EP0053563B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Kapseln zu Verschlussmaschinen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Kapseln zu Verschlussmaschinen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0053563B1
EP0053563B1 EP81420169A EP81420169A EP0053563B1 EP 0053563 B1 EP0053563 B1 EP 0053563B1 EP 81420169 A EP81420169 A EP 81420169A EP 81420169 A EP81420169 A EP 81420169A EP 0053563 B1 EP0053563 B1 EP 0053563B1
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Prior art keywords
conveyor
cells
rate
cell
caps
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EP81420169A
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French (fr)
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EP0053563A1 (de
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Albert Scheidegger
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Albea Tubes France SAS
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Cebal SAS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
    • B67B3/00—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps
    • B67B3/02—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps by applying flanged caps, e.g. crown caps, and securing by deformation of flanges
    • B67B3/06—Feeding caps to capping heads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B67—OPENING, CLOSING OR CLEANING BOTTLES, JARS OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; LIQUID HANDLING
    • B67B—APPLYING CLOSURE MEMBERS TO BOTTLES JARS, OR SIMILAR CONTAINERS; OPENING CLOSED CONTAINERS
    • B67B3/00—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps
    • B67B3/02—Closing bottles, jars or similar containers by applying caps by applying flanged caps, e.g. crown caps, and securing by deformation of flanges
    • B67B3/04—Cutting caps from strip material in capping machines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an installation for supplying fragile capsules to a stoppering machine operating at high speed from several cells for manufacturing said capsules, the capsules being collected at the outlet of the cells and transferred to the capping machine by an endless chain conveyor, according to the preambles of claims 1 and 3, respectively, as they are known from patent application FR-A-2 375 136.
  • the capsule manufacturing cells are machines with precise and delicate mechanical parts. They cannot be installed in the immediate vicinity of the capping machine, the stopping or starting of which may result in the breaking of containers containing aggressive or foaming products. Bottlers request that, near the capping machine, space be left free for the carousel for bringing in and taking out containers, to allow cleaning often with plenty of water from these machines. It is therefore practically impossible to set up, in the immediate vicinity of the capping machine, a capsule manufacturing cell and, a fortiori, two or more cells.
  • the solution to the problem is characterized in that one puts in parallel (N + 1) manufacturing cells, N being the number of cells necessary to respond to the requested blocking rate (C ), in that the connection between the conveyor and the machine is ensured by an inclined main corridor, provided with at least two detectors detecting minimum and maximum levels, in that the conveyor is a two-speed honeycomb conveyor, of which the maximum flow rate is at least equal to the production rate of the (N + 1) cells and can be reduced to a lower flow rate corresponding as much as possible to the nominal capping rate (C), the transition from the first speed to the second being controlled by the main corridor detectors, in that the connection between each cel lule and the conveyor is ensured by an individual inclined corridor, each being provided with at least two detectors detecting minimum and maximum levels, each cell being able to operate at two flow rates: a maximum flow rate a little more than the amount needed , and a lower flow lower than the required flow C N + 1, the passage from one flow to the other being controlled by the level detectors
  • N + 1 each of capacity C N capsules / hour.
  • the additional cell of rank (N + 1) acts as a reserve.
  • this reserve is constituted by any one of the N + 1 cells.
  • the (N + 1) cells operate permanently at a reduced rate, each supplying C N + 1 capsules / hour.
  • the N cells in activity accelerate their production at the theoretical rate of c each.
  • main corridor constitutes an intermediate storage of capsules blocked in line.
  • This storage has a minimal capacity, but sufficient however to control the operation of the conveyor and, consequently, of the cells downstream, it makes it possible to adjust at any time the manufacture of capsules according to demand.
  • the conveyor is fed from each cell by gravity via an individual inclined corridor also constituting minimal intermediate storage.
  • Each individual corridor is equipped with two detectors defining two levels, an upper level or "maximum” and a lower level or “minimum”. If each of the cells provides a number of N + e capsules greater than the number necessary, the corridor is filled. When the level of the capsules reaches the "maximum” detector, this stops the cell, or better, makes it operate at a slower speed. The hallway empties. The level of the capsules reaches the "mini” level. The second detector again controls the operation of the cell at its nominal flow rate E + ⁇ .
  • each cell When all the cells (N + 1) are in service, the level of capsules waiting in each individual lane must be able, in this case also, to oscillate between the levels of the minimum and maximum detectors. To fill each lane to the maximum level, the corresponding cell is operated at its maximum flow CN + e. To empty the corridor to the minimum level, the cubicle must operate at a speed lower than the required flow , or a debit So each cell is set to operate at two rates Whether with N or N + 1 cells in operation, cell production meets demand, the level of the individual lanes varies constantly between the minimum and maximum levels.
  • the conveyor is a cell conveyor, each cell of which has dimensions corresponding to those of a capsule, this in order to preserve the orientation of the capsules originating from the cells via the corridors.
  • the conveyor is supplied by the N + 1 individual lanes arranged successively along its route. All the alveoli of the conveyor must be supplied with capsules, without two capsules being able to enter the same alveolus and risk being trapped and deforming therein. This is the reason for the selectors placed at the exit of each individual corridor. Each distributes the capsules of its lane one by one in the successive cells by circular permutation. Each selector feeds the cells in a step (N + 1) leaving the N intermediate cells available to be supplied from the N other individual lanes.
  • the main corridor is equipped with two detectors defining minimum and maximum levels. These detectors control a slow speed and a fast speed respectively. Fast speed is set for cell flow slow speed for
  • the slow speed of the conveyor controlled by the upper detector gives a flow of capsules C - e l lowers the level slowly in the main corridor.
  • the rapid speed of the conveyor allows the level of capsules to rise when the minimum level is reached in the main corridor located downstream.
  • all the inclined corridors both the main corridor and the individual corridors, are fitted with two additional detectors.
  • a high detector above the maximum detector a low detector below the minimum detector.
  • the high detector detects an anomaly downstream and stops the conveyor.
  • the low detector detects an anomaly upstream. It sets off an alarm and stops the capping machine.
  • the high detector stops the corresponding cell
  • the low detector restarts the cell if it is stopped, or stops it by signaling an anomaly if it is operating.
  • the integrated packaging chains are not suddenly put into operation at their maximum capacity, but gradually, or, more often, in stages.
  • the nominal blocking rate gradually varies from a minimum C m to a maximum C M.
  • the motors of the various machines, including those of the conveyor cells, are powered by variable speed motors.
  • the entire installation operates according to a program based on the instantaneous nominal rate C ; .
  • the installation shown corresponds to the case where the number (N + 1) of cells installed is 5. This installation can operate with only four cells in service. Each element of the installation is defined by a numerical reference. Identical elements such as the five cells are differentiated by alphabetical indices.
  • FIG. 1 there are five cells (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) for making capsules schematized here by simple parallelepipeds. These five cells (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) can feed by gravity, via five individual inclined corridors (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e) a single conveyor (3) which combines the production of the five cells.
  • a dotted position P 3 is indicated for reloading.
  • the conveyor is formed of an endless chain of wagons each comprising a vertical cylindrical cell (4) without bottom which opens at the upper and lower part.
  • the horizontal section of these plastic cells closely corresponds to the cross section of a capsule (5), as shown in Figure 5, so that the tab capsules inserted vertically are forced to keep the orientation they had in the individual corridors (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e).
  • the conveyor (3) shown in Figures 1,2 or 3 is straight horizontal. It rests on a table (6) on which slide the capsules (5) driven in their vertical cells (4). But the conveyor (3) may as well have curves, rising or falling portions, which gives maximum flexibility to the installation. Instead of sitting on a table (6), it can also be accompanied by a simple lower slide which supports the capsules in the alveoli.
  • the conveyor (3) feeds the capping machine via an inclined main corridor (8) and a dispensing container (9) as specified below.
  • the capping machine (7) comprises several crimping heads (10) which make it possible to cork at the rate of 60,000 operations per hour for the bottles (1) brought by a carousel (12).
  • the five cells (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) are each suspended on two slides (13a ⁇ 14a, 1 3b-14b, 13c-14c, 13d ⁇ 14d, 13e ⁇ 14e) arranged at the upper part of a frame defining the volume of the capsule manufacturing unit offset in height relative to one another. These slides allow easy movement of the five cells (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) transversely in front of or behind the conveyor (3) for reloading with raw material (aluminum strip or plastic seal) or for maintenance.
  • the three positions (P 1 -P 2 -P 3 ) are shown in Figure 3. Suspending the cells from elevated slides makes them particularly easy to access while protecting them from most liquid splashes.
  • each cell is associated with a hopper (15a-15b-15c-15d-15e) and with a mechanism for supplying seals produced according to a known technique.
  • the cells are in fact placed on the slides by means of pads (16). They can thus be easily lifted by a hoist or forklift, and very easily replaced.
  • the movement of each cell in the three positions P l -P 2 -P 3 is controlled by an easily disconnectable cylinder.
  • FIG. 3 there is a strip of aluminum wound on a reel (17).
  • the skeleton (18) of this strip after cutting blanks corresponding to the dimensions of the capsules (5) is driven by a wheel (19) to be recovered.
  • the cut capsules, formed and provided with their seal by the mechanisms (20a-20b-20c-20d-20e) of each cell are immediately distributed in the corresponding individual corridor (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e). They are in vertical position with their tabs at the rear, that is to say, here, at the top, as shown in FIG. 4 in the main corridor (8).
  • Each individual corridor (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e) is split into two rigid elements, an upper element secured to the corresponding cell, a lower element secured to the conveyor table (3). These two elements are connected by a snap-in device (21 a-21 b-21 c-21 d-21 e) which fixes, precisely, when it is in service, the position of each cell relative to the conveyor ( 3). Only the latching (21) of the corridor (2a) is indicated in FIG. 3, but the same device is used on the five individual corridors.
  • Each individual lane (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e) is provided with four detectors respectively (22a-23a-24a-25a, 22b-23b-24b-25b, 22c-23c-24c-25c, 22d-23d-24d -25d, 22e-23e-24e-25e) distributed successively along its length and a distribution selector (26a-26b-26c-26d-26e) at its end, that is to say at its connection with the conveyor (3) as shown diagrammatically in FIG. 3.
  • These selectors are in the form of a star wheel whose branches are spaced apart by a capsule diameter. They control the exit of the capsules in synchronization with the passage of the alveoli (4) of the transporter.
  • the cells (4) are filled by circular permutation, the selectors assigning each of the successive cells to one of the five lanes (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e). If one selector stops, one in five cells will not be filled.
  • the main corridor (8) is also provided with 4 detectors (27-28-29-30). It opens inside the crown, divided into compartments, of a distributor disc (9) as shown in FIG. 4.
  • This disc has an axis of rotation parallel to that of the capping machine (7). It rotates with a circumferential speed substantially half that of the heads (10).
  • the disc compartments are arranged to each face a head (10) when the installation is in operation and the disc and the heads are in rapid rotation.
  • the capsules (5) first pass by gravity from the corridor (8) into the compartments where they are retained by a peripheral belt. They are then projected one by one by centrifugal force through a lumen from the compartments in each of the heads (10).
  • a compressed air nozzle (31) facilitates the passage of the capsules (5) in the heads (10).
  • the relatively low speed of rotation of the disc (9) allows loading without difficulty of the compartments from the corridor (8) static. This same speed of rotation of the disc (9) then allows the loading of the heads (10) without too much variation in speed.
  • This disc (9) also prevents wastage of capsules (5).
  • an unused capsule (5) remains from a previous passage in a head (10), it drives back the one which occurs in a disc compartment (9) which in turn drives back the one which will appear at the bottom of the corridor ( 8).
  • Each of the lanes (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e-8) has a cross section closely corresponding to that of the capsules (5). It is the same for the cross section of the cells (4) of the conveyor, as well as the disc compartments (9). Thus, the orientation initially given to the capsules at the exit of the cells (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) is preserved up to the heads (10).
  • Each corridor thus constitutes a small intermediate storage loaded on the downstream device, that is to say the conveyor (3) for the individual corridors (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e) or the distributor disc (9) for the main corridor (8).
  • the detector (30) immediately stops the capping machine (7) and the carousel (12) for supplying bottles (11).
  • the capsules are engorged due to an incident on the capping machine (7) or to the supply of bottles (11).
  • the detector (27) immediately stops the conveyor (3), and consequently, the cells (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) downstream.
  • the detectors (28) and (29) define “maximum” and “minimum” levels in the corridor (8).
  • the presence of a capsule at the maximum level (28) causes the conveyor (3) to slow down to its slow speed.
  • the absence of a capsule at the minimum level (29) causes the accelerator (3) to accelerate at its rapid speed.
  • the capping rate (C) of the machine (7) is 60,000 bottles per hour.
  • the fast speed of the conveyor (3) corresponds to a maximum flow of cells or 75,500 cells / hour, its slow speed Ce ; at 59,500 cells / hour.
  • the main corridor feeds the main corridor at the flow rates of 4/5 x 59,500 or 4/5 x 75,500 capsules / hour, or respectively 47,600 or 60,400 capsules / hour depending on whether it operates at low or high speed. Since the consumption of capsules is 60,000 capsules / hour, the level in the main corridor can vary between the minimum and the maximum (29-28).
  • the conveyor feeds the main corridor (8 ) at the rate of 59,500 or 75,500 capsules / hour.
  • the level of capsules in the main corridor can still fluctuate between the mini (29) and the maxi (28).
  • the two production rates for each cell (1 a-1 b-1 c-1 d-1 e) or are here 15,200 and 11,800.
  • production In operation with five cells, production varies between 76,000 and 59,000 capsules / hour. In both cases, the production capacities frame the possibilities of racking by the conveyor (3) at the bottom of the individual lanes.
  • the level of capsules in each of the individual lanes (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e) varies between the mini (24a-24b-24c-24d-24e) and the maxi (23a-23b-23c-23d-23e) with always a few capsules waiting between the selector (26a-26b-26c-26d-26e) and the corresponding minimum level (25a-25b-25c-25d-25e).
  • the motors of the entire capsule manufacturing facility are variable speed motors. Their speed varies according to the nominal rate C.
  • the small reserve of capsules, which exists in the main corridor (8) between the distributor disc (9) and the lower detector (30) which controls the general stop as well as the few capsules which are stored in the disc (9) and the heads (10) are very useful in making it possible to somewhat dampen the stoppage of the installation.
  • the small reserve of capsules between each of the individual selectors (26a-26b-26c-26d-26e) and the lower detector (25a-25b-25c-25d-25e) of each individual lane (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e ) is also highly appreciated by the person responsible for the bottling plant.
  • the wagons are assembled by cardan hooks which allow the conveyor to follow an uneven path, to move away the mechanical part where the five cells are gathered (1a-1b -1c-1d-1e) of the bottling and capping area of the bottles (11).
  • the cells (4) of the wagons are vertical cells without bottom. They are only blocked at the bottom by the table (6) of the conveyor (3). They therefore easily receive, by simple gravity, the capsules (5) coming from the individual lanes (2a-2b-2c-2d-2e). An orifice (32) of suitable section above the passage (8) is sufficient for the filled cells (4) to discharge into this passage, by gravity.

Claims (10)

1. Verfahren zum kontinuierlichen Beschicken einer mit hohem Arbeitstakt arbeitenden Verschlußmaschine mit zerbrechlichen Kapseln, deren Ausrichtung vorgegeben ist, wobei ausgehend von mehreren Einheiten zur Herstellung dieser Kapseln, diese am Ausgang der Einheiten gesammelt und mittels eines Endloskettenförderers zur Verschlußmaschine transportiert werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- die Anzahl der Herstellungseinheiten N + 1 ist, wobei N die für den geforderten Arbeitstakt (C) des Verschließens erforderliche Anzahl von Herstellungseinheiten ist,
- die Verbindung zwischen dem Förderer (3) und der Verschlußmaschine (7) durch einen geneigten Hauptverbindungskanal (8) hergestellt ist, der mit wenigstens zwei, das minimale- (23a) und das maximale- (24a) Niveau nachweisenden Detektoren (29, 28) versehen ist,
- der Förderer (3) ein Zellenförderer mit zwei Geschwindigkeiten ist, dessen maximale Förderleistung mindestens gleich dem Herstellungsarbeitstakt der (N + 1) Einheiten ist, die auf eine untere Förderleistung reduziert werden kann, die maximal dem nominalen Verschlußarbeitstakt (C) entspricht, wobei der Übergang von der ersten zur zweiten Geschwindigkeit von den Detektoren (28, 29) des Hauptverbindungskanals (8) gesteuert wird,
- die Verbindung zwischen jeder Einheit (1 a) und dem Förderer (3) jeweils durch einen einzelnen geneigten Verbindungskanal hergestellt ist, wobei jeder mit wenigstens zwei, das minimale- (24a) und das maximale- (23a) Niveau nachweisenden Detektoren (29, 28) ausgerüstet ist,
- jede Einheit mit zwei Förderleistungen arbeiten kann:
- einer maximalen Förderleistung N + c, die etwas größer als der erforderliche Wert C N ist, und
- einer unteren Förderleistung
Figure imgb0016
die kleiner als die erforderliche Förderleistung ―― ist,
- der Übergang von einer Förderleistung auf die andere von den Niveaudetektoren (29, 28) des entsprechenden Verbindungskanals (2a) gesteuert wird,
- jeder einzelne Verbindungskanal (2a) mit einer Verteilungsauswahlvorrichtung (26a) versehen ist, die durch zyklisches Vertauschen die aufeinanderfolgenden Zellen (4) des Förderers mit Kapseln (5) beschickt, wobei jede Zelle (4) somit einem der einzelnen aufeinanderfolgenden Verbindungskanäle (2a) zugeordnet ist.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kapseln (5) vom Ausgang des Hauptverbindungskanals (8) an die Verschlußköpfe (10) mittels einer Verteilerscheibe (9) gefördert werden, die sich mit einer Umfangsgeschwindigkeit dreht, die halb so groß ist, wie die der Verschlußköpfe (10).
3. Einrichtung zum kontinuierlichen Beschicken, gemäß dem Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 2, einer mit hohem Arbeitstakt arbeitenden Verschlußmaschine mit zerbrechlichen Kapseln, deren Ausrichtung vorgegeben ist, die nebeneinander
- mehrere Einheiten zur Herstellung der Kapseln und
- einen Zellenförderer in Form einer Endloskette als Mittel, das von den Herstellungseinheiten aus die Verschlußmaschine mit Kapseln beschickt, aufweist,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
- die Zellen vertikale Zellen (4) ohne Boden sind,
- das Mittel zur Beschickung der Zellen, von jeder Einheit (1 a) aus, ein einzelner geneigter Verbindungskanal (2a) ist, der mit wenigstens zwei Detektoren (29, 28) versehen ist, die das minimale-(24a) und das maximale-(23a) Niveau nachweisen,
- der Ausgang jedes einzelnen Verbindungskanals (2a) mit einer Auswahlvorrichtung (26a) versehen ist, die das Beschicken der aufeinanderfolgenden Zellen (4) des Förderers (3) durch zyklische Vertauschung steuert,
- das Mittel zur Beschickung der Verschlußmaschine vom Förderer (3) aus, ein weiterer geneigter Verbindungskanal (8) ist, der auf einer Verteilerscheibe (9) mündet, deren Kammern den Verschlußköpfen (10) gegenüberliegen.
4. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Profilschnitt jedes geneigten Verbindungskanals (des Hauptkanals (8) und der einzelnen Kanäle (2a)) sowie der des Förderers (3) und der Kammern der Verteilerscheibe (9) etwa dem Profilschnitt der Kapseln (5) entsprechen.
5. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder geneigte Haupt- (8) und Einzel-(2a) Verbindungskanal außer mit Minimal-/Maximal-Niveau (23a, 24a)-Detektoren (29,28) mit Ein-/ Aus-Detektoren (27-30), (22a, 25a) unter bzw. über den Minimal-/Maximal-Detektoren versehen ist.
6. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Herstellungseinheiten über dem Förderer (3) angeordnet sind und jede an horizontalen Gleitschienen (13a, 14a) in einer zu dem Förderer (3) senkrechten Ebene aufgehangen sind, wobei diese Gleitschienen (13a, 14a) erlauben, jede Herstellungseinheit (1 a) unabhängig seitlich gegenüber dem Förderer (3) zu verschieben, ohne das Funktionieren des Restes der Einrichtung zu beeinträchtigen.
7. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder den Transport der Kapseln (5) einer Einheit (1 a) zum Förderer (3) herstellenden Verbindungskanal (2a) aus zwei Elementen besteht, eines mit dem Förderer (3), das andere mit der Einheit fest verbunden ist, die beiden Elemente über eine Sperrvorrichtung (21 a) miteinander verbunden sind und somit für jede Einheit (1 a) eine feste Stellung während des Betriebs festlegen.
8. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Herstellungseinheiten an hochangebrachten Quergleitschienen aufgehangen sind, die somit leicht in die drei Stellungen: Betrieb, Nachfüllen, Wartung verschoben werden können.
9. Einrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einheiten (1 a) mittels Kufen (16) auf den Gleitschienen aufgesetzt sind.
10. Einrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Herstellungseinheiten so geregelt sind, daß sie mit zwei Geschwindigkeiten
Figure imgb0017
arbeiten, jeweils von den Minimum- und Maximum-Detektoren der jeweiligen einzelnen Förderkanäle gesteuert werden, während der Förderer (3) so geregelt ist, daß er mit zwei Zellenförderleistungen arbeitet, einer schnellen Förderleistung
Figure imgb0018
und einer weiteren langsamen Förderleistung
Figure imgb0019
wobei diese Förderleistungen jeweils von den Minimum-(29) und Maximum-(28) Detektoren des Hauptverbindungskanals (8) gesteuert werden.
EP81420169A 1980-11-14 1981-11-12 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zuführen von Kapseln zu Verschlussmaschinen Expired EP0053563B1 (de)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8024691 1980-11-14
FR8024691A FR2494250B1 (fr) 1980-11-14 1980-11-14 Procede d'alimentation en capsules d'une machine de bouchage

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EP0053563A1 EP0053563A1 (de) 1982-06-09
EP0053563B1 true EP0053563B1 (de) 1984-06-06

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JP (1) JPS57114495A (de)
BR (1) BR8107309A (de)
CA (1) CA1167427A (de)
DD (1) DD201993A5 (de)
DE (1) DE3164008D1 (de)
DK (1) DK502981A (de)
ES (1) ES8304025A1 (de)
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Publication number Publication date
DK502981A (da) 1982-05-15
FR2494250A1 (fr) 1982-05-21
BR8107309A (pt) 1982-08-03
JPS57114495A (en) 1982-07-16
FR2494250B1 (fr) 1985-07-05
DE3164008D1 (en) 1984-07-12
ES507098A0 (es) 1983-02-16
DD201993A5 (de) 1983-08-24
US4445310A (en) 1984-05-01
EP0053563A1 (de) 1982-06-09
ES8304025A1 (es) 1983-02-16
CA1167427A (fr) 1984-05-15
OA06950A (fr) 1983-07-31

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