EP0058971B1 - Elastomer pot bearing for structures - Google Patents
Elastomer pot bearing for structures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0058971B1 EP0058971B1 EP82101302A EP82101302A EP0058971B1 EP 0058971 B1 EP0058971 B1 EP 0058971B1 EP 82101302 A EP82101302 A EP 82101302A EP 82101302 A EP82101302 A EP 82101302A EP 0058971 B1 EP0058971 B1 EP 0058971B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- elastomer
- bearing
- cup
- pot
- steel plates
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
- E01D19/042—Mechanical bearings
- E01D19/047—Pot bearings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01D—CONSTRUCTION OF BRIDGES, ELEVATED ROADWAYS OR VIADUCTS; ASSEMBLY OF BRIDGES
- E01D19/00—Structural or constructional details of bridges
- E01D19/04—Bearings; Hinges
- E01D19/041—Elastomeric bearings
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
- E04B1/36—Bearings or like supports allowing movement
Definitions
- the invention relates to an elastomeric pot bearing for buildings, in particular bridges, with a pot and a lid engaging in it, and an elastomer washer enclosed between them and forming the deformable part of the bearing when it is stressed.
- pot bearings are known to accommodate vertical loads, e.g. a bridge, the inclusion of rotations of the support point, of horizontal displacements and of horizontal forces if the bearing is planned as a fixed point of the building in question like a bridge.
- Previously known pot bearings of this type consist of a cylinder pot with a cover. There is a circular elastomer disc in the cylinder cup, which makes up the deformable part of the bearing.
- the lid presses on the elastomer disc, which cannot deflect because it is enclosed in the pot.
- a tension state arises in the elastomer disc, similar to that of an enclosed liquid.
- the elastomer disc deforms in a wedge shape by making one half wedge-shaped thicker and the other half wedge-shaped thinner.
- the enclosed liquid model can also be applied to the twisting.
- sealing tapes which are inserted in the edge region of the elastomer disk.
- Different variants of sealing tapes are used such as. B. bands of metal or plastic, bands with rectangular or angular cross sections or bands as chains, which consist of individual interconnected chain links.
- these sealing tapes always remain a weak point of the pot bearing.
- the sealing tapes fail first. Particularly during repeated twists, the edge of the disc grinds along the cylinder wall and is pinched and destroyed in the gap between the cylinder wall and the cover.
- the invention has for its object to design an elastomeric pot bearing of the type defined in such a way that the inserted elastomer disc does not get caught in the gap between the pot wall and the lid and can be destroyed or otherwise impaired in its functioning.
- the elastomer washer is connected on both sides to a steel plate by vulcanization and is thus designed as a reinforced elastomer bearing, the steel plates on both sides of which protrude beyond the edge of the elastomer layer adjacent to them and whose uncovered end faces are concave. Due to this design, the elastomer layer cannot penetrate into the gap between the inner wall of the pot and the lid when the bearing is loaded, that is to say it cannot become jammed and destroyed or its function impaired in some other way.
- the reinforced elastomeric bearing can be single-layered or, for larger rotations, also multi-layered.
- An elastomeric bearing is already known (FR-A-1 600 397), in which, in order to withstand the lifting forces of the superstructure and to work alternately in tension and compression according to the load conditions of the structure, the elastomer layers are prestressed by a press experienced so that this bearing can act like a preloaded spring, whereby a concave design of the end faces of the elastomer layers and a protrusion of the steel plates play no role.
- a rubber pot bearing is already known (DE-A-2 262 816), in which, however, a connection of the elastomer layer to the steel plates adjacent to it does not necessarily have to be provided by vulcanization, and in which the concave circumferential end faces of the elastomer - Enclosed layer on all sides, namely bounded on all sides by convexly curved, multilayer sheet metal strips, which are arch-like against the steel plates extended on the outside over the end face of the elastomer layer.
- an elastomeric pot bearing is already known (DE-A-1 806 628), in which the elastomer layer is set back with respect to the pot and lid. Due to this measure, however, there is no reliable guarantee that no elastomer can penetrate the gap between the pot and the lid when the bearing is under high load. In this pot bearing, the elastomer cushion is also not equipped with vulcanized steel plates on both sides.
- the steel plates of the reinforced elastomer bearing leave a pot bearing according to the invention a small gap to the pot wall, so that no clamping forces arise when twisted.
- the edge surface of the bearing bulges out without reaching the cup wall and the gap between the cup wall and the steel plate.
- the bulge only reaches the edge of the pot when there is a greater load, which then prevents further bulging. This creates an additional edging of the elastomer at high loads without the elastomer reaching the gap between the pot and the steel plate or lid and possibly being pinched here.
- the reinforced elastomer bearing used here for such an elastomeric pot bearing is designed such that the freely rotating end faces 1 of the elastomer disk 2 are concave and the steel plates 3 on both sides protrude beyond the edge 4 of the elastomer layer 2 adjoining them.
- This elastomer bearing designed in this way sits between the cylinder pot 5 and the cover 6 engaging in it. As long as this pot bearing is not loaded (FIG. 1), the circumferential end face 1 of the elastomer layer 2 retains its concave shape. If the bearing is now loaded (Fig.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein elastomeres Topflager für Bauwerke, insbesondere Brücken, mit einem Topf und einem in ihn eingreifenden Deckel sowie einer zwischen ihnen eingeschlossenen, den verformbaren Teil des Lagers bei dessen Beanspruchung bildenden Elastomer-Scheibe. Solche Topflager dienen bekanntlich der Aufnahme der vertikalen Auflast, z.B. einer Brücke, der Aufnahme von Verdrehungen des Auflagerpunktes, von Horizontalverschiebungen und von Horizontalkräften, wenn das Lager als Festpunkt des betreffenden Bauwerkes wie einer Brücke geplant ist.The invention relates to an elastomeric pot bearing for buildings, in particular bridges, with a pot and a lid engaging in it, and an elastomer washer enclosed between them and forming the deformable part of the bearing when it is stressed. Such pot bearings are known to accommodate vertical loads, e.g. a bridge, the inclusion of rotations of the support point, of horizontal displacements and of horizontal forces if the bearing is planned as a fixed point of the building in question like a bridge.
Bisher bekannte Topflager dieser Art bestehen aus einem Zylindertopf mit einem Deckel. In dem Zylindertopf liegt eine kreisrunde Elastomer- Scheibe, die den verformbaren Teil des Lagers ausmacht. Bei Beanspruchung des Topflagers durch das Gewicht der Brücke drückt der Deckel auf die Elastomer-Scheibe, die nicht ausweichen kann, da sie in dem Topf eingeschlossen ist. Es stellt sich ein Spannungszustand in der Elastomer-Scheibe, ähnlich dem einer eingeschlossenen Flüssigkeit ein. Bei Beanspruchung durch eine Verdrehung des Auflagerpunktes der Brücke verformt sich die Elastomer-Scheibe keilförmig, indem die eine Hälfte keilförmig dicker und die andere Hälfte keilförmig dünner wird. Auch auf die Verdrehung ist das Modell der eingeschlossenen Flüssigkeit übertragbar. Diese Funktionsweise ist jedoch nur dann möglich, wenn gewährleistet ist, dass am Scheibenrand das Elastomer nicht in den Spalt zwischen der Innenwand des Zylindertopfes und dem Deckel gepresst wird. An dem Modell der eingeschlossenen Flüssigkeit bedeutet das, dass der Deckel am Druckzylinder dicht abschliessen muss. Die aufzunehmende Verdrehung erfordert aber eine Mindestbreite des Spaltes zwischen Deckel und Zylindertopf.Previously known pot bearings of this type consist of a cylinder pot with a cover. There is a circular elastomer disc in the cylinder cup, which makes up the deformable part of the bearing. When the pot bearing is stressed by the weight of the bridge, the lid presses on the elastomer disc, which cannot deflect because it is enclosed in the pot. A tension state arises in the elastomer disc, similar to that of an enclosed liquid. When the bridge's support point is twisted, the elastomer disc deforms in a wedge shape by making one half wedge-shaped thicker and the other half wedge-shaped thinner. The enclosed liquid model can also be applied to the twisting. However, this function is only possible if it is ensured that the elastomer on the edge of the pane is not pressed into the gap between the inner wall of the cylinder pot and the cover. On the model of the enclosed liquid, this means that the cover on the pressure cylinder has to close tightly. The twist to be absorbed, however, requires a minimum width of the gap between the cover and the cylinder pot.
Dieses Problem hat man bisher mit Hilfe von Dichtungsbändern, die im Randbereich der Elastomer-Scheibe eingelegt werden, zu lösen versucht. Es werden verschiedene Varianten von Dichtungsbändern verwendet wie z. B. Bänder aus Metall oder Kunststoff, Bänder mit rechteckigen oder winkelförmigen Querschnitten oder Bänder als Ketten, die aus einzelnen miteinander verbundenen Kettengliedern bestehen. Diese Dichtungsbänder bleiben jedoch immer ein schwacher Punkt des Topflagers. Bei hoher Belastung versagen als erstes die Dichtungsbänder. Besonders bei den wiederholten Verdrehungen schleift der Scheibenrand entlang der Zylinderwand und wird in dem Spalt zwischen Zylinderwand und Deckel eingeklemmt und zerstört.So far, attempts have been made to solve this problem with the aid of sealing tapes which are inserted in the edge region of the elastomer disk. Different variants of sealing tapes are used such as. B. bands of metal or plastic, bands with rectangular or angular cross sections or bands as chains, which consist of individual interconnected chain links. However, these sealing tapes always remain a weak point of the pot bearing. At high loads, the sealing tapes fail first. Particularly during repeated twists, the edge of the disc grinds along the cylinder wall and is pinched and destroyed in the gap between the cylinder wall and the cover.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein elastomeres Topflager der eingangs definierten Art so auszugestalten, dass die eingefügte Elastomer-Scheibe nicht in den Spalt zwischen Topfwandung und Deckel einklemmen und zerstört oder sonstwie in ihrer Funktionsweise beeinträchtigt werden kann.The invention has for its object to design an elastomeric pot bearing of the type defined in such a way that the inserted elastomer disc does not get caught in the gap between the pot wall and the lid and can be destroyed or otherwise impaired in its functioning.
Diese Aufgabe ist bei einem solchen elastomeren Topflager erfindungsgemäss dadurch gelöst, dass die Elastomer-Scheibe beidseitig mit je einer Stahlplatte durch Vulkanisation verbunden und so als bewehrtes Elastomer-Lager ausgebildet ist, dessen beidseitigen Stahlplatten über den an sie angrenzenden Rand der Elastomer-Schicht hinausragen und deren unabgedeckt frei nach aussen umlaufenden Stirnflächen konkav ausgebildet sind. Aufgrund dieser Ausbildung kann bei Belastung des Lagers die Elastomer-Schicht nicht in den Spalt zwischen Topfinnenwandung und Dekkel eindringen, also nicht einklemmen und zerstört oder sonstwie in ihrer Funktion beeinträchtigt werden. Hierbei kann das bewehrte Elastomer-Lager einschichtig oder für grössere Verdrehungen auch mehrschichtig ausgebildet sein.In the case of such an elastomer pot bearing, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the elastomer washer is connected on both sides to a steel plate by vulcanization and is thus designed as a reinforced elastomer bearing, the steel plates on both sides of which protrude beyond the edge of the elastomer layer adjacent to them and whose uncovered end faces are concave. Due to this design, the elastomer layer cannot penetrate into the gap between the inner wall of the pot and the lid when the bearing is loaded, that is to say it cannot become jammed and destroyed or its function impaired in some other way. In this case, the reinforced elastomeric bearing can be single-layered or, for larger rotations, also multi-layered.
Zwar ist schon ein elastomeres Lager bekannt (FR-A-1 600 397), bei dem, um den Abhebekräften des Überbaus zu widerstehen und abwechselnd auf Zug und Druck gemäss den Belastungsbedingungen des Bauwerks zu arbeiten, durch eine Presse die Elastomer-Schichten eine Vorspannung erfahren, damit dieses Lager wie eine vorgespannte Feder wirken kann, wobei ersichtlich eine konkave Ausbildung der Stirnflächen der Elastomer-Schichten und ein Überkragen der Stahlplatten keine Rolle spielen.An elastomeric bearing is already known (FR-A-1 600 397), in which, in order to withstand the lifting forces of the superstructure and to work alternately in tension and compression according to the load conditions of the structure, the elastomer layers are prestressed by a press experienced so that this bearing can act like a preloaded spring, whereby a concave design of the end faces of the elastomer layers and a protrusion of the steel plates play no role.
Auch gibt es bereits ein elastisches Auflager für Bauwerkteile (DE-U-1 861 230), bei dem die einzelnen Elastomer-Schichten mit den beiderseitigen Stahlplatten zusammenvulkanisiert sein können, aber die Stahlplatten nicht unbedingt über den Rand der Elastomer-Schichten vorstehen müssen, vielmehr es bei Verwendung dünner Bleche ebenso möglich ist, dass diese am Rand der elastischen Platten zurückstehen können, so dass durch die Belastung des Auflagers sich die Randfugen am Umfang schliessen und die Bleche vor Rostschäden geschützt werden.There is also already an elastic support for structural parts (DE-U-1 861 230), in which the individual elastomer layers can be vulcanized together with the steel plates on both sides, but the steel plates do not necessarily have to protrude beyond the edge of the elastomer layers, rather it is also possible when using thin sheets that they can stand back on the edge of the elastic plates, so that the edge joints close at the periphery due to the load on the support and the sheets are protected from rust damage.
Darüber hinaus ist auch schon ein Gummitopflager bekannt (DE-A-2 262 816), bei dem jedoch eine Verbindung der Elastomer-Schicht mit den ihr benachbarten Stahlplatten durch Vulkanisation nicht unbedingt vorgesehen zu sein braucht und bei dem die konkav ausgebildeten umlaufenden Stirnflächen der Elastomer-Schicht allseitig umschlossen, nämlich durch nach innen konvex gekrümmte, mehrlagige Blechbänder allseitig begrenzt sind, die sich bogenartig gegen die über die Stirnfläche der Elastomer-Schicht nach aussen verlängerten beiderseitigen Stahlplatten abstützen.In addition, a rubber pot bearing is already known (DE-A-2 262 816), in which, however, a connection of the elastomer layer to the steel plates adjacent to it does not necessarily have to be provided by vulcanization, and in which the concave circumferential end faces of the elastomer - Enclosed layer on all sides, namely bounded on all sides by convexly curved, multilayer sheet metal strips, which are arch-like against the steel plates extended on the outside over the end face of the elastomer layer.
Schliesslich ist bereits ein elastomeres Topflager bekannt (DE-A-1 806 628), bei dem die Elastomer-Schicht gegenüber Topf und Deckel zurückversetzt ist. Aufgrund dieser Massnahme ist jedoch bei hoher Belastung des Lagers keine sichere Gewähr dafür gegeben, dass kein Elastomer in den Spalt zwischen Topf und Deckel eindringen kann. Bei diesem Topflager ist ausserdem das Elastomer-Kissen nicht mit beidseitigen aufvulkanisierten Stahlplatten ausgerüstet.Finally, an elastomeric pot bearing is already known (DE-A-1 806 628), in which the elastomer layer is set back with respect to the pot and lid. Due to this measure, however, there is no reliable guarantee that no elastomer can penetrate the gap between the pot and the lid when the bearing is under high load. In this pot bearing, the elastomer cushion is also not equipped with vulcanized steel plates on both sides.
Auch bei einem ferner bekannten Gummilager («Der Bauingenieur", 39 (1964), Heft 2, Seite 63 Abb. 29) sind mit ihm die beidseitigen Stahlplatten nicht vulkanisiert, demnach kein Bestandteil desselben und dienen daher auch nicht dessen Bewehrung. Vielmehr sind die beiden Stahlplatten dort Bestandteil der stählernen Festhaltekonstruktion.Even in a well-known rubber bearing ("Der Bauingenieur " , 39 (1964),
Die Stahlplatten des bewehrten Elastomer-Lagers lassen einem Topflager gemäss der Erfindung einen geringen Spalt zur Topfwand frei, damit bei Verdrehungen keine Klemmkräfte entstehen. Durch den Ersatz der Elastomer-Scheibe durch ein bewehrtes Elastomer-Lager mit den Konstruktionsmerkmalen der überkragenden Stahlplatten und evtl. konkaven Stirnflächen wird das Problem der Dichtigkeit gelöst und damit der schwache Punkt der bisherigen Ausführungsform beseitigt, denn das Elastomer kommt nicht mehr in Berührung mit dem Spalt zwischen Topfwandung und den Bewehrungsplatten bzw. Deckel und läuft nicht Gefahr, in den Spalt eingeklemmt zu werden. Die Funktionsweise der eingeschlossenen Flüssigkeit wird von dem Elastomer auch bei dieser Bauart beibehalten, sie wird aber durch die Bewehrungsplatten erzwungen und ist nicht auf eine komplizierte Dichtung angewiesen.The steel plates of the reinforced elastomer bearing leave a pot bearing according to the invention a small gap to the pot wall, so that no clamping forces arise when twisted. By replacing the elastomer washer with a reinforced elastomer bearing with the design features of the overhanging steel plates and possibly concave end faces, the problem of tightness is solved and thus the weak point of the previous embodiment is eliminated, because the elastomer no longer comes into contact with the Gap between the wall of the pot and the reinforcement plates or cover and does not run the risk of being caught in the gap. The functionality of the enclosed liquid is retained by the elastomer even with this type of construction, but it is enforced by the reinforcement plates and does not rely on a complicated seal.
Bei Belastung des Lagers wölbt sich die Randfläche des Lagers aus, ohne die Topfwand und den Spalt zwischen Topfwand und Stahlplatte zu erreichen. Erst bei grösserer Belastung erreicht die Auswölbung den Topfrand, der dann ein weiteres Auswölben vermeidet. Es entsteht dadurch bei hohen Belastungen eine zusätzliche Einfassung des Elastomers, ohne dass dabei das Elastomer den Spalt zwischen Topf und Stahlplatte bzw. Dekkel erreicht und eventuell hier eingeklemmt wird.When the bearing is loaded, the edge surface of the bearing bulges out without reaching the cup wall and the gap between the cup wall and the steel plate. The bulge only reaches the edge of the pot when there is a greater load, which then prevents further bulging. This creates an additional edging of the elastomer at high loads without the elastomer reaching the gap between the pot and the steel plate or lid and possibly being pinched here.
In der Zeichnung ist ein elastomeres Topflager der erfindungsgemässen Art in einer beispielsweise gewählten Ausführungsform in einem abgerissenen Querschnitt schematisch veranschaulicht. Es zeigen:
- Fig. 1 das Topflager in unbelastetem Zustand und
- Fig. 2 das Topflager in belastetem Zustand.
- Fig. 1 the pot bearing in the unloaded state and
- Fig. 2 the pot bearing in the loaded state.
Das hier für ein solches elastomeres Topflager verwendete bewehrte Elastomer-Lager ist so ausgebildet, dass die frei umlaufenden Stirnflächen 1 der Elastomer-Scheibe 2 konkav ausgebildet sind und deren beidseitigen Stahlplatten 3 über den an sie angrenzenden Rand 4 der Elastomer-Schicht 2 hinausragen. Dieses so ausgebildete Elastomer- Lager sitzt zwischen dem Zylindertopf 5 und dem in ihm eingreifenden Deckel 6. Solange dieses Topflager unbelastet ist (Fig. 1), behält die umlaufende Stirnfläche 1 der Elastomer-Schicht 2 ihre konkave Gestalt. Wird das Lager nun aber belastet (Fig.2), wird die Stirnfläche 1 der Elastomer-Schicht 2 - beginnend aus ihrer Ausgangslage 1' - allmählich nach aussen gewölbt, bis sie - bei grosser Belastung des Lagers - in ihrer Endlage 1" zur Anlage an die innere Zylinderwandung des Topfes gelangt. Wenn auch bereits in den meisten Fällen genügt, dass die Stahlplatten, nämlich die untere Stahlplatte 3 über den an sie angrenzenden Rand 4 der Elastomer-Schicht 2 des bewehrten Elastomer-Lagers hinausragt, um ein Eindringen von Elastomermaterial in den Spalt 7 zwischen Topf 5 und Deckel 6 zu verhindern, wird dies umso mehr erreicht durch die konkave Ausbildung der frei umlaufenden Stirnflächen 1 der Elastomer-Schicht 2 des Elastomer-Lagers.The reinforced elastomer bearing used here for such an elastomeric pot bearing is designed such that the freely rotating
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AT82101302T ATE22338T1 (en) | 1981-02-20 | 1982-02-19 | ELASTOMERIC BEARINGS FOR BUILDINGS. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE3106402 | 1981-02-20 | ||
| DE3106402 | 1981-02-20 |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0058971A2 EP0058971A2 (en) | 1982-09-01 |
| EP0058971A3 EP0058971A3 (en) | 1983-08-03 |
| EP0058971B1 true EP0058971B1 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
Family
ID=6125384
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP82101302A Expired EP0058971B1 (en) | 1981-02-20 | 1982-02-19 | Elastomer pot bearing for structures |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0058971B1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE22338T1 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE3273268D1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4593501A (en) * | 1983-10-11 | 1986-06-10 | Isosys, Inc. | Vibration and shock isolator with adjustable stiffness |
| CN108252204A (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2018-07-06 | 江苏万宝桥梁构件有限公司 | A kind of pot bearing easy to install |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1806628A1 (en) * | 1968-11-02 | 1970-05-21 | Continental Gummi Werke Ag | Tilting bearings for buildings |
| FR1600397A (en) * | 1968-12-31 | 1970-07-20 | ||
| DE2262816A1 (en) * | 1972-12-22 | 1974-06-27 | Louis Dipl Ing Wintergerst | ELASTOMER TILT JOINTS FOR HIGH PRESSURE AND LARGE TILT ANGLES |
-
1982
- 1982-02-19 EP EP82101302A patent/EP0058971B1/en not_active Expired
- 1982-02-19 AT AT82101302T patent/ATE22338T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1982-02-19 DE DE8282101302T patent/DE3273268D1/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATE22338T1 (en) | 1986-10-15 |
| EP0058971A2 (en) | 1982-09-01 |
| EP0058971A3 (en) | 1983-08-03 |
| DE3273268D1 (en) | 1986-10-23 |
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