EP0014612A1 - Method and apparatus for the regulation of a heating installation for rooms - Google Patents

Abstract

The device comprises a comparator (9) which controls the functioning of the boiler (1) as a function of the difference between a first reference value displayed at (8) and the temperature of return water measured by the probe (7). The first reference value is displayed by a regulator (10) as a function of the difference between a second reference value displayed at (11) and a function of the ambient temperatures measured by the probes (12). The boiler (1) is controlled overridingly from the probe (14) for the temperature of water leaving the boiler (1), if one of the thermocontacts (15) and (16), which are respectively adjusted to an external temperature threshold and an internal surface temperature threshold of an external wall, is closed. <IMAGE>

Description

The subject of the invention is a method and a device for regulating the operation of a space heating installation, of the central heating type. Heating installations of this type include, conventionally, a boiler in which is heated a heat-transfer fluid, most often water, which circulates in a heating circuit, comprising radiators arranged in the premises to be heated, and looped over the boiler in which the fluid is returned.

By German patent 1,112,620, devices for regulating the operation of such installations are already known, in which a temperature probe, disposed on the return to the boiler, controls the stopping or respectively the putting into operation of the boiler when the measured temperature reaches a maximum set value or respectively a minimum set value, regulation is thus carried out taking into account the temperature of the water returning to the boiler. In addition, it is known from German patent 1 208 465 to control the fuel supply valve of the boiler of such a heating installation by two power supply lines in parallel, on one of which are mounted in series ur thermal switch, set to a higher temperature set point value, and a thermostat set to a lower temperature set point value, while on the other line are mounted in series a second thermal switch, set to a lower temperature set point value , and a second thermostat set to a higher temperature setpoint value, the two thermal contacts being controlled by a water temperature probe in the heating probe which can be arranged both at the outlet and at the inlet of the boiler, while the two thermostats are controlled by an ambient temperature sensor.

It is clear that these known regulating devices take account of the inertia of the heating installation, and in particular of its water loop. However, they do not take into account the heat inputs, the heat losses as well as the thermal inertia of the entire system which constitute the building in which the premises to be heated are located as well as the building environment.

For example, a consequent drop in the temperature outside the building, and detected by an outside temperature sensor, can command an increase in the threshold at which the temperature of the fluid, measured, either at the outlet of the boiler, or at the return to the boiler, must be worn, which can respectively cause either a premature start-up of the boiler, with an increase in the ambient temperature of the premises beyond the desired temperature, or, on the contrary, a delayed start-up, with a drop of ambient temperature below the desired temperature, thermal if the inertia of the building is significant and the walls have respectively, either stored, or restored a significant amount of heat. Consequently, the regulations thus ensured are neither precise nor economical, while frequently controlling the stopping or starting of the boiler.

In addition, these regulations, which effectively take into account the desire that the occupants of the premises may express to maintain certain well-determined temperatures in the latter, by increasing or decreasing the first set value, relating to the water temperature, according to that the ambient temperature, or a function of the ambient temperatures in the rooms to be heated, is lower or higher than the second setpoint, relating to the ambient air in the rooms, does not take any measure to maintain the thermal inertia of the system , and, in particular, the heat load of the building, especially when the latter are unoccupied.

By the present invention, it is proposed to remedy these drawbacks, by proposing a method and a device ensuring more precise and more economical regulation, without having to know precisely the heat exchanges developing between the building and its environment, depending on outdoor temperature, sunshine, wind or rain.

To this end, the process for regulating the operation of a space heating installation according to the invention is characterized in that it consists, moreover, in firstly controlling the start-up of the boiler so that the temperature of the heated fluid leaving the boiler is not less than a first given temperature threshold, this priority order being fulfilled as soon as the external wall temperature and / or the internal wall temperature of an external wall of the premises are / is lower than a second and a third temperature threshold respectively.

In order to avoid any premature start-up of the boiler or possibly any continuation of its operation at high speed, when a momentary drop in temperature is detected in one, for example, of the premises, while the thermal load of the building is good, the method according to the invention also consists in limiting the temperature of the fluid returning to the boiler to a certain value, by prohibiting the variation of the first setpoint value beyond this value, if a function of the temperature external wall temperature and the internal wall temperature of an external wall of the premises, is greater, to within a neutral range, than a third set value. It is then advantageous for the boiler to be put into operation as a priority as soon as the function of the internal wall temperature and the external wall temperature is less, to within a neutral range, than the third set value.

This process is easy to implement if it consists, for example, in varying the first set value from a low range to a high range if the second set value, having become greater than ambient temperature, or at a function of the ambient temperatures of the premises to be heated, increased by a first threshold, becomes greater than this ambient temperature, or this function of the ambient temperatures, increased by a second threshold, greater than the first,

The invention also relates to a device for implementing the control method according to the invention, for a central heating installation equipped with a combustion boiler as safe by a burner.

This device comprises a first device for displaying a first temperature setpoint, and a first temperature probe, measuring the temperature of the fluid on return to the boiler, both transmitting their information to a comparator controlling the closing or the opening of a boiler burner ignition switch, depending on whether the temperature measured by the first probe is respectively lower or higher than the first setpoint given by the first display device, as well as a second device display of a second set value which corresponds to the desired ambient temperature when the premises are occupied, so that the first set value is respectively increased or decreased depending on whether the temperature measured, or a function of the temperatures measured , by one or more ambient temperature sensors, is respectively lower or higher than the second setpoint, and is characterized in that the display of the first set value on the first display device is controlled by a regulator connected, on the one hand, to the room temperature probe (s), and, on the other hand, to the second display device, a second temperature probe, measuring the temperature of the heated fluid leaving the boiler, and sensitive to a first temperature threshold, being connected to the control comparator of the burner ignition switch by a circuit likely to be closed to prioritize the operation of the boiler so that the temperature measured by the second probe is not less than the first threshold temperature.

Maintaining a minimum thermal load will be ensured by a first thermal switch, sensitive to a second temperature threshold and arranged on the external wall of one of the external walls of the premises, coming, as soon as the external temperature is lower than the second threshold temperature, close the circuit connecting the control comparator of the burner ignition switch to the second temperature sensor, to give priority control to the operation of the boiler.

In a preferred embodiment, a second thermal switch, sensitive to a third temperature threshold, and arranged on the internal wall of an external wall of the premises, is mounted in parallel with the first thermal contact on the circuit connecting the second temperature probe to the comparator, and comes to close this circuit when the internal wall temperature of the wall is lower than the third temperature threshold, to also control with priority the operation of the boiler.

The intervention of the thermal switches, to control the boiler as a priority, must be carried out during the period of vacancy of the premises, the device can be arranged so that it is only possible to priority control the operation of the boiler if the second value set point has previously been brought to a fourth temperature threshold, corresponding to the maintenance temperature to be maintained in unoccupied premises. In an alternative embodiment, the device according to the invention, comprising a first device for displaying a first set value consisting of two thermal switches, controlled by a pre first temperature probe measuring the temperature of the fluid returning to the boiler, and each arranged on one of two power supply lines to the burner, a first line being opened by a first thermal switch when the temperature measured by the first probe reaches a set value of this first thermal switch in a low temperature range, and the second line being opened by the second thermal switch when the temperature measured by the first probe reaches a set value of this second thermal switch greater than the set value of the first thermoswitch and selected in a high temperature range, as well as a second device for displaying a second temperature set value and at least one room temperature probe, and is characterized in that a first regulator disposed on the burner supply lines, is connected to the second display device and to the room temperature probe (s), and compares the average of the ambient temperatures measured at the second set value for supplying the burner by the first line, and also by the second, if the second set value is greater than the average of the ambient temperatures increased respectively by a first threshold, or d 'a second threshold, higher than the first.

The function of limiting the temperature of the fluid on return to the boiler ¿: era fulfilled if the device also includes a second regulator connected to an external wall temperature sensor and to an internal wall temperature sensor of an external wall premises as well as a third device for displaying a third set value, and comparing the average of the measurements of the probes of tem _- perature of inner and outer walls to the third reference value, for supplying an electro-magnet controlling the opening of the second burner feed line by the first controller, if the average of the temperatures measured by these internal and external wall temperature probes is greater than the third setpoint increased by a third threshold. It is then easy to ensure priority operation of the boiler, in order to maintain an acceptable thermal load in the building, if the burner is capable of being supplied from the second regulator by a third power supply line on which is disposed. a third thermal switch controlled by a second temperature sensor, measuring the temperature of the heated fluid leaving the boiler, so that the third thermal switch closes the third supply line, to prioritize the operation of the burner, when the temperature measured by the second temperature probe becomes less than a setting value of the third thermal switch, if the third setpoint value is greater, to within a neutral range, to the average of the temperatures measured by the external and internal probes, increased by a fourth threshold.

Finally, the second regulator is directly connected to the electrical distribution network, while the connection of the first regulator is ensured by means of a two-position inverter, one of which is a supply position for the first regulator, authorizing its operation, and the other of which is an isolation position of the first deny regulator, the power position corresponding to the comfort configuration, for the people present in the premises, while the isolated position corresponds to the standby configuration, in the absence of occupants in the premises, the second regulator controlling the installation alone to maintain a certain thermal load in the building.

The present invention will be better understood on the basis of the description of two particular embodiments, given without implied limitation, with reference to the two appended figures.

In Figure 1, a schematic representation is made of a heating installation, of the central heating type, equipped with a regulation device according to the invention.

The heating installation comprises a combustion boiler 1 provided by a burner 2 and containing a water tank 3. The water heated in the tank 3 is pumped, at constant rate, by a circulation pump or accelerator 4, and passes through the radiators 5, arranged in the various premises to be heated 6, then is returned, after it has thus cooled, in the balloon 3 of the boiler 1 to be reheated there. The regulation device comprises a first temperature probe 7, arranged in the line for returning water to the boiler 1, as well as a first display device 8 for a first temperature set value, all of which are two connected to a comparator 9 to which the probe 7 and the display device 8 transmit their information. The display device 8 is itself controlled from a regulator 10 receiving the information which are transmitted to it by a second display device 11 as well as by the various ambient temperature sensors 12, which are located on the internal partitions and not on the external walls, of the various rooms to be heated 6. By internal partitions, it is necessary hear the different walls, partitions or walls separating, inside a same building, the different rooms, while the external walls are the walls delimiting the premises 6 vis-à-vis the outside of the building. The comparator 9, arranged to control the ignition switch 13 of the burner 2, is also connected to a second temperature probe 14, disposed in the water outlet pipe at the outlet of the boiler 1, by means of two thermal contacts 15 and 16 mounted in parallel and one of which 15 is disposed on the external face of an external wall 17, while the other 16 is disposed on the internal face of this wall 17, which will be the oriented wall to the east or, preferably, to the southeast in the northern hemisphere and to the northeast in the southern hemisphere.

The device which has just been described operates as follows.

When the premises 6 are occupied and must be suitably heated, the set value displayed manually, or by a clock, in a manner known per se, on the display device 11 is for example 20 ° C. and corresponds to the desired temperature . The regulator 10, receiving ambient temperature probes 12, information on the temperatures prevailing in the premises 6, calculates a function of the different ambient temperatures measured, which can be an average, possibly weighted, of these measurements, or the selection of the maximum or minimum measurement.

This function is compared by the regulator 10 to the set value displayed on the device 11, and the regulator 10 controls the display of the set value on the device 8 so that the set value of the device 8 will be respectively reduced or increased depending on whether the ambient temperature function will be respectively higher or lower than the set value of the device 11,

The setpoint value of the device 8, which can vary between 20 ° C and 50 ° C, is constantly compared with the return water temperature, measured by the probe 7, in the comparator 9, which controls the closing of the switch 13, and therefore the ignition of the burner 2 and the start-up of the boiler 1, if the water return temperature is lower than the set value of the device 8 minus a neutral range of a few degrees, and which controls the opening of the switch 13, and therefore the shutdown of the boiler 1, if the water return temperature is higher than the set value of the device 8 increased by this neutral range. When the premises are unoccupied, the set value of the display device 11 is reduced, either manually or by a clock, to a minimum value corresponding to a temperature threshold to be maintained in the premises, for example 15 ° C.

The operation of the boiler 1 can then be controlled as a priority by the comparator 9 on the basis of the information it receives from the temperature probe 14, measuring the temperature of the water leaving the boiler 1, and sensitive to a temperature threshold , for example 35 ° C, so that if one of the two thermal contacts 15 and 16 closes the circuit connecting the probe 14 to the comparator 9, the operation of the boiler 1 is controlled so that the temperature measured by the probe 14 is kept at the minimum at the threshold value of 35 ° C. The thermal switch 15 is set to a temperature threshold, for example 8 ° C, so that if the outside temperature is lower than this value, the thermal switch 15 closes the circuit connecting the probe 14 to the comparator 9, while the thermal switch 16 , set on another threshold, for example 12 ° C, closes this circuit if the wall temperature on the internal face of the wall 17 is less than 12 ° C. This mounting of the thermal contacts 15 and 16 on the internal face of the external wall 17 exposed to the east, or to the southeast in the northern hemisphere, makes it possible to take into account the morning wind and sunshine conditions as forecasts. these conditions for the day, in order, if necessary, to delay the operation of the boiler 1 at the end of the coldest period; generally muit, if it appears that heat gains, or less losses, are to be expected.

In FIG. Two, a heating installation is shown schematically, of the central heating type, equipped with an alternative embodiment of the regulation device according to the invention, the elements of which corresponding to those of FIG. 1 are identified by the same indices. with a premium sign (').

The heating installation comprises a combustion boiler 1 'provided by a burner 2' and containing a water tank 3 '. The water heated in the tank 3 'is pumped, at a constant flow rate, by a circulation pump or accelerator 4', and passes through radiators not identified, arranged in the various rooms to be heated, then is returned, after it has thus cooled, in the tank 3 'of the boiler 1' to be heated there. The regulation device comprises a first temperature probe 7 ′, disposed in the line for returning water to the boiler 1 ′, as well as a first display device 8 ′ of a first temperature set value, which consists of two thermal switches 18 and 19, both controlled by the first probe 7 ', and each arranged on a power supply line to the burner 2' from a first regulator 10 '. The thermal switch 18 is set to a setting value chosen in a low temperature range, for example 38 ° C, so that when the temperature measured by the probe 7 'reaches this first setting value, the thermal switch 18 opens the first line 20 the burner 2 ', on which it is installed.

Likewise, the thermal switch 19 is set to a setting value chosen within a high temperature range, for example 46 ° C., so that when the temperature measured by the probe 7 'reaches this second setting value, the thermal switch 19 opens the second supply line 21 of the burner 2 ′, on which it is installed. The first temperature setpoint, displayed on the first display device 8 ′, is therefore on two levels.

The first regulator 10 'is connected to ambient temperature probes 12', as well as to a second display device 11 'on which the occupants of the premises display a second set value corresponding to the desired temperature in the premises, and this regulator 10 'ensures the comparison of the average of the measurements of the probes 12' with the second setpoint, when it is supplied with electric current from the distribution network, on which the regulator 10 ′ is connected by means of a two-position inverter 22, the tiltings of which are controlled manually or, in known manner, by a clock, one of the positions ensuring the isolation of the latter. Being supplied, the regulator 10 'itself ensures, for the supply of the burner 2' to operate the boiler 1 ', the selection of line 20, if the second setpoint, displayed in 11', is found to be greater, to within a neutral range, than the average of the temperatures measured by the probes 12 'increased by a first threshold. If the probe 7 'detects a return water temperature lower than the setting value of the thermal switch 18, ie less than 38 ° C, the line 20 is closed and the burner 2' is effectively supplied. If, on the other hand, the return water temperature reaches 38 ° C, the thermal switch 18 opens the line 20 and the burner 2 'is not supplied. In the case where the second setpoint is found to be greater, to within a neutral range, to the average of the ambient temperatures measured by the 12 'probes, increased by a second threshold, greater than the first, the regulator also ensures the selection of line 21, so that if the probe 7 'measures a temperature below 38 ° C, setting value of the thermal switch 18, the burner 2' is simultaneously supplied by the two lines 20 and 21, if the probe 7 'measures a temperature between 38 ° C and 46 ° C, that is to say between the setting values of the thermal switches 18 and 19, the burner 2 'is only supplied by line 21, since line 20 is open, while if the temperature detected by the probe 7 'reaches 46 ° C, the burner 2' is no longer supplied, the two thermal switches 18 and 19 having opened lines 20 and 21. Conversely, if the second setpoint becomes lower again, at a neutral range near, at the average of the ambient temperatures increased by the second threshold then by the first threshold, the line 21 then the line 20 are successively deselected. The device also includes a second regulator 23, directly connected to the mains, and connected to a third display device 24 of a third set value, as well as to an external temperature probe 15 'and to a temperature probe internal 16 'of an external wall, preferably the wall facing east. The second regulator 23 ensures the comparison of the average of the measurements of the external 15 ′ and internal 16 ′ probes, which gives a good image of the thermal load of the walls of the building, while taking account, essentially by the external probe 1: ′ , the morning wind and sunshine conditions as forecasts, for the day, of heat gains or less losses which are to be expected, with the third setpoint value, chosen according to the nature of the walls of the building, as well as the temperature which must approximately be maintained in the premises during periods of vacancy thereof. For porous or poorly insulating walls, this third setpoint can correspond to a temperature of 16 ° C, while for walls very insulating, this set value can correspond to 12 ° C. If the average of the temperatures measured by the external 15 ′ and internal 16 ′ probes is greater than a neutral range near, to the third setpoint value, increased by a third threshold, the regulator 23 ensures, via line 25, the supply of the coil 26 of an electromagnet 27, which causes the displacement of the movable contact 28 and opens the supply line 21 of the burner 2 '. This makes it possible to disregard the temporary cooling of the premises in order to control an operation of the boiler with regulation of the return temperature on the upper level of the first setpoint, when the thermal load of the walls is good. For example, if one or more of the rooms are ventilated, the average of the temperatures measured by the ambient sensors 12 ′ drops, which risks bringing the second set value to a higher value. at this average of the ambient temperatures increased by the second threshold, and therefore of controlling the supply of the burner 2 'until the temperature measured by the probe 7' reaches the setting value of the thermal switch 19, then opening the line 21. However, the detection of good thermal inertia in the walls, given by an average of the temperatures measured by the external 15 ′ and internal 16 ′ probes greater than the third setpoint value increased by a third threshold, prohibits such operation of the boiler 1 ', which would lead to excessive consumption, since the thermal load of the walls appears sufficient to quickly heat up the temporarily cooled premises. Under these temperature conditions, the second regu lator 23 controls the operation of the electromagnet 27 as a temperature limiter.

On the other hand, if the third setpoint value is greater, within a neutral range, than the average of the temperatures given by the external 15 'and internal 16' probes, increased by a fourth threshold, the regulator 23 ensures the selection of a third line 28 for supplying the burner 2 ′, on which a third thermal switch 29 is disposed, controlled by a second temperature probe 14 ′, measuring the temperature of the heated water leaving the boiler 1 ′. The thermal switch 29 is set to a setting value, corresponding for example to a temperature of 35 ° C, and the thermal switch 29 closes the supply line 28, to prioritize the operation of the burner 2 ', when the temperature measured by the probe 14 'becomes lower than the setting value, of 35 ° C, of the thermal switch 29. These temperature conditions are obtained when the regulation ensured by the regulator 10', whatever it is, does not command a sufficiently prolonged operation of the boiler 1 ', so that a suitable minimum thermal load is maintained in the walls, which is obtained by the priority supply of line 28. If the average of the temperatures given by the probes 15' and 16 'is between the third setpoint increased by the third threshold and this same third setpoint decreased by the fourth threshold, the regulator 23, although supplied, does not select either line 25 or line 28, the regulation being the only fact of the regulator 10 'and of the thermal switches 18 and 19. Finally, if the reverser 22 is tilted from the position of the regulator 10 ', corresponding to the comfort position for the occupants, on the isolating position of the regulator 10', corresponding to the standby position when the premises are unoccupied, it is clear that the regulator 10 'becomes inoperative, and that the regulator 23 will ensure, by cooperating with the thermal switch 29, the maintenance of a suitable minimum thermal load in the building, if the average of the measurements of the probes 15 'and 16' comes to fall too low compared to the setpoint displayed at 24.

It is important to note that, as in the first example, the ambient temperature sensors 12 ′ are arranged on the internal partitions and not on the external walls of the various rooms to be heated. By internal partitions, we must understand the different walls, plots or partitions separating, inside a same building the different rooms, while the external walls are the walls which delimit the premises vis-à-vis the outside. of the building.

The regulation process and the devices for its implementation, proposed by the present invention, allow an economical operation of a heating installation, by reducing the number of stops and restarting of the boiler, compared to the regulations currently known.

Claims (13)

1 / Method for regulating the operation of a space heating installation (6), of the central heating type, comprising a loop of heat transfer fluid heated in a boiler (1,1 ') to which the fluid is led after being cooled by passing through radiators (5), constituting the command to start or stop the boiler (1,1 ') depending on whether the measured temperature of the fluid returning to the boiler (1,1') becomes lower respectively or higher, to within a neutral range, to a first set value, to increase or decrease the first set value depending on whether the ambient temperature, or a function of the ambient temperatures in the various rooms (6) to be heated, is lower or greater than a second setpoint, characterized in that it consists, moreover, in priority controlling the start-up of the boiler (1,1 ′) so that the temperature of the heated fluid leaving the boiler (1, 1 ') don't be t not less than a first given temperature threshold. 2 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the operation of the boiler (1) is primarily controlled as soon as the external wall temperature and / or the internal wall temperature of an external wall (17) of the premises (6) are / is lower than a second and a third temperature threshold respectively. 3 / A method according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists, moreover, in limiting the temperature of the fluid on return to the boiler (1 ') to a certain value, by prohibiting the variation of the first set value at beyond this value, if a function of the external wall temperature and the internal wall temperature of an external wall of the premises, is greater, to within a neutral range, than a third set value. 4 / A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the operation of the boiler (1 ') is controlled as a priority as soon as the function of the internal wall temperature and the external wall temperature is less than a neutral range close to the third setpoint. 5 / Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it consists in varying the first set value from a low range to a high range if the second set value, having become greater than the temperature ambient, or to a function of the ambient temperatures of the premises to be heated, increased by a first threshold, becomes greater than this ambient temperature, or to this function of the ambient temperatures, increased by a second threshold, greater than the first. 6 / Device for regulating the operation of a space heating installation (6) of the central heating type, consisting of a combustion boiler (1) provided by a burner (2) and on which a heating circuit is looped comprising radiators (5) arranged in the premises (6) to be heated, traversed by a heated heat transfer fluid originating from the boiler (1), in which the fluid is led after passage through the radiators (5) comprising a first display device (8) a first temperature setpoint, and a first temperature probe (7), measuring the temperature of the fluid on return to the boiler (1), both transmitting their information to a comparator (9) controlling the closing or opening of a switch (13) for ignition of the burner (2) of the boiler (1), depending on whether the temperature measured by the first probe (7) is respectively lower or higher than the first set value given by the first display device (8), and also comprising a second display device (11 ) a second set value, which corresponds to the desired ambient temperature when the premises are occupied (6), so that the first set value is respectively increased or decreased depending on whether the temperature measured, or a function of the temperatures measured, by one or more ambient temperature sensors (12), is respectively lower or higher than the second setpoint, characterized in that the display of the first setpoint on the first display device hage (8) is controlled by a regulator (10) connected, on the one hand, to the room temperature probe (s) (12), and, on the other hand, to the second display device (11), a second temperature probe (14), measuring the temperature of the heated fluid leaving the boiler (1), and sensitive to a first temperature threshold, being connected to the comparator (9) for controlling the ignition switch (13) of the burner (2) by a circuit capable of being closed in order to start with priority the operation of the boiler (1, so that the temperature measured by the second probe (14) is not less than the first temperature threshold. 7 / Device according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises a first thermocon tact (15), sensitive to a second temperature threshold, disposed on the external wall of an external wall (17) of the premises (6), and closing the circuit connecting the second probe (14) to the control comparator (9) as soon as the outside temperature is below the second temperature threshold. 8 / Device according to claim 7, characterized in that a second thermal switch (16), sensitive to a third temperature threshold, and disposed on the inner wall of an outer wall (17) of the premises (6), is mounted in parallel with the first thermal contact (15) on the circuit connecting the second temperature probe (14) to the control comparator (9), and comes to close this circuit when the wall temperature of this internal wall of the wall (17) is below the third temperature threshold, to also prioritize the operation of the boiler (1). 9 / Device according to one of claims 7 and 8, characterized in that it is only possible to prioritize the operation of the boiler (1) if the second setpoint has been brought to a fourth threshold temperature. 10 / Device for regulating the operation of a space heating installation, of the central heating type, comprising a first display device (8 ′) of a first set value consisting of two thermal switches (18,19), controlled by a first temperature probe (7 ') measuring the temperature of the fluid returning to the boiler (1'), and each arranged on one of two lines (20,21) of electrical supply to the burner (2 ') , a first line (20) being opened by a first thermal switch (18) when the temperature measured by the first probe (7 ') reaches a setting value of this first thermal switch (18) in a low temperature range, and the second line (21) being opened by the second thermal switch (19) when the temperature measured by the first probe (7 ') reaches a setting value of this second thermal switch (19) greater than the setting value of the first thermal switch (18) and chosen within a high temperature range, as well as a second display device (11 ') of a second temperature setpoint and at least one room temperature sensor (12'), characterized in that a first regulator (10 ') arranged on the supply lines (20,21) of the burner (2 '), is connected to the second display device (11') and to the ambient temperature probe (s) (12 '), and compares the average of the ambient temperatures measured with the second setpoint for supplying the burner ( 2 ') by the first line (20), and also by the second (21), if the second v the setpoint value is greater than the average of the ambient temperatures increased respectively by a first threshold, or by a second threshold, greater than the first. 11 / Device according to claim 10, characterized in that it also comprises a second regulator (23), connected to an external wall temperature probe (15 ') and to an internal wall temperature probe (16') d '' an external wall of the premises, as well as a third device (24) for displaying a third set value, and comparing the average of the measurements of the internal (16 ') and external (15') wall temperature sensors ) at the third setpoint for supplying an electromagnet (27) controlling the opening of the second line (21) supply of the burner (2 ') by the first regulator (10') if the average of the temperatures measured by these internal (16 ') and external (15') wall temperature probes is higher than the third increased setpoint a third threshold. 12 / Apparatus according to claim 11, characterized in that the burner (2 ') is capable of being supplied from the second regulator (23) by a third line (28) of electrical supply on which is disposed a third thermal switch (29) controlled by a second temperature probe (14 ') measuring the temperature of the heated fluid leaving the boiler (1') so that the third thermal switch (29) closes the third supply line (28), to control primarily the operation of the burner (2 '), when the temperature measured by the second temperature probe (14') becomes lower than a setting value of the third thermal switch (29) if the third setpoint is higher, at a neutral range close, by means of the temperatures measured by the temperature sensors of the external (15 ') and internal (16') walls, increased by a fourth threshold. 13 / Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the second regulator (23) is directly connected to the electrical distribution network while the first regulator (10 ') is connected to this network via an inverter to two positions (23), one of which is a supply portion of the first regulator (10 '), authorizing its operation, and the other of which is an isolation position of the first regulator (10').

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