EP0038375B1 - Device for splitting pieces of wood - Google Patents

Device for splitting pieces of wood Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0038375B1
EP0038375B1 EP19800105441 EP80105441A EP0038375B1 EP 0038375 B1 EP0038375 B1 EP 0038375B1 EP 19800105441 EP19800105441 EP 19800105441 EP 80105441 A EP80105441 A EP 80105441A EP 0038375 B1 EP0038375 B1 EP 0038375B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
splitting
wood
wedge
pieces
splitting wedge
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP19800105441
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0038375A1 (en
Inventor
Hars Berr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Stefan Berr Firma
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Stefan Berr Firma
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19803014757 external-priority patent/DE3014757A1/en
Priority claimed from DE19803029592 external-priority patent/DE3029592A1/en
Application filed by Stefan Berr Firma filed Critical Stefan Berr Firma
Priority to AT80105441T priority Critical patent/ATE10717T1/en
Publication of EP0038375A1 publication Critical patent/EP0038375A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0038375B1 publication Critical patent/EP0038375B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27LREMOVING BARK OR VESTIGES OF BRANCHES; SPLITTING WOOD; MANUFACTURE OF VENEER, WOODEN STICKS, WOOD SHAVINGS, WOOD FIBRES OR WOOD POWDER
    • B27L7/00Arrangements for splitting wood
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27MWORKING OF WOOD NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES B27B - B27L; MANUFACTURE OF SPECIFIC WOODEN ARTICLES
    • B27M1/00Working of wood not provided for in subclasses B27B - B27L, e.g. by stretching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for splitting pieces of wood with a support for the wooden pieces bearing housing, which supports a splitting wedge and is fixed by tabs and housing-fixed pins on the chassis of an agricultural tractor and in which the splitting wedge is connected to the movable part of a hydraulic cylinder.
  • the bearing housing engages with a pin projecting below this in the trailer coupling of the tractor and can be fixed by means of the tabs on the front loader bearings of the tractor and that the splitting wedge is connected to the movable part of a tractor's own hydraulic cylinder and by means of a return spring in the Rest position is transferable.
  • the splitting device is held mechanically on the tractor, so that the tractor's hydraulics can be used to actuate the splitting wedge.
  • the construction effort can be kept so low and the operation can be carried out easily and safely by using the tractor's own control device.
  • the pins and tabs are arranged directly on the bearing housing or can attack or attack the bearing housing indirectly via transverse arms. The use of the cross arms also allows any width adjustment of the splitting device to adapt to tractors, implement carriers of different types.
  • latch bodies are arranged on the supports in a fixed or adjustable manner for fixing wooden pieces of shorter length. This ensures that longer pieces of wood remain in the area of the splitting wedge through the support plate of the supports and shorter pieces of wood by means of the catch bodies.
  • the device does not require a manual or mechanical holding of the pieces of wood during the splitting process.
  • the splitting wedge has a cutting edge which extends in the pivoting center plane thereof, to which two wedge bodies which are symmetrically obliquely opposite to the splitting direction are connected in the rearward direction.
  • the wedge bodies can be formed by flat plate parts and can be connected at a distance in the region of the ends facing away from the cutting edge, while for the application of progressively acting splitting forces, the wedge bodies can be formed by plate parts that extend in an arc toward the free end and on the outside. which in turn are connected at a distance in the region of the ends facing away from the cutting edge by at least one web.
  • the supports are to be provided with brackets or the like which grip over the pieces of wood and which act firmly or foldably on the supports for this purpose.
  • a simplification of the handling of the device can still be achieved in that the fuel regulating device of the tractor or implement carrier is connected to an operating linkage which ends in the vicinity of the device and can be confirmed from there.
  • the knife plate is expediently arranged between the riving knife and the pivot bearing of the riving knife.
  • the device created in this way enables, in addition to splitting processes, a cutting and shearing process to be carried out on the pieces of wood transverse to the grain of the wood by means of the knife plate, as a result of which pieces of wood of any length can be divided into predetermined lengths.
  • a wedge-shaped widening adjoins the cutting edge of the cutting tip and that part of the cutting tip which faces away from the cutting edge is designed with a smaller thickness for widening.
  • the knife plate thus formed exerts a wedge effect on the pieces of wood in the cutting area, which causes a widening of the kerf, through which the subsequent part of the knife plate, which is of lesser thickness, passes through without friction.
  • the formation of clearance angles on the riving knife is provided.
  • the front ends of the riving knife can be made shorter in length to the end facing away from the cutting edge. It is possible to provide the clearance angle (s) optionally on one or on both front ends of the riving knife.
  • the supports serve as an abutment for the pieces of wood, preferably releasably firmly wear, the bounding surfaces extending in the direction of insertion are exposed obliquely or in an arc shape to the outside.
  • a length stop can be plugged in at a distance from the support.
  • the device is to be operated exclusively with a knife plate, which for this purpose may extend over the length of the knife plate and riving knife.
  • FIG. 1 denotes an essentially U-shaped bearing housing (FIG. 4) for a riving knife 2, which firmly supports two supports 3, which are parallel and spaced obliquely downwards.
  • the riving knife 2 is rotatable about an axis 4 in the bearing housing 1.
  • On the bearing housing 1 cross arms 5 firmly engage, which have pins 6 at the free ends below.
  • Next are hinged to the bearing housing 1 at 7 tabs 8 with one end, the other ends on frame-fixed pins, for.
  • B. front loader bearing 22 of an agricultural implement carrier (FIG. 3) can be plugged on.
  • the riving knife 2 is provided with extensions 2 '. At the extensions 2 ', z. B. by means of a pin 9, the displaceable in a hydraulic cylinder 10 piston 11 and a return spring 12.
  • the pieces of wood 13 to be split can be placed freely on the supports 3 of the splitting device fixed to a device carrier by the pins 6 and tabs 8.
  • the pieces of wood 13 are kept free of displacement by standing on a support plate 16 which is fixed in support.
  • the riving knife 2 pivots in the clockwise direction of rotation counter to the return spring 12 and is pressed into the wooden piece 13 for splitting operations when it is pivoted away appropriately.
  • the riving knife 2 performs a swift cutting process.
  • the use of flat plate sections 2 "'adjoining the cutting edge 2"' results in a linear cutting process
  • arcuate plate sections 2 "" according to the embodiment in FIG. 6 , a progressive cutting process is effected.
  • the bearing housing 1 also has transverse arms 17, to which brackets 8 can be fixed, and a pin 18, which, as shown in FIG. 3, can be inserted into the trailer coupling 19 of a tractor to fix the bearing housing 1.
  • measures for splitting short pieces of wood are created in that the supports 3 (FIG. 3) are provided on the upper side with catch bodies 20 which, by being pressed into the peripheral surface of the piece of wood 13 during the splitting process, fix it on the supports 3.
  • the fastening means for the bearing housing adapted to the various tractors or implement carriers. It is also possible to provide differently designed riving knives and restoring elements. Ultimately, the device can be designed in different sizes, depending on the pressure output of the actuating piston for the riving knife. With 21 safety brackets are designated, which firmly or releasably engage the supports 3, or they encompass the pieces of wood (FIG. 3).
  • the knife plate 23 engages for this purpose with pins 24 on sleeves 25 fixed to the bearing housing.
  • a guided in a hydraulic cylinder 10 piston 11 which is connected to the knife plate fixed lugs 26, the knife plate 23 against the action of a return spring 27, z. B. leg spring, together with the riving knife 2 in the direction of the support 3.
  • the knife plate 23 is pressed transversely to the grain of the wood piece 13 and separates it. 9 shows a cutting edge 23 'and a subsequent widening 23 ".
  • the widening 23" exerts a wedge effect on the pieces of wood during the cutting process and forms widened parting lines, as a result of which the part 23 "'of the knife plate 23, which is of a smaller thickness and faces away from the cutting edge 23', permits problem-free, smooth passage through the parting line.
  • the knife plate 23 can be stiffened by a cross plate 29, as shown in FIG on which the attachment or attachments 26. firmly engage, in FIG. 8 a single attachment 26 is provided on the knife plate 23 as a point of engagement for a piston 11.
  • the riving knife 2 has been eliminated.
  • the knife plate 23 is extended in this embodiment by the length of the missing riving knife and thus allows large pieces of wood to be separated in diameter.
  • the cross plate 29 results in an axial stiffening of the knife plate 23.
  • FIG. 11 shows a support 28 for the pieces of wood, which can be fixed by means of a pin 30 in eyelets 31 or holes in the supports 3 (FIG. 7).
  • the boundary surfaces 32, 33 of the supports 28 are inclined or curved outwards to form run-in slopes.
  • the boundary surfaces 32, 33 thus enable the device to be loaded with pieces of wood without hindrance.
  • a length stop 34 still attached to the supports 3 allows the pieces of wood with the same partial lengths to be reproducibly divided.
  • the knife plate 23 can be designed with any height and thickness, preferably with the height of the riving knife.
  • the riving knife 2 can be designed with end faces 35 which extend obliquely back towards the free ends to create end clearance angles.
  • the length of the knife plate 23 is expediently chosen to be greater than the diameter of the pieces of wood, as a result of which a reliable cutting action on the pieces of wood takes place in one operation.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Spalten von Holzstücken mit einem Auflager für die Holzstücke aufweisenden Lagergehäuse, das einen Spaltkeil lagert und über Laschen und gehäusefeste Zapfen am Fahrgestell eines landwirtschaftlichen Traktors festgelegt ist und bei der der Spaltkeil mit dem beweglichen Teil eines Hydraulikzylinders in Verbindung steht.The invention relates to a device for splitting pieces of wood with a support for the wooden pieces bearing housing, which supports a splitting wedge and is fixed by tabs and housing-fixed pins on the chassis of an agricultural tractor and in which the splitting wedge is connected to the movable part of a hydraulic cylinder.

Bei einer bekannten Spaltvorrichtung (US-A-4 112 985) ist das Lagergehäuse mittels Laschen mit dem Fahrgestell eines Traktors verbunden und umständlich durch hydraulisch verschwenkbare Hebel getragen. Dies führt dazu, daß für die Betätigung des Spaltkeils zusätzlich vorrichtungseigene Zylinder erforderlich werden, die über weitere Steuerventile mit der Hydraulikpumpe zu verbinden sind. Abgesehen davon, daß die zusätzlichen Zylinder und die Steuerventile zu einem großen baulichen Aufwand bei der bekannten Spaltvorrichtung führen, wird auch die Handhabung derselben erschwert.In a known splitting device (US-A-4 112 985), the bearing housing is connected to the chassis of a tractor by means of brackets and is laboriously carried by hydraulically pivotable levers. This leads to the fact that for the actuation of the riving knife additional device-specific cylinders are required, which are to be connected to the hydraulic pump via further control valves. In addition to the fact that the additional cylinders and the control valves lead to a great structural outlay in the known splitting device, the handling thereof is also made more difficult.

Es ist Aufgabe der Erfindung, den baulichen Aufwand bei Spaltvorrichtungen zu verringern und die Handhabung derselben sicher zu erleichtern.It is an object of the invention to reduce the structural outlay in the case of splitting devices and to reliably facilitate their handling.

Erfindungsgemäß ist dies dadurch erreicht, daß das Lagergehäuse mit einem dieses unten überragenden Zapfen in die Anhängekupplung des Traktors eingreift und mittels der Laschen an den Frontladerlagern des Traktors festlegbar ist und daß der Spaltkeil mit dem verschieblichen Teil eines traktoreigenen Hydraulikzylinders verbunden und mittels einer Rückstellfeder in die Ruhestellung verbringbar ist. Die Spaltvorrichtung ist so mechanisch am Traktor gehalten, wodurch die Hydraulik des Traktors zur Betätigung des Spaltkeils genutzt werden kann. Der bauliche Aufwand kann so gering gehalten und durch Verwendung der traktoreigenen Steuereinrichtung die Bedienung leicht und sicher erfolgen. Es versteht sich, daß die Zapfen und Laschen unmittelbar am Lagergehäuse angeordnet sind bzw. angreifen können oder mittelbar über Querarme am Lagergehäuse angreifen. Die Verwendung der Querarme erlaubt auch einen beliebigen Breitenausgleich der Spaltvorrichtung zur Anpassung an Traktoren, Geräteträgern unterschiedlicher Bauart.According to the invention this is achieved in that the bearing housing engages with a pin projecting below this in the trailer coupling of the tractor and can be fixed by means of the tabs on the front loader bearings of the tractor and that the splitting wedge is connected to the movable part of a tractor's own hydraulic cylinder and by means of a return spring in the Rest position is transferable. The splitting device is held mechanically on the tractor, so that the tractor's hydraulics can be used to actuate the splitting wedge. The construction effort can be kept so low and the operation can be carried out easily and safely by using the tractor's own control device. It is understood that the pins and tabs are arranged directly on the bearing housing or can attack or attack the bearing housing indirectly via transverse arms. The use of the cross arms also allows any width adjustment of the splitting device to adapt to tractors, implement carriers of different types.

In Ausgestaltung der Spaltvorrichtung ist vorgesehen, auf die Auflager Rastenkörper fest oder einstellbar fest zur Fixierung von Holzstükken mit geringerer Länge anzuordnen. Hiermit ist sichergestellt, daß längere Holzstücke durch die Stützplatte der Auflager und kürzere Holzstücke mittels der Rastenkörper im Bereich des Spaltkeils verbleiben. Ein manuelles oder maschinelles Halten der Holzstücke beim Spaltvorgang erfordert die Vorrichtung nicht.In an embodiment of the splitting device, it is provided that latch bodies are arranged on the supports in a fixed or adjustable manner for fixing wooden pieces of shorter length. This ensures that longer pieces of wood remain in the area of the splitting wedge through the support plate of the supports and shorter pieces of wood by means of the catch bodies. The device does not require a manual or mechanical holding of the pieces of wood during the splitting process.

Gemäß bevorzugter Ausführung weist der Spaltkeil eine sich in der Schwenkmittelebene desselben erstreckende Schneide auf, an die sich nach rückwärts zwei symmetrisch schräg entgegen der Spaltrichtung ausgestellte Keilkörper anschließen. Zur Aufbringung linearer Spalt kräfte können die Keilkörper durch ebene Plattenteile gebildet und im Bereich der der Schneide abgewandten Enden durch einen Steg im Abstand verbunden sein, während zur Aufbringung progressiv wirkender Spaltkräfte die Keilkörper durch bogenförmig zum freien Ende und außen sich erstreckende Plattenteile gebildet sein können, die wiederum im Bereich der der Schneide abgewandten Enden durch mindestens einen Steg im Abstand verbunden sind.According to a preferred embodiment, the splitting wedge has a cutting edge which extends in the pivoting center plane thereof, to which two wedge bodies which are symmetrically obliquely opposite to the splitting direction are connected in the rearward direction. For the application of linear splitting forces, the wedge bodies can be formed by flat plate parts and can be connected at a distance in the region of the ends facing away from the cutting edge, while for the application of progressively acting splitting forces, the wedge bodies can be formed by plate parts that extend in an arc toward the free end and on the outside. which in turn are connected at a distance in the region of the ends facing away from the cutting edge by at least one web.

Darüber hinaus sind zur Verhinderung eines seitlichen Herabfallens oder Abspringens der gespaltenen Holzstücke von den Auflagern, die Auflager mit über die Holzstücke greifenden Bügeln o. dgl. zu versehen, die hierzu fest oder klappbar fest an den Auflagern angreifen. Eine Erleichterung der Handhabung der Vorrichtung ist noch dadurch erzielbar, daß die Brennstoffre gulierungseinrichtung des Traktors oder Geräteträgers mit einem Bedienungsgestänge in Verbindung gebracht wird, das in der Nähe der Vorrichtung endet und von dort bestätigt werden kann.In addition, in order to prevent the split pieces of wood from falling or jumping off the supports, the supports are to be provided with brackets or the like which grip over the pieces of wood and which act firmly or foldably on the supports for this purpose. A simplification of the handling of the device can still be achieved in that the fuel regulating device of the tractor or implement carrier is connected to an operating linkage which ends in the vicinity of the device and can be confirmed from there.

Schließlich ist vorgesehen, in Reihe mit dem Spaltkeil eine mit diesem fest verbundene Messerplatte o. dgl. auszubilden. Zweckmäßig ist die Messerplatte zwischen dem Spaltkeil und dem Schwenklager des Spaltkeils angeordnet. Es besteht aber auch die Möglichkeit, die Messerplatte auf der dem Schwenklager abgewandten Seite des Spaltkeils anzuordnen. Die so geschaffene Vorrichtung ermöglicht zusätzlich zu Spaltvorgängen mittels der Messerplatte einen Schneid- und Schervorgang auf die Holzstücke quer zu deren Faserverlauf auszuüben, wodurch beliebig lange Holzstücke auf vorbestimmte Län gen teilbar sind.Finally, it is provided to form a knife plate or the like firmly connected to the riving knife in series. The knife plate is expediently arranged between the riving knife and the pivot bearing of the riving knife. However, there is also the possibility of arranging the knife plate on the side of the riving knife facing away from the pivot bearing. The device created in this way enables, in addition to splitting processes, a cutting and shearing process to be carried out on the pieces of wood transverse to the grain of the wood by means of the knife plate, as a result of which pieces of wood of any length can be divided into predetermined lengths.

Außerdem wird vorgeschlagen, daß sich an der Schneide der Messerplatte eine keilförmige Verbreiterung anschließt und der der Schneide abgewandte Teil der Messerplatte mit zur Verbreiterung geringerer Dicke ausgeführt ist. Die so gebildete Messerplatte übt im Schneidenbereich einen Keileffekt auf die Holzstücke aus, der zu einer Verbreiterung der Schnittfuge Anlaß ist, durch die der mit geringerer Dicke ausgebildete nachfolgende Teil der Messerplatte reibungsfrei hindurchtritt.It is also proposed that a wedge-shaped widening adjoins the cutting edge of the cutting tip and that part of the cutting tip which faces away from the cutting edge is designed with a smaller thickness for widening. The knife plate thus formed exerts a wedge effect on the pieces of wood in the cutting area, which causes a widening of the kerf, through which the subsequent part of the knife plate, which is of lesser thickness, passes through without friction.

Um bei Schneidvorgängen ein Anstoßen der stirnseitigen Enden des Spaltkeiles an das Holzstück auszuschließen, ist die Bildung von Freiwinkeln am Spaltkeil vorgesehen. Hierzu können die stirnseitigen Enden des Spaltkeils zu dem der Schneide abgewandten Ende mit geringerer Länge ausgeführt sein. Es besteht die Möglichkeit, den oder die Freiwinkel wahlweise an einem oder an beiden stirnseitigen Enden des Spaltkeils vorzusehen.In order to prevent the ends of the riving knife from bumping against the piece of wood during cutting operations, the formation of clearance angles on the riving knife is provided. For this purpose, the front ends of the riving knife can be made shorter in length to the end facing away from the cutting edge. It is possible to provide the clearance angle (s) optionally on one or on both front ends of the riving knife.

Das Auflegen der Holzstücke auf die Vorrich tung ist einfach und sicher dadurch möglich, daß die Auflager eine als Widerlager für die Holz stücke dienende Stütze, bevorzugt lösbar fest tragen, deren in Einschieberichtung sich erstrekkenden Begrenzungsflächen schräg oder bogenförmig nach außen ausgestellt sind. Außerdem kann an den Auflagern, z. B. im Abstand neben der Stütze ein Längenanschlag ansteckbar sein.Placing the pieces of wood on the Vorrich device is simple and safe possible in that the supports serve as an abutment for the pieces of wood, preferably releasably firmly wear, the bounding surfaces extending in the direction of insertion are exposed obliquely or in an arc shape to the outside. In addition, on the supports, for. B. a length stop can be plugged in at a distance from the support.

Letztlich ist noch vorgesehen, an Stelle der Kombination von Messerplatte und Spaltkeil die Vorrichtung ausschließlich mit einer Messerplatte zu betreiben, die sich hierzu gegebenenfalls über die Länge von Messerplatte und Spaltkeil erstreckt.Ultimately, it is also provided that instead of the combination of knife plate and riving knife, the device is to be operated exclusively with a knife plate, which for this purpose may extend over the length of the knife plate and riving knife.

Wie die Erfindung ausführbar ist, zeigen mit den für diese-wesentlichen Merkmalen, die in der Zeichnung dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiele. Hierin bedeutet

  • Fig. 1 eine Vorrichtung perspektivisch,
  • Fig. 2 ein Lagergehäuse mit Auflager für eine Vorrichtung anderer Ausführung, perspektivisch,
  • Fig. 3 eine Vorrichtung gemäß einer weiteren Ausführung in Seitenansicht,
  • Fig. 4 ein Lagergehäuse perspektivisch,
  • Fig. 5 einen Spaltkeil in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 6 einen abgewandelten Spaltkeil in Draufsicht,
  • Fig. 7 eine weitere Vorrichtung perspektivisch,
  • Fig. 8 eine Messerplatte mit Spaltkeil, perspektivisch,
  • Fig. 9 einen Schnitt nach der Linie IX-IX der Fig. 8,
  • Fig. 10 eine weitere Messerplatte perspektivisch, und
  • Fig. 11 eine Stütze mit Einlaufschrägen in Draufsicht.
The exemplary embodiments shown in the drawing show how the invention can be carried out with the features essential for this. Here means
  • 1 shows a device in perspective,
  • 2 is a perspective view of a bearing housing with a support for a device of another design,
  • 3 shows a device according to a further embodiment in side view,
  • 4 is a perspective view of a bearing housing,
  • 5 is a riving knife in plan view,
  • 6 is a modified riving knife in plan view,
  • 7 a further device in perspective,
  • 8 a knife plate with riving knife, in perspective,
  • 9 is a section along the line IX-IX of FIG. 8,
  • 10 is a perspective view of a further knife insert, and
  • Fig. 11 is a support with chamfers in plan view.

In Fig. 1 ist mit 1 ein im wesentlichen U-förmiges Lagergehäuse (Fig.4) für einen Spaltkeil 2 bezeichnet, das zwei parallel im Abstand schräg nach unten gerichtete Auflager 3 fest trägt. Der Spaltkeil 2 ist um eine Achse 4 im Lagergehäuse 1 drehbar. Am Lagergehäuse 1 greifen Querarme 5 fest an, die an den freien Enden unten Zapfen 6 aufweisen. Weiter sind am Lagergehäuse 1 bei 7 Laschen 8 mit einem Ende angelenkt, deren andere Enden auf rahmenfeste Zapfen, z. B. Frontladerlager 22 eines landwirtschaftlichen Geräteträgers (Fig. 3) aufsteckbar sind. Der Spaltkeil 2 ist mit Verlängerungen 2'versehen. An den Verlängerungen 2' greift, z. B. mittels eines Stiftes 9, der in einem Hydraulikzylinder 10 verschiebbare Kolben 11 und eine Rückstellfeder 12 an.In Fig. 1, 1 denotes an essentially U-shaped bearing housing (FIG. 4) for a riving knife 2, which firmly supports two supports 3, which are parallel and spaced obliquely downwards. The riving knife 2 is rotatable about an axis 4 in the bearing housing 1. On the bearing housing 1 cross arms 5 firmly engage, which have pins 6 at the free ends below. Next are hinged to the bearing housing 1 at 7 tabs 8 with one end, the other ends on frame-fixed pins, for. B. front loader bearing 22 of an agricultural implement carrier (FIG. 3) can be plugged on. The riving knife 2 is provided with extensions 2 '. At the extensions 2 ', z. B. by means of a pin 9, the displaceable in a hydraulic cylinder 10 piston 11 and a return spring 12.

Auf die Auflager 3 der durch die Zapfen 6 und Laschen 8 an einem Geräteträger fixierten Spaltvorrichtung sind die zu spaltenden Holzstücke 13 frei auflegbar. Hierbei werden die Holzstücke 13 durch Aufstehen auf einer auflagerfeste Stützplatte 16 verschiebungsfrei gehalten. Durch Einbringen von Druckmedium in den Hydraulikzylinder 10 schwenkt der Spaltkeil 2 in Uhrzeigerdrehrichtung entgegen der Rückstellfeder 12 und wird bei entsprechender Abschwenkung in das Holzstück 13 zu Spaltvorgängen eingepreßt. Der Spaltkeil 2 führt hierbei einen zügigen Schneidvorgang aus. Bei der Anordnung eines Spaltkeils 2 entsprechend der Fig. 5 erfolgt durch die Verwendung von sich an der Schneide 2" anschließenden ebenen Plattenabschnitten 2"' ein linearer Schneidvorgang, während durch die Verwendung von bogenförmigen Plattenabschnitten 2"", gemäß der Ausführung der Fig. 6, ein progressiver Schneidvorgang bewirkt wird.The pieces of wood 13 to be split can be placed freely on the supports 3 of the splitting device fixed to a device carrier by the pins 6 and tabs 8. Here, the pieces of wood 13 are kept free of displacement by standing on a support plate 16 which is fixed in support. By introducing pressure medium into the hydraulic cylinder 10, the riving knife 2 pivots in the clockwise direction of rotation counter to the return spring 12 and is pressed into the wooden piece 13 for splitting operations when it is pivoted away appropriately. The riving knife 2 performs a swift cutting process. In the arrangement of a riving knife 2 according to FIG. 5, the use of flat plate sections 2 "'adjoining the cutting edge 2"' results in a linear cutting process, while the use of arcuate plate sections 2 "", according to the embodiment in FIG. 6 , a progressive cutting process is effected.

Das Lagergehäuse 1 der Fig. 2 weist Auflager 3 auf, die durch lagergehäusefeste Auflagerabschnitte 3' und mindestens einen zu diesen verstellbaren Auflagerabschnitt 3" gebildet sind. Auf den Auflagerabschnitt 3" ist in Lochungen 15 eine Stützplatte 16 verstellbar aufgebracht. Das Lagergehäuse 1 weist außerdem Querarme 17, an die Laschen 8 festlegbar sind, sowie einen Zapfen 18 auf, der zur Fixierung des Lagergehäuses 1, wie in Fig. 3 gezeigt, in die Anhängekupplung 19 eines Traktors einbringbar ist. Schließlich sind noch Maßnahmen zum Spalten kurzer Holzstücke dadurch geschaffen, daß die Auflager 3 (Fig. 3) auf der Oberseite mit Rastenkörper 20 versehen sind, die durch Einpressen in die Umfangsfläche des Holzstücks 13 beim Spaltvorgang, dieses auf den Auflagern 3 festlegen.2 has supports 3 which are formed by support sections 3 'fixed to the support housing and at least one support section 3 ″ which can be adjusted relative to them. A support plate 16 is adjustably applied to the support section 3 ″ in perforations 15. The bearing housing 1 also has transverse arms 17, to which brackets 8 can be fixed, and a pin 18, which, as shown in FIG. 3, can be inserted into the trailer coupling 19 of a tractor to fix the bearing housing 1. Finally, measures for splitting short pieces of wood are created in that the supports 3 (FIG. 3) are provided on the upper side with catch bodies 20 which, by being pressed into the peripheral surface of the piece of wood 13 during the splitting process, fix it on the supports 3.

Es entspricht der Erfindung, unter Beibehaltung eines Stützrahmens 14 mit einem U-förmigen Lagergehäuse 1 und Auflager 3, die Befestigungsmittel für das Lagergehäuse, den verschiedenen Traktoren, bzw. Geräteträgern angepaßt auszubilden. Auch ist es möglich, unterschiedlich gestaltete Spaltkeile und Rückstellglieder vorzusehen. Letztlich läßt sich die Vorrichtung in verschiedenen Größen, entsprechend den Druckleistungen der Betätigungskolben für den Spaltkeil ausführen. Mit 21 sind Sicherheitsbügel bezeichnet, die an den Auflagern 3 fest oder lösbar fest angreifen, bzw. diese und die Holzstücke umfassen (Fig. 3).It corresponds to the invention, while maintaining a support frame 14 with a U-shaped bearing housing 1 and support 3, the fastening means for the bearing housing, adapted to the various tractors or implement carriers. It is also possible to provide differently designed riving knives and restoring elements. Ultimately, the device can be designed in different sizes, depending on the pressure output of the actuating piston for the riving knife. With 21 safety brackets are designated, which firmly or releasably engage the supports 3, or they encompass the pieces of wood (FIG. 3).

Bei der Vorrichtung der Fig. 7 lagert in einem, z. B. U-förmigen Lagergehäuse 1 eine mit einem Spaltkeil 2 fest verbundene Messerplatte 23. Die Messerplatte 23 greift hierzu mit Zapfen 24 an lagergehäusefesten Hülsen 25 drehbar an. Mittels eines in einem Hydraulikzylinder 10 geführten Kolbens 11, der mit messerplattenfesten Ansätzen 26 in Verbindung steht, ist die Messerplatte 23 entgegen der Wirkung einer Rückstellfeder 27, z. B. Schenkelfeder, gemeinsam mit dem Spaltkeil 2 in Richtung der Auflager 3 abschwenkbar. Die Vorspannung der Rückstellfe= der 27 ist so bemessen, daß bei Freigabe des Kolbens 11 ein Aufschwenken von Messerplatte 23 und Spaltkeil 2 erfolgt.In the device of Fig. 7 is stored in a, for. B. U-shaped bearing housing 1 a with a riving knife 2 fixed knife plate 23. The knife plate 23 engages for this purpose with pins 24 on sleeves 25 fixed to the bearing housing. By means of a guided in a hydraulic cylinder 10 piston 11, which is connected to the knife plate fixed lugs 26, the knife plate 23 against the action of a return spring 27, z. B. leg spring, together with the riving knife 2 in the direction of the support 3. The bias of the Rückstellfe = 27 is dimensioned such that when the piston 11 is released, the knife plate 23 and riving knife 2 swings open.

Zum Schneiden von Holzstücken werden diese zunächst auf die Auflager 3 aufgelegt und durch eine an diesen angesteckte Stütze 28 gehalten. Durch Einleiten von Druckmedium vor dem Kolben 11 wird dieser ausgeschoben und schwenkt die Messerplatte 23 mit Spaltkeil 2 in Uhrzeigerdrehrichtung. Die Messerplatte 23 wird dabei quer zum Fasernverlauf in das Holzstück 13 eingepreßt und trennt dieses. Die Messerplatte 23 ist, wie Fig. 9 zeigt, mit einer Schneidkante 23' und einer sich anschließenden Verbreiterung 23" versehen. Die Verbreiterung 23" übt beim Trennvorgang eine Keilwirkung auf die Holzstücke aus und bildet verbreiterte Trennfugen, wodurch der mit geringerer Dicke ausgeführte, der Schneidkante 23' abgewandte Teil 23"' der Messerplatte 23 einen problemlosen reibungsfreien Durchgang durch die Trennfuge erlaubt. Die Messerplatte 23 kann, wie in Fig. 8 gezeigt, durch eine Querplatte 29 versteift sein, an der der Ansatz oder die Ansätze 26 fest angreifen. In Fig. 8 ist an der Messerplatte 23 ein einziger Ansatz 26 als Angriffsstelle für einen Kolben 11 vorgesehen.To cut pieces of wood, they are first placed on the supports 3 and held by a support 28 attached to them. By introducing pressure medium in front of the piston 11, the latter is pushed out and swivels the knife plate 23 with the riving knife 2 in the clockwise direction of rotation. The knife plate 23 is pressed transversely to the grain of the wood piece 13 and separates it. 9 shows a cutting edge 23 'and a subsequent widening 23 ". The widening 23" exerts a wedge effect on the pieces of wood during the cutting process and forms widened parting lines, as a result of which the part 23 "'of the knife plate 23, which is of a smaller thickness and faces away from the cutting edge 23', permits problem-free, smooth passage through the parting line. The knife plate 23 can be stiffened by a cross plate 29, as shown in FIG on which the attachment or attachments 26. firmly engage, in FIG. 8 a single attachment 26 is provided on the knife plate 23 as a point of engagement for a piston 11.

Bei der Messerplatte der Fig. 10 ist der Spaltkeil 2 in Fortfall gebracht. Die Messerplatte 23 ist bei dieser Ausführungsform um die Länge des fehlenden Spaltkeils verlängert und erlaubt so im Durchmesser große Holzstücke zu trennen. Die Querplatte 29 ergibt dabei eine Axialversteifung der Messerplatte 23.In the knife plate of FIG. 10, the riving knife 2 has been eliminated. The knife plate 23 is extended in this embodiment by the length of the missing riving knife and thus allows large pieces of wood to be separated in diameter. The cross plate 29 results in an axial stiffening of the knife plate 23.

Die Fig. 11 zeigt eine Stütze 28 für die Holzstücke, die mittels eines Zapfens 30 in Ösen 31 oder Lochungen der Auflager 3 fixierbar ist (Fig. 7). Die Begrenzungsflächen 32, 33 der Stützen 28 sind zur Bildung von Einlaufschrägen schräg oder bogenförmig nach außen ausgestellt. Die Begrenzungsflächen 32, 33 ermöglichen so eine behinderungsfreie Beschickung der Vorrichtung mit Holzstücken. Ein noch an den Auflagern 3 angesteckter Längenanschlag 34 erlaubt, die Holzstücke mit gleichen Teillängen reproduzierbar aufzuteilen. Es versteht sich, daß die Messerplatte 23 mit beliebiger Höhe und Dikke, bevorzugt mit der Höhe des Spaltkeils ausgebildet sein kann.11 shows a support 28 for the pieces of wood, which can be fixed by means of a pin 30 in eyelets 31 or holes in the supports 3 (FIG. 7). The boundary surfaces 32, 33 of the supports 28 are inclined or curved outwards to form run-in slopes. The boundary surfaces 32, 33 thus enable the device to be loaded with pieces of wood without hindrance. A length stop 34 still attached to the supports 3 allows the pieces of wood with the same partial lengths to be reproducibly divided. It goes without saying that the knife plate 23 can be designed with any height and thickness, preferably with the height of the riving knife.

Zur Vermeidung eines Anstoßens des Spaltkeils 2 an das Holzstück beim Schneidvorgang kann der Spaltkeil 2 zur Schaffung von stirnseitigen Freiwinkeln mit zu den freien Enden hin schräg zurück sich erstreckenden Stirnseiten 35 ausgeführt sein. Zweckmäßig ist die Länge der Messerplatte 23 größer als der Durchmesser der Holzstücke gewählt, wodurch eine sichere Schneidwirkung auf die Holzstücke in einem Arbeitsgang erfolgt.To prevent the riving knife 2 from bumping against the piece of wood during the cutting process, the riving knife 2 can be designed with end faces 35 which extend obliquely back towards the free ends to create end clearance angles. The length of the knife plate 23 is expediently chosen to be greater than the diameter of the pieces of wood, as a result of which a reliable cutting action on the pieces of wood takes place in one operation.

Claims (12)

1. Device for splitting pieces of wood with a support (3) for the bearing housing (1) for the pieces of wood, which accomodates a splitting wedge (2) and which is fixed by means of strapping (8) and lugs (6, 18) to the chassis of an agricultural tractor and where by the splitting wedge (2) is connected to the moveable part of a hydraulic cylinder (10), characterized in that the bearing housing (1) engages with a protruding pin (18) below the housing, in the trailer coupling of the tractor and which can be attached by means of the strapping (8) to the front-end loader bearings (22) of the tractor and that the splitting wedge (2) is connected to the moveable part (11) of a hydraulic cylinder (10) which is part of the tractor and which can be brought into the neutral position by means of a re-setting spring (12, 17).
2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supports (3) for fixing short pieces of wood (13) have serrated components (20) or similar, on the sides facing the splitting wedge (2) which are fixed or adjustable.
3. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the splitting wedge (2) has a blade (2") which extende into the pivoting plane of the same and two wedges symetrically inclined in the opposite direction to the splitting direction.
4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the wedge bodies are formed by means of level plate sections (2"') which are connected by at least one web, at a distance, to the end which faces away from the blade (2").
5. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the wedge bodies are formed by means of bowed plate sections (2"') which extend to the open end and outwards and which are joined, at a distance, by at least one web, or similar, to the end which faces away from the blade (23").
6 Device according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the supports (3) have a bracket (21) or similar, which is either fixed or hinged and which reaches over the pieces of wood (13).
7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that, in line with the splitting wedge (2), which has a cutting plate (23) or similar, which is rigidly attached to the splitting wedge (2) (fig. 10).
8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the cutting edge (23') or the cutting plate (23") is terminated by means of a wedge-shaped wider-profiled cross section (23").
9. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that part (23") of the cutting plate (23), or similar, which faces away from the cutting edge (23') is such that lesser thicknesses can be increased (23").
10. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the splitting wedge (2) at the front ends (35) is short in order to form setting angles to the end which faces away from the cutting edge (23').
11. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the supports (3) are in the form of a detachable counter-support for support (28) for the pieces of wood, whose limiting faces (32, 33) which extend in the direction of pushing are inclined or bowed outwards.
12. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the cutting plate (23) replaces the splitting wedge (2) and has the lengths of the cutting plate (23) and the splitting wedge (2).
EP19800105441 1980-04-17 1980-09-12 Device for splitting pieces of wood Expired EP0038375B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT80105441T ATE10717T1 (en) 1980-04-17 1980-09-12 DEVICE FOR SPLITTING WOOD PIECES.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803014757 DE3014757A1 (en) 1980-04-17 1980-04-17 Splitting appliance for wood - has wedge pressed into fibre line, on support frame holding wood pieces
DE3014757 1980-04-17
DE3029592 1980-08-05
DE19803029592 DE3029592A1 (en) 1980-08-05 1980-08-05 Wood splitting and cutting machine - has rotatable sharp edged wedge in frame, actuated by power cylinder

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0038375A1 EP0038375A1 (en) 1981-10-28
EP0038375B1 true EP0038375B1 (en) 1984-12-12

Family

ID=25785004

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19800105441 Expired EP0038375B1 (en) 1980-04-17 1980-09-12 Device for splitting pieces of wood

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0038375B1 (en)
NZ (1) NZ196535A (en)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE8133713U1 (en) * 1981-11-19 1982-06-16 Veit, Gustav, 7771 Bonndorf DEVICE FOR SEPARATING AND SPLITTING FIREWOOD

Family Cites Families (12)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE155301C (en) *
DE362164C (en) * 1922-10-23 Ewald Lade Device for cutting logs
FR463816A (en) * 1913-10-18 1914-03-05 Eugene Debrosse Advanced device for splitting wood
FR908581A (en) * 1944-07-29 1946-04-12 Slitting wedge
US3295569A (en) * 1962-05-31 1967-01-03 Corlise M Sweet Machine for cutting wood with a fixed blade
US3285304A (en) * 1963-11-18 1966-11-15 Clyde H Fuller Log splitting and cutting machine
US3319675A (en) * 1965-04-23 1967-05-16 Sr Marcus J Bles Tractor carried log splitters
AT341758B (en) * 1975-07-08 1978-02-27 Heinreichsberger Leopold DEVICE FOR SPLITTING WOOD
US4112985A (en) * 1976-03-22 1978-09-12 Yvon Gosselin Hydraulic log splitter implement
US4073325A (en) * 1976-10-12 1978-02-14 Krom Jr Cecil Wood-splitting attachment
FR2380113A1 (en) * 1977-02-15 1978-09-08 Artigaud Michel Log splitting attachment mounted on tractor - has wedge mounted on hydraulic cylinder which extends vertically through C-shaped frame
CA1103131A (en) * 1978-01-27 1981-06-16 Michel A. Pierrat Log splitter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0038375A1 (en) 1981-10-28
NZ196535A (en) 1985-01-31

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