EP0057761A1 - Storage vessel having a funnel-shaped discharge section, especially silo - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A bin having an unloading hopper, especially a silo, comprising an essentially cylindrical main bin part (1), a bin flange (4) welded to the bottom end thereof, and an unloading hopper (3) welded close to the bottom end of the main part, said unloading hopper (3) tapering, especially conically, from the weld point (21) downwards, i. e., opposite to the main part, wherein the unloading hopper is welded to the bin flange or to an additional annular flange (6) that may be joined to the bin flange, characterized in that bin flange (4) or the annular flange (6) is provided at its inner side with a supporting projection (19) for supporting the front end (20) of the unloading hopper (3) having the largest hopper diameter.

Description

The invention relates to a container with a removal funnel, in particular a silo, which has a substantially cylindrical container main part, a container flange welded to the lower end of the same and a removal funnel welded close to the lower end, which extends downwards from the welding point, i.e. opposite to the main part in particular tapered conically.

Such containers are set up for various storage, storage and other purposes and are used, for example, to house building materials, starting materials or raw materials for further chemical processing into plastics, for example, but also for agricultural purposes. The height or axial length can be many meters, for example 20 meters, for large containers. So that such containers can be used as silos or the like, a removal funnel is arranged on the inside in the lower part, which tapers downward towards a removal opening in such a way that the last remainder of the container contents also slide down to the removal opening by gravity. However, due to the great weight, such large containers must have great strength. In addition to picking up the load, i.e. great kink resistance, the container or parts of it should not bulge. In addition to these strength properties, however, it is also required that the manufacturing price is as low as possible. For this purpose it is advisable to industrially prefabricate the container or essential parts of it, to transport it to the actual place of use and to finally assemble or set it up there.

For this purpose it is already known to provide essentially cylindrical main parts with a flange at the lower end. The removal funnel is adapted with its front end of the largest outside diameter to the inside diameter of the main part in the vicinity of the lower front end of the same and welded to it there. This welding point is usually arranged at an axial distance from the lower edge or container flange. However, this often gives rise to difficulties in welding, since the welding point should be a continuous ring-shaped welding point and, in view of the many times large diameter, on the order of e.g. A few meters, a uniform contact of the outer edge of the removal funnel with the inner wall of the main container part is not always guaranteed. Uneven welds are often the result, which results in unreliable welding.

In order to avoid this disadvantage, it is also known to weld the upper front end of the removal funnel directly to the lower front end of the main part and to weld another approximately cylindrical part to this welding point, to a certain extent as a supplement to the main part. However, the force distribution is extremely unfavorable unless additional measures, such as the attachment of a reinforcement ring on the outside, are taken.

The invention has for its object to improve the container of the type mentioned in such a way that great stability can be achieved despite low manufacturing costs in a structurally simple manner.

The invention consists in that the removal funnel is welded to the inside of the container flange or an additional ring flange which can be connected to the container flange.

In the invention, the removal funnel is therefore not welded directly to the wall of the main container part on the inside thereof. Rather, the welding takes place between the wide front end of the removal funnel and a component that is substantially thicker or more stable and more resistant to resistance than the main part wall, namely the container flange or the additional ring flange, which offers a number of important advantages.

In addition, however, the greatest forces of the removal funnel are also transmitted directly to a part which, independently of the main part, can be made sufficiently stable, for example sufficiently thick. In this way, special building regulations of silos, for example according to DIN 1035, can be easily met without the need for laborious manipulations during welding.

Direct welding to the additional ring flange is particularly advantageous since the welding between the removal funnel and the ring flange can be made more easily accessible and can therefore be carried out more easily. In addition, the removal funnel can be separated from the container main part in a very simple manner and can be reattached to it simply by loosening the ring flange and bringing it back together. This makes it easier to transport large containers, since the total axial length is reduced by removing the discharge funnel with the ring flange. A further advantage is, however, that the main part and the removal container can still be transported together without a greater axial length than that of the main part itself. So the ring flange is only in an inverted, i.e. screwed to the actual installation position opposite position to the container flange, so that the removal funnel is in this "shortened" transport position within the main part.

Since the welding of the discharge funnel with this ring flange is also very easily accessible, a better welded connection is often achieved than was previously possible.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is recommended if the container flange or ring flange has a support projection on the inside for supporting the front end of the removal funnel. The removal funnel is then simply plugged with its front end of the largest diameter onto this support projection serving as a holding member. The welding of these two components then takes place in the corner then formed between the front edge of the removal funnel and the ring flange or its inner lateral surface, without special holding clamps etc. having to be provided. The strength of the welded joint under load is also significantly improved.

It has been shown that the ring flange or container flange can be produced for this purpose very simply and inexpensively and nevertheless extremely stably if it is produced from an extruded profile, in particular extruded from aluminum or an aluminum alloy. Thus, an annular segment is formed from an elongated rod of such an extruded profile by rolling and its approaching front ends are expediently welded to one another so that the required ring tension can be absorbed by this ring flange. When extruding and / or rolling, the support projection can also be formed immediately.

While it is advisable to manufacture not only the container and possibly the ring flange, but also the extraction funnel and the main part from aluminum, it is expedient according to a further embodiment of the invention to connect the container or ring flange at the lower end to a support ring which is made of another material, in particular steel. Since this support ring is located outside of the area in which there can be contact with the filling material, such considerations no longer need to be taken into account for the material of the supporting ring that apply to the other building materials that come into contact with the filling material of the container. Such a support ring expediently consists of a cross-sectionally U-shaped profile, which in turn is useful is moderately rolled into a ring and has suitable through holes in order to be connected on the one hand to the container flange and possibly the ring flange and on the other hand - if necessary - to be able to be anchored on a foundation or support. Such steel support rings are ideal for transferring the forces that occur, which means that the silo weight can also be weighed using modern three-point support methods.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, such a support ring also has a further task: if conical shapes are used for the main part, rather than strictly cylindrical ones, a larger number of main parts can be inserted into one another and transported together. After the plug-in stacking of such main parts, at the end of the stack, namely at the open end of the largest diameter, the stacks of the reverse, i.e. into the corresponding removal funnel projecting into the main parts, the support ring of each container simultaneously serving as a spacer for the ring flanges of the removal funnels also assembled in such a plug-and-stack arrangement.

The invention therefore represents a particularly happy solution to various subtasks: it not only simplifies production. In addition, a very stable container is also created for large volumes, which is easy to assemble and disassemble, and which takes up very little transport space even when transporting a large number, which is particularly important with silos or tanks of large lengths , if these are to be transported on semitrailers, freight wagons or ships, for example. So it is possible to be able to transport not only one, but a larger number of e.g. 5 to 10 silos at once on a semi-trailer, provided the semi-trailer can withstand the total weight.

• Fig. 1 eine Außenansicht eines erfindungsgemäßen Behälters in Form eines Silos in schematischer Darstellung;
• Fig. 2 einen Teilschnitt des Bereiches A von Fig. 1 in der Stellung, in der der Silo seine Aufgabe zu erfüllen hat;
• Fig. 3 einen entsprechenden schematischen Teilschnitt in einer bevorzugten Transportlage und
• Fig. 4 eine Ansicht - teilweise im Teilschnitt - eines Stapels von Behälter-Hauptteilen im Zustand, in dem diese ineinander verschachtelt zusammengesteckt werden;
• Fig. 5 einen Teilschnitt gemäß Fig. 2 aber ohne einen zusätzlichen Ringflansch.

Two exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In it show:

• Figure 1 is an external view of a container according to the invention in the form of a silo in a schematic representation.
• FIG. 2 shows a partial section of area A from FIG. 1 in the position in which the silo has to fulfill its task;
• Fig. 3 shows a corresponding schematic partial section in a preferred transport position and
• Fig. 4 is a view - partly in partial section - of a stack of main container parts in the state in which they are nested together;
• 5 shows a partial section according to FIG. 2 but without an additional ring flange.

1, the large-capacity container designed here as a silo is composed of several parts, namely the main part 1, the ring flange 6 with the removal funnel 3 and the support ring 7, which was anchored on support beams 10 in a manner not shown. The main part 1 is provided at the top with the filling opening 11 and at two, three or even more points with fastening elements 12, on which ropes, chains or the like can engage in order to be able to lift the container or only the main part 1. At the lower end of the main part 1 there is the container flange 4 and in any case during transport at a certain distance from it an additional retaining ring 2 which serves as a spacer with the support struts 5 which run along the outside of the wall of the main part 1 up to the retaining ring 2. The container flange 4, the ring flange 6 and the support ring 7 are held together by means of screw bolts 8, so that the container forms a structural unit in the position shown in FIG. The removal opening 9 is located at the lower end of the removal funnel 3. In this functional or use position, the container axis 13 runs vertically.

According to FIG. 2, the aluminum wall of the main part 1 is double-welded to the container flange 4 at the lower end, namely at a weld 23 on the inside of both parts and at a fillet weld 24 on the outside of the two parts. Below the inside 22 of the ring-shaped container flange 4, the welding point 21 closes between the upper front end (front end with the largest diameter) of the discharge funnel 3 and the inside of the ring flange 6, so that there are as far as possible no niches and filling material without obstruction along the inside of the main part 1 and the discharge funnel 3 can slide down. However, the removal funnel 3 is supported at the upper end on the frustoconical support surface 25 of the support projection 19 of the ring flange 6, as a result of which not only a great deal of force can be absorbed, but also better pre-adjustment and mounting for welding. Below the ring flange 6 made of aluminum is the support ring 7. This is made of steel and forms a U-profile in cross section over the two legs 14 and the web 15. Through the container flange 4, the ring flange 6 and one leg 14 of the Support ring 7 go through through holes 16, 17 and 18, which serve to receive bolts, so that these three parts can be easily screwed together. Such a through hole 16 is also located in the lower leg 14 of the support ring 7, for example for anchoring on the support beams 10 or other foundations.

While the removal funnel 3 has an inclination i to the container axis 13, in this preferred embodiment of the invention the wall of the main part 1 is not cylindrical, but is also slightly inclined upwards and inwards from the welding points 23, 24 by the angles. As shown in FIG. 3, the structural unit formed from the removal funnel 3 and the ring flange 6 can be connected to the container flange 4 in a position reversed from FIG. 2, so that the removal funnel 3 protrudes inwards. Here too, the support ring 7 is screwed onto the ring flange 6 at the bottom (the screw connection is not shown separately) ) and on the underside of the support ring 7, which is not shown, an annular flange (also not shown) of another extraction funnel 3a is screwed on, so that the support ring 7 serves here as a spacer between adjacent nested funnels 3, 3a.

According to FIG. 4, six main parts 1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d and 1a are already nested one on top of the other, for which purpose cables S1, S2 are used, which originate from cranes (not shown above) and the uppermost main part 1 in the direction of the arrow just with its container flange 4 have placed the spacer ring 2 of the spacer from the main part 1 a located below it.

According to FIG. 5, the removal funnel 3 is welded directly to the container flange 4 in an analogous manner to that which was done according to FIG. 2 with the additional ring flange. 5, the ring flange 6 is saved, but the container flange 4 is modified so that it is equipped with the support projection 19. This training is particularly recommended for smaller containers with a cylindrical main part 1. As indicated in broken lines, a support ring 7 can also be used here, the container flange 4 being placed on the support ring.

Claims (10)

1.container with an extraction funnel, in particular a silo, with an essentially cylindrical container main part, a container flange welded to the lower end of the same and a discharge funnel welded near the lower end of the main part, which starts from the welding point downwards, i.e. opposite to the main part, in particular conical or Tapered, characterized in that the removal funnel (3) is welded to the inside of the container flange (4) or an additional ring flange (6) which can be connected to the container flange (4). 2. Container according to claim 1, characterized in
that the container flange (4) or the ring flange (6) on the inside has a support projection (19) for supporting the front end (20) of the removal funnel (3) with the largest funnel diameter. 3. Container according to claim 2, characterized in
that the support projection (19) has a conical or conical support surface (25) for the removal funnel (3), the inclination of the container axis (13) corresponds to the inclination (eC) of the extraction funnel (3) to the container axis (13). 4. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the container flange (4) or the ring flange (6) is formed from an extruded profile deformed by rolling into a ring. 5. Container according to claim 4, characterized in
that the container flange (4) or the ring flange (6) consists of aluminum or an aluminum alloy. 6. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the container flange (4) or the ring flange (6) on the side facing away from the main part (4) can be connected to a support ring (7) which has a substantially U-shaped cross section with a cross to the container axis (13) or parallel to the container flange (5) or annular flange (6) extending legs (14). 7. Container according to claim 6, characterized in
that the support ring (7) consists of steel. 8. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the main part (1) is butt welded to the inside of the container flange (4) so that the inside of the main part (1) and the inside of the container flange (4) are flush. 9. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the front end (20) of the removal funnel (3), which is supported on the support projection (19), is welded at its front edge to the container flange (4) or the ring flange (6). 10. Container according to one of the preceding claims,
characterized,
that the main part (1) from the container flange (4) tapers conically or conically upwards and the removal funnel (3), in particular for transport purposes, can be plugged into the main part (1) in reverse, that the ring flange (6) reversed to the installation position can be connected to the container flange (4).

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