EP0038304B1 - Method of controlling a heating apparatus and heating apparatus controlled by this method - Google Patents

Method of controlling a heating apparatus and heating apparatus controlled by this method Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0038304B1
EP0038304B1 EP81810141A EP81810141A EP0038304B1 EP 0038304 B1 EP0038304 B1 EP 0038304B1 EP 81810141 A EP81810141 A EP 81810141A EP 81810141 A EP81810141 A EP 81810141A EP 0038304 B1 EP0038304 B1 EP 0038304B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
block
air
temperature
fan
water
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81810141A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0038304A1 (en
Inventor
Yves Trouilhet
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L'INDUSTRIELLE D'EQUIPEMENT
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L'INDUSTRIELLE D'EQUIPEMENT
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Priority to AT81810141T priority Critical patent/ATE8434T1/en
Publication of EP0038304A1 publication Critical patent/EP0038304A1/en
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Publication of EP0038304B1 publication Critical patent/EP0038304B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H9/00—Details
    • F24H9/20—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24H9/2064—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters
    • F24H9/2071—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for air heaters using electrical energy supply
    • F24H9/2078—Storage heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/258—Outdoor temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/37—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of electric heaters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0416—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer fluid being air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid
    • F24H7/04—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid
    • F24H7/0408—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply
    • F24H7/0433—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid with forced circulation of the transfer fluid using electrical energy supply the transfer medium being water

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for regulating a heating device comprising a thermal storage block, electrical resistors for heating this block, a closed air circulation circuit, a fan and a heat exchanger, as well as 'to a heating device incorporating means for implementing this method.
  • the heat storage heaters used to heat a central heating water circuit include means for adjusting the air flow rate through the accumulation block as a function of the desired temperature for the water. Since the temperature of the block which is heated by the electric current at night decreases during the day and the temperature of the water is a function of the outside temperature, the air flow can vary in significant proportions. In addition, the temperature of the storage block must be sufficient to provide the necessary power.
  • the existing solutions provide a probe in the block, the heating resistors of the block being energized as soon as the temperature of the block drops below a certain threshold.
  • this threshold must be set at a value sufficient to allow the nominal power for which the boiler was calculated to be supplied.
  • This power must therefore be capable of normally heating the water to 90 ° C, the temperature for which the radiators have been dimensioned taking into account maximum heat loss from the premises to be heated.
  • the available energy is still amply sufficient taking into account the power required. Consequently, the electrical supply to the block heating resistors is switched on at the daytime tariff while the energy reserve of the block is still sufficient to wait for switching on at the nightly tariff.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy at least partially the above-mentioned drawbacks.
  • the present invention firstly relates to a method of regulating a heating device comprising a thermal storage block, electrical resistors for heating this block, a closed air circulation circuit comprising channels convection through this block, connecting an air distribution channel and an air collecting channel, these two channels communicating with the outlet, respectively, the inlet of a fan on which the circuit closes, a heat exchanger air-water heat placed between the outlet of said collecting channel and the inlet of the ventilator and means for varying the proportion of the constant air flow of the ventilator sent through said block.
  • This process is characterized by the fact that a desired temperature for the water leaving said exchanger is determined as a function of the temperature of the outside air, and that said proportion of the air flow rate sent through the block is varied.
  • the invention also relates to a heating device of the type defined above, regulated by this method characterized in that it comprises a bypass passage which connects the outlet of said fan to the outlet of said air collecting channel a fan air flow distribution member being mounted oscillating between a limit position for closing the inlet of said distribution channel and a limit position for closing said bypass passage, the latter position determining the energizing of the electrical resistances during during daytime hours, a drive member being connected to this distribution member to move it between its two limit positions, this drive member being controlled by a regulator associated with a first probe for measuring the temperature of the water at the output of said exchanger, and to a second probe for measuring the temperature of the outside ambient air and that this regulator is arranged to determine said temperature d water as a function of the outside air temperature.
  • the method according to the invention makes it possible to provide an adjustable power from a constant flow rate of the fan and according to the desired temperature for the water.
  • this method has the advantage of controlling the daytime engagement of the heating resistors of the accumulation block as a function of the power drawn off and not as a function of the temperature of the block. Thanks to this feature, the usable energy capacity of the unit is increased, especially in mid-season when the power required decreases due to the increase in the outdoor ambient temperature. This therefore leads to a more rational use of the stored energy, advantageous both for the user and for the electric current distributor.
  • the single figure of the appended drawing illustrates, by way of example, an embodiment of a regulation scheme for the heating device which is the subject of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 very schematically represents the essential elements of a storage heater comprising an insulating casing 1 enclosing a storage block 2 in which are distributed electrical heating resistors 3 supplied by a common distribution rail 4. Channels of air circulation (not shown) pass through this block to connect a distribution channel 5 and a collecting channel 6. These channels communicate respectively with the outlet and the inlet of a fan 7, inlet in front of which is a heat exchanger 8 of a central heating circuit 9.
  • a bypass passage 10 is provided under the accumulation block 2 and a distribution flap 11 is mounted oscillating around an axis 12 between a position for closing the bypass passage 10 and a position for closing the distribution channel 5.
  • a synchronous servo motor 13 connected to a regulating member 14 controls the angular position of the distribution flap 11.
  • This gold control gane 14 is connected, in this example, to a probe 15 placed in the central heating circuit 9 upstream of the radiators and to a probe 16 placed either outside or inside the room to be heated to measure the room temperature and determine the water temperature.
  • the electrical supply circuit comprises a part supplying the electrical resistors 3 and controlled by a clock 17 connected to a day / night switch 23.
  • a switch 18 is arranged in the “day” portion of the supply circuit and is connected to the shutter distribution 11 so that it closes this switch in the closed position of the bypass passage 10, so as to switch on the electrical heating resistors 3.
  • a safety switch 19 is still placed in the part of this supply circuit resistors 3, common to the day / night portions of this circuit. This switch 19 is connected to a probe 20 for measuring the temperature of the block, to prevent this temperature from exceeding a certain limit.
  • Another part of the supply circuit is connected to the fan 7 and to a circulator 21 via the regulating member 14.
  • a safety switch 22 is disposed in this part of the supply circuit and is connected to the probe 15 to cut the fan 7 in the event that the water temperature becomes abnormally high, for example in the event of blockage of the distribution flap 11.
  • a switch 24, placed in the supply circuit of the fan 7, is open when the distribution flap 11 closes the distribution channel 5.
  • the accumulation block 2 is heated to its maximum temperature, ie 650 ° C.
  • the regulator 14 displays the water temperature of the central heating circuit as a function of the outside temperature measured by the probe 16 and it compares the water temperature measured by the probe 15 with the displayed temperature.
  • the regulating member 14 actuates the servomotor 13 in one direction or the other depending on whether the measured temperature of the water is too high or not, decreasing, respectively increasing the cross section between the outlet of the fan 7 and the distribution channel 5, increasing respectively decreasing the inlet section of the bypass passage 10.
  • This regulation process makes it possible to constantly adapt the power drawn from the accumulation block 2 to the desired temperature of the water in the heating circuit, by modifying the mass flow of air through this block 2.
  • the power drawn is just sufficient to heat the water so that following the gradual cooling of the accumulation block 2, the power will quickly become insufficient.
  • the distribution flap 11 closes the switch 18, ensuring the daytime supply of the electrical resistances 3 of the accumulation block 2, just that its temperature is sufficient to produce a displacement of the distribution flap 11 in reverse.
  • the control of the daytime restart of the heating of the block according to the drawn off power makes it possible to save in daytime current. Indeed if we consider that the block is heated to 650 ° C overnight in this example, it has a nominal power of 18 KW calculated to heat the water of the central heating circuit to 90 ° C. The minimum temperature at which the block can supply this power is 250 ° C. If the daytime restart of the block heater was controlled by the temperature of this block, it would therefore be necessary to trigger this restart each time the block reaches this temperature.
  • the energy contained in the block at 250 ° C is still largely sufficient and it has been calculated that the block can provide the desired power until its temperature drops to 150 ° C.
  • the regulation system described therefore makes it possible to take maximum advantage of a given storage volume and leads to faster amortization of the cost of the accumulation block.
  • the calculation of the volume of this block can also be optimized due to the increased average storage capacity taking into account this regulation system.
  • the passage section controlled by the distribution flap is substantially constant, the increase in the section of one of the openings automatically coinciding with a corresponding decrease of the passage section of the other opening allowing precise adjustment of the respective flow rates, the total pressure drop remaining constant through the two openings for the passage of air leaving the fan.
  • the fan which operates at a constant speed is also subjected to a substantially constant load.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Steam Or Hot-Water Central Heating Systems (AREA)
  • Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)
  • Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
  • Heating, Cooling, Or Curing Plastics Or The Like In General (AREA)

Abstract

The apparatus comprises an accumulation block (2) heated by resistances (3). A fan (7) circulates air in a closed circuit through the block (2) and through an air-water heat exchanger (8). A regulator (14) measures the temperature of the water by means of a probe (15) and the air temperature by means of a probe (16) which is used for determining the water temperature. A synchronous servo motor (13) connected to the regulator (14) determines the position of an air distribution flap (11) as a function of the power required for heating the water by deviating a portion of the air stream through a deviation passage (10). When the flap (11) closes completely said passage, it simultaneously closes a switch (18) for supplying the heating resistances (3) of the block (2).

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

L'invention se rapporte à un procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage comprenant un bloc de stockage thermique, des résistances électriques pour chauffer ce bloc, un circuit fermé de circulation d'air, un ventilateur et un échangeur de chaleur, ainsi qu'à un appareil de chauffage incorporant des moyens pour la mise en oeuvre de ce procédé.The invention relates to a method for regulating a heating device comprising a thermal storage block, electrical resistors for heating this block, a closed air circulation circuit, a fan and a heat exchanger, as well as 'to a heating device incorporating means for implementing this method.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Les appareils de chauffage à stockage thermique utilisés pour chauffer un circuit d'eau de chauffage central comportent des moyens de réglage du débit d'air à travers le bloc d'accumulation en fonction de la température desirée pour l'eau. Etant donné que la température du bloc qui est chauffé par le courant électrique de nuit diminue au cours de la journée et que la température de l'eau est fonction de la température extérieure, le débit d'air peut varier dans des proportions importantes. En outre, la température du bloc d'accumulation doit être suffisante pour fournir la puissance nécessaire.The heat storage heaters used to heat a central heating water circuit include means for adjusting the air flow rate through the accumulation block as a function of the desired temperature for the water. Since the temperature of the block which is heated by the electric current at night decreases during the day and the temperature of the water is a function of the outside temperature, the air flow can vary in significant proportions. In addition, the temperature of the storage block must be sufficient to provide the necessary power.

Il a déjà été proposé par le brevet CH 596 507 par exemple, de régler le débit d'air en variant la vitesse du ventilateur de circulation. Une telle solution n'est pas techniquement satisfaisante, un ventilateur étant calculé pour fonctionner à un régime donné. On a par ailleurs proposé, dans le DE-OS 1 579 781 et dans le DE-OS 1 817 126, defixerla température de l'air par un organe déflecteur contrôlé par un bilame destiné à dévier une partie de l'air du bloc d'accumulation pour maintenir constante la température de l'air passant à travers l'échangeur de chaleur. Une telle solution n'est pas applicable au cas de régulation qui nous intéresse étant donné que le température de l'eau doit pouvoir être adaptée aux conditions atmosphériques.It has already been proposed by patent CH 596 507 for example, to regulate the air flow by varying the speed of the circulation fan. Such a solution is not technically satisfactory, a fan being calculated to operate at a given speed. It has also been proposed, in DE-OS 1,579,781 and in DE-OS 1,817,126, to set the air temperature by a deflector member controlled by a bimetallic strip intended to deflect part of the air from the block d accumulation to maintain constant the temperature of the air passing through the heat exchanger. Such a solution is not applicable to the case of regulation which interests us since the water temperature must be able to be adapted to atmospheric conditions.

En ce qui concerne la température du bloc d'accumulation, les solutions existantes prévoient une sonde dans le bloc, les résistances de chauffage du bloc étant mises sous tension dès que la température du bloc descend au-dessous d'un certain seuil. Or ce seuil doit être fixé à une valeur suffisante pour permettre de fournir la puissance nominale pour laquelle la chaudière a été calculée. Cette puissance doit donc être apte à chauffer normalement l'eau à 90°C, température pour laquelle les radiateurs ont été dimensionnés compte tenu d'une déperdition thermique maximum des locaux à chauffer. Or, la plupart du temps, l'énergie disponible est encore amplement suffisante compte tenu de la puissance nécessaire. Par conséquent, l'alimentation électrique des résistances de chauffage du bloc est enclenchée au tarif diurne alors que la réserve d'énergie du bloc est encore suffisante pour attendre l'enclenchement au tarif nocturne.With regard to the temperature of the accumulation block, the existing solutions provide a probe in the block, the heating resistors of the block being energized as soon as the temperature of the block drops below a certain threshold. However, this threshold must be set at a value sufficient to allow the nominal power for which the boiler was calculated to be supplied. This power must therefore be capable of normally heating the water to 90 ° C, the temperature for which the radiators have been dimensioned taking into account maximum heat loss from the premises to be heated. However, most of the time, the available energy is still amply sufficient taking into account the power required. Consequently, the electrical supply to the block heating resistors is switched on at the daytime tariff while the energy reserve of the block is still sufficient to wait for switching on at the nightly tariff.

Exposé de l'inventionStatement of the invention

Le but de la présente invention est de remédier au moins partiellement, aux inconvénients sus-mentionnés.The object of the present invention is to remedy at least partially the above-mentioned drawbacks.

A cet effet, la présente invention a tout d'abord pour objet un procédé de régulation d'un appareil de chauffage comprenant un bloc de stockage thermique, des résistances électriques pour chauffer ce bloc, un circuit fermé de circulation d'air comprenant des canaux de convection à travers ce bloc, reliant un canal de distribution d'air et un canal collecteur d'air, ces deux canaux communiquant avec la sortie, respectivement, l'entrée d'un ventilateur sur lequel le circuit se referme, un échangeur de chaleur air-eau placé entre la sortie dudit canal collecteur et l'entrée du ventilateur et des moyens pour varier la proportion du débit d'air constant du ventilateur envoyé à travers ledit bloc. Ce procédé est caractérisé par le fait que l'on détermine une température désirée pour l'eau sortant dudit échangeur en fonction de la température de l'air extérieur, que l'on varie ladite proportion du débit d'air envoyée à travers le bloc d'accumulation en fonction de cette température désirée, que l'on enclenche les résistances électriques de chauffage du bloc dès que le débit d'air envoyé à travers le bloc, nécessaire pour atteindre cette température désirée de l'eau est égale au débit d'air du ventilateur, et que l'on débranche les résistances électriques dès qu'une portion seulement du débit d'air du ventilateur est envoyée à travers le bloc.To this end, the present invention firstly relates to a method of regulating a heating device comprising a thermal storage block, electrical resistors for heating this block, a closed air circulation circuit comprising channels convection through this block, connecting an air distribution channel and an air collecting channel, these two channels communicating with the outlet, respectively, the inlet of a fan on which the circuit closes, a heat exchanger air-water heat placed between the outlet of said collecting channel and the inlet of the ventilator and means for varying the proportion of the constant air flow of the ventilator sent through said block. This process is characterized by the fact that a desired temperature for the water leaving said exchanger is determined as a function of the temperature of the outside air, and that said proportion of the air flow rate sent through the block is varied. of accumulation as a function of this desired temperature, that the electrical heating resistances of the block are switched on as soon as the air flow sent through the block, necessary to reach this desired temperature of water is equal to the flow d air from the fan, and the electrical resistances are disconnected as soon as only a portion of the fan's air flow is sent through the block.

L'invention a également pour objet un appareil de chauffage du type défini ci-dessus, régulé par ce procédé caractérisé par le fait qu'il comporte un passage de dérivation qui relie la sortie dudit ventilateur à la sortie dudit canal collecteur d'air un organe de répartition du débit d'air du ventilateur étant monté oscillant entre une position limite de fermeture de l'entrée dudit canal de distribution et une position limite de fermeture dudit passage de dérivation, cette dernière position déterminant la mise sous tension des résistances électriques durant les heures diurnes, un organe d'entraînement étant relié à cet organe de répartition pour le déplacer entre ses deux positions limites, cet organe d'entraînement étant commandé par un régulateur associé à une première sonde de mesure de la température de l'eau à la sortie dudit échangeur, et à une seconde sonde de mesure de la température de l'air ambiant extérieur et que ce régulateur est agencé pour déterminer ladite température désirée de l'eau en fonction de la température de l'air extérieur.The invention also relates to a heating device of the type defined above, regulated by this method characterized in that it comprises a bypass passage which connects the outlet of said fan to the outlet of said air collecting channel a fan air flow distribution member being mounted oscillating between a limit position for closing the inlet of said distribution channel and a limit position for closing said bypass passage, the latter position determining the energizing of the electrical resistances during during daytime hours, a drive member being connected to this distribution member to move it between its two limit positions, this drive member being controlled by a regulator associated with a first probe for measuring the temperature of the water at the output of said exchanger, and to a second probe for measuring the temperature of the outside ambient air and that this regulator is arranged to determine said temperature d water as a function of the outside air temperature.

Le procédé, selon l'invention, permet de fournir une puissance réglable à partir d'un débit constant du ventilateur et en fonction de la température désirée pour l'eau. De plus, ce procédé présente l'avantage de commander l'enclenchement diurne des résistances de chauffage du bloc d'accumulation en fonction de la puissance soutirée et non en fonction de la température du bloc. Grâce à cette particularité, la capacité énergétique utilisable du bloc est accrue, notamment en demi-saison lorsque la puissance nécessaire diminue en raison de l'augmentation de la température ambiante extérieure. Ceci conduit donc à une utilisation plus rationnelle de l'énergie stockée, intéressante aussi bien pour lutilisateur que pour le distributeur de courant électrique.The method according to the invention makes it possible to provide an adjustable power from a constant flow rate of the fan and according to the desired temperature for the water. In addition, this method has the advantage of controlling the daytime engagement of the heating resistors of the accumulation block as a function of the power drawn off and not as a function of the temperature of the block. Thanks to this feature, the usable energy capacity of the unit is increased, especially in mid-season when the power required decreases due to the increase in the outdoor ambient temperature. This therefore leads to a more rational use of the stored energy, advantageous both for the user and for the electric current distributor.

Brève description de la figureBrief description of the figure

La figure unique du dessin annexé illustre, à titre d'exemple, une forme d'exécution d'un schéma de régularisation de l'appareil de chauffage objet de la présente invention.The single figure of the appended drawing illustrates, by way of example, an embodiment of a regulation scheme for the heating device which is the subject of the present invention.

Meilleure manière de réaliser l'inventionBest way to realize the invention

Cette figure représente très schématiquement les éléments essentiels d'un appareil de chauffage à accumulation comprenant un carter isolant 1 renfermant un bloc d'accumulation 2 dans lequel sont réparties des résistances électriques de chauffage 3 alimentées par une rampe de distribution commune 4. Des canaux de circulation d'air (non représentés) traversent ce bloc pour relier un canal de distribution 5 et un canal collecteur 6. Ces canaux communiquent respectivement avec la sortie et l'entrée d'un ventilateur 7, entrée devant laquelle se trouve un échangeur de chaleur 8 d'un circuit de chauffage central 9. Un passage de dérivation 10 est ménagé sous le bloc d'accumulation 2 et un volet de répartition 11 est monté oscillant autour d'un axe 12 entre une position d'obturation du passage de dérivation 10 et une position d'obturation du canal de distribution 5. Un servo-moteur synchrone 13 relié à un organe de régulation 14 commande la position angulaire du volet de répartition 11. Cet organe de régulation 14 est relié, dans cet exemple, à une sonde 15 placée dans le circuit de chauffage central 9 en amont des radiateurs et à une sonde 16 placée soit à l'extérieur soit à l'intérieur du local à chauffer pour mesurer la température ambiante et déterminer la température de l'eau.This figure very schematically represents the essential elements of a storage heater comprising an insulating casing 1 enclosing a storage block 2 in which are distributed electrical heating resistors 3 supplied by a common distribution rail 4. Channels of air circulation (not shown) pass through this block to connect a distribution channel 5 and a collecting channel 6. These channels communicate respectively with the outlet and the inlet of a fan 7, inlet in front of which is a heat exchanger 8 of a central heating circuit 9. A bypass passage 10 is provided under the accumulation block 2 and a distribution flap 11 is mounted oscillating around an axis 12 between a position for closing the bypass passage 10 and a position for closing the distribution channel 5. A synchronous servo motor 13 connected to a regulating member 14 controls the angular position of the distribution flap 11. This gold control gane 14 is connected, in this example, to a probe 15 placed in the central heating circuit 9 upstream of the radiators and to a probe 16 placed either outside or inside the room to be heated to measure the room temperature and determine the water temperature.

Le circuit d'alimentation électrique comporte une partie alimentant les résistances électriques 3 et commandée par une horloge 17 reliée à un commutateur jour/nuit 23. Un interrupteur 18 est disposé dans la portion «jour» du circuit d'alimentation et est relié au volet de répartition 11 pour que celui-ci ferme cet interrupteur en position d'obturation du passage de dérivation 10, de manière à enchlencher les résistances électriques de chauffage 3. Un interrupteur de sécurité 19 est encore placé dans la partie de ce circuit d'alimentation des résistances 3, commune aux portions jour/nuit de ce circuit. Cet interrupteur 19 est relié à une sonde 20 de mesure de la température du bloc, pour éviter que cette température ne dépasse une certaine limite. Une autre partie du circuit d'alimentation est branchée au ventilateur 7 et à un circulateur 21 par l'intermédiaire de l'organe de régulation 14. Un interrupteur de sécurité 22 est disposé dans cette partie du circuit d'alimentation et est relié à la sonde 15 pour couper le ventilateur 7 au cas où la température de l'eau deviendrait anormalement élevée, par exemple en cas de blocage du volet de répartition 11. Un interrupteur 24, placé dans le circuit d'alimentation du ventilateur 7, est ouvert lorsque le volet de répartition 11 ferme le canal de distribution 5.The electrical supply circuit comprises a part supplying the electrical resistors 3 and controlled by a clock 17 connected to a day / night switch 23. A switch 18 is arranged in the “day” portion of the supply circuit and is connected to the shutter distribution 11 so that it closes this switch in the closed position of the bypass passage 10, so as to switch on the electrical heating resistors 3. A safety switch 19 is still placed in the part of this supply circuit resistors 3, common to the day / night portions of this circuit. This switch 19 is connected to a probe 20 for measuring the temperature of the block, to prevent this temperature from exceeding a certain limit. Another part of the supply circuit is connected to the fan 7 and to a circulator 21 via the regulating member 14. A safety switch 22 is disposed in this part of the supply circuit and is connected to the probe 15 to cut the fan 7 in the event that the water temperature becomes abnormally high, for example in the event of blockage of the distribution flap 11. A switch 24, placed in the supply circuit of the fan 7, is open when the distribution flap 11 closes the distribution channel 5.

Pendant les heures de nuit, le bloc d'accumulation 2 est chauffé à sa température maximum soit 650°C. L'organe de régulation 14 affiche la température de l'eau du circuit de chauffage central en fonction de la température extérieure mesurée par la sonde 16 et il compare la température de l'eau mesurée par la sonde 15 à la température affichée. L'organe régulateur 14 actionne le servo-moteur 13 dans un sens ou dans l'autre suivant que la température mesurée de l'eau est trop élevée ou non, diminuant, respectivement augmentant la section de passage entre la sortie du ventilateur 7 et le canal de distribution 5, augmentant respectivement diminuant la section d'entrée du passage de dérivation 10.During the night hours, the accumulation block 2 is heated to its maximum temperature, ie 650 ° C. The regulator 14 displays the water temperature of the central heating circuit as a function of the outside temperature measured by the probe 16 and it compares the water temperature measured by the probe 15 with the displayed temperature. The regulating member 14 actuates the servomotor 13 in one direction or the other depending on whether the measured temperature of the water is too high or not, decreasing, respectively increasing the cross section between the outlet of the fan 7 and the distribution channel 5, increasing respectively decreasing the inlet section of the bypass passage 10.

Ce procédé de régulation permet d'adapter constamment la puissance soutirée du bloc d'accumulation 2 à la température désirée de l'eau du circuit de chauffage, en modifiant le débit massique d'air à travers ce bloc 2. Au moment où le volet de répartition 11 ferme complètement le passage de dérivation 10, la puissance soutirée est juste suffisante pour chauffer l'eau de sorte que suite au refroidissement progressif du bloc d'accumulation 2, la puissance deviendra rapidement insuffisante. C'est pourquoi le volet de répartition 11 ferme l'interrupteur 18, assurant l'alimentation diurne des résistances électriques 3 du bloc d'accumulation 2, just'à ce que sa température soit suffisante pour produire un déplacement du volet de répartition 11 en sens inverse.This regulation process makes it possible to constantly adapt the power drawn from the accumulation block 2 to the desired temperature of the water in the heating circuit, by modifying the mass flow of air through this block 2. When the shutter distribution 11 completely closes the bypass passage 10, the power drawn is just sufficient to heat the water so that following the gradual cooling of the accumulation block 2, the power will quickly become insufficient. This is why the distribution flap 11 closes the switch 18, ensuring the daytime supply of the electrical resistances 3 of the accumulation block 2, just that its temperature is sufficient to produce a displacement of the distribution flap 11 in reverse.

La commande de la relance diurne du chauffage du bloc en fonction de la puissance soutirée permet de faire des économies en courant de jour. En effet si on considère que le bloc est chauffé à 650°C durant la nuit dans cet exemple, il a une puissance nominale de 18 KW calculée pour chauffer l'eau du circuit de chauffage central à 90°C. La température minimum à laquelle le bloc peut fournir cette puissance est de 250°C. Si la relance diurne du chauffage du bloc était commandée par la température de ce bloc, il faudrait donc provoquer cette relance chaque fois que le bloc atteindrait cette température.The control of the daytime restart of the heating of the block according to the drawn off power makes it possible to save in daytime current. Indeed if we consider that the block is heated to 650 ° C overnight in this example, it has a nominal power of 18 KW calculated to heat the water of the central heating circuit to 90 ° C. The minimum temperature at which the block can supply this power is 250 ° C. If the daytime restart of the block heater was controlled by the temperature of this block, it would therefore be necessary to trigger this restart each time the block reaches this temperature.

Or, si en raison de la température extérieure l'eau ne doit être chauffé qu'à 70°C, nécessitant une puissance de 9 KW, l'énergie contenue dans le bloc à 250° C est encore largement suffisante et on a calculé que le bloc pourra fournir la puissance désirée jusqu'à ce que sa température s'abaisse à 150°C.However, if due to the outside temperature the water should only be heated to 70 ° C, requiring a power of 9 KW, the energy contained in the block at 250 ° C is still largely sufficient and it has been calculated that the block can provide the desired power until its temperature drops to 150 ° C.

Le système de régulation décrit permet donc de tirer parti au maximum d'un volume de stockage donné et conduit à un amortissement plus rapide du coût du bloc d'accumulation. Le calcul du volume de ce bloc peut en outre être optimalisé en raison de la capacité moyenne de stockage accrue compte tenu de ce système de régulation.The regulation system described therefore makes it possible to take maximum advantage of a given storage volume and leads to faster amortization of the cost of the accumulation block. The calculation of the volume of this block can also be optimized due to the increased average storage capacity taking into account this regulation system.

Parmi les avantages de l'appareil de chauffage objet de cette invention, il faut également relever que la section de passage commandée par le volte de répartition est sensiblement constante, l'augmentation de la section d'une des ouvertures coïncidant automatiquement à une diminution correspondante de la section de passage de l'autre ouverture permettant de faire un réglage précis des débits respectifs, la perte de charge totale restant constante à travers les deux ouvertures de passage de l'air sortant du ventilateur. De ce fait, le ventilateur qui travaille à une vitesse constante est soumis à une charge aussi sensiblement constante.Among the advantages of the heater object of this invention, it should also be noted that the passage section controlled by the distribution flap is substantially constant, the increase in the section of one of the openings automatically coinciding with a corresponding decrease of the passage section of the other opening allowing precise adjustment of the respective flow rates, the total pressure drop remaining constant through the two openings for the passage of air leaving the fan. As a result, the fan which operates at a constant speed is also subjected to a substantially constant load.

Claims (3)

1. Process for the regulation of a heating apparatus comprising a heat storage block (2), electrical resistors (3) to heat this block, an air circulation closed circuit comprising convection channels through this block connecting an air distribution channel (5) and an air collector channel (6), these two channels communicating with the output, respectively the input of a fan (7) on which the circuit closes, an air-water heat exchanger (8) located between the outlet of said collecting channel and the input to the fan, and means (11-13) for varying the proportion of the constant air flow from the fan flown through said block, characterized by the fact that one determines a desired temperature for the water coming out of said exchanger as a function of the outside air temperature, that he varies said proportion of air flow sent through the storage block as a function of said desired temperature, that he turns on the block heating electrical resistors as soon as the rate of air flow sent through the block and required to attain this desired water temperature is equal to the air flow rate of the fan, and he turns off the electrical resistors after only a portion of the air flow of the fan is flown through the block.
2. Heating apparatus defined in the first part of claim 1 and regulated by the process according to the characterizing part of claim 1, characterized by the fact that it comprises a by-pass (10) which connects the output of said fan (7) to the outlet of said air collector channels, an element (11) for distributing the air flow of the fan being installed for shifting from a limit closing position of the inlet of said air distribution channel to a limit closing position of said by-pass, this last position being determining for turning on the electrical resistors during day time, a driving element (13) being connected to this distribution element for the shifting thereof between its two end positions, this driving element being under control from a regulator (14) associated with a first sensor (15) for measuring the water temperature at the outlet of said heat exchanger and a second sensor (16) for measuring the external air ambient temperature, and that this regulator is adapted for determining said desired water temperature as a function of the external air temperature.
3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that said position for closing the input of said distribution channel causes the fan to stop.
EP81810141A 1980-04-15 1981-04-14 Method of controlling a heating apparatus and heating apparatus controlled by this method Expired EP0038304B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81810141T ATE8434T1 (en) 1980-04-15 1981-04-14 METHOD OF CONTROLLING A HEATING APPLIANCE AND HEATING APPLIANCE CONTROLLED BY THIS METHOD.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2886/80 1980-04-15
CH288680A CH635667A5 (en) 1980-04-15 1980-04-15 METHOD OF CONTROLLING A HEATING APPARATUS AND CONTROLLING DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PROCESS.

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EP0038304A1 EP0038304A1 (en) 1981-10-21
EP0038304B1 true EP0038304B1 (en) 1984-07-11

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EP81810141A Expired EP0038304B1 (en) 1980-04-15 1981-04-14 Method of controlling a heating apparatus and heating apparatus controlled by this method

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EP (1) EP0038304B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE8434T1 (en)
CH (1) CH635667A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3164677D1 (en)
WO (1) WO1981003060A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0171028A3 (en) * 1984-08-07 1987-09-09 Heinz Proske Heating plant
GB2586625B (en) * 2019-08-29 2021-08-25 Tepeo Ltd A storage boiler

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1579781A1 (en) * 1965-07-28 1970-09-10 Roesen Wilhelm Substructure for electric heat block storage
BE826231A (en) * 1975-03-04 1975-09-04 Acec ELECTRIC STOVE WITH A HEAT ACCUMULATION AND / OR RESTITUTION ADJUSTMENT DEVICE

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CH635667A5 (en) 1983-04-15
ATE8434T1 (en) 1984-07-15
EP0038304A1 (en) 1981-10-21
DE3164677D1 (en) 1984-08-16
WO1981003060A1 (en) 1981-10-29

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