EP0048928B1 - Centrifuge - Google Patents

Centrifuge Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048928B1
EP0048928B1 EP81107515A EP81107515A EP0048928B1 EP 0048928 B1 EP0048928 B1 EP 0048928B1 EP 81107515 A EP81107515 A EP 81107515A EP 81107515 A EP81107515 A EP 81107515A EP 0048928 B1 EP0048928 B1 EP 0048928B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
rotor
centrifuge
rolling
profile
centrifuging
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Expired
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EP81107515A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0048928A2 (en
EP0048928A3 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Stöwer
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Compur Electronic GmbH
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Compur Electronic GmbH
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Priority to AT81107515T priority Critical patent/ATE16985T1/en
Publication of EP0048928A2 publication Critical patent/EP0048928A2/en
Publication of EP0048928A3 publication Critical patent/EP0048928A3/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
    • B04B—CENTRIFUGES
    • B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
    • B04B5/04—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers
    • B04B5/0407—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles
    • B04B5/0414—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles comprising test tubes
    • B04B5/0421—Radial chamber apparatus for separating predominantly liquid mixtures, e.g. butyrometers for liquids contained in receptacles comprising test tubes pivotably mounted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a swivel cup centrifuge, in particular for centrifuging blood, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the rotor In a known centrifuge in the field of medical technology, the rotor was designed such that the containers for holding the substance to be centrifuged, for example the blood, are rigidly attached at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the axis of rotation. Depending on the speed of the centrifuge, the surface of the substance to be centrifuged, for example the surface of the blood contained in the centrifuging vessel, takes up different angles to the axis of rotation. When the centrifuge is switched off, a flow process can take place in the upper, liquid part of the blood, namely in the blood plasma, which causes the plasma to mix again with the blood cake in the region of the transition.
  • Centrifuges (DE-A-2 109 764) are also known in which containers are rotatably mounted on a rotor, into which the vessel filled with the substance to be centrifuged is inserted. When the rotor is rotating, the containers swivel from a position parallel to the axis of rotation into a position perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Such a rotor can require a considerably higher design effort.
  • Several individual parts, such as axles, slide or ball bearings, etc. are required for a centrifuge with a swiveling container for the centrifuging vessels, so that in addition to high production costs, the maintenance effort and the susceptibility to malfunctions can be high.
  • the known centrifuge In addition to the vessels with the substance to be centrifuged, the swiveling containers surrounding these vessels, and thus a relatively large mass, must also be rotated during the centrifugation process. Therefore, the known centrifuge must be designed to be very stable in order to be able to withstand the centrifugal forces occurring due to the relatively high mass.
  • Generic swivel cup centrifuges (FR-A-2 121 624 and FR-A-1 259 932) are known in which the rotor has a groove which is bent upwards by approximately 90 degrees, in which a centrifuging vessel when the rotor rotates from its rest position in its horizontal centrifugation position slides.
  • a centrifuging vessel when the rotor rotates from its rest position in its horizontal centrifugation position slides.
  • frictional forces occur between the sliding surfaces, which have to be overcome by the centrifugal force.
  • the sliding surfaces on the rotor and the centrifuge tube must be machined very cleanly so that a smooth and smooth sliding movement is possible.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge in which the centrifuging vessel has no frictional forces to overcome during its movement and returns safely to the starting position.
  • the rotor can be manufactured with a very small mass and small dimensions, as a result of which the load on the rotor bearing is low and one can manage with a low motor output.
  • the rolling profile of the rotor can advantageously be designed as a profile surface or as a profile edge.
  • the vessel can have a profile surface and the rotor can have a profile edge or vice versa.
  • the rolling profile of the rotor must be adapted to the rolling vessel depending on the circumstances, in such a way that it is easy to roll and thus pivot the vessel with respect to the plane of rotation.
  • the rolling profile of the rotor is designed as a profile edge.
  • the centrifuging vessel advantageously has a flange as a rolling profile. During the swiveling movement, this flange rolls on the rolling profile of the rotor. Since there are usually many vessels that are used with a centrifuge, it is therefore more economical to attach the rolling profile to the rotor and to provide the flange of the vessel with a flat surface that rolls on the rolling profile of the rotor during the pivoting movement. The manufacture of the vessels is therefore extremely simple.
  • the flange is advantageously formed in one piece with the centrifuging vessel.
  • it is also possible to place a flange on the vessel for the centrifugation process so that normal glasses used in the laboratory, for example test tubes, can be used to centrifuge substances with the centrifuge according to the invention. Round, square or angular vessels can be used.
  • At least one opening is provided in the rotor for receiving the centrifuging vessel and the opening has the rolling profiles on the sides running transversely to the direction of rotation.
  • the rotor has an annular area with a rotationally symmetrical shape corresponding to the rolling profile, and that several openings are provided in this annular area for receiving the centrifuging vessels.
  • openings 2 are provided in a rotor which can be rotated about a rotation axis 5 and in which centrifuging vessels 4 are used.
  • a ring region 7 in which the openings 2 are also located, the rotor has a rotationally symmetrical shape corresponding to the rolling profile.
  • the openings 2 are arranged diametrically opposite each other in the rotor in order to ensure a uniform, rotationally symmetrical load on the bearings of the rotor.
  • Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the section line I-I shown in Figure 1.
  • FIG. 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, that part of the rotor 1 in FIG. 1 to the right of the axis of rotation 5 with the centrifuging vessel 4 inserted in three different positions A, B and C. If the rotor is not rotating, the centrifuging vessel 4 is in position A. , wherein an outer surface area of the centrifuging vessel 4 abuts a surface 6 of the rotor 1. It should be pointed out that the centrifuging vessel 4 can also be held vertically downwards when the rotor is not rotating. The rest position with an angle to the axis of rotation according to FIG. 3 is only due to special design requirements in the present exemplary embodiment.
  • centrifuging vessel 4 On the top of the centrifuging vessel 4 there is a flange 32 with a rolling surface 31 protruding from the outer wall.
  • the centrifuging vessel 4 moves from position A to position B due to the pivoting movement caused by the centrifuging force, in which the centrifuging vessel 4 is aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5 and can rest against a stop 12 of the rotor 1.
  • a vessel cover 33 with a film hinge 34 can be attached over the flange 32.
  • the rolling profile 11 of the rotor 1 has a rolling part 13 that runs vertically or is arranged at a slight angle to the axis of rotation 5, which passes over a swivel area 14 into a rolling part 15, which in the present exemplary embodiment lies at an acute angle to the normal to the axis of rotation 5. It should be pointed out again that this rolling part 15 can also be formed perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5, so that the centrifuging vessel 4 is parallel to the axis of rotation 5 in the rest position.
  • the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 then rolls in the reverse order from the vertical rolling part 13 via the pivoting region 14 (position B of the centrifuging vessel 4) onto the essentially horizontal rolling part 15, so that the centrifuging vessel 4 comes to rest in the original starting position A.
  • the rolling profile can be shaped accordingly depending on the circumstances and in adaptation to the centrifuging vessel 4 used.
  • the shape of the rolling profile is selected accordingly for the respective case.
  • the centrifuging vessel 4 can then be easily removed from the opening 2 in the rotor 1 and its contents are available for further use.
  • the pivoting process takes place in a very simple manner, namely only by rolling off the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 on the rolling profile 11. No moving or additional parts are required for the pivoting process, so that the construction and maintenance costs are reduced the centrifuge according to the invention is extremely small.
  • the rotor 1 in the inventive Centrifuge are made with a very low mass, which means that the load on the rotor bearing is low and you can get by with a low motor power.
  • the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 does not have to be flat, but can be designed in a different rolling form.

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Abstract

A centrifuge with swinging sample vessels has a rotor with curved rolling support faces on which the sample vessels may be rolled as they are moved into and out of a horizontal position by centrifugal force on centrifuging. Because of the use of a system with rolling structures for swinging of the vessels, a design of centrifuge is produced which is simple in structure, needs little upkeep and whose rotor is low in weight and does not have any cup supports or the like for supporting the sample vessels.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Schwenkbecher- Zentrifuge, insbesondere zum Zentrifugieren von Blut, gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a swivel cup centrifuge, in particular for centrifuging blood, according to the preamble of claim 1.

Bei einer bekannten Zentrifuge auf dem Gebiet der Medizintechnik war der Rotor so ausgebildet, dass die Behälter zur Aufnahme der zu zentrifugierenden Substanz, beispielsweise des Blutes in einem Winkel von etwa 45 Grad zur Rotationsachse starr angebracht sind. Die Oberfläche der zu zentrifugierenden Substanz, beispielsweise die Oberfläche des im Zentrifugiergefäss enthaltenen Blutes, nimmt je nach der Drehzahl der Zentrifuge unterschiedliche Winkel zur Rotationsachse ein. Beim Abschalten der Zentrifuge kann im oberen, flüssigen Teil des Blutes, nämlich im Blutplasma, dadurch ein Strömungsvorgang erfolgen, der bewirkt, dass sich das Plasma im Bereich des Übergangs zum Blutkuchen wieder mit diesem vermischt.In a known centrifuge in the field of medical technology, the rotor was designed such that the containers for holding the substance to be centrifuged, for example the blood, are rigidly attached at an angle of approximately 45 degrees to the axis of rotation. Depending on the speed of the centrifuge, the surface of the substance to be centrifuged, for example the surface of the blood contained in the centrifuging vessel, takes up different angles to the axis of rotation. When the centrifuge is switched off, a flow process can take place in the upper, liquid part of the blood, namely in the blood plasma, which causes the plasma to mix again with the blood cake in the region of the transition.

Es sind auch Zentrifugen (DE-A-2 109 764) bekannt, bei denen an einem Rotor Behälter drehbar gelagert sind, in die das mit der zu zentrifugierenden Substanz gefüllte Gefäss eingesetzt wird. Bei sich drehendem Rotor schwenken die Behälter aus einer zur Drehachse parallelen Lage in eine zur Drehachse senkrechten Lage. Ein solcher Rotor kann einen erheblich höheren konstruktiven Aufwand erfordern. Es sind mehrere Einzelteile, wie Achsen, Gleit- oder Kugellager usw. für eine Zentrifuge mit schwenkbarem Behälter für die Zentrifugiergefässe erforderlich, so dass neben hohen Herstellungskosten auch der Wartungsaufwand und die Anfälligkeit gegen Störungen gross sein kann. Darüber hinaus müssen beim Zentrifugiervorgang neben den Gefässen mit der zu zentrifugierenden Substanz auch die diese Gefässe umschliessenden, schwenkbaren Behälter, und damit eine relativ grosse Masse in Rotation versetzt werden. Daher muss die bekannte Zentrifuge sehr stabil konstruiert sein, um die aufgrund der relativ hohen Masse auftretenden Zentrifugalkräfte aushalten zu können.Centrifuges (DE-A-2 109 764) are also known in which containers are rotatably mounted on a rotor, into which the vessel filled with the substance to be centrifuged is inserted. When the rotor is rotating, the containers swivel from a position parallel to the axis of rotation into a position perpendicular to the axis of rotation. Such a rotor can require a considerably higher design effort. Several individual parts, such as axles, slide or ball bearings, etc. are required for a centrifuge with a swiveling container for the centrifuging vessels, so that in addition to high production costs, the maintenance effort and the susceptibility to malfunctions can be high. In addition to the vessels with the substance to be centrifuged, the swiveling containers surrounding these vessels, and thus a relatively large mass, must also be rotated during the centrifugation process. Therefore, the known centrifuge must be designed to be very stable in order to be able to withstand the centrifugal forces occurring due to the relatively high mass.

Es sind gattungsgemässe Schwenkbecherzentrifugen (FR-A-2 121 624 und FR-A-1 259 932) bekannt, bei denen der Rotor eine um etwa 90 Grad nach oben abgebogene Hohlkehle aufweist, in der ein Zentrifugiergefäss bei Drehung des Rotors aus seiner Ruhelage in seine horizontale Zentrifugierlage gleitet. Beim Gleiten der Zentrifugiergefässe in der Hohlkehle treten jedoch Reibungskräfte zwischen den Gleitflächen auf, die durch die Zentrifugalkraft überwunden werden müssen. Darüber hinaus müssen die Gleitflächen am Rotor und am Zentrifugengefäss sehr sauber bearbeitet sein, damit eine einwandfreie und gleichmässige Gleitbewegung ermöglicht wird. Dazu ist es auch erforderlich, dass die Toleranzen für die Abmessungen der Hohlkehle insbesondere im Querbereich über den gesamten Längsbereich der Hohlkehle hinweg gering sind, um ein Verkanten und Verhaken des Zentrifugiergefässes zu vermeiden. Bei Untersuchungen mit einer solchen Zentrifuge, die die Anmelderin durchgeführt hat, hat sich nämlich herausgestellt, dass bei einer solchen Zentrifugenart Schwierigkeiten beim Zurückgleiten des Zentrifugengefässes in die Ausgangslage auftreten können, dafür dieses Zurückgleiten keine Zentrifugalkräfte, sondern nur die Schwerkraft verantwortlich sind bzw. ist. Die Zentrifugiergefässe können vor der Endlage in dieser Hohlkehle steckenbleiben, so dass ein einwandfreies Zentrifugierergebnis mit der bekannten Zentrifuge unter Umständen nicht möglich ist.Generic swivel cup centrifuges (FR-A-2 121 624 and FR-A-1 259 932) are known in which the rotor has a groove which is bent upwards by approximately 90 degrees, in which a centrifuging vessel when the rotor rotates from its rest position in its horizontal centrifugation position slides. When the centrifuging vessels slide in the fillet, however, frictional forces occur between the sliding surfaces, which have to be overcome by the centrifugal force. In addition, the sliding surfaces on the rotor and the centrifuge tube must be machined very cleanly so that a smooth and smooth sliding movement is possible. For this purpose, it is also necessary that the tolerances for the dimensions of the fillet are small, in particular in the transverse region over the entire longitudinal region of the fillet, in order to avoid canting and jamming of the centrifuging vessel. In investigations with such a centrifuge, which the applicant has carried out, it has been found that with such a type of centrifuge, difficulties can arise when the centrifuge vessel slides back into the starting position, for this sliding back no centrifugal forces, but only gravity is or is responsible. The centrifuging vessels can get stuck in this groove before the end position, so that a perfect centrifuging result may not be possible with the known centrifuge.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Zentrifuge zu schaffen, bei der das Zentrifugiergefäss bei seiner Bewegung keine Reibungskräfte zu überwinden hat und sicher in die Ausgangslage zurückkehrt.The present invention has for its object to provide a centrifuge in which the centrifuging vessel has no frictional forces to overcome during its movement and returns safely to the starting position.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die im kennzeichnenden Teil des Anspruchs 1 angegebenen Merkmale gelöst.This object is achieved by the features specified in the characterizing part of claim 1.

Aufgrund dieser Merkmale wird eine Gleitbewegung zwischen dem Rotor und dem Zentrifugiergefäss vermieden. Man ist von Reibungskräften unabhängig. Für die Auslenkung des Zentrifugiergefässes kommt es nicht auf die Überwindung der Reibungskräfte an, so dass ein Auslenken bereits bei geringer Zentrifugalkraft möglich ist. Die Zentrifuge selbst kann in ihren Abmessungen kleingehalten werden. Es erfolgt lediglich eine Abroll- bzw. Kippbewegung des Zentrifugengefässes. Das Zentrifugengefäss kehrt dabei sicher und zuverlässig in die Ausgangslage zurück, wenn die Zentrifuge abgeschaltet wird.Due to these features, a sliding movement between the rotor and the centrifuging vessel is avoided. You are independent of frictional forces. The deflection of the centrifuging vessel does not depend on overcoming the frictional forces, so that deflection is possible even with a low centrifugal force. The dimensions of the centrifuge itself can be kept small. There is only a rolling or tilting movement of the centrifuge vessel. The centrifuge tube returns safely and reliably to the starting position when the centrifuge is switched off.

Für den Schwenkvorgang sind keinerlei bewegliche oder zusätzliche Teile erforderlich, so dass der Konstruktions- und Wartungsaufwand bei der erfindungsgemässen Schwenkbecherzentrifuge denkbar gering ist. Darüber hinaus kann der Rotor mit einer sehr geringen Masse und kleinen Abmessungen hergestellt werden, wodurch die Belastung der Rotorlagerung gering ist und man mit einer geringen Motorleistung auskommt.No moving or additional parts are required for the swiveling process, so that the construction and maintenance effort for the swivel cup centrifuge according to the invention is extremely low. In addition, the rotor can be manufactured with a very small mass and small dimensions, as a result of which the load on the rotor bearing is low and one can manage with a low motor output.

Das Abrollprofil des Rotors kann vorteilhaft als Profilfläche oder auch als Profilkante ausgebildet sein. Dabei kann das Gefäss eine Profilfläche und der Rotor eine Profilkante aufweisen oder umgekehrt.The rolling profile of the rotor can advantageously be designed as a profile surface or as a profile edge. The vessel can have a profile surface and the rotor can have a profile edge or vice versa.

Das Abrollprofil des Rotors muss je nach den Gegebenheiten an das abrollende Gefäss angepasst sein, derart, dass ein leichtes Abrollen und damit Schwenken des Gefässes bezüglich der Rotationsebene möglich ist.The rolling profile of the rotor must be adapted to the rolling vessel depending on the circumstances, in such a way that it is easy to roll and thus pivot the vessel with respect to the plane of rotation.

Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist das Abrollprofil des Rotors als Profilkante ausgebildet. Vorteilhaft weist das Zentrifugiergefäss als Abrollprofil einen Flansch auf. Bei der Schwenkbewegung rollt dieser Flansch auf dem Abrollprofil des Rotors ab. Da normalerweise viele Gefässe vorhanden sind, die mit einer Zentrifuge verwendet werden, ist es daher wirtschaftlicher, das Abrollprofil am Rotor anzubringen, und den Flansch des Gefässes mit einer ebenen Fläche zu versehen, die bei der Schwenkbewegung auf dem Abrollprofil des Rotors abrollt. Die Herstellung der Gefässe ist daher denkbar einfach.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the rolling profile of the rotor is designed as a profile edge. The centrifuging vessel advantageously has a flange as a rolling profile. During the swiveling movement, this flange rolls on the rolling profile of the rotor. Since there are usually many vessels that are used with a centrifuge, it is therefore more economical to attach the rolling profile to the rotor and to provide the flange of the vessel with a flat surface that rolls on the rolling profile of the rotor during the pivoting movement. The manufacture of the vessels is therefore extremely simple.

Vorteilhafterweise ist der Flansch mit dem Zentrifugiergefäss einstückig ausgebildet. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, auf das Gefäss einen Flansch für den Zentrifugiervorgang aufzusetzen, so dass normale, im Labor verwendete Gläser, beispielsweise Reagenzgläser zum Zentrifugieren von Substanzen mit der erfindungsgemässen Zentrifuge verwendet werden können. Es können sowohl runde als auch eckige oder quadratische Gefässe verwendet werden.The flange is advantageously formed in one piece with the centrifuging vessel. However, it is also possible to place a flange on the vessel for the centrifugation process, so that normal glasses used in the laboratory, for example test tubes, can be used to centrifuge substances with the centrifuge according to the invention. Round, square or angular vessels can be used.

Gemäss einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist im Rotor mindestens ein Durchbruch zur Aufnahme des Zentrifugiergefässes vorgesehen und der Durchbruch weist an der quer zur Rotationsrichtung verlaufenden Seiten die Abrollprofile auf.According to a preferred embodiment, at least one opening is provided in the rotor for receiving the centrifuging vessel and the opening has the rolling profiles on the sides running transversely to the direction of rotation.

Für die Fertigung des Rotors ist es besonders vorteilhaft, dass der Rotor einen Ringbereich mit einer dem Abrollprofil entsprechenden rotationssymmetrischen Form aufweist und dass in diesem Ringbereich mehrere Durchbrüche zur Aufnahme der Zentrifugiergefässe vorgesehen sind.For the manufacture of the rotor, it is particularly advantageous that the rotor has an annular area with a rotationally symmetrical shape corresponding to the rolling profile, and that several openings are provided in this annular area for receiving the centrifuging vessels.

Die Erfindung wird nachstehend anhand der Zeichnungen beispielsweise näher erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 Einen Rotor der erfindungsgemässen Zentrifuge in Aufsicht, ohne eingesetztes Zentrifugiergefäss,
  • Fig. 2 den in Figur 1 dargestellten Rotor im Querschnitt und
  • Fig. eine teilweise Darstellung des Zentrifugenrotors in Querschnitt, mit dem eingesetzten Zentrifugiergefäss in verschiedenen Schwenklagen.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings, for example. Show it:
  • 1 a rotor of the centrifuge according to the invention in supervision, without a centrifuging vessel inserted,
  • Fig. 2 shows the rotor shown in Figure 1 in cross section and
  • Fig. A partial representation of the centrifuge rotor in cross section, with the centrifuging vessel used in different pivot positions.

Wie Figuren 1 und 2 zeigen, sind in einem um eine Rotationsachse 5 drehbaren Rotor Durchbrüche 2 vorgesehen, in denen Zentrifugiergefässe 4 eingesetzt werden. In einem Ringbereich 7 (vgl. Figur 1), in dem sich auch die Durchbrüche 2 befinden, weist der Rotor eine dem Abrollprofil entsprechende rotationssymmetrische Form auf. Die Durchbrüche 2 sind im Rotor einander jeweils diametral entgegengesetzt angeordnet, um eine gleichmässige, rotationssymmetrische Belastung der Lager des Rotors zu gewährleisten.As FIGS. 1 and 2 show, openings 2 are provided in a rotor which can be rotated about a rotation axis 5 and in which centrifuging vessels 4 are used. In a ring region 7 (see FIG. 1), in which the openings 2 are also located, the rotor has a rotationally symmetrical shape corresponding to the rolling profile. The openings 2 are arranged diametrically opposite each other in the rotor in order to ensure a uniform, rotationally symmetrical load on the bearings of the rotor.

Figur 2 ist eine Schnittdarstellung entlang der in Figur 1 eingezeichneten Schnittlinie I-I.Figure 2 is a sectional view taken along the section line I-I shown in Figure 1.

Figur 3 zeigt in vergrössertem Massstab den in Figur 1 rechts von der Rotationsachse 5 liegenden Teil des Rotors 1 mit eingesetztem Zentrifugiergefäss 4 in drei verschiedenen Stellungen A, B und C. Wenn sich der Rotor nicht dreht, befindet sich das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 in der Lage A, wobei ein Aussenflächenbereich des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 an einer Fläche 6 des Rotors 1 anliegt. Es sei darauf hingewiesen, dass das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 auch ganz senkrecht nach unten gehalten sein kann, wenn sich der Rotor nicht dreht. Die Ruhelage mit einem Winkel zur Rotationsachse gemäss Figur 3 ist lediglich durch spezielle konstruktive Erfordernisse bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel bedingt.FIG. 3 shows, on an enlarged scale, that part of the rotor 1 in FIG. 1 to the right of the axis of rotation 5 with the centrifuging vessel 4 inserted in three different positions A, B and C. If the rotor is not rotating, the centrifuging vessel 4 is in position A. , wherein an outer surface area of the centrifuging vessel 4 abuts a surface 6 of the rotor 1. It should be pointed out that the centrifuging vessel 4 can also be held vertically downwards when the rotor is not rotating. The rest position with an angle to the axis of rotation according to FIG. 3 is only due to special design requirements in the present exemplary embodiment.

An der Oberseite des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 befindet sich ein von der Aussenwand abstehender Flansch 32 mit einer Abrollfläche 31. Wenn sich der Rotor dreht, gelangt das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 aufgrund der durch die Zentrifugierkraft verursachte Schwenkbewegung von der Lage A über die Lage B in die Lage C, in der das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 senkrecht zur Rotationsachse 5 ausgerichtet ist und an einem Anschlag 12 des Rotors 1 anliegen kann. Über dem Flansch 32 kann ein Gefässdeckei 33 mit einem Filmscharnier 34 angebracht sein.On the top of the centrifuging vessel 4 there is a flange 32 with a rolling surface 31 protruding from the outer wall. When the rotor rotates, the centrifuging vessel 4 moves from position A to position B due to the pivoting movement caused by the centrifuging force, in which the centrifuging vessel 4 is aligned perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5 and can rest against a stop 12 of the rotor 1. A vessel cover 33 with a film hinge 34 can be attached over the flange 32.

Das Abrollprofil 11 des Rotors 1 weist einen senkrecht verlaufenden oder in einem geringen Winkel zu Rotationsachse 5 angeordneten Abrollteil 13 auf, der über einen Schwenkbereich 14 in einen Abrollteil 15 übergeht, der bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel in einem spitzen Winkel zur Normalen der Rotationsachse 5 liegt. Es sei nochmals darauf hingewiesen, dass dieser Abrollteil 15 auch senkrecht zur Rotationsachse 5 ausgebildet sein kann, so dass das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 in Ruhestellung parallel zur Rotationsachse 5 liegt.The rolling profile 11 of the rotor 1 has a rolling part 13 that runs vertically or is arranged at a slight angle to the axis of rotation 5, which passes over a swivel area 14 into a rolling part 15, which in the present exemplary embodiment lies at an acute angle to the normal to the axis of rotation 5. It should be pointed out again that this rolling part 15 can also be formed perpendicular to the axis of rotation 5, so that the centrifuging vessel 4 is parallel to the axis of rotation 5 in the rest position.

Im Ruhezustand, d.h. wenn sich der Rotor 1 nicht dreht, liegt ein Teil der Abrollfläche 31 des Flansches 32 des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 am im wesentlichen waagrechten Abrollteil 15 an. Wenn sich der Rotor zu drehen beginnt, rollt die Abrollfläche 31 des Flansches 32 des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 auf dem Abrollprofil 11 ab, indem die Abrollfläche 31 des Flansches 32 des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 über den Schwenkbereich 14 (vgl. die Lage B des Zentrifugiergefässes 4) auf den im wesentlichen senkrechten Abrollteil 13 des Abrollprofils 11 abrollt. Dabei nimmt dann das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 die waagrechte Lage C ein. In dieser Lage ergibt sich dann ein optimaler Zentrifugiervorgang, da die Zentrifugalkraft für den Zentrifugiervorgang optimal ausgenützt wird.At rest, i.e. if the rotor 1 is not rotating, a part of the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 lies against the substantially horizontal rolling part 15. When the rotor begins to rotate, the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 rolls on the rolling profile 11 by the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 over the swivel range 14 (see position B of the centrifuging vessel 4) rolls essentially vertical roll part 13 of the roll profile 11. The centrifuging vessel 4 then occupies the horizontal position C. An optimal centrifugation process then results in this position, since the centrifugal force is optimally used for the centrifugation process.

Beim Ausschalten des Rotormotors bzw. beim Abbremsen der Rotordrehung rollt dann die Abrollfläche 31 des Flansches 32 des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 in umgekehrter Reihenfolge vom senkrechten Abrollteil 13 über den Schwenkbereich 14 (Lage B des Zentrifugiergefässes 4) auf das im wesentlichen waagrechte Abrollteil 15 ab, so dass das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 wieder in der ursprünglichen Ausgangslage A zur Ruhe kommt.When the rotor motor is switched off or when the rotor rotation is braked, the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 then rolls in the reverse order from the vertical rolling part 13 via the pivoting region 14 (position B of the centrifuging vessel 4) onto the essentially horizontal rolling part 15, so that the centrifuging vessel 4 comes to rest in the original starting position A.

Das Abrollprofil kann je nach den Gegebenheiten und in Anpassung auf das verwendete Zentrifugiergefäss 4 entsprechend geformt sein. Die Form des Abrollprofils wird dementsprechend für den jeweiligen Fall gewählt.The rolling profile can be shaped accordingly depending on the circumstances and in adaptation to the centrifuging vessel 4 used. The shape of the rolling profile is selected accordingly for the respective case.

Am Ende des Zentrifugiervorgangs kann dann das Zentrifugiergefäss 4 in einfacher Weise aus dem Durchbruch 2 im Rotor 1 herausgenommen werden und steht mit seinem Inhalt für eine weitere Verwendung zur Verfügung.At the end of the centrifuging process, the centrifuging vessel 4 can then be easily removed from the opening 2 in the rotor 1 and its contents are available for further use.

Bei der erfindungsgemässen Zentrifuge erfolgt der Schwenkvorgang in denkbar einfacher Weise, nämlich lediglich durch ein Abrollen der Abrollfläche 31 des Flansches 32 des Zentrifugiergefässes 4 auf dem Abrollprofil 11. Für den Schwenkvorgang sind keinerlei bewegliche oder zusätzliche Teile erforderlich, so dass der Konstruktions- und Wartungsaufwand bei der erfindungsgemässen Zentrifuge denkbar gering ist. Darüberhinaus kann der Rotor 1 bei der erfindungsgemässen Zentrifuge mit einer sehr geringen Masse hergestellt werden, wodurch die Belastung der Rotorlagerung gering ist und man mit einer geringen Motorleistung auskommt.In the centrifuge according to the invention, the pivoting process takes place in a very simple manner, namely only by rolling off the rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 of the centrifuging vessel 4 on the rolling profile 11. No moving or additional parts are required for the pivoting process, so that the construction and maintenance costs are reduced the centrifuge according to the invention is extremely small. In addition, the rotor 1 in the inventive Centrifuge are made with a very low mass, which means that the load on the rotor bearing is low and you can get by with a low motor power.

Die Abrollfläche 31 des Flansches 32 muss nicht eben sein, sondern kann in einer anderen Abrollform ausgeführt werden.The rolling surface 31 of the flange 32 does not have to be flat, but can be designed in a different rolling form.

Claims (9)

1. A swinging bucket centrifuge, in particular for centrifuging blood, having a rotor and at least one centrifugal container for containing the substance to the centrifuged, wherein the rotor has a profile which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation and on which the centrifugal container moves, characterised in that the rotor (1) has a rolling profile (11) and the centrifugal container (4) has a further rolling element which rolls along the rolling profile (11) of the rotor during the rolling movement.
2. A centrifuge as in Claim 1, characterised in that the rolling profile (11) of the rotor (1) is formed as a profiled surface.
3. A centrifuge as in Claim 1, characterised in that the rolling profile (11) of the rotor (1) is formed as a profiled edge.
4. A centrifuge as in one of Claims 1 to 3, characterised in that the centrifugal container (4) has a rolling profile in the form of a flange (32).
5. A centrifuge as claimed in Claim 4, characterised in that the flange (32) of the centrifugal container (4) has a plane surface (31).
6. A centrifuge as in Claim 4 or 5, characterised in that the flange (32) is formed in one piece with the centrifugal container (4).
7. A centrifuge as in one of Claims 1 to 6, characterised in that a rolling profile adapted to the rolling profile (11) of the rotor (1) is attachable to the centrifugal container (4).
8. A centrifuge as in one of Claims 1 to 7, characterised in that at least one opening (2) is provided in the rotor (1) to hold the centrifugal container (4), and that the sides of the opening (2) running transversely to the direction of rotation have the rolling profile (11).
9. A centrifuge as claimed in one of Claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the rotor (1) has an annular area (7) having an axially symmetrical shape corresponding to the rolling profile (11), and that a plurality of openings (2) are provided in this annular area (7) to hold the centrifugal containers (4).
EP81107515A 1980-09-27 1981-09-22 Centrifuge Expired EP0048928B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81107515T ATE16985T1 (en) 1980-09-27 1981-09-22 CENTRIFUGE.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3036538A DE3036538C2 (en) 1980-09-27 1980-09-27 Swivel bucket centrifuge
DE3036538 1980-09-27

Publications (3)

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EP0048928A2 EP0048928A2 (en) 1982-04-07
EP0048928A3 EP0048928A3 (en) 1983-08-03
EP0048928B1 true EP0048928B1 (en) 1985-12-18

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EP81107515A Expired EP0048928B1 (en) 1980-09-27 1981-09-22 Centrifuge

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US (1) US4435167A (en)
EP (1) EP0048928B1 (en)
JP (1) JPS5787859A (en)
AT (1) ATE16985T1 (en)
DE (2) DE3036538C2 (en)
ES (1) ES505641A0 (en)

Families Citing this family (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4585433A (en) * 1984-10-01 1986-04-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Sample container for a top loading swinging bucket centrifuge rotor
US4585434A (en) * 1984-10-01 1986-04-29 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Top loading swinging bucket centrifuge rotor having knife edge pivots
DE3574681D1 (en) * 1984-10-01 1990-01-18 Du Pont TOPLADER - CENTRIFUGAL ROTOR WITH SWIVEL BOWLS AND WITH CUTTING BEARINGS.
NL8503149A (en) * 1985-11-15 1987-06-01 Ultra Centrifuge Nederland Nv CENTRIFUGE, ESPECIALLY FOR BIOMEDICAL APPLICATIONS.
US4718885A (en) * 1986-12-18 1988-01-12 E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company Swinging bucket centrifuge rotor having an uninterrupted knife edge pivot
IT1286631B1 (en) * 1996-05-16 1998-07-15 Diesse Diagnostica EQUIPMENT FOR THE PREPARATION AND DETERMINATION OF THE TESTS OF THE SPEED OF SEDIMENTATION OF ORGANIC LIQUIDS AND MORE
WO2008043463A1 (en) * 2006-10-10 2008-04-17 Hte Ag The High Throughput Experimentation Company Device and method for producing substance formulations - formulation station
EP2593232B1 (en) * 2010-07-14 2019-03-06 Chromoplas Pty Ltd Multi vessel ring
DE102011007779A1 (en) 2011-04-20 2012-10-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Mixing chamber, cartridge and method for mixing a first and second component

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1259932A (en) * 1959-11-20 1961-04-28 Beckman Instruments Inc Improvements to centrifuges
DE1968851U (en) * 1966-06-29 1967-09-21 N Gerber G M B H Dr SPIN INSERT FOR LABORATORY CENTRIFUGES.
US3687359A (en) * 1971-01-07 1972-08-29 Damon Corp Centrifuge rotor
DE2109764A1 (en) * 1971-03-02 1972-09-07 Storz, Martin, 7200 Tuttlingen Swing head centrifuge - for swingable sample cups

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0048928A2 (en) 1982-04-07
DE3173265D1 (en) 1986-01-30
ES8206219A1 (en) 1982-08-16
DE3036538C2 (en) 1983-07-14
ATE16985T1 (en) 1986-01-15
DE3036538A1 (en) 1982-05-13
US4435167A (en) 1984-03-06
ES505641A0 (en) 1982-08-16
EP0048928A3 (en) 1983-08-03
JPS5787859A (en) 1982-06-01

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