EP0037681A2 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fadenüberwachung - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fadenüberwachung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0037681A2
EP0037681A2 EP81301278A EP81301278A EP0037681A2 EP 0037681 A2 EP0037681 A2 EP 0037681A2 EP 81301278 A EP81301278 A EP 81301278A EP 81301278 A EP81301278 A EP 81301278A EP 0037681 A2 EP0037681 A2 EP 0037681A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
yarns
radiation
carriage
yarn
infra
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP81301278A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0037681A3 (de
Inventor
John Bernard Brierley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
John L Brierley Ltd
Original Assignee
John L Brierley Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by John L Brierley Ltd filed Critical John L Brierley Ltd
Publication of EP0037681A2 publication Critical patent/EP0037681A2/de
Publication of EP0037681A3 publication Critical patent/EP0037681A3/de
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D03—WEAVING
    • D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
    • D03D51/00—Driving, starting, or stopping arrangements; Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/18—Automatic stop motions
    • D03D51/20—Warp stop motions
    • D03D51/28—Warp stop motions electrical
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02H—WARPING, BEAMING OR LEASING
    • D02H13/00—Details of machines of the preceding groups
    • D02H13/02—Stop motions
    • D02H13/04—Stop motions responsive to breakage, slackness, or excessive tension of threads, with detectors for individual threads or small groups of threads
    • D02H13/08—Stop motions responsive to breakage, slackness, or excessive tension of threads, with detectors for individual threads or small groups of threads electrical

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the detection of yarns, and in particular to the detection, among a plurality of yarns arranged in a sheet, of any yarns having significantly different properties from other yarns in the sheet.
  • a plurality of warp yarns are respectively wound from a plurality of bobbins on to a warp beam. As the yarns travel from the bobbins to the beam they travel along parallel paths, the yarns being arranged close together so that they form a flat sheet.
  • a so-called "wrong end” may be included in the sheet.
  • An operator may for example accidentally use a bobbin carrying a yarn which has different properties to the normal yarns and this fact may not readily be apparent visually.
  • the warp sheets may be formed, weaving may take place, and the mistake may only be noticed when the woven cloth is dyed, since the wrong end may react to the dye in a different manner to the other yarns.
  • a length of cloth may thus be obtained which is visually unsatisfactory, and the cloth may have to be scrapped. It is therefore obviously desirable to have a means of detecting wrong ends in a warp sheet.
  • the invention provides a method of detecting if one or more of a plurality of yarns has different properties from other yarns of the plurality, characterised by the steps of scanning the yarns with a b6am of radiation, detecting the effect that each yarn has on the radiation, and comparing the results.
  • the radiation is electromagnetic radiation and the wavelength of the radiation will normally be outside the visual spectrum, since yarns that affect the visual spectrum can in any event often be detected as being odd ones out visually.
  • the radiation may, for example, be in the infra-red or the ultra-violet range, but it is preferred that it is in the near infra-red range since emitters and detectors for this range are available readily and relatively cheaply.
  • the radiation may be provided by an emitter mounted on a carriage for travel over the yarns, the carriage including a detector to detect any radiation reflected by the yarns.
  • the detector may be connected to a microprocessor which is arranged to monitor the properties of the radiation reflected back by each yarn, calculate the mean and standard deviation for at least a group of the yarns, and provide means for identifying one or more yarns having properties which are significantly different from the mean.
  • Air or other gas can also be conveniently used to move the carriage.
  • the invention also provides apparatus for carrying out the method according to the invention, the apparatus comprising a carriage, and means for mounting the carriage for reciprocatory movement across a plurality of yarns extending in the same direction, characterised by a radiation transmitter mounted on the carriage for the transmission of a beam of radiation towards the yarns as the carriage moves over the yarns, and a radiation detector mounted on the carriage to scan the yarns as the carriage moves over the yarns and detect the radiation reflected from each yarn.
  • Figure 1 shows four parallel warp yarns 10, each travelling from bobbins (not shown) to a warp beam.
  • the four yarns are only shown to give a diagrammatic representation and it will be understood that in practice there may be several hundred such yarns arranged closely together to form a substantial flat sheet, as best shown in Figure 3 "
  • a carriage 11 mounted above the sheet is a carriage 11 arranged to travel along a track 12, the track being arranged horizontally above the yarns 10 and at right angles thereto. The carriage 11 can thus travel right across the warp sheet, passing over each yarn 10 in turn.
  • infra-red emitter 13 and infra-red detector 14 are mounted on the carriage 11 mounted on the carriage 11 mounted on the carriage 11.
  • the yarn reflects some of the infra-red radiation back to the detector 14 and the signal generated is fed to a microprocessor (not shown).
  • the tex given is for the single yarn.
  • the microprocessor has a memory for each yarn. Thus if there are 400 yarns in a sheet, the microprocessor will have at least 400 memories.
  • the reflection reading for each yarn is stored in a separate memory and at the end of each scan the readings are examined by the microprocessor to determine if any of the yarns differs significantly from the average. There is a wide range of wellknown statistical methods which may be used for this examination. For example, in the case of very uniform yarns it would be sufficient simply to calculate the mean and standard deviation and select any individual readings which fell outside, say, plus or minus 4 standard deviations.
  • the microprocessor can be arranged to operate a visual and/or audible alarm if there are any such non-average readings and the microprocessor can also be arranged to identify which yarns initiated these readings.
  • the microprocessor may for example allocate to each yarn a number from 1 to 400, and the microprocessor can then indicate, for example on a digital readout, the numbers of those yarns which have produced a non-average reading.
  • the necessary calculations may be based on standard statistical procedures which could readily be programmed into the microprocessor.
  • the analysis carried out by the microprocessor may utilise a Bartlett's test. This is a known statistical test for homogeneity of variance which is used to detect individual results which do not belong to the same statistical population as the rest of the results.
  • the embodiment is designed to scan a warp sheet consisting of several hundred parallel equally spaced threads 10 closely spaced apart over a width of substantially 1.4 metres, as shown in Figure 3. A few of the threads are shown in Figure 2 for the purposes of illustration.
  • the apparatus has a detector box 15 containing a light source 16 and two infra-red sensors 17.
  • the detector box is fixed to a glider 16a which is supported on an air track comprising two hollow sections 17a having holes 18 drilled in their upper surfaces.
  • the sections are pressurised to substantially 100 millibars from a blower via pipes 19.
  • the actuating bar 12 will pass right over the proximity switch 11 and the timing circuit will be reset so that the air valve will open for a short period or not at all.
  • the operating speed of the glider can therefore be fixed by suitable choice of spring rate and proximity switch position.
  • the detector is shown moving below the warp sheet and facing upwardly, but in some cases it is more convenient to mount the detector above the threads facing downwardly, although the principle of operation is exactly the same.
  • the detector box 15 is shown in more detail in Figures 3 and 4.
  • the light source 16 is a quartz halogen incandescent bulb and the image of the filament is focused by a lens 28 on to the plane of the warp sheet 10.
  • the image of ehch illuminated thread is focused by lenses 29 on to the two infra-red sensors 17.
  • the peak wave lengths of the sensors vary according to the fibres which are most likely to be present in any particular installation but are normally between 900 and 2500 nanometres.
  • the output from the sensors will rise from a background level (e.g. zero) to a peak and then fall back to the background level.
  • the outputs are converted to digital form and the peak values are detected in hardware or software and stored in temporary memory locations.
  • the actual number of threads in the warp sheet is keyed into the micro processor before operation commences and at the end of each scan the number of threads "observed” is compared with this figure. If the number is correct then a cusum is calculated for each thread and for each detector and stored in the micro processor. Whenever the value of any cusum exceeds preset tolerances then the machine is stopped and the number of the faulty thread is displayed.
  • the detector box 15 also carries a minature air blower 30 which blows a vertical jet of air through the warp sheet 10 via a pipe 31.
  • the air jet deflects the threads causing them to move from their normal position and the distance between the detector box and the warp sheet is such that the threads are in focus on deflected threads at normal thread tension.
  • the tension differs from normal the thread will be deflected too little or too much by the air jet and will thus be out of focus. This will produce an output different:from normal which will be detected by the apparatus.
  • infra-red radiation it is not essential that infra-red radiation be used. It is however preferred that infra-red radiation is used, not only for the reasons already mentioned, but also because infra-red radiation is safe, easily produced, and easily detected electronically. It seems clear from experimental evidence that infra-red radiation is selectively absorbed by vibrational energy level in fibres. The energy levels and hence the wavelengths absorbed depend on molecular structure and an infra-red absorption spectrum can be used to identify fibres. The reflection of infra-red radiation from fibres in yarns is a complex phenomenon depending on the nature of the fibre surface, and the presence of additives such as delustrant, in addition to the molecular structure.
  • wavelengths are usable since the atmosphere itself is strongly absorbing at certain wavelengths, for example because of water vapor, notably between 2400 nanometres and 3100 nanometres, 4200 to 4500 nanometres, and 5000 to 8000 nanometres.
  • the source 16 emits radiation over a range of wavelengths and each detector 17 is sensitive to a different wavelength within the range.
  • each emitter being arranged to emit a different wavelength radiation, or even a different type of radiation. It may for example be possible to use one or more additional wavelengths in the middle and/or far infra-red ranges.
  • the device described above is particularly suitable for detecting wrong ends in a warp sheet
  • the device may be used whenever it is desired to detect if one or more of a plurality of yarns are odd ones out with respect to other yarns.
  • a patterned warp sheet which is to comprise say, x black yarns followed by y white yarns followed by x black yarns again, and so on, to give a black and white striped warp sheet
  • microprocessor could be programmed with the knowledge that there should be x black yarns followed by y white yarns and so on, and the microprocessor could be arranged to process each group of black or white yarns separately. The microprocessor would then readily identify a white yarn which was in a position which should be occupied by a black yarn, and vice versa.
  • the invention may be used with yarns extending in a flat plane. It may for example be used in circular knitting, where a plurality of yarns converge radially inwardly and like the spokes of a wheel and then follow a parallel path, the parallel yarns defining a cylinder. With such an arrangement the carriage may be arranged to travel around a circular path to scan the yarns.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Or Twisting Of Yarns (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Investigating Materials By The Use Of Optical Means Adapted For Particular Applications (AREA)
EP81301278A 1980-04-03 1981-03-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fadenüberwachung Ceased EP0037681A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB8011346 1980-04-03
GB8011346 1980-04-03

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0037681A2 true EP0037681A2 (de) 1981-10-14
EP0037681A3 EP0037681A3 (de) 1982-02-17

Family

ID=10512603

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81301278A Ceased EP0037681A3 (de) 1980-04-03 1981-03-25 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Fadenüberwachung

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0037681A3 (de)
JP (1) JPS56165065A (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2528882A1 (fr) * 1982-06-21 1983-12-23 V U Koncernova Ucelova Org Zvs Dispositif reflecteur optique et electronique pour l'exploration de fils de trame ou de fils de chaine
EP0427665A1 (de) * 1989-11-10 1991-05-15 Sulzer RàœTi Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Einziehen eines Kettfadens in eine Webmaschine, insbesondere in ein Webblatt
BE1005052A3 (fr) * 1989-11-20 1993-04-06 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Detection d'anormalite quant a la traction de chaine dans des metiers a tisser automatiques.

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107338547A (zh) * 2017-07-18 2017-11-10 响水县恒泰纺织有限公司 一种纺织实用型浆纱机

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE892429C (de) * 1951-12-06 1953-10-08 Lothar Franke Einrichtung zur lichtelektrischen Kettenfadenkontrolle
FR1487574A (fr) * 1966-07-20 1967-07-07 Procédé et appareil pour détecter une rupture de fil dans les machines textiles
DE2822080A1 (de) * 1978-05-20 1979-11-29 Norddeutsche Faserwerke Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ueberwachung der laufenden faeden einer fadenschar

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE892429C (de) * 1951-12-06 1953-10-08 Lothar Franke Einrichtung zur lichtelektrischen Kettenfadenkontrolle
FR1487574A (fr) * 1966-07-20 1967-07-07 Procédé et appareil pour détecter une rupture de fil dans les machines textiles
DE2822080A1 (de) * 1978-05-20 1979-11-29 Norddeutsche Faserwerke Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur ueberwachung der laufenden faeden einer fadenschar

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2528882A1 (fr) * 1982-06-21 1983-12-23 V U Koncernova Ucelova Org Zvs Dispositif reflecteur optique et electronique pour l'exploration de fils de trame ou de fils de chaine
EP0427665A1 (de) * 1989-11-10 1991-05-15 Sulzer RàœTi Ag Verfahren und Einrichtung zum Einziehen eines Kettfadens in eine Webmaschine, insbesondere in ein Webblatt
US5105855A (en) * 1989-11-10 1992-04-21 Sulzer Brothers Limited Apparatus and method for clearing a warp yarn break in a loom
BE1005052A3 (fr) * 1989-11-20 1993-04-06 Toyoda Automatic Loom Works Detection d'anormalite quant a la traction de chaine dans des metiers a tisser automatiques.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JPS56165065A (en) 1981-12-18
EP0037681A3 (de) 1982-02-17

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Inventor name: BRIERLEY, JOHN BERNARD