EP0035447B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Behandlung von Textilfasern oder -fäden - Google Patents

Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Behandlung von Textilfasern oder -fäden Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0035447B1
EP0035447B1 EP81400298A EP81400298A EP0035447B1 EP 0035447 B1 EP0035447 B1 EP 0035447B1 EP 81400298 A EP81400298 A EP 81400298A EP 81400298 A EP81400298 A EP 81400298A EP 0035447 B1 EP0035447 B1 EP 0035447B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arc
yarn
electrodes
wire
voltage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81400298A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0035447A1 (de
Inventor
Max Goldman
Daniel Le Fur
Michel Sotton
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Electricite de France SA
Bpifrance Financement SA
Original Assignee
Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR
Electricite de France SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR, Electricite de France SA filed Critical Agence National de Valorisation de la Recherche ANVAR
Publication of EP0035447A1 publication Critical patent/EP0035447A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0035447B1 publication Critical patent/EP0035447B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M10/00—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements
    • D06M10/02—Physical treatment of fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, e.g. ultrasonic, corona discharge, irradiation, electric currents, or magnetic fields; Physical treatment combined with treatment with chemical compounds or elements ultrasonic or sonic; Corona discharge
    • D06M10/025—Corona discharge or low temperature plasma

Definitions

  • bin should be understood in a broad sense, covering in particular natural fibers, for example cotton, and synthetic fibers, in the form of hair and multifilaments.
  • a known treatment method consists in subjecting the wire to an electric discharge. More specifically, the wire is passed through an alternative discharge created between a cylinder coated with a dielectric and a metal plate.
  • This type of discharge has drawbacks. It requires significant electrical power.
  • the residence time of the fiber in this type of discharge must be at least 5 seconds if a change in the fiber is to be observed. This duration is incompatible with online wire treatments.
  • a method is also known in which the wire is subjected to an electric arc which is rotated so that the wire is subjected to the arc repeatedly, but each time for a short time (GB 1,300,088).
  • the invention aims to provide a process that better meets those previously known to the requirements of practice, in particular in that it requires less energy consumption and allows high speed movement of the wire.
  • the invention proposes in particular a method according to which the wire is passed through an arc location, characterized in that the arc is cut at high frequency, the period of repetitions between cuts being at least greater an order of magnitude for the duration of an arc.
  • the average current it will generally be necessary for the average current to be at least 400 / -lA for a wire circulating at 5 m / min and to be higher the higher the speed of the wire.
  • the intensity of the average arc current can moreover be regulated as a function of the speed of circulation of the wire.
  • each discharge has a high peak power, but involves a low energy.
  • the invention also provides a treatment device comprising at least one module consisting of a first electrode and a second electrode placed face to face and at a determined distance, an electrical circuit for applying voltage between the electrodes, and means for circulating the wire between the electrodes at an arcing location, characterized in that said circuit comprises a generator capable of establishing an arc voltage between the two electrodes in the absence of current flow in the circuit, the power of the generator and the impedance of the circuit being such that the arc is cut, after ignition, in a short time compared to the duration of rise to the ignition voltage of arc.
  • the arc repetition period will be several orders of magnitude greater than the arc duration.
  • the wire is surrounded by a dielectric forcing the arc to burst between the electrodes in line with the wire.
  • this precaution has generally proven to be superfluous.
  • the electrodes are formed by blades parallel to the same direction and forming an angle between them so as to be closest to the location of passage of the wire.
  • the device can comprise several modules arranged successively on the path of the wire and corresponding to several different arc paths relative to the wire.
  • the wire can be made to circulate so that it constitutes a wound winding, the adjacent turns of which are contiguous or very close together, which passes under the same electrode in the form of a blade.
  • the device shown diagrammatically in FIGS. 1 and 2 is intended to subject the wire 10 to be treated to an arc produced in a single location. It comprises a conductive support 11, such as a plate or a wire drive drum 10, constituting a first electrode, and a blade 12 constituting a second electrode.
  • An electric generator 13 makes it possible to establish a sufficient voltage between the electrodes 11 and 12 to create an arc between the electrodes.
  • the plates are frequently useless and that the wire channels the discharge.
  • the generator 13 must be capable of establishing an arc voltage, but provided with means which suffocate this arc from its birth. It can be provided to apply a voltage of constant or alternating polarity advantageously at high frequency, of the order of at least kHz.
  • egrets also called darts or "streamers" which appear when the electrode blade 12 is positive, are made up of charged particles of kinetic energy sufficient to open bonds.
  • the arc breaking means can be constituted by a series impedance, of sufficient value.
  • This impedance will be a resistance in the case of direct voltage, an inductance in the event of alternating or pulsed voltage, this latter solution making it possible to reduce the Joule losses.
  • the generator 13 includes a step-up transformer 15 to which an alternating voltage is applied, either from the distribution network, or from a chopper or oscillator supplying a high frequency.
  • a bridge of rectifiers 16 makes it possible to apply alternations all of the same polarity to the electrode 12 by means of an inductor 17.
  • the electrode 11 is kept to ground.
  • the generator 13 must be capable of supplying the starting voltage V o (FIG. 5) which will be at least 2 kV and generally between 5 and 20 kV.
  • the duration of a cycle is extremely short, so that there is no risk of burning and cutting of the wire, without it being necessary to coat the support 11 with a dielectric, as in the case of alternative discharge treatment devices, mentioned above.
  • the average current which passes, for wires of current diameter, must be at least 400, uA for a running speed of a few meters per minute. This average current must obviously increase with speed.
  • An average current of the order of a milliampere can be envisaged for a speed of 50 m per minute.
  • the wire 10a passes through a module, the electrodes of which consist of two blades 11a and 12a. These two blades are flat with a beveled end. They are parallel to the same direction but form an angle between them, typically greater than 10 °. Thus, the distance between their bevels is variable and has a minimum at a location which is where the wire 10a is passed.
  • the successive modules advantageously have orienta tion around the wire so that it is treated in a homogeneous manner.
  • each electrode only allows one wire to be treated once.
  • the generator 13b shown in FIG. 7 comprises, like that of FIG. 1, a step-up transformer 15b whose primary receives an alternating voltage, advantageously at high frequency, greater than that of the distribution network, at which the parasitic capacity distributed 28 of transformer is generally no longer negligible.
  • the circuit includes an impedance constituted by a capacitor 29 placed as close as possible to the electrode 12b and which spaces the arcs cut in time, due to the time necessary for its recharging: the intervals thus provided avoid maintenance by ionization residue. Since the maintained arc starts more easily on a negative half-wave, the rectifiers 30 are mounted to allow only the application of positive half-waves. The presence of the capacitor 31 avoids a corresponding consumption.
  • a device made for treating polyester material wires included a transformer supplied at a frequency of 2 kHz and supplying a circuit having capacitors 29 and 31 of 70 and 500 pF, respectively.
  • the transformer was supplied at 2 kHz, i.e. at a value close to its tuning frequency of 2.5 kHz, and supplied a peak voltage of 15 kV.
  • the very nature of the circuit in FIG. 7 means that only one spark can burst at a time, which limits the number of sparks hitting the wire during processing. This limitation can be removed by dividing the electrode connected to the generator into several decoupled blades.
  • the embodiment of FIG. 9 comprises two blades 12c each placed opposite a respective zone of the drum 25c. Each blade 12c is supplied by the transformer 1 5c through a choking impedance, which can be constituted by an impedance 32 of a few uH, due to AC operation, and is decoupled by a capacitor 33. It can thus have two arcs applied simultaneously to wire 10c.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
  • Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Separation (AREA)

Claims (10)

1. Verfahren zur Behandlung von Textilfäden (10; 10a; 10b; 10c) durch elektrische Entladung, bei dem man den Faden durch eine Lichtbogenzone laufen läßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Lichtbogen unterbrochen und anschließend wieder hergestellt wird mit einer hohen Frequenz, deren Wiederholungsperiode zwischen den Unterbrechungen wenigstens um eine Größenordnung länger ist als die Dauer eines Lichtbogens.
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man denselben Faden, der von einer leitenden Oberfläche getragen ist, wiederholte Male unter einer Elektrode in Form einer Schneide (12b), die in unmittelbarer Nähe des Fadens angeordnet ist, hindurch laufen läßt, und daß man die Schneide beim Fehlen des Lichtbogenstromes auf einer Spannung von mindestens gleich 2 kV hält.
3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß man die Frequenz und Intensität des Lichtbogens derart festlegt, daß der mittlere Strom wenigstens 400,uA für einen mit 5 m/min laufenden Faden beträgt und entsprechend größer ist, wenn die Fadengeschwindigkeit höher ist.
4. Vorrichtung zur Behandlung von Textilfäden durch elektrische Entladung, mit wenigstens einem Modul, der eine erste Elektrode (12) une eine zweite Elektrode (11), die einander zugewandt und in einem vorgegebenen Abstand angeordnet sind, einen elektrischen Stromkreis zum Anlegen einer Spannung zwischen diesen Elektroden und Mittel zum Durchlauf des Fadens zwischen den Elektroden in einer Zone des Auftretens des Bogens aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der genannte Stromkreis einen Generator (13) aufweist, der beim Fehlen eines Stromflusses im Stromkreis zwischen den beiden Elektroden eine Bogenspannung errichtet, wobei die Leistung des Generators und die Impedanz des Stromkreises derart sind, daß der Lichtbogen eine Zeit nach Einsetzen unterbrochen wird, die kurz ist mit Bezug auf die Dauer der Wiederherstellung der Lichtbogenspannung.
5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eine der Elektroden mit einem Speisetransformator (15b) über eine Kapazität (31) verbunden und parallel zu einem Gleichrichter (29) angeordnet ist.
6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine der Elektroden mit einem Speisetransformator (15c) über eine induktive Impedanz (32) verbunden ist und parallel zu einem Kondensator (33) liegt.
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Elektroden durch Schneiden (11 a, 12a) gebildet sind, die in der gleichen Richtung parallel verlaufen und zwischen sich einen Winkel derart bilden, daß sie im Bereich des Fadendurchgangs einander am nächsten sind.
8. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die eine der Elektroden durch eine drehbare Walze (11, 25, 25c) welche den Faden trägt, und die andere durch eine Schneide (12, 12b, 12c), die in einer durch die Achse der Walze gehenden Ebene angeordnet ist, gebildet ist.
9. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Maßnahmen getroffen sind, um den Faden (10b, 10c) entsprechend mehreren aufeinander folgenden Windungen auf der der Schneide (12b, 12c) zugewandten Walze (25, 25c) laufen zu lassen.
10. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 6 und 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schneide (12c) aus mehreren Teilen besteht, von denen jedes einem Teil der Walze (25c) gegenübersteht und mit einem Transformator (15c) über einer getrennte Impedanz (32) verbunden ist, wobei jedes Teil mit mehreren Fadenwindungen (10c) zusammenwirkt.
EP81400298A 1980-02-28 1981-02-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Behandlung von Textilfasern oder -fäden Expired EP0035447B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8004481 1980-02-28
FR8004481A FR2477191A1 (fr) 1980-02-28 1980-02-28 Procede et dispositif de traitement de fils textiles par decharge electrique

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0035447A1 EP0035447A1 (de) 1981-09-09
EP0035447B1 true EP0035447B1 (de) 1983-04-13

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EP81400298A Expired EP0035447B1 (de) 1980-02-28 1981-02-26 Verfahren und Vorrichtung für die Behandlung von Textilfasern oder -fäden

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US (1) US4376964A (de)
EP (1) EP0035447B1 (de)
JP (1) JPS56123430A (de)
DE (1) DE3160168D1 (de)
FR (1) FR2477191A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1995012697A1 (fr) * 1993-11-03 1995-05-11 Aktsionernoe Obschestvo 'tsvet' Procede de traitement de fibres au plasma a basse temperature et dispositif prevu a cet effet
CN113896040A (zh) * 2021-10-29 2022-01-07 盐城工学院 一种用于纱线电晕处理的装置及方法

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1312431A (en) * 1971-01-04 1973-04-04 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Cotton and other cellulose type fibres

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US878273A (en) * 1906-05-25 1908-02-04 William H Chapman Method of neutralizing static electricity.
US3391314A (en) * 1964-11-18 1968-07-02 Du Pont Process and apparatus for treating a plastic film by electrical discharge
GB1300088A (en) * 1969-05-08 1972-12-20 Ici Ltd Modification of fibres by electrical discharge treatment
US3763410A (en) * 1971-09-17 1973-10-02 Du Pont Method of treating material by electrical discharge

Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1312431A (en) * 1971-01-04 1973-04-04 Commw Scient Ind Res Org Cotton and other cellulose type fibres

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR2477191A1 (fr) 1981-09-04
US4376964A (en) 1983-03-15
JPS56123430A (en) 1981-09-28
DE3160168D1 (en) 1983-05-19
EP0035447A1 (de) 1981-09-09

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