EP0059155B1 - Haut-parleur, en particulier ayant une membrane en forme de dôme - Google Patents

Haut-parleur, en particulier ayant une membrane en forme de dôme Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0059155B1
EP0059155B1 EP82710007A EP82710007A EP0059155B1 EP 0059155 B1 EP0059155 B1 EP 0059155B1 EP 82710007 A EP82710007 A EP 82710007A EP 82710007 A EP82710007 A EP 82710007A EP 0059155 B1 EP0059155 B1 EP 0059155B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
loudspeaker
flange
spider
radiation
ring
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP82710007A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0059155A1 (fr
Inventor
Rainer J. Haas
Johannes Heiliger
Jürgen Falke
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Magnat Elektronic & Co KG GmbH
Original Assignee
Magnat Elektronic & Co KG GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Magnat Elektronic & Co KG GmbH filed Critical Magnat Elektronic & Co KG GmbH
Priority to AT82710007T priority Critical patent/ATE8000T1/de
Publication of EP0059155A1 publication Critical patent/EP0059155A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0059155B1 publication Critical patent/EP0059155B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/22—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only 
    • H04R1/225—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired frequency characteristic only  for telephonic receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R1/00—Details of transducers, loudspeakers or microphones
    • H04R1/20—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics
    • H04R1/32—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only
    • H04R1/34—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means
    • H04R1/345—Arrangements for obtaining desired frequency or directional characteristics for obtaining desired directional characteristic only by using a single transducer with sound reflecting, diffracting, directing or guiding means for loudspeakers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04R—LOUDSPEAKERS, MICROPHONES, GRAMOPHONE PICK-UPS OR LIKE ACOUSTIC ELECTROMECHANICAL TRANSDUCERS; DEAF-AID SETS; PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEMS
    • H04R7/00—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones
    • H04R7/02—Diaphragms for electromechanical transducers; Cones characterised by the construction
    • H04R7/12—Non-planar diaphragms or cones
    • H04R7/127—Non-planar diaphragms or cones dome-shaped

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular a dome loudspeaker, with a dimensionally stable membrane, a resilient clamping that continues the membrane towards the outside on the outside, a loudspeaker flange that holds the clamping and a flange that is attached to the flange and projects inward from it, at a distance from the clamping and arranged in the direction of sound emission of the loudspeaker in front of the clamping ring-shaped diaphragm.
  • the invention thus relates in particular to tweeters with a spherical dome.
  • a direct sound radiation of the clamping which is also referred to as “Sioke”
  • the diaphragm being emitted in the path of the clamping Sounds. This avoids undesired interferences which arise at certain frequencies due to phase differences between the mechanical movement of the clamping and the mechanical movement of the membrane and thus between the sound waves emitted by these parts.
  • the aperture of the known loudspeaker according to FR-A-2 373 205 visually hides the clamping and at the same time covers the outer edge of the dome-shaped membrane of the known loudspeaker.
  • two opposite recesses are provided in the panel, which leave behind a portion of the outer edge of the membrane so that it can radiate sound directly through the recesses.
  • the cutouts in the panel extend (as seen from the center of the loudspeaker) to the outer edge of the diaphragm, at least not to the transition area between the diaphragm and the clamp.
  • the known panel is made of metal or cardboard and placed on the outside of the flange of the speaker, for example held by rivets.
  • the aperture of the well-known loudspeaker cuts off edge waves.
  • a loudspeaker this has the disadvantage that the radiation angle of the surge waves is reduced due to the aperture.
  • the aim is to have the widest possible radiation angles, that is to say radiation cones with the largest possible opening angle.
  • the largest possible radiation angle can be achieved despite the existing aperture if the aperture is as close as possible to the clamping, as is the case with the loudspeaker of the type mentioned at the beginning.
  • the loudspeaker is dampened too much by a diaphragm arranged immediately before the clamping, this damping is noticeable in a premature drop in the level of the sound pressure level.
  • the damping is based on the following cause: Due to the small distance between the clamping and the diaphragm, only a narrow annular gap remains between the two parts, which connects the annular cavity between the clamping, the inner edge of the flange and the diaphragm with the air space in front of the calotte. Pressure fluctuations that occur during the movement of the membrane and thus the clamping in this annular cavity can therefore not be reduced sufficiently quickly, in particular at high frequencies.
  • the object of the invention is to avoid the premature drop in the sound level of a speaker of the type mentioned and to improve this speaker in such a way that while maintaining the advantages of the aperture, the radiation behavior is improved and the attenuation is reduced.
  • a loudspeaker of the type mentioned at the outset in that it has a plurality of channels which each connect two openings, one of which is an inner opening in the annular cavity before the clamping and the other, outer opening the outside of the speaker, is provided outside the bezel.
  • the space before the clamping that is, the annular cavity
  • the ambient air is additionally connected to the ambient air, as a result of which pressure fluctuations in the space before the clamping can decrease more quickly and the clamping can move largely unhindered even at high frequencies.
  • the tweeter behavior of the loudspeaker can even be arbitrarily changed within certain limits by suitable shaping, in particular by suitable pressure gauges of the channels. Instead of a tweeter drop also a tweeter rise can be achieved.
  • the channels are expediently as short as possible, so that pressure fluctuations in the space can be reduced unhindered before the clamping.
  • the outer opening of the channels is preferably located on the front outer surface of the loudspeaker and, if possible, in the immediate vicinity of the diaphragm.
  • this enables the desired, short design of the channels.
  • this version there is also a noticeable sound radiation through the channels. This results in a much broader radiation, so that the disadvantage of a smaller radiation angle, which is inherently bought through the diaphragm, is largely compensated for again.
  • a suitable design of the channels in particular in the form of relatively large through holes arranged at a short distance from one another, a type of lens effect is achieved which further significantly improves the radiation behavior of the loudspeaker according to the invention.
  • the inner opening of the channels is outside the clamping. This will fully maintain the aperture, i.e. H. it continues to shade the sound emitted directly forward by the clamping.
  • the inner opening should begin as close as possible to the outer edge of the orifice so that the above-described, improved radiation characteristics and an optimal pressure equalization are achieved.
  • the loudspeaker has a flat ring with an inner edge region forming the diaphragm and a radially outer channel region directly adjoining this, in which a plurality of through holes are provided as channels.
  • This embodiment enables a construction and assembly technology favorable construction that can be adapted to existing flanges without having to change the flange extensively even with new designs of the speaker according to the invention.
  • this ring forms, it is also possible to manufacture the cover and channel area in one piece with the flange.
  • a dimensionally stable diaphragm 20 which is designed as a spherical segment, is connected to a cylindrical plunger coil 21, which move in a known manner in an annular gap (not shown) of a magnet parallel to the direction of radiation 22 of the loudspeaker can.
  • the edge of the membrane 20 merges into a clamping 23, which centers the moving coil 21 and the membrane 20 in a known manner and permits a lifting movement parallel to the direction of radiation of these two parts 20, 21.
  • the clamping in the profile is approximately semicircular, the convex side pointing outwards in the direction of radiation 22.
  • the outer edge of the clamp 23 is attached to a flange 24.
  • an aperture 25 designed as an annular disk. It prevents direct sound radiation of the sound emitted by the clamping 23 in the radiation direction 22.
  • This diaphragm 25 is at a distance of a few millimeters from the clamping 23, furthermore its distance from the membrane - as shown in FIG. 1 - is also small and is of the same order of magnitude. Two narrow annular gaps are thus formed between the apex of the clamping 23 and the diaphragm 25 and between the diaphragm 20 and the diaphragm 25, which allow only a limited air flow.
  • the screen 25 is an integral part of an attachment body 26 which is attached to the front of the flange 24, preferably is glued on. It consists of a flat ring 27, which extends from it and is curved inwards and in the direction of radiation 22 protruding ribs 28 and an inner ring 29 carried by these ribs 28.
  • the ribs 28 and the inner ring 29 bulge concentrically over the membrane 20, as shown in FIG. 2.
  • the ribs 28, of which a total of 6 are provided, and the inner ring 29 have the task, in a manner similar to the diaphragm 25, of avoiding interferences which arise because different regions of the membrane do not vibrate in the same phase.
  • vibration states of the membrane 20 occur at certain frequencies, which are natural vibration states and correspond to the so-called Chladnic sound figures.
  • the flat ring 27 of the attachment body 26 has three concentric ring areas.
  • the innermost ring area is the diaphragm 25. This is followed by a hole area 30 on the outside, in which there is a large number of channels 31 designed as through holes.
  • the outermost ring region of the flat ring 27 is a fastening region 32, through which the attachment body 26 is fastened to the flange 24.
  • Each individual channel 31 connects two openings 33, 34.
  • One of these two openings hereinafter referred to as inner opening 33, is located in an annular cavity 35 which extends from the rear of the flat ring 27, the surface of the flange 24 facing the membrane 20 and the outer, front areas of the clamping 23 is limited.
  • the other opening 34 is located on the front outer surface 36 of the loudspeaker.
  • the channels 31 enable air to be exchanged between the annular cavity 35 and the free surroundings of the loudspeaker, and furthermore they enable sound radiation directed obliquely outwards.
  • a total of sixteen channels 31 are provided, which are designed as through holes in the direction of radiation, the diameter of which corresponds to approximately one tenth of the diameter of the moving coil 21.
  • a relatively wide passage is thereby created between the annular cavity 35 and the outside air area lying diagonally outside in front. This leads to an independent and uninfluenced sound radiation of the clamping 23 in the direction of the arrows 37, which is largely independent of the radiation of the membrane 20.
  • the sound exit cone of the loudspeaker, the cone axis of which lies in the radiation direction 22 becomes significantly wider.
  • the attachment body 26 is made of a rigid material, measures are taken that natural vibrations are suppressed as much as possible.
  • the number and the cross-sectional dimensions of the channels 31 are selected so that the desired radiation effect is achieved and / or the desired course of the sound pressure level of the loudspeaker is achieved in the high-frequency range.
  • the flange opening of the flange 24 in which the membrane 20 is located widens conically outwards, an angle of 45 degrees occurring.
  • the channels 31 are exactly at right angles to the bevel of the flange opening, i. H. the channels 31 are located between two circles, of which the smaller one has the diameter of the rear flange opening and the larger one is made approximately in the diameter of the larger flange opening.
  • the channels 31 begin in the radiation direction 22 exactly in front of the outer edge of the clamping 23, as a result of which the function of the diaphragm 25 is completely retained and at the same time the oblique radiation is forced in the direction of the arrows 37.
  • the flat ring 27 of the attachment body 26 is flush with the outer surface of the flange 24, whereby an aesthetic appearance is achieved.
  • the channels 31 are not designed in an additional part like the attachment body 26, but in the flange 24 itself.
  • notches are worked into the edge of the conical flange opening, which are open towards the inside.
  • An aperture 25 designed as an annular disk is inserted into the flange opening from the front in such a way that its outer edge bridges the notches.
  • the channels 31 are thus delimited by the notches in the flange 24 and the outer edge of the diaphragm 25.
  • the openings 33, 34 thereby have a shape deviating from the circular shape.
  • This second embodiment has the advantage that the additional part required for the diaphragm 25 has an extremely simple shape.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Otolaryngology (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Diaphragms For Electromechanical Transducers (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Haut-parleur, en particulier ayant une membrane en forme de dôme, comportant :
- une membrane préformée (20),
- un support souple (23), continuant le bord de la membrane vers l'extérieur,
- une collerette (24) maintenant le support (23),
- un diaphragme annulaire (25), fixé sur la collerette (24), qui fait saillie à partir de celle-ci vers l'intérieur et placé à l'écart du support (23) et dans la direction de rayonnement (22) du haut-parleur, en avant du support (23), caractérisé par plusieurs canaux (31) qui relient chacun deux ouvertures (33, 34), dont l'une, l'ouverture intérieure (33) se trouve dans la cavité annulaire (35) en avant du support (23) et dont l'autre, l'ouverture extérieure (34) est disposée sur la face extérieure du haut-parleur, à l'extérieur du diaphragme (25).
2. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture extérieure (34) se trouve sur la face frontale (36) du haut-parleur, et de préférence à proximité immédiate du diaphragme (25).
3. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que l'ouverture intérieure (33) se trouve à l'extérieur d'un cercle dont le diamètre correspond au diamètre extérieur du support (23).
4. Haut-parleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que les canaux (31) s'étendent selon un angle d'environ 45° par rapport à la direction de rayonnement (22) du haut-parleur.
5. Haut-parleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé par un anneau plat (27) comportant:
- une zone périphérique intérieure formant le diaphragme (25),
- une zone perforée (30) s'y rattachant immédiatement vers l'extérieur, et dans laquelle plusieurs trous de passage sont prévus en guise de canaux (31).
6. Haut-parleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la collerette (24) présente une ouverture s'élargissant en cône, dans la direction de rayonnement et en ce que les ouvertures intérieures et extérieures (33, 34) se trouvent entre deux cercles dont les diamètres correspondent aux diamètres de l'ouverture de la collerette en forme de tronc de cône.
7. Haut-parleur selon la revendication 5 ou 6, caractérisé en ce qu'une zone de consolidation (32) vient à la suite de la zone perforée (30), à l'extérieur et sert à la fixation de l'anneau plat (27) sur la collerette (24).
8. Haut-parleur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7, caractérisé en ce que la collerette (24) comporte un espace annulaire où affleure la zone de consolidation (32).
9. Haut-parleur selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8, caractérisé en ce que des nervures (28) sont disposées vers l'intérieur sur l'anneau plat (27) et présentent une courbure en forme d'arc orientée vers l'avant dans la direction de rayonnement (22), nervures portant un anneau intérieur concentrique (29).
10. Haut-parleur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que les canaux (31) sont prévus dans la collerette (24) ou bien constitués par des entailles, exécutées dans la collerette (24) et par un diaphragme annulaire (25), débordant ces entailles.
EP82710007A 1981-02-19 1982-02-18 Haut-parleur, en particulier ayant une membrane en forme de dôme Expired EP0059155B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT82710007T ATE8000T1 (de) 1981-02-19 1982-02-18 Lautsprecher, insbesondere kalottenlautsprecher.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19818104570U DE8104570U1 (de) 1981-02-19 1981-02-19 Lautsprecher, insbesondere kalottenlautsprecher
DE8104570U 1981-02-19

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0059155A1 EP0059155A1 (fr) 1982-09-01
EP0059155B1 true EP0059155B1 (fr) 1984-06-13

Family

ID=6724811

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP82710007A Expired EP0059155B1 (fr) 1981-02-19 1982-02-18 Haut-parleur, en particulier ayant une membrane en forme de dôme

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0059155B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE8000T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE8104570U1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102021127864A1 (de) 2021-10-26 2023-04-27 Karsten Atmani, bürgerlicher Name Buß Lautsprecher

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3059720A (en) * 1959-07-27 1962-10-23 Ling Temco Vought Inc High frequency loudspeakers
GB1557879A (en) * 1976-12-03 1979-12-12 Rank Organisation Ltd Electro acoustic transducers
DE2916177A1 (de) * 1979-04-21 1980-10-23 Ehmann Elektrotech Lautsprecher mit schallfuehrung

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE8000T1 (de) 1984-06-15
EP0059155A1 (fr) 1982-09-01
DE8104570U1 (de) 1981-07-23

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