EP0045985B1 - Procédé de fabrication d'un alliage à mémoire à base de cuivre - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication d'un alliage à mémoire à base de cuivre Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0045985B1
EP0045985B1 EP81200691A EP81200691A EP0045985B1 EP 0045985 B1 EP0045985 B1 EP 0045985B1 EP 81200691 A EP81200691 A EP 81200691A EP 81200691 A EP81200691 A EP 81200691A EP 0045985 B1 EP0045985 B1 EP 0045985B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
process according
powder
copper
subjected
hot
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81200691A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0045985A1 (fr
Inventor
Gernot Dr. Gessinger
Olivier Dr. Mercier
Helmut Dr. Riegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0045985A1 publication Critical patent/EP0045985A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/12—Both compacting and sintering
    • B22F3/16—Both compacting and sintering in successive or repeated steps
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0425—Copper-based alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/006—Resulting in heat recoverable alloys with a memory effect

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing a copper-based memory alloy according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Memory alloys of the ⁇ special brass type have so far mainly been produced by melt metallurgy.
  • Methods for the powder metallurgical production of such alloys have also become known (e.g. M. Follon, E. Aernoudt, Powder-metallurgizally processed shape-memory alloys, 5th European Symposium on Powder Metallurgy, Swiss 1978, pp. 275-281). These methods, which mostly work with fine to very fine powders, are generally known from powder metallurgy.
  • manufacturing processes are also known which use relatively coarse-grained powders as starting materials. This applies in particular to the powder metallurgy of titanium alloys and nickel superalloys (e.g.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a production method for copper-based memory alloys which combines high reproducibility with the greatest possible simplicity and economy, and is suitable for mass production and enables homogeneous, dense products in the form of semi-finished or finished products.
  • the coarse powders (grain size> 0.05 mm) can be produced by plasma spheroidization, rotating electrode method, dropletization of a melt by means of ultrasonic excitation, atomization of a melt at high speed or by any other known method.
  • the steel cylinder was provided with a lid and sealed and welded under vacuum.
  • the capsule filled with powder in this way was subjected to a hot isostatic pressing process with the following characteristics:
  • the blank After pressing, the blank was subjected to hot working by open die forging at a temperature of approx. 800 ° C. The diameter of the workpiece was essentially reduced so that a rod of 18 mm in diameter was finally available.
  • the method is in no way limited to this embodiment variant.
  • the starting powder can also consist of powders of different compositions, which together form the final alloy.
  • the grain diameter (particle size) of the powder is between 0.05 and 0.8 mm.
  • the pressure used in isostatic pressing is 50 to 300 MPa depending on the proportions and size of the workpiece to be produced, the associated pressing temperature is 750 to 950 ° C depending on the alloy and the time period is 1/2 h to 5 h.
  • the hot forming operation by forging, pressing, round hammers and rolling is carried out in the temperature range between 750 and 850 ° C.
  • a hollow cylinder made of copper or a ductile copper alloy can also be used to encapsulate the powder.
  • the powder encapsulated in the rubber tube was subjected to a cold isostatic pressing process:
  • the cold-pressed blank was encapsulated in a copper cylinder of the following dimensions after removal from the rubber hose:
  • the copper cylinder was covered with a lid and sealed and welded under vacuum.
  • the capsule sealed in this way was then subjected to a hot isostatic pressing process with the following characteristics:
  • the blank was subjected to a heat treatment, which corresponded to a homogenization anneal under the following conditions:
  • Example 1 After homogenization, the workpiece was subjected to a forging operation similar to Example 1.
  • the method is not exhausted in this embodiment variant. Any mixture of master alloys and / or elementary powder in any number (two or more types of powder) can be used as the starting powder. The only requirement is that the desired final composition is achieved by mixing the powder.
  • a suitable plastic hose for cold isostatic pressing which is carried out at pressures of 300 to 800 mPa for 1 to 10 minutes, can also be used.
  • the homogenization annealing is carried out in the temperature range from 900 to 950 ° C for 1 to 20 h.
  • Alloys of the following composition are particularly suitable as alloys for this process:
  • the powder metallurgical process according to the invention and the semi-finished and finished products produced thereafter enable the production of workpieces from a memory alloy of the Cu / Al or Cu / Al / Ni type, which have better homogeneity compared to bodies produced by melt metallurgy or by conventional powder metallurgical methods and allow economical production.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)

Claims (7)

1. Procédé de fabrication d'un alliage à mémoire à base du cuivre par voie de la métallurgie des poudres, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme matière première une poudre d'alliage à grains grossiers d'une granulométrie s'échelonnant de 0,05 à 0,8 mm pour le diamètre des grains, on mélange la poudre d'alliage, on l'introduit dans un récipient, on scelle celui-ci sous vide et on le soumet au pressage isostatique à chaud sous une pression de 50 à 300 MPa, dans le domaine de températures de 750 à 950 °C, pendant 0,5 à 5 heures, puis on soumet l'ébauche à une température de 750 à 850 °C à une opération de déformation à chaud par forgeage, pressage, forgeage circulaire ou laminage.
2. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme matière première une poudre d'alliage ayant la composition finale de l'alliage à mémoire.
3. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme matière première deux ou plusieurs poudres de préalliages.
4. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme récipient une capsule en acier inoxydable ou en cuivre qu'on soude en maintenant le vide.
5. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on soumet la poudre d'alliage d'abord au pressage isostatique à froid sous vide dans un tube en caoutchouc ou en matière synthétique sous une pression de 300 à 800 MPa pendant 1 à 10 minutes et on encapsule l'ébauche obtenue dans un cylindre en cuivre avant le pressage isostatique à chaud.
6. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on soumet l'ébauche après le pressage isostatique à chaud et avant l'opération de déformation à chaud à un recuit d'homogénéisation en atmosphère de gaz protecteur dans le domaine de températures de 900 à 950 °C pendant une durée de 1 à 20 heures.
7. Procédé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'on utilise comme matière première une poudre d'alliage correspondant à la composition finale d'un alliage à mémoire comprenant 10,5 à 15 % en poids d'aluminium, 0 à 6 % en poids de nickel et pour le reste du cuivre.
EP81200691A 1980-08-07 1981-06-19 Procédé de fabrication d'un alliage à mémoire à base de cuivre Expired EP0045985B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH598680 1980-08-07
CH5986/80 1980-08-07

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0045985A1 EP0045985A1 (fr) 1982-02-17
EP0045985B1 true EP0045985B1 (fr) 1984-02-08

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81200691A Expired EP0045985B1 (fr) 1980-08-07 1981-06-19 Procédé de fabrication d'un alliage à mémoire à base de cuivre

Country Status (3)

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US (1) US4410488A (fr)
EP (1) EP0045985B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3162167D1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103028729A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 河南省大地合金股份有限公司 生产直径小于0.6mm的硬质合金超细棒材的方法

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH664515A5 (en) * 1984-12-20 1988-03-15 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Powder metallurgical prodn. of shape memory article - of beta brass type copper alloy contg. metal oxide dispersoid
US4602952A (en) * 1985-04-23 1986-07-29 Cameron Iron Works, Inc. Process for making a composite powder metallurgical billet
DE3530741C1 (de) * 1985-08-28 1993-01-14 Avesta Nyby Powder AB, Torshälla Verfahren zur Herstellung pulvermetallurgischer Gegenstaende
US6089781A (en) * 1998-08-12 2000-07-18 Hughes Electronics Corporation Structure utilizing a shape-memory alloy fastener
US6526648B1 (en) 2001-07-27 2003-03-04 Raytheon Company Positioning of an optical device using a non-force-applying external agent
DE102007047523B3 (de) 2007-10-04 2009-01-22 Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH Verfahren zur Herstellung von Halbzeuge aus NiTi-Formgedächtnislegierungen
US20130280120A1 (en) * 2010-04-23 2013-10-24 United States Department Of Energy Hard and Super-hard Metal Alloys and Methods for Making the Same
CN114807652B (zh) * 2021-12-24 2022-10-04 昆明冶金研究院有限公司北京分公司 一种艺术用粉末冶金复合材料的制备方法

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3700434A (en) * 1969-04-21 1972-10-24 Stanley Abkowitz Titanium-nickel alloy manufacturing methods
BE758862A (fr) * 1969-11-12 1971-04-16 Fulmer Res Inst Ltd Perfectionnements relatifs au traitement d'alliages
US3775101A (en) * 1970-04-20 1973-11-27 Nasa Method of forming articles of manufacture from superalloy powders
US3698962A (en) * 1971-04-30 1972-10-17 Crucible Inc Method for producing superalloy articles by hot isostatic pressing
US4094053A (en) * 1976-05-21 1978-06-13 Wyman-Gordon Company Forging process
US4140528A (en) * 1977-04-04 1979-02-20 Crucible Inc. Nickel-base superalloy compacted articles
NL7714494A (nl) * 1977-12-28 1979-07-02 Leuven Res & Dev Vzw Werkwijze voor het maken van vaste lichamen uit koper-zinkaluminiumlegeringen.
DE3065931D1 (en) * 1980-03-03 1984-01-26 Bbc Brown Boveri & Cie Process for making a memory alloy

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103028729A (zh) * 2011-09-29 2013-04-10 河南省大地合金股份有限公司 生产直径小于0.6mm的硬质合金超细棒材的方法
CN103028729B (zh) * 2011-09-29 2015-05-13 河南省大地合金股份有限公司 生产直径小于0.6mm的硬质合金超细棒材的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0045985A1 (fr) 1982-02-17
US4410488A (en) 1983-10-18
DE3162167D1 (en) 1984-03-15

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