EP0052937A1 - A fuel injector for internal combustion engines - Google Patents

A fuel injector for internal combustion engines Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0052937A1
EP0052937A1 EP81304858A EP81304858A EP0052937A1 EP 0052937 A1 EP0052937 A1 EP 0052937A1 EP 81304858 A EP81304858 A EP 81304858A EP 81304858 A EP81304858 A EP 81304858A EP 0052937 A1 EP0052937 A1 EP 0052937A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
slide
fuel
atomizer
holes
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81304858A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
Sigmund Wolles Due
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MAN B&W Diesel AS
Original Assignee
MAN B&W Diesel AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MAN B&W Diesel AS filed Critical MAN B&W Diesel AS
Publication of EP0052937A1 publication Critical patent/EP0052937A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/06—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series the valves being furnished at seated ends with pintle or plug shaped extensions
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M61/00—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00
    • F02M61/04—Fuel-injectors not provided for in groups F02M39/00 - F02M57/00 or F02M67/00 having valves, e.g. having a plurality of valves in series
    • F02M61/10—Other injectors with elongated valve bodies, i.e. of needle-valve type

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, comprising a valve guide the forward end of which is formed as an atomizer closed at its front end and having one or more transverse atomizer holes for the injection of fuel, a slide axially displaceable in the guide for opening and closing the atomizer holes, a supply duct for supplying pressurized fuel to the atomizer, and a closing spring acting on the slide against the fuel pressure in the duct for retaining the slide in its closed position which is determined, by the abutment of opposed abutment surfaces on the slide and the valve guide, such that the atomizer holes are uncovered only after a certain travel of the slide from its closed position.
  • the invention aims at remedying this drawback and according to the invention said abutment surfaces,which determine the closed position of the slide, are formed as cooperating valve seat faces for controlling a flow passage between two successive sections of the fuel supply duct, said sections being located upstream and downstream, respectively, of said surfaces.
  • the invention is based on the assumption that the after-dripping from the known injector is due to the fact that at the termination of the injection period the slide is subjected to a relatively high force exerted by the powerful closing spring, while at the same time the opposed fuel pressure decreases rapidly.
  • the two abutment surfaces will therefore impinge so hard on one another that the slide recoils, possibly several times, thereby temporarily uncovering the atomizer holes so that fuel at the reduced pressure can drip through the holes.
  • the assumption is strengthened by the fact that the tendency towards after-dripping is the more pronounced the more abruptly the pressure relief in the fuel duct occurs.
  • the risk of after-dripping is eliminated or at least substantially reduced in consequence of the functioning of said abutment surfaces as a valve which does not close until some time after the forward portion of the slide has covered the atomizer holes.
  • Fuel which is being pressed rearwardly from the atomizer during the subsequent final part of the closing movement, flows through the-open valve, and this rearward flow of fuel dampens the movement of the slide thereby ensuring a soft engagement between the abutment surfaces without danger of the slide recoiling and again uncovering the atomizer holes.
  • the invention has the further advantage that the abutment surfaces remain in engagement during that period of the working cycle of a directly connected fuel pump, in which the fuel pressure rises to the value at which it can overcome the force exerted on the slide by the closing spring, and during that period the valve isolates the supply duct from the cylindric sealing surfaces between the slide and the atomizer. The risk of fuel leaking out between those surfaces prior to the intended injection period is thus prevented.
  • the dimensions of the closing spring which determine inter alia its spring rate, are adapted to the travel of the slide from its closed position to its open position, i.e. the position in which it uncovers the atomizer holes, in such a way that the fuel pressure necessary for overcoming the spring force in the closed position, is less than one half, preferably 30 to 35% of the fuel pressure at which the slide uncovers the atomizer holes.
  • the atomizer holes can expand to said relatively low pressure before the valve seat faces come in engagement, leakage of fuel between the mating cylindric sealing surfaces of the slide and the atomizer after the atomizer holes have been covered by the slide, is prevented.
  • the fuel injector illustrated in the drawings comprises an elongate outer housing 1, which at its rear end has an enlarged head 33, by means of which the injector is mounted, as known in the art, in a cylinder cover (not shown) of an internal combustion engine, especially a Diesel-engine, and connected to a fuel pump (not shown).
  • head 33 there is a fuel oil inlet 34 in flow connection with a duct 2 extending through a central thrust tube 3 the front end of which is, under the influence of compression springs (not shown) acting on the external end face of head 33, kept in sealing engagement with the rear end of a thrust member 4.
  • a forwardly oriented shoulder on thrust member 4 abuts against a tubular valve guide 5.
  • Valve guide 5 fits tightly in housing 1 at its rear end and is prevented from rotating in the housing by means of a pin 6 engaging in a longitudinal groove in the forward end of the guide. Between the cylindric mating surfaces of the valve guide and the housing there is provided a sealing ring 7.
  • Atomizer 8 To the front end of valve guide 5 an atomizer 8, the forward end of which protrudes into the combustion chamber of the engine cylinder (not shown), is secured by suitable means, e.g. by electron beam welding or shrinking. Atomizer 8 is closed at its forward end and spaced behind that end it has one or more atomizer holes 9 in its wall.
  • the above mentioned spring force on head 33 keeps, through parts 3, 4, and 5, a forwardly oriented conical face 35 on the atomizer in sealing engagement with a conical internal face on housing 1.
  • a slide generally designated by 10 is axially displaceable internally of valve guide 5 and comprises a middle longitudinal section 11, a cylindric front section 12 protruding with a tight fit into atomizer 8 for controlling the opening and closing of holes 9, and a rearwardly oriented end section 13 having radial clearance in valve guide 5.
  • Slide 10 is biased in forward direction to its closed position as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, in which its front section 12 obturates the atomizer holes 9, by means of a closing spring 14, see Fig. 1, the rear and front ends of which abut against a washer 15 on thrust tube 3 and against a bushing 16, respectively.
  • Bushing 16 is displaceable along the thrust tube and serves to transmit the spring force to a slit thrust bushing 17, the front end face of which abuts against the rear face of slide 10.
  • a slit thrust bushing 17 the front end face of which abuts against the rear face of slide 10.
  • the thrust bushing has been omitted for the sake of clarity. Details of the described structure for transmitting the closing force of spring 14 to slide 10 are shown in British patent specification No. 1,346,501.
  • the fuel supply duct 2 continues in a central duct 18 extending through thrust member 4 to a central duct 19 in a valve member 20 which is axially displaceable with a tight fit within the central section 11 of slide 10.
  • Duct 19 is closed at the forward end of valve member 20 and communicates, through transverse bores 21, with a chamber 22 which internally of slide 10 adjoins the conical forward seat face 36 of the valve member which face is, under the influence of a relatively weak compression spring 23, maintained in engagement with a conical seat face 37 surrounding the opening of a short duct 24 in the slide.
  • Duct 24 is also closed at its bottom and communicates, through transverse bores 25, with a chamber 26 which adjoins a conical seat face 38 located at the transition between sections 11 and 12 of the slide.
  • Said conical seat face 38 defines, together with an opposed conical seat face 39 on valve guide 5, the closed position of slide 10, as shown in Fig. 2, which the slide assumes under the influence of closing spring 14.
  • annular chamber 27 is defined between slide section 12 and the surrounding portions of valve guide 5 and atomizer 8.
  • chamber 27 communicates with a central duct 29 which opens into the front end of slide section 12 and which is closed at its rear end behind bores 28.
  • the fuel pressure which in chamber 22 acts on the forward face of valve member 20, will, at a certain time during the pump cycle, exceed said relatively low pressure whereby member 20 is pressed rearwardly to close bore 30.
  • the fuel can then flow through the passage between faces 36 and 37 and through duct 24 to chamber 26 at the front side of the middle section 11 of slide 10.
  • the slide remains, however, closed until the pressure in chamber 26 has risen to a value at which it can overcome the force exerted by closing spring 14.
  • the fuel has therefore no access to the cylindric sealing faces between the front section 12 of the slide and the atomizer 8.
  • the component parts of the injector are preferably dimensioned such that the slide starts its rearward movement from the closed position shown in Fig. 2, thereby permitting the flow of fuel onwards through the passage between seat faces 38 and 39 to chamber 27 and duct 29, only at a fuel pressure which is about 30 to 35% of the intended injection pressure at which the slide has moved so far backwards that its front end face uncovers the atomizer holes 9, as shown in Fig. 3, whereby the injection of atomized fuel starts.
  • atomizer 8 In order to prevent corrosive and erosive attacks on atomizer holes 9 it is expedient to ⁇ manufacture atomizer 8 of a material which is particularly resistant against those attacks, e.g. a cobalt alloy, and different from the material, normally steel, of which the valve guide is made. Corresponding attacks on the front end of slide section 12 which opens and closes the atomizer holes 9, can be prevented in a similar manner by welding a separate ring 32 of corrosion and erosion resistant material onto the end of the slide, as shown.
  • a cobalt alloy e.g. a cobalt alloy

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
  • Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
EP81304858A 1980-11-20 1981-10-19 A fuel injector for internal combustion engines Withdrawn EP0052937A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DK4958/80 1980-11-20
DK495880A DK495880A (da) 1980-11-20 1980-11-20 Braendselinjektor til forbraendingsmotorer

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0052937A1 true EP0052937A1 (en) 1982-06-02

Family

ID=8138185

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81304858A Withdrawn EP0052937A1 (en) 1980-11-20 1981-10-19 A fuel injector for internal combustion engines

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0052937A1 (xx)
JP (1) JPS57102556A (xx)
BR (1) BR8107535A (xx)
DK (1) DK495880A (xx)
FI (1) FI813417L (xx)
NO (1) NO813857L (xx)
PL (1) PL233808A1 (xx)
YU (1) YU273281A (xx)

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2147950A (en) * 1983-10-15 1985-05-22 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection nozzle for an I.C. engine
EP2239451A1 (en) 2009-03-30 2010-10-13 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
EP2365206A1 (en) 2010-03-05 2011-09-14 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle
EP2390027A1 (en) 2010-05-24 2011-11-30 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A method of manufacturing a nozzle for a fuel injector
EP2405127A1 (en) 2010-07-07 2012-01-11 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
CN103742778A (zh) * 2014-01-09 2014-04-23 四川宁江山川机械有限责任公司 一种注油机注油嘴的改进结构

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS64303U (xx) * 1987-06-19 1989-01-05
DE102009000201B4 (de) 2009-01-14 2018-06-21 Robert Bosch Gmbh Chargiergestell sowie Abschreckvorrichtung mit Chargiergestell

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1051842A (xx) * 1962-08-02 1900-01-01
GB950252A (en) * 1961-02-18 1964-02-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Improvements in fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines
FR2408043A1 (fr) * 1977-11-04 1979-06-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Buse d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB950252A (en) * 1961-02-18 1964-02-26 Bosch Gmbh Robert Improvements in fuel injection valves for internal combustion engines
GB1051842A (xx) * 1962-08-02 1900-01-01
FR2408043A1 (fr) * 1977-11-04 1979-06-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Buse d'injection de carburant pour moteurs a combustion interne
GB1569100A (en) * 1977-11-04 1980-06-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Fuel injection nozzle

Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2147950A (en) * 1983-10-15 1985-05-22 Lucas Ind Plc Fuel injection nozzle for an I.C. engine
EP2239451A1 (en) 2009-03-30 2010-10-13 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
EP2365206A1 (en) 2010-03-05 2011-09-14 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle
EP2365206B1 (en) * 2010-03-05 2014-04-30 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A nozzle for a fuel injector for internal combustion engines, and method of manufacturing a nozzle
EP2390027A1 (en) 2010-05-24 2011-11-30 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A method of manufacturing a nozzle for a fuel injector
EP2405127A1 (en) 2010-07-07 2012-01-11 Wärtsilä Switzerland Ltd. A fuel injector for internal combustion engines
JP2012017732A (ja) * 2010-07-07 2012-01-26 Waertsilae Switzerland Ltd 内燃機関のための燃料噴射機
CN103742778A (zh) * 2014-01-09 2014-04-23 四川宁江山川机械有限责任公司 一种注油机注油嘴的改进结构
CN103742778B (zh) * 2014-01-09 2016-08-24 四川宁江山川机械有限责任公司 一种注油机注油嘴的改进结构

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS57102556A (en) 1982-06-25
YU273281A (en) 1983-10-31
FI813417L (fi) 1982-05-21
NO813857L (no) 1982-05-21
BR8107535A (pt) 1982-08-17
PL233808A1 (xx) 1982-08-02
DK495880A (da) 1982-05-21
JPS5755904B2 (xx) 1982-11-26

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB IT NL SE

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

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18D Application deemed to be withdrawn

Effective date: 19830509

RIN1 Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected)

Inventor name: DUE, SIGMUND WOLLES