EP0044198A2 - Anlage zum Speisen von Heizöl - Google Patents

Anlage zum Speisen von Heizöl Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0044198A2
EP0044198A2 EP81303145A EP81303145A EP0044198A2 EP 0044198 A2 EP0044198 A2 EP 0044198A2 EP 81303145 A EP81303145 A EP 81303145A EP 81303145 A EP81303145 A EP 81303145A EP 0044198 A2 EP0044198 A2 EP 0044198A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
oil
heavy
water
heavy oil
celsius
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP81303145A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0044198A3 (de
Inventor
William Sherritt Jennings
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Clayton Manufacturing Co
Original Assignee
Clayton Manufacturing Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Clayton Manufacturing Co filed Critical Clayton Manufacturing Co
Publication of EP0044198A2 publication Critical patent/EP0044198A2/de
Publication of EP0044198A3 publication Critical patent/EP0044198A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/04—Feeding or distributing systems using pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
    • F23K5/00—Feeding or distributing other fuel to combustion apparatus
    • F23K5/02—Liquid fuel
    • F23K5/14—Details thereof
    • F23K5/20—Preheating devices

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an oil delivery system and especially to a low pressure heavy oil burner system and method for removing contaminating fluid constituents from heavy oil prior to delivery to a burner.
  • a No. 6 fuel oil will normally have a water content of 1-2% and in some cases, as much as 6% water has been found.
  • a burner fuel control system for example, of the type that would fire a boiler, is frequently operated cyclicly. When the burner is cycling to an off position, the fuel oil line system will drop to atmospheric pressure and any water at an elevated temperature above 100 0 celsius will flash to steam when it approaches atmospheric pressure. The volumetric steam expansion of the water will displace the oil in the fuel lines and will have a tendency to force the oil out of the nozzle tip of the burner nozzle assembly. This dripping of the fuel oil will foul the burner assembly and will also create pollution problems because a suitable spray pattern is necessary for combustion purposes.
  • the partially voided fuel line requires a period of time to restore the desired oil flow and to build up to the normal pressure.
  • the resultant slowly- forming spray pattern will not ignite cleanly and will cause smoke to form, creating pollution problems and soot.
  • U.S. Patent No. 2,753,928 discloses a heavy oil burner system designed to preheat heavier grades of oil for reducing their viscosity prior to delivery to the combustion chamber.
  • U .S. Patent No. 3,177,919 discloses a method and apparatus for removing gas vapors and foams in fuel oils by preheating.
  • U.S. Patent No. 1,623,074 and U.S. Patent No. 3,009,537 are of general interest on preheating oil.
  • the present invention provides an improved low pressure oil burner system for burning a heavy fuel oil that can be contaminated with water.
  • the heavy fuel oil can be contaminated by either subsequent condensation or can even be initially delivered with a relatively high content of water.
  • a pumping system is attached to a storage tank that holds the heavy fuel oil and delivers it to a heater assembly.
  • a control apparatus is attached to the heater assembly and controls the delivery of the heavy fuel oil to a de-watering tank. The control apparatus monitors the heavy fuel oil until it is pre-heated above a temperature of 100 0 celsius at or above atmospheric pressure.
  • the heavy fuel oil when heated to this high temperature, is then delivered to the de-watering tank which is vented to permit any liquid water contained in the heavy fuel oil to vaporize and to be removed.
  • the de-watered heavy fuel oil at a temperature above 100 celsius is then capable of being delivered to one or more burners for combustion by a low pressure pumping system.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic illustration of a typical application of the heavy oil burner system for water removal embodying the invention.
  • the heavy fuel oil solution refers to a mixture of heavy heating oil, such as bunker C fuel oil, water and/or light hydrocarbons. Quite frequently, the heavier heating oils will have water in them because of incomplete separation processes in handling and as a result of a storage such as from condensation.
  • a primary purpose of the present invention is to provide a simplified de-watering of this heavy fuel oil to provide a stable burner operation while permitting delivery of the fuel oil at low pressure and at a temperature above the boiling point of water. By providing a higher oil temperature, it is also possible to maintain high quality burner performance and to continue to meet the tightening pollution and efficiency standards required today.
  • the present'.invention has other uses, for example, in maritime power generators.
  • fuel quality has been deteriorating with an increase in the density of the fuel oils.
  • centrifugal separation is utilized in cleaning the maritime fuel oil to remove sediments and water.
  • the present '.invention is thus capable of solving the water problem in marine applications.
  • the present invention is directed to a burner fuel control system wherein the oil is heated to a temperature of approximately 150 celsius, but can be delivered to the burner nozzle at a pressure less than 50 psig (345 kPa gauge pressure) by removing the water in the heavy oil solution.
  • the present invention eliminates eratic delivery of fuel oil through the burner nozzle that would result in the burner chugging or pulsing rapidly. As is well known in the art, such pulsing of the burner can result in poor burner performance and.higher maintenance cost.
  • the present invention separates the water from the fuel oil before being admitted to the burner pump and burner delivery and control systems.
  • the result is a smoother and cleaner burning of the fuel with improved thermal efficiency in burners because the burners may then be operated with less excess air and still comply with regulations governing smoke and other products of combustion.
  • the present invention has a particular advantage in burners having combustion chambers which require a high rate of burning per unit of volume (low fuel residency time) and fuel oil temperatures which must exceed 100 celsius.
  • the resultant delivery of the fuel oil to the burner is controllable and allows a fine tuning of the air fuel ratio for maximum thermal efficiency consistent with pollution control considerations for the general area of use of the burner system.
  • the present invention further reduces operating expense by eliminating the need for dispersants and emulsifying additives for the fuel oil.
  • the present invention is particularly advantageous in burner oil systems that use air or steam atomization and lower fuel pressure, e.g. in the range of 25-50 psig (172-345 kPa gauge pressure) Since water at approximately 150 0 celsius will flash to steam below 50 psig (345 kPa gauge pressure), the de-watering of the fuel oil will not only prevent pump pulsing but also will prevent instability in the remainder of the fuel system when it is used at lower pressures and higher temperatures than are generally used in earlier boiler systems.
  • an oil storage tank 2 is connected to a fuel pump 4 that supplies fuel oil via a delivery line 5 controlled by a check valve 6.
  • the delivery line is connected to a steam oil heat exchanger 8, such as a typical shell and tube heat exchanger.
  • a return line 10 is connected to the oil storage tank 2 and is controlled by a pressure-limiting regulator valve 12.
  • the heavy fuel oil will be heated, for example, by a steam heat exchanger (not shown) in the oil storage tank 2 to approximately 30-65 0 celsius and will be continually recycled.
  • the steam heat exchanger 8 is controlled by a steam temperature control valve 14 coupled to a temperature monitor mounted at the outlet conduit from the exchanger 8 to measure the temperature of the fuel oil leaving the exchanger 8.
  • the heat exchanger 8 also is connected to a steam trap 16 which functions in a normal manner.
  • the steam temperature control valve 14 is set to ensure that the o heavy fuel oil is heated under pressure to approximately 150 celsius and, more specifically, within the range of 100° to 163 celsius. At this temperature range, the heated heavy oil is delivered to an oil de-watering unit or tank 18.
  • the oil de-watering unit 18 is maintained at a low pressure sufficient to permit any liquid water contained in the heavy oil to vaporize and be removed from the heated heavy oil.
  • the vapor vent line 20 can be opened to the atmosphere or, alternatively, as shown in the drawing, connected to a condenser 22 to condense the oil vapor and water vapor to liquid form.
  • the condenser unit 22, while optional, may be required in certain installations to comply with local pollution control regulations.
  • the oil de-watering unit or tank 18 is controlled by a float valve assembly 24 which ensures that a sufficient quantity of oil is maintained within the tank 18.
  • Both the vent line 20 and the tank 18 can further be insulated, if desired.
  • the heat exchanger 8 could be enlarged and vented to atmospheric pressure to. remove the necessity of the separate de-watering tank 18.
  • a low pressure pump such as a positive displacement gear pump, is capable of operating to provide a supply of heated fuel oil that is water-free at a pressure range of approximately 25-50 psig.
  • Such pumps 26 and 28 are shown attached, respectively, to boiler combustion chambers 34 and 36.
  • Each of the respective pumps are capable of pumping approximately 200% of the normal requirement of a burner and generally 50% of the capacity of the pump is bypassed through the respective independent pressure regulator valves 42 and 44 to a low pressure return line 50.
  • Check valves 46 and 48 can prevent return flow as a safety measure.
  • An electric heater 52 which may be augmented by a supplemental steam heater (not shown) , can be utilized for cold starts and for temperature trimming to offset any radiation losses on a light load.
  • This electric heater' is regulated by a temperature control valve 54 that monitors the high pressure line 56.
  • An air compressor 32 is connected to the fuel nozzle (not shown).
  • the present invention can save power consumption by requiring less power for the air crompressor since lower air pressure is required.
  • a person skilled in the steam generation field is capable of perforring the method of the present invention to accomplish a clean and efficient burning of heavy fuel oil that has been contaminated with water vapor by reference to the above specification.
  • the primary goal in accomplishing the method of the present invention is the heating of the heavy fuel oil, that can be contaminated on the average with as much as 2% water, to a temperature in the range of 100° celsius to approximately 163 celsius.
  • This heated heavy fuel oil solution of water and oil is then subjected to a pressure low enough to permit any water in the heavy fuel oil to vaporize.
  • The.. large difference in density between the liquid oil and the water and light oil vapors (gases) permits an efficient and complete separation in the de-watering tank 18.
  • Prior art separators tried to separate the oil and water in a liquid form, although at a high temperature. That approach required long settling time periods and larger tanks. Additionally, that approach is not readily adaptable to a low pressure pumping system.
  • This vaporized water is then removed from the heavy fuel oil. Since the heavy fuel oil is now at an elevated temperature, its viscosity is low enough to be pumped by a low pressure pumping system so that the heavy fuel oul can be delivered to the burner at a pressure in the approximate range of 25-50 psig (172-345 kPA gauge pressure). As a result of this method, a smoother and cleaner burning of fuel oil is accomplished without any pulsing of the burner that can result in poor burner performance and higher maintenance cost. Additionally, pollution problems are minimized with an improved thermal efficiency since the boilers may be operated at a lower air fuel ratio and still comply with regulations governing. smoke and other products of combustion.
  • the present invention has the particular advantage of operating with combustion chambers that require a high rate of heat per unit volume and with fuel oil temperatures that must exceed 100 celsius.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Feeding And Controlling Fuel (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)
EP81303145A 1980-07-11 1981-07-09 Anlage zum Speisen von Heizöl Withdrawn EP0044198A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US16766880A 1980-07-11 1980-07-11
US167668 1993-12-15

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0044198A2 true EP0044198A2 (de) 1982-01-20
EP0044198A3 EP0044198A3 (de) 1982-08-11

Family

ID=22608294

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81303145A Withdrawn EP0044198A3 (de) 1980-07-11 1981-07-09 Anlage zum Speisen von Heizöl

Country Status (7)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0044198A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS5741520A (de)
DK (1) DK303881A (de)
ES (1) ES8301346A1 (de)
FI (1) FI812188L (de)
GR (1) GR74292B (de)
NO (1) NO812376L (de)

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0760451A2 (de) * 1995-08-25 1997-03-05 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Anlage zur Verbrennung von emulgiertem Schweröl
EP0811805A3 (de) * 1996-06-05 1998-10-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Verbrennungsvorrichtung für eine Schwerölemulsion
EP0869316A3 (de) * 1997-04-01 1999-08-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Anlage zur Verbrennung von emulgiertem Schweröl
KR100270638B1 (ko) * 1995-08-25 2000-12-01 마스다 노부유키 중질유 에멀션 연료 연소장치
WO2008080375A1 (de) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Enerday Gmbh Blasenfreie brennstoff zufuhr insbesondere für brennstoffzellensysteme
CN102032586A (zh) * 2011-01-04 2011-04-27 三一重工股份有限公司 重油燃烧预处理装置
US20130008663A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-10 Donald Maclean Offshore heavy oil production

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103672952B (zh) * 2013-12-06 2016-05-11 昆明理工大学 一种工业炉窑高压内混式雾化喷吹植物油脂或生物油燃烧系统及其方法

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB475663A (en) * 1936-06-02 1937-11-24 Robert Charles Sullivan Improvements in or relating to the dehydration of oils
FR999486A (fr) * 1949-10-27 1952-01-31 Cie Reunies Glaces Et Verres Dispositif d'alimentation de brûleurs à pulvérisation par air au moyen de combustibles liquides lourds, chauffés et sous pression
GB911297A (en) * 1958-12-11 1962-11-21 Dowty Fuel Syst Ltd Improvements in fuel supply systems
GB1140501A (en) * 1965-11-26 1969-01-22 Manton Gaulin Mfg Company Inc Method and apparatus for the processing of heavy oil to improved combustion properties

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB475663A (en) * 1936-06-02 1937-11-24 Robert Charles Sullivan Improvements in or relating to the dehydration of oils
FR999486A (fr) * 1949-10-27 1952-01-31 Cie Reunies Glaces Et Verres Dispositif d'alimentation de brûleurs à pulvérisation par air au moyen de combustibles liquides lourds, chauffés et sous pression
GB911297A (en) * 1958-12-11 1962-11-21 Dowty Fuel Syst Ltd Improvements in fuel supply systems
GB1140501A (en) * 1965-11-26 1969-01-22 Manton Gaulin Mfg Company Inc Method and apparatus for the processing of heavy oil to improved combustion properties

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0760451A2 (de) * 1995-08-25 1997-03-05 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Anlage zur Verbrennung von emulgiertem Schweröl
EP0760451A3 (de) * 1995-08-25 1998-11-11 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Anlage zur Verbrennung von emulgiertem Schweröl
KR100270638B1 (ko) * 1995-08-25 2000-12-01 마스다 노부유키 중질유 에멀션 연료 연소장치
EP0811805A3 (de) * 1996-06-05 1998-10-21 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Verbrennungsvorrichtung für eine Schwerölemulsion
US6123540A (en) * 1996-06-05 2000-09-26 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Heavy oil emulsion fuel combustion apparatus
EP0869316A3 (de) * 1997-04-01 1999-08-11 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Anlage zur Verbrennung von emulgiertem Schweröl
US6036473A (en) * 1997-04-01 2000-03-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. Heavy oil emulsified fuel combustion apparatus
WO2008080375A1 (de) * 2007-01-05 2008-07-10 Enerday Gmbh Blasenfreie brennstoff zufuhr insbesondere für brennstoffzellensysteme
CN102032586A (zh) * 2011-01-04 2011-04-27 三一重工股份有限公司 重油燃烧预处理装置
US20130008663A1 (en) * 2011-07-07 2013-01-10 Donald Maclean Offshore heavy oil production
US9062525B2 (en) * 2011-07-07 2015-06-23 Single Buoy Moorings, Inc. Offshore heavy oil production

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GR74292B (de) 1984-06-21
ES503845A0 (es) 1982-11-16
NO812376L (no) 1982-01-12
JPS5741520A (en) 1982-03-08
FI812188L (fi) 1982-01-12
EP0044198A3 (de) 1982-08-11
DK303881A (da) 1982-01-12
ES8301346A1 (es) 1982-11-16

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PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

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Effective date: 19830721

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Inventor name: JENNINGS, WILLIAM SHERRITT