lowered according to a driving movement and the footrests are raised. At least three wheels are then required for a real driving movement.
  • the configuration according to the invention is thus designed in a structurally simple manner so that it functions as a walking excavator at work so that it can be continuously and quickly converted into a mobile excavator with great maneuverability when needed.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Bagger, bestehend aus einem Tragrahmen mit je einem Paar Tragarmen an gegenüberliegenden Seiten desselben, an welchen Räder und/oder Fußstützen angeordnet sind, und einem um eine annähernd vertikale Achse gegenüber dem Tragrahmen verdrehbaren Oberbau, an welchem ein Grab-, Schneid- oder Bearbeitungswerkzeug tragender Ausleger angreift, wobei am Oberbau wenigstens ein höhenverstellbares Rad angeordnet ist, und wenigstens eines der am Oberbau und an den Tragarmen angeordneten Räder angetrieben ausgeführt ist.The invention relates to an excavator consisting of a support frame, each with a pair of support arms on opposite sides thereof, on which wheels and / or footrests are arranged, and a superstructure rotatable about an approximately vertical axis relative to the support frame, on which a digging, cutting - or machining tool-carrying boom attacks, wherein at least one height-adjustable wheel is arranged on the superstructure, and at least one of the wheels arranged on the superstructure and on the support arms is designed to be driven.

Bagger dieser Art (AT-A-305 910) sind sehr beweglich und daher bei schwierigsten Geländeverhältnissen einsetzbar, denn zur Fortbewegung des Baggers wird das vordere Ende des Tragrahmens während des Betriebes durch Abstützen des Grabwerkzeuges gegen den Erdboden angehoben, der Bagger durch Bewegung des das Werkzeug tragenden Auslegers vorund zurückbewegt bzw. durch Drehen des Oberbaues gelenkt und dann wieder auf die Fußstützen abgesenkt, so daß sich der Bagger durch Wiederholung dieser Betätigungen schrittweise fortbewegt. Zur Anpassung des Baggers an Geländeunebenheiten ist es bekannt, jeden Tragarm für sich und unabhängig von den anderen in einer Vertikalebene schwenkbar zu lagern. Es ist hier aber lediglich eine sogenannte Schreitbewegung möglich.Excavators of this type (AT-A-305 910) are very mobile and can therefore be used in the most difficult terrain, because to move the excavator, the front end of the support frame is raised during operation by supporting the digging tool against the ground, the excavator by moving the Tool carrying boom moved back and forth or steered by turning the superstructure and then lowered back onto the footrests, so that the excavator moves gradually by repeating these operations. To adapt the excavator to uneven terrain, it is known to pivot each support arm independently and independently of the others in a vertical plane. However, only a so-called walking movement is possible here.

Um solche Bagger an eine Baustelle zu bringen oder von einer Arbeitsstelle zur anderen, besteht praktisch nur die Möglichkeit, den Bagger als Anhängefahrzeug zu transportieren. Wenn die Fortbewegung im Gelände oder auf einer Straße durch die Schreitbewegung erfolgt, ergeben sich einerseits Beschädigungen an dem Untergrund durch das Eingreifen der Grabwerkzeuge und andererseits ist die zu erzielende Fortbewegungsgeschwindigkeit doch sehr gering.In order to bring such excavators to a construction site or from one job to another, there is practically only the possibility to transport the excavator as a trailer vehicle. If the locomotion takes place in the field or on a street due to the walking movement, on the one hand damage to the ground results from the intervention of the digging tools and on the other hand the locomotion speed to be achieved is nevertheless very low.

Es ist bereits eine Ausführung bekannt geworden (DE-B-2807 517), bei welcher eine Kombination einer Schreitbewegung und einer reinen Fahrbewegung angestrebt wird. Es werden zu diesem Zweck an den freien Enden der Tragarme sowohl Räder als auch Fußstützen angeordnet, welche je nach Bedarf abgesenkt werden. Bei Grabarbeiten sind die Fußstützen im Einsatz und die Räder entsprechend angehoben, wogegen bei einem Verfahren des Baggers zu einer anderen Baustelle die Räder abgesenkt und die Fußstützen angehoben werden. Einerseits ist es bei einer derartigen Ausgestaltung notwendig, zusätzliche Möglichkeiten vorzusehen, um überhaupt eine Lenkung dieser an den freien Enden der Tragarme vorgesehenen Räder zu bewirken und andererseits stellen diese stets an den freien Enden der Tragarme angeordnete Räder und Fußstützen ein Platzproblem dar.An embodiment has already become known (DE-B-2807 517) in which a combination of a walking movement and a pure driving movement is sought. For this purpose, both wheels and footrests are arranged on the free ends of the support arms, which are lowered as required. When digging, the footrests are in use and the wheels are raised accordingly, whereas if the excavator moves to another construction site, the wheels are lowered and the footrests are raised. On the one hand, with such a configuration, it is necessary to provide additional possibilities for steering these wheels provided at the free ends of the support arms, and on the other hand, these wheels and footrests always arranged on the free ends of the support arms represent a space problem.

Weiters ist ein Bagger bekannt (WO-A-7 900 651), bei welchem an einen Tragrahmen je ein Paar Tragarme an gegenüberliegenden Seiten angeordnet sind, an welchen Räder und Fußstützen gehalten werden. Auf dem Tragrahmen ist ein um eine annähernd vertikale Achse gegenüber dem Tragrahmen verdrehbarer Oberbau angeordnet, an welchem ein Grab-, Schneid- oder Bearbeitungswerkzeuge tragender Ausleger angreift. Am Oberbau ist ein höhenverstellbares Rad angeordnet, und ferner ist wenigstens eines der Räder angetrieben ausgeführt.Furthermore, an excavator is known (WO-A-7 900 651), in which a pair of support arms are arranged on opposite sides on each support frame, on which wheels and footrests are held. A superstructure which can be rotated about an approximately vertical axis relative to the supporting frame and on which a boom carrying digging, cutting or processing tools acts is arranged on the supporting frame. A height-adjustable wheel is arranged on the superstructure, and at least one of the wheels is also driven.

Wenn bei dieser bekannten Ausführung ein Lenkvorgang stattfindet, dann müssen die Tragarme und die entsprechenden Haltepratzen besonders weit weggeschwenkt werden, damit überhaupt ein geringfügiger Einschlag beim Lenken hervorgerufen werden kann. Dies besonders auch deshalb, weil solche Räder gemäß der bekannten Ausführung zu beiden Seiten des Oberbaues angeordnet sind. Da das hier höhenverstellbare Rad relativ weit von der Drehachse des Oberbaues entfernt liegt, müßte ein großer Lenkeinschlag des gesamten Oberbaues und somit auch des Auslegers und des Rades erfolgen, um einen entsprechenden Kurvenradius beim Fahren zu erreichen.If a steering process takes place in this known embodiment, then the support arms and the corresponding holding claws must be pivoted particularly far away, so that a slight turning can be caused when steering. This is particularly also because such wheels are arranged on both sides of the superstructure according to the known design. Since the height-adjustable wheel is located relatively far from the axis of rotation of the superstructure, the entire superstructure, and therefore also the boom and the wheel, would have to be turned very large in order to achieve a corresponding curve radius when driving.

Es ist nicht immer möglich, allein durch das Verschwenken des Oberbaues einen genügenden Lenkeinschlag zu erreichen, so insbesondere auch in engen Durchfahrten, wo ja bei einem Ausschwenken des Oberbaues der Ausleger mit in die entgegengesetzte Richtung ausschwenkt und somit ein Hindernis darstellen würde. Außerdem ist der Lenkeinschlag zusammen mit dem Oberbau nur in einen bestimmten Bereich möglich, da ansonsten die bei einer Arbeit am Boden abgestützten Tragarme entfernt werden müßten.It is not always possible to achieve a sufficient steering angle simply by swiveling the superstructure, especially in narrow passages, where the boom swings out in the opposite direction when the superstructure is swung out and would therefore represent an obstacle. In addition, the steering lock together with the superstructure is only possible in a certain area, since otherwise the support arms supported when working on the ground would have to be removed.

Die vorliegende Erfindung hat sich daher zur Aufgabe gestellt, bei einem Bagger der eigangs genannten Art, welcher sowohl eine reine Schreitbewegung als auch eine reine Fahrbewegung durchführen kann, bei einer Fahrbewegung die Manövrierfähigkeit des Baggers unabhängig vom Abstand der Tragarme durch einen wesentlich größeren Lenkeinschlag zu verbessern.The present invention has therefore set itself the task of improving the maneuverability of the excavator regardless of the distance of the support arms by a significantly larger steering angle in an excavator of the type mentioned above, which can perform both a pure walking movement and a pure driving movement .

Erfindungsgemäß wird dazu vorgeschlagen, daß das höhenverstellbare Rad an einem am drehbaren Oberbau höhenverstellbaren Tragteil um eine in einer vertikalen Ebene liegende und in Fahrstellung annähernd vertikal ausgerichtete Achse verschwenkbar gehalten ist, daß das Rad in einem annähernd U- oder L-förmigen Tragarm gelagert ist und dieser Tragarm verschwenkbar mit dem Tragteil verbunden ist, und daß die Schwenkachse zwischen Tragarm und Tragteil in Einsatzstellung des Rades und die Drehachse des Hades in horizontaler Richtung gesehen mit Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind.According to the invention it is proposed that the height-adjustable wheel on a rotatable superstructure adjustable support part is held pivotable about an axis lying in a vertical plane and approximately vertically aligned in the driving position, that the wheel is mounted in an approximately U- or L-shaped support arm and this support arm is pivotally connected to the support member, and that the pivot axis between the support arm and support member in the operating position of the wheel and the axis of rotation of the Hades are arranged at a distance from each other seen in the horizontal direction.

Durch diese erfindungsgemäßen Maßnahmen ist ein großer Lenkeinschlag möglich, auch wenn die Tragarme nur geringfügig vom Boden abgehoben sind, da eben dieser Lenkeinschlag im Bereich zwischen diesen Tragarmen erreicht wird allein durch ein Verschwenken des Rades. Dies ist besonders deshalb von wesentlicher Bedeutung, weil ja ein Weiterrücken zu einer neuen Arbeitspoaition, insbesondere bei der Herstellung von Gräben, relativ rasch vor sich gehen soll. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung wird lediglich das Rad mit dem entsprechenden Tragteil abgesenkt bzw. nach unten verschwenkt, wobei allein durch dieses Absenken bzw. Abschwenken die Tragarme des Tragrahmens von der Erdoberfläche abgehoben werden. Es ist dann ein genügender Lenkbereich vorhanden, um eben das erforderliche . Lenkmanöver durchzuführen. Es muß dann lediglich wieder das Rad angehoben werden, damit es in seine Ruhestellung gelangt. Beim Anheben kommen dann die Tragarme mit ihren Haltepratzen wieder mit der Oberfläche in Berührung und die Abstützung des Baggers für den Arbeitseinsatz ist wieder vorbereitet. Die Tragarme müssen daher gar nicht zur Seite oder nach oben oder irgendwohin verschwenkt werden, um eine kurze Weiterfahrt des Baggers zu einer neuen Arbeitsposition zu bewerkstelligen, da auf engstem Raum ein starker Lenkeinschlag möglich ist.Through these measures according to the invention, a large steering angle is possible, even if the support arms are only slightly raised from the ground, since this steering angle is reached in the area between these support arms is done only by swiveling the wheel. This is particularly important because moving on to a new job position, especially in the production of trenches, should happen relatively quickly. By means of the configuration according to the invention, only the wheel with the corresponding support part is lowered or pivoted downward, the support arms of the support frame being lifted off the surface of the earth solely by this lowering or pivoting. There is then a sufficient steering range to do just what is required. Perform steering maneuvers. The wheel then only has to be raised again so that it comes to its rest position. When lifting, the support arms with their holding claws come into contact with the surface again and the support of the excavator for work is prepared again. The support arms therefore do not have to be swiveled to the side or upwards or anywhere in order to carry out a short drive of the excavator to a new working position, since a strong steering lock is possible in a confined space.

Durch die Lagerung des Rades in annähernd U-oder Lförmigem Tragarm ergibt sich eine konstruktiv einfache, aber wirkungsvolle Lösung zur Erzielung eines großen Lenkeinschlages auch ohne zusätzliches Verdrehen des Oberbaues.The bearing of the wheel in an approximately U-shaped or L-shaped support arm results in a structurally simple but effective solution for achieving a large steering angle even without additional twisting of the superstructure.

Da die Schwenkachse zwischen Tragarm und Tragteil in Einsatzstellung des Rades und die Drehachse des Rades in horizontaler Richtung gesehen mit Abstand voneinander angeordnet sind, ergibt sich ein größerer Hebelarm für die Lenkstellung und damit eine leichtere Verstellbarkeit des Rades samt dem Tragarm für einen Lenkeinschlag.Since the swivel axis between the support arm and support part in the operating position of the wheel and the axis of rotation of the wheel are arranged at a distance from each other when viewed in the horizontal direction, this results in a larger lever arm for the steering position and thus an easier adjustability of the wheel together with the support arm for a steering lock.

Die Erfindung wird in der nachstehenden Beschreibung anhand der Zeichnung noch näher erläutert.The invention is explained in more detail in the following description with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 eine Seitenansicht eines Baggers in Fahrstellung;
  • Fig. 2 eine Draufsicht gemäß Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 3 eine Draufsicht auf einen am Oberbau höhenverstellbaren Tragteil, wobei eine Lenkeinstellung des Rades dargestellt ist.
Show it:
  • Figure 1 is a side view of an excavator in the driving position.
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view according to FIG. 1;
  • Fig. 3 is a plan view of a height-adjustable support part on the superstructure, wherein a steering setting of the wheel is shown.

Der Bagger besteht aus einen Tragrahmen 1, wobei je ein Paar Tragarme 2 und 3 an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Tragrahmens 1 angeordnet sind. An diesen Tragarmen sind Räder 4 bzw. Fußstützen 5 angeordnet. Der Oberbau 6 des Baggers ist um eine annähernd vertikale Achse 7 gegenüber dem Tragrahmen 1 verdrehbar. An diesem Oberbau 6 greift ein Ausleger 8 an, wobei lediglich ein Teil dieses Auslegers 8 dargestellt ist. Am freien Ende dieses Auslegers 8 sind dann Grab-, Schneid- oder Bearbeitungswerkzeuge angeordnet, wobei die Bewegung des Auslegers und dieser Werkzeuge durch Hydraulikzylinder erfolgt.The excavator consists of a support frame 1, a pair of support arms 2 and 3 being arranged on opposite sides of the support frame 1. Wheels 4 and footrests 5 are arranged on these support arms. The superstructure 6 of the excavator can be rotated with respect to the supporting frame 1 about an approximately vertical axis 7. A boom 8 acts on this superstructure 6, only part of this boom 8 being shown. Digging, cutting or machining tools are then arranged at the free end of this boom 8, the movement of the boom and these tools being effected by hydraulic cylinders.

Am Oberbau 6 ist ein höhenverstellbares Rad 9 angeordnet. Eines oder beide Räder 4 können mit einem hydraulischen Antrieb ausgestattet sein, um dadurch eine Fahrbewegung zu erreichen.A height-adjustable wheel 9 is arranged on the superstructure 6. One or both wheels 4 can be equipped with a hydraulic drive in order to achieve a driving movement.

Bei der erfindungsgemäßen Ausführung eines Baggars ist also das Rad 9 an der dem Auslager 8 gegenüberlieganden Seite des Oberbaues 6 vorgesehen. Am Oberbau 6 ist um eine horizontale Achse 21 verschwenkbar ein Tragteil 20 angeschlossen, wobei dieser Tragteil 20 durch Hydraulikzylinder 12 nach unten in eine Fahrstellung bzw. nach oben in eine Ruhestellung verschwenkt werden kann. Das Rad 9 ist in einem annähernd U-förmigen Tragarm 23 gehalten, wobei der Tragarm 23 um die Achse 22 gegenüber dem Tragteil 20 verschwenkbar ist. Diese Achse 22 liegt dabei in einer annähernd vertikalen Ebene und ist in Fahrstellung (Fig. 1) annähernd vertikal ausgerichtet, wobei der Winkel der Achse 22 zur Vertikalen je nach dem Verstellwinkel des Tragteiles 20 entsprechend von der Vertikalen abweicht. Es muß lediglich erreicht werden, daß durch ein Verdrehen des Tragarmes 23 um die Achse 22 das Rad 9 einen Lenkeinschlag erhält. Die Räder 4 und 9 können unterschiedlich dimensioniert sein oder auch die gleiche Größe (Durchmesser, Breite) aufweisen.In the embodiment of a baggar according to the invention, the wheel 9 is therefore provided on the side of the superstructure 6 opposite the bearing 8. A supporting part 20 is connected to the superstructure 6 so as to be pivotable about a horizontal axis 21, wherein this supporting part 20 can be pivoted downwards into a driving position or upwards into a rest position by hydraulic cylinders 12. The wheel 9 is held in an approximately U-shaped support arm 23, the support arm 23 being pivotable about the axis 22 relative to the support part 20. This axis 22 lies in an approximately vertical plane and is oriented approximately vertically in the driving position (FIG. 1), the angle of the axis 22 to the vertical depending on the adjustment angle of the support part 20 correspondingly deviating from the vertical. It only has to be achieved that the wheel 9 receives a steering lock by rotating the support arm 23 about the axis 22. The wheels 4 and 9 can be dimensioned differently or also have the same size (diameter, width).

Die Schwenkachse 22 zwischen dem Tragarm 23 und dem Tragteil 20 in Einsatzstellung des Rades 9 gesehen ist mit horizontalem Abstand von der Drehachse 24 des Rades 9 angeordnet.The pivot axis 22 between the support arm 23 and the support part 20 seen in the operating position of the wheel 9 is arranged at a horizontal distance from the axis of rotation 24 of the wheel 9.

Zur Durchführung der Lenkbewegung ist ein Hydraulikzylinder 25 vorgesehen, welcher sowohl am Tragarm 23 als auch am Tragteil 20 angreift. Dieser Hydraulikzylinder 25 greift dabei an einen Schenkel des U-förmigen Tragarmes 23 an, so daß beim Ausschieben bzw. Einziehen des Kolbens des Hydraulikzylinders der Tragarm 23 um die Achse 22 verschwenkt wird. Je größer der Abstand der Befestigungsstellen des Hydraulikzylinders 25 von der Achse 22 ist, um so geringer ist die erforderliche Kraft für die Lenkbewegung. Wenn der Hydraulikzylinder nur über einen kurzen Hebelarm bezogen auf die Achse 22 am Tragarm 23 angreift, dann ist wohl die Verstellbewegung des Tragarmes 23 bezogen auf die Bewegung des Hydraulikzylinders 25 größer, doch sind dann entsprechend größere Kräfte erforderlich.To carry out the steering movement, a hydraulic cylinder 25 is provided which engages both on the support arm 23 and on the support part 20. This hydraulic cylinder 25 engages on one leg of the U-shaped support arm 23, so that the support arm 23 is pivoted about the axis 22 when the piston of the hydraulic cylinder is pushed out or retracted. The greater the distance between the fastening points of the hydraulic cylinder 25 and the axle 22, the smaller the force required for the steering movement. If the hydraulic cylinder only acts on the support arm 23 via a short lever arm with respect to the axis 22, then the adjustment movement of the support arm 23 is greater with respect to the movement of the hydraulic cylinder 25, but correspondingly greater forces are then required.

Der Tragteil 20 ist in der Zeichnung als geschlossene Platte dargestellt, wobei hier jedoch verschiedene konstruktive Varianten gewählt werden können. Es ist auch eine reine Rahmenkonstruktion möglich. Gegebenenfalls wäre es bei entsprechender konstruktiver Ausgestaltung auch möglich, anstelle der zwei Hydraulikzylinder 12 zum Verschwenken des Tragteiles 20 lediglich einen Hydraulikzylinder 12 vorzusehen. Auch die konstruktive Ausführung des Tragarmes kann auf verschiedene Art und Weise erfolgen. So wäre es auch denkbar, lediglich eine Art L-förmige Ausbildung für den Tragarm 23 vorzusehen, so daß dann das Rad 9 fliegend an dem einen Schenkel dieses Tragarmes 23 befestigbar ist.The support part 20 is shown in the drawing as a closed plate, but here different design variants can be selected. A pure frame construction is also possible. If appropriate, it would also be possible with a corresponding structural design to provide only one hydraulic cylinder 12 instead of the two hydraulic cylinders 12 for pivoting the support part 20. The structural design of the support arm can also be carried out in various ways. So it would also be conceivable to provide only a type of L-shaped design for the support arm 23, so that the wheel 9 can then be attached to one leg of this support arm 23 in a floating manner.

Bei Grabarbeiten oder sonstigen Arbeiten ist der Bagger in einer Stellung, bei der der Ausleger zwischen den beiden Tragarmen 2 liegt, also in einer gegenüber der Darstellung in den Fig. 1 und 2 um 180° verschwenkten Stellung. Soll nun eine größere Strecke mit dem Bagger zurückgelegt werden, so kann in einfacher Weise auf einen Fahrbetrieb umgestellt werden, indem nämlich vorerst der Oberbau 6 um die vertikale Achse 7 um annähernd 180° verdreht wird, so daß bei gleichbleibender Stellung des Tragrahmens 1 und somit der Tragarme 2 und 3 der Ausleger 8 nunmehr in die andere Richtung weist, wie dies in den Fig. 1 und 2 dargestellt ist. Nun kann das Rad 9 mit dem Tragteil 20 durch die Hydraulikzylinder 12 nach unten geschwenkt werden, so daß das Rad 9 auf dem befahrbaren Boden abgestützt wird. Allein durch entsprechendes Niederdrücken des Rades 9 werden die Tragarme 2 und somit die Fußstützen 5 angehoben. Selbstverständlich ist es möglich, zusätzlich durch Betätigung der Hydraulikzylinder 15 die Fußstützen 5 anzuheben.When digging or doing other work, the excavator is in a position where the boom is lies between the two support arms 2, that is to say in a position pivoted by 180 ° with respect to the illustration in FIGS. 1 and 2. If a longer distance is now to be covered with the excavator, it can be switched over to driving operation in a simple manner, namely by initially rotating the superstructure 6 about the vertical axis 7 by approximately 180 °, so that the supporting frame 1 and thus remain in the same position the support arms 2 and 3 of the boom 8 now point in the other direction, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. Now the wheel 9 with the support member 20 can be pivoted downwards by the hydraulic cylinders 12, so that the wheel 9 is supported on the drivable floor. The support arms 2 and thus the footrests 5 are raised solely by correspondingly depressing the wheel 9. Of course, it is also possible to additionally raise the footrests 5 by actuating the hydraulic cylinders 15.

Wenn nun Kurven mit einem relativ engen Radius befahren werden sollen, dann kann durch die Verschwenkbarkeit des Rades 9 gegenüber dem Tragteil 20 eine größere Lenkeinstellung erreicht werden. Es kann daher der Lenkvorgang allein durch ein Verschwenken des Tragarmes 23 am Tragteil 20 oder aber durch Verdrehen des Oberbaues 6 oder durch gegenseitige Unterstützung beider Maßnahmen erreicht werden.If curves with a relatively narrow radius are now to be negotiated, a greater steering setting can be achieved by the pivotability of the wheel 9 relative to the support part 20. The steering process can therefore be achieved solely by pivoting the support arm 23 on the support part 20 or by rotating the superstructure 6 or by mutual support of both measures.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Ausführung kann unabhängig vom Abstand der Tragarme, welche die Fußstützen oder Räder tragen, zusätzlich oder getrennt von der Lenkbewegung durch Verdrehen des Oberbaues eine Lenkung durchgeführt werden, so daß in einfacher Weise auch Kurven mit relativ kleinem Radius befahren werden können.Through the design according to the invention, regardless of the distance between the support arms that carry the footrests or wheels, steering can be carried out additionally or separately from the steering movement by rotating the superstructure, so that curves with a relatively small radius can also be traveled in a simple manner.

Von besonderem Vorteil ist auch, daß gerade bei engen Durchfahrten der Oberbau in Längsrichtung des Baggers ausgerichtet bleiben kann, daß also in solchen Fällen allein das Rad gegenüber dem höhenverstellbaren Tragteil verschwenkt werden kann.It is also of particular advantage that the superstructure can remain aligned in the longitudinal direction of the excavator, especially in narrow passages, so that in such cases the wheel alone can be pivoted relative to the height-adjustable support part.

Anstelle eines verschwenkbaren Tragteiles 20 sind selbstverständlich auch andere Möglichkeiten gegeben, das Rad 9 höhenverstellbar anzuordnen. Beispielsweise wäre es auch denkbar, vertikale Führungsschienen vorzusehen, entlang welcher ein entsprechender Radträger (Tragteil 20) verschiebbar ist. Auch wäre es denkbar, seitlich neben der Führerkabine 14 also an den Seitenbereichen des Oberbaues 6 jeweils ein solches Rad 9 vorzusehen, wobei dann diese Räder ebenfalls entsprechend abgesenkt werden können.Instead of a pivotable support part 20, there are of course also other possibilities for arranging the wheel 9 so that it can be adjusted in height. For example, it would also be conceivable to provide vertical guide rails along which a corresponding wheel carrier (support part 20) can be moved. It would also be conceivable to provide such a wheel 9 on the side areas of the superstructure 6 on the side next to the driver's cab 14, in which case these wheels can also be lowered accordingly.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung wäre es auch denkbar, das Rad 9 angetrieben auszuführen oder eventuell nur dieses Rad 9 anzutreiben und die Räder 4 antriebslos auszugestalten. Eine erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung läßt sich auch bei Baggern einsetzen, bei welchen beispielsweise an den Tragarmen 3 abwechselnd einsetzbar Fußstützen und Räder vorgesehen sind. Diese Räder werden dann eben einer Fahrbewegung entsprechend abgesenkt und die Fußstützen angehoben. Zu einer echten Fahrbewegung sind dann mindestens drei Räder erforderlich.Within the scope of the invention, it would also be conceivable to design the wheel 9 to be driven or possibly only to drive this wheel 9 and to design the wheels 4 to be without drive. A configuration according to the invention can also be used in excavators, in which, for example, footrests and wheels are alternately used on the support arms 3. These wheels are then lowered according to a driving movement and the footrests are raised. At least three wheels are then required for a real driving movement.

Die erfindungsgemäße Ausgestaltung wird also in konstruktiv einfacher Weise ein beim Arbeitseinsatz im wesentlichen als Schreitbagger wirkender Bagger so ausgestaltet, daß er ständig und rasch bei Bedarf in einen fahrbaren Bagger mit großer Kurvenmanövrierfähigkeit umfunktioniert werden kann.The configuration according to the invention is thus designed in a structurally simple manner so that it functions as a walking excavator at work so that it can be continuously and quickly converted into a mobile excavator with great maneuverability when needed.

Claims (2)

1. An excavator, comprising a support frame (1) having on each opposite side thereof a pair of support arms (2, 3), wheels (4) and/or support feet (5) being mounted thereon, and a superstructure (6), being pivotable relative to the support frame (1) about an approximately vertical axis (7) and engaging an arm (8) supporting a digging, cutting or working tool, at least one vertically adjustable wheel (9) being mounted on the superstructure (6), and at least one of the wheels (4, 9) mounted on the superstructure (6) or the support arms (2, 3) being adapted to be driven, characterized in that the vertically adjustable wheel (9) is mounted on a support member (20) vertically adjustably mounted on the rotatable superstructure (6) and is pivotable about an axis of rotation (22) lying in a vertical plane and orientated approximately vertically in the travelling position, the wheel (9) is mounted in an approximately U- or L-shaped support arm (23) pivotably connected to the support member (20). and the axis of rotation (22) of the support arm (23) with respect to the support member (20) and the rotational axis (24) of the wheel (9) are horizontally displaced.
2. An excavator according to Claim 1, characterized in that an hydraulic cylinder (25) or piston engages with the support member (20) and with the support arm (23) at a distance from the axis of rotation (22).
EP82103387A 1981-05-15 1982-04-22 Excavator Expired EP0065118B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT2173/81 1981-05-15
AT217381A AT373941B (en) 1981-05-15 1981-05-15 EXCAVATOR
AT521581A AT379629B (en) 1981-12-04 1981-12-04 EXCAVATOR
AT5215/81 1981-12-04

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0065118A2 EP0065118A2 (en) 1982-11-24
EP0065118A3 EP0065118A3 (en) 1983-09-28
EP0065118B1 true EP0065118B1 (en) 1986-09-03

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EP82103387A Expired EP0065118B1 (en) 1981-05-15 1982-04-22 Excavator

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US (1) US4482287A (en)
EP (1) EP0065118B1 (en)
KR (1) KR830010258A (en)
AU (1) AU8292482A (en)
CA (1) CA1172299A (en)
DE (1) DE3272979D1 (en)
DK (1) DK220182A (en)
ES (1) ES8307320A1 (en)
FI (1) FI821712A (en)
IL (1) IL65639A0 (en)
NO (1) NO821594L (en)
PT (1) PT74697B (en)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
NO821594L (en) 1982-11-16
FI821712A (en) 1982-11-16
CA1172299A (en) 1984-08-07
AU8292482A (en) 1982-11-18
DE3272979D1 (en) 1986-10-09
EP0065118A3 (en) 1983-09-28
ES512236A0 (en) 1983-06-16
US4482287A (en) 1984-11-13
PT74697A (en) 1982-05-01
DK220182A (en) 1982-11-16
KR830010258A (en) 1983-12-30
ES8307320A1 (en) 1983-06-16
IL65639A0 (en) 1982-07-30
FI821712A0 (en) 1982-05-14
PT74697B (en) 1983-10-25
EP0065118A2 (en) 1982-11-24

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