EP0048631B1 - Den Viskositätsindex verbessernde Additivzusammensetzung - Google Patents

Den Viskositätsindex verbessernde Additivzusammensetzung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0048631B1
EP0048631B1 EP81304395A EP81304395A EP0048631B1 EP 0048631 B1 EP0048631 B1 EP 0048631B1 EP 81304395 A EP81304395 A EP 81304395A EP 81304395 A EP81304395 A EP 81304395A EP 0048631 B1 EP0048631 B1 EP 0048631B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
lubricating oil
composition
ester
hydrogenated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81304395A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0048631A1 (de
Inventor
David Brankling
John Crawford
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Orobis Ltd
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Orobis Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to AT81304395T priority Critical patent/ATE14451T1/de
Publication of EP0048631A1 publication Critical patent/EP0048631A1/de
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Publication of EP0048631B1 publication Critical patent/EP0048631B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M167/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being a mixture of a macromolecular compound, a non-macromolecular compound and a compound of unknown or incompletely defined constitution, each of these compounds being essential
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/102—Aliphatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/104—Aromatic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/106—Naphthenic fractions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2203/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds and hydrocarbon fractions as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2203/10—Petroleum or coal fractions, e.g. tars, solvents, bitumen
    • C10M2203/108—Residual fractions, e.g. bright stocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/026—Butene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/06—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing conjugated dienes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/281—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic monocarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/282—Esters of (cyclo)aliphatic oolycarboxylic acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/283—Esters of polyhydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/286—Esters of polymerised unsaturated acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/288—Partial esters containing free carboxyl groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/287—Partial esters
    • C10M2207/289—Partial esters containing free hydroxy groups
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/28—Esters
    • C10M2207/34—Esters having a hydrocarbon substituent of thirty or more carbon atoms, e.g. substituted succinic acid derivatives

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a viscosity index improver additive composition and to a finished lubricating oil containing the additive composition.
  • Lubricating oils are normally classified in terms of their viscosity at some standard temperature but equally important is a property known as the viscosity index, which is an empirical number giving a measure of the extent to which the viscosity of an oil decreases as the temperature is raised.
  • An oil which satisfies viscosity requirements at both extremes of the temperature range to which it may be subjected is said to have a high "viscosity index”. This property can be controlled to some extent by refining, but in recent years the trend has been towards 'multi-grade' oils, of extremely high viscosity index, in which certain polymer compounds which function as viscosity index improvers are added.
  • any potential lubricating oil additives In addition to the properties of improving viscosity index and of being stable under conditions of high shear, it is necessary for any potential lubricating oil additives to have two other important properties, namely compatibility with the lubricating oil and the stability under conditions of oxidation which might reasonably be expected to be encountered under conditions of storage and use of such compositions.
  • 3994815 Cold-by-Eckert
  • 3668125 Anderson
  • 3763044 Anderson
  • these polymers are composed of essentially pure blocks of the individual polymers and are prepared by anionic polymerisation techniques, followed in most cases by hydrogenation.
  • the present invention provides a viscosity index improver additive composition which composition comprises from 1 to 25% by weight of a hydrogenated alkenylarene/conjugated diene interpolymer having a number average molecular weight greater than 20,000, from 30 to 72% by weight of a synthetic ester lubricating oil comprising an alkyl ester of a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid and from 15 to 50% by weight of a non-synthetic mineral lubricating oil, all percentages by weight being expressed in terms of the total weight of the composition.
  • the alkenylarene may be a vinyl mono-, di- or polyaromatic compound such as styrene or vinyl naphthalene, preferably styrene, alkylated styrene or halogen- substituted styrene, and the conjugated diene may be butadiene or isoprene.
  • the interpolymer may be a random, block, or star-shaped copolymer. All these terms are well-known in the art and include such polymers as are described in the aforesaid patent specifications which are herein incorporated by reference.
  • Suitable methods of hydrogenation are described for example in US Patent Nos. 3113986, 3205278 and 2864809.
  • the object of hydrogenation is to saturate the olefinic double bonds in preference to the aromatic nucleus double bonds.
  • the interpolymer has a number average molecular weight in the range 20,000 to 125,000, preferably from 25,000 to 100,000.
  • a particularly suitable copolymer is a hydrogenated styrene/isoprene block copolymer of number average molecular weight in the range 50,000 to 100,000 and containing about 75% isoprene and 25% styrene, greater than 95% of the isoprene component being present in the 1,4- form in which greater than 95% of the olefinic double bonds are hydrogenated and the styrene component having less than 5% of the aromatic nucleus double bonds hydrogenated.
  • the vinylarene/ conjugated diene interpolymer forms from 2 to 15% by weight of the composition.
  • the alkyl ester of a saturated aliphatic carboxylic acid may suitably be a simple ester, diester, partial ester or complex ester formed from one or more C 10 to C 18 saturated organic mono- or polycarboxylic acids and one or more C 3 to Cg mono- or polyhydric alcohols.
  • the ester is formed from two molecular proportions of a monohydric alcohol and one molecular proportion of a dicarboxylic acid, e.g. di(octyl) dodecane dioate.
  • the synthetic ester lubricant is present in an amount in the range from 50 to 72% by weight.
  • the non-synthetic mineral lubricating oil may suitably be the common solvent-treated or acid- treated mineral oils of the paraffinic, naphthenic or mixed paraffinic-naphthenic types.
  • Preferred oils are the Solvent Neutral oils and in particular 150 Solvent Neutral oil.
  • a particularly preferred composition comprises 4.5% by weight of a hydrogenated styrene/isoprene block copolymer of number average molecular weight in the range 50,000 to 100,000 and containing about 75% isoprene and 25% styrene, greater than 95% of the isoprene component being present in the 1,4- form in which greater than 95% of the olefinic double bonds are hydrogenated and the styrene component having less than 5% of the aromatic nucleus double bonds hydrogenated, hereinafter referred to as 'hydrogenated styrene/isoprene tapered' (HSIT) interpolymer, 70% by weight di(octyl) dodecane dioate and 25.5% by weight 150 Solvent Neutral lubricating oil.
  • HSIT hydrogenated styrene/isoprene block copolymer of number average molecular weight in the range 50,000 to 100,000 and containing about 75% isoprene and 25% sty
  • the proportion of non-synthetic mineral lubricating oil can be decreased and the proportion of synthetic ester lubricating oil increased by incorporating a small proportion of an olefinic homo-or copolymer such as an ethylene/propylene/non- conjugated diolefin terpolymer or a polybutene, particularly a polybutene, in the composition.
  • an olefinic homo-or copolymer such as an ethylene/propylene/non- conjugated diolefin terpolymer or a polybutene, particularly a polybutene
  • the invention also provides a viscosity index improver additive composition as hereinbefore described modified in the respects that the amount of synthetic ester lubricating oil is in the range from 40 to 80% by weight, the amount of non-synthetic mineral lubricating oil is in the range from 15 to 40% by weight and there is included from 1 to 25% by weight of an olefinic polymer.
  • the olefinic polymer may be a homopolymer or a copolymer.
  • the olefinic polymer is a polybutene of which polyisobutene is preferred.
  • Suitable polybutenes may have a number average molecular weight in the range from 100 to 50,000.
  • a finished lubricating oil composition comprising a major proportion of a lubricating oil base and a minor proportion of the viscosity index improver additive composition as described hereinbefore.
  • the lubricating oil base may be derived from a variety of sources.
  • the base oil may be derived from natural or synthetic sources which include animal oils, vegetable oils, mineral oils, synthetic hydrocarbon oils and synthetic ester oils.
  • the amount of the additive composition present in the finished lubricating oil composition is an amount sufficient to improve the viscosity index of the composition. Generally from 0.05 to 10% by weight of the additive composition may be used, though in certain specialised applications up to 15% by weight may be required.
  • the finished lubricating composition may also contain other additives conventionally employed in the art, such as dispersants, detergents, corrosion inhibitors, anti-wear agents, etc.
  • Example 1 The same commercially available HSIT as used in Example 1 was found to be incompatible with di(octyl) dodecane dioate at all concentrations.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)
  • Detergent Compositions (AREA)
  • Sealing Material Composition (AREA)

Claims (13)

1. Den Viskositätsindex verbessernde Additivzusammensetzung aus 1 bis 25 Gew.-% eines Interpolymers aus hydrierten Alkenylaren/conjugiertem Dien mit einem Zahlendurchschnitts-Molekulargewicht größer als 20 000, 30 bis 72 Gew.-% eines synthetischen Esterschmieröls aus einem Alkylester einer gesättigten aliphatischen Carbonsäure und 15 bis 50 Gew.-% eines nichtsynthetischen mineralischen Schmieröls, wobei sich alle Gewichtsprozentangaben auf das Gesamtgewicht der Zusammensetzung beziehen.
2. Zusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 1, worin das Alkenylaren Styrol ist und das conjugierte Dien entweder Butadien oder Isopren ist.
3. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, worin das Interpolymer ein Block-Copolymer aus hydriertem Styrol/Isopren mit einem Zahlendurchschnitts-Molekulargewicht im Bereich von 50 000 bis 100 000 enthaltend etwa 75 % Isopren und 25 % Styrol darstellt, wobei mehr als 95 % der Isopren-Komponente in der 1,4- Form anwesend ist, in der mehr als 95 % der olefinischen Doppelbindungen hydriert sind und weniger als 5 % der aromatischen Kern-Doppelbindungen in der Styrolkomponente hydriert sind.
4. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, worin das Interpolymer 2 bis 15 Gew.-% der Zusammensetzung ausmacht.
5. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, worin der Alkylester ein einfacher Ester, ein Diester, ein partieller Ester oder ein komplexer Ester aus ein oder mehreren C10 bis C18 gesättigten organischen Mono- oder Polycarbonsäuren und einem oder mehreren C3 bis Cg mono- oder mehrwertigen Alkoholen ist.
6. Zusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 5, worin der Ester gebildet ist aus zwei molekularen Anteilen eines einwertigen Alkohols und einem molekularen Anteil einer Dicarbonsäure.
7. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, worin der synthetische Ester anwesend ist in einer Menge im Bereich von 50 bis 72 Gew.-%.
8. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, worin das nicht-synthetische mineralische Schmieröl ein Solvent Neutral Öl ist.
9. Zusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche umfassend 4,5 Gew.-% eines Block-Copolymers aus hydriertem Styrol/ Isopren mit einem Zahlendurchschnitts-Molekulargewicht im Bereich von 50 000 bis 100 000 enthaltend etwa 75 % Isopren und 25 % Styrol, wobei mehr als 96 % der Isoprenkomponente in der 1,4- Form vorliegen in welcher mehr als 95 % der olefinischen Doppelbindungen hydriert sind und in der Styrolkomponente weniger als 5 % der aromatischen Kern-Doppelbindungen hydriert sind, 70 Gew.-% Di(octyl)dodecandioat und 25,5 Gew.-% 150 Solvent Neutral Schmieröl.
10. Den Viskositätsindex verbessernde Additivzusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche, dadurch modifiziert, daß die Menge an synthetischem Esterschmieröl im Bereich von 40 bis 80 Gew.-%, die Menge an nichtsynthetischem mineralischem Schmieröl im Bereich von 15 bis 40 Gew.-% liegen und 1 bis 25 Gew.-% eines olefinischen Polymers zugesetzt ist.
11. Zusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 10, worin das olefinische Polymer ein Polybuten ist.
12. Eine fertige Schmierölzusammensetzung enthaltend einen größeren Anteil einer Schmierölbasis und einen kleineren Anteil der den Viskositätsindex verbessernden Additivzusammensetzung gemäß einem der vorgehenden Ansprüche.
13. Eine fertige Schmierölzusammensetzung gemäß Anspruch 12, worin das Additiv anwesend ist in einer Menge im Bereich von 0,05 bis 15 Gew.-%.
EP81304395A 1980-09-24 1981-09-24 Den Viskositätsindex verbessernde Additivzusammensetzung Expired EP0048631B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81304395T ATE14451T1 (de) 1980-09-24 1981-09-24 Den viskositaetsindex verbessernde additivzusammensetzung.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8030785 1980-09-24
GB8030785 1980-09-24

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0048631A1 EP0048631A1 (de) 1982-03-31
EP0048631B1 true EP0048631B1 (de) 1985-07-24

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Country Status (8)

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EP (1) EP0048631B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE14451T1 (de)
AU (1) AU549181B2 (de)
DE (1) DE3171493D1 (de)
DK (1) DK231082A (de)
NO (1) NO153261C (de)
WO (1) WO1982001009A1 (de)
ZA (1) ZA816646B (de)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9212330B2 (en) 2012-10-31 2015-12-15 Baker Hughes Incorporated Process for reducing the viscosity of heavy residual crude oil during refining

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3630905A (en) * 1968-11-19 1971-12-28 Phillips Petroleum Co Oil-extended vi improvers
GB1378771A (en) * 1971-03-05 1974-12-27 Shell Int Research Oil compositions
FR2223450B1 (de) * 1973-03-29 1976-05-21 Rhone Progil
US3994815A (en) * 1975-01-23 1976-11-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Additive concentrates and lubricating compositions containing these concentrates

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK231082A (da) 1982-05-21
DE3171493D1 (en) 1985-08-29
EP0048631A1 (de) 1982-03-31
WO1982001009A1 (en) 1982-04-01
AU549181B2 (en) 1986-01-16
AU7645281A (en) 1982-04-14
ZA816646B (en) 1983-04-27
NO821681L (no) 1982-05-19
NO153261B (no) 1985-11-04
NO153261C (no) 1986-02-12
ATE14451T1 (de) 1985-08-15

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