EP0035280B1 - Dispositif d'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur - Google Patents

Dispositif d'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0035280B1
EP0035280B1 EP81101553A EP81101553A EP0035280B1 EP 0035280 B1 EP0035280 B1 EP 0035280B1 EP 81101553 A EP81101553 A EP 81101553A EP 81101553 A EP81101553 A EP 81101553A EP 0035280 B1 EP0035280 B1 EP 0035280B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
insulating layer
layer
base
adhesive
dish
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP81101553A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0035280A2 (fr
EP0035280A3 (en
Inventor
Hans Kummermehr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Grunzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG
Saint Gobain Isover G+H AG
Original Assignee
Grunzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG
Gruenzweig und Hartmann AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=25784107&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0035280(B1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Priority claimed from DE19803008505 external-priority patent/DE3008505C2/de
Priority claimed from DE19803034495 external-priority patent/DE3034495A1/de
Application filed by Grunzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG, Gruenzweig und Hartmann AG filed Critical Grunzweig und Hartmann und Glasfaser AG
Priority to AT81101553T priority Critical patent/ATE8090T1/de
Publication of EP0035280A2 publication Critical patent/EP0035280A2/fr
Publication of EP0035280A3 publication Critical patent/EP0035280A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0035280B1 publication Critical patent/EP0035280B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/68—Heating arrangements specially adapted for cooking plates or analogous hot-plates
    • H05B3/74—Non-metallic plates, e.g. vitroceramic, ceramic or glassceramic hobs, also including power or control circuits
    • H05B3/748—Resistive heating elements, i.e. heating elements exposed to the air, e.g. coil wire heater

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for heat insulation of a heat source, in particular an electrical heating winding for a radiant-heated hotplate, according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a device is known for example from DE-OS 25 51 137.
  • the material of the insulation layer With the electric radiation heating for a glass ceramic plate there, the material of the insulation layer can be pressed into the receiving shell, which then forms the lower mold for the pressing process.
  • it has been shown that such pressing of the fine-pored insulating material based on a silica airgel against the bottom of the receiving shell leads to difficulties, since this insulating material behaves like a fluid under the pressure of the press ram, but has an internal elasticity.
  • an all-round pressure state is generated in the material which is delimited laterally by the peripheral wall of the receiving shell.
  • the pressed material layer is not very mechanically resistant.
  • the domed or spread material collapses in that the mutual holding forces of the material particles on the side facing the bottom of the receiving shell are eliminated and the material falls off from the inside of the dome thus formed.
  • the material With more punctiform loading, the material is easily pierced because there are no supporting forces on the back. Since the heat source such as the heating winding is to be supported on the top of the insulation layer directly or via further insulation layers, such mechanical instability of the insulation layer is unsustainable, especially since such damage can already occur during transport that significantly reduce the thermal insulation effect.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device of the type outlined in the preamble of claim 1, in which it can be ensured with as little additional effort as possible that bulging of the insulation layer does not occur after the pressure relief by the press ram.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the special material of the insulating layer based on silica airgel, after being relieved by the press ram, behaves in a similar way to a curved cap made of elastic material, for example a curved sheet round plate.
  • a curved flat element With such a curved flat element, three equilibrium states occur, namely two stable equilibrium states with no or with little internal stress in the curved shape towards one of the two sides, and a medium, unstable equilibrium state in the flat shape, out of which with a small deflection in one way or the other snapping out into the stable curved shape.
  • the compressed layer of the insulation material must be prevented from reaching the stable equilibrium state in which it is arched away from the bottom of the receiving shell.
  • the base of the receiving shell can also be convex. Even with a flat surface of the layer, there is then a similar stress distribution, as explained above in connection with a concave curved upper production skin, in the lower layers of the insulating layer near the bottom of the receiving shell. As a result, the lower areas of the insulation layer are prestressed to a certain extent in the direction of the bottom of the receiving shell and pressure from the bottom would be required to snap the insulation layer into a high-arched position.
  • the stable equilibrium position of the lower layers of the insulation layer in their downward arched position towards the bottom of the receiving shell serves to secure the position of the upper layers and the production skin of the insulation layer either in an equally stable equilibrium position with concave curvature or also in the unstable equilibrium position with a flat surface Formation of the surface.
  • the insulation layer can also be secured against snapping up by the floor of the receiving shell holding the lower surface of the insulation layer to a certain extent.
  • the unstable equilibrium state can also be secured with completely flat clamping of the insulation layer between the peripheral walls of the receiving shell, and a stable, arched formation is additionally ensured.
  • mechanical means for clamping or clawing the material of the insulating layer on the bottom of the receiving shell for example by roughening, beads or perforations, can be used.
  • Such an adhesive layer requires no preparatory work in the area of the bottom of the receiving shell and does not impair its appearance from the outside.
  • the insertion can be carried out easily and quickly, after which the pressing process can proceed without any special features. If the adhesive effect of the adhesive exceeds the internal cohesive forces of the pressed insulation layer, which can be achieved without any problems, the bottom layer of the material of the insulation layer is fastened to the floor so well that bulging of the middle part of the insulation layer only with destruction of the connection of the material the insulation layer itself would be conceivable.
  • the insulation layer is thus securely held on the base of the receiving shell even in the event of relatively strong impact loads.
  • any suitable adhesive including, for example, a double-sided adhesive film or the like, is suitable, but it is particularly simple and effective to use adhesives which can be applied in a flowable form to the bottom of the receiving shell.
  • a heat-resistant adhesive is preferred, in particular in the case of the heat incidence conditions in the preferred form of application in the case of radiation-heated hotplates, since this does not show any signs of degradation even in the event of increased heat effects.
  • an organic adhesive in particular based on starch, can be used, which produces a sufficient adhesive effect and causes the lowest possible costs.
  • an inorganic adhesive in particular based on water glass or aluminum silicate, can also be used, particularly if heat resistance is particularly important.
  • the thickness of the adhesive layer or the corresponding amount of adhesive can be chosen so small that a perfect application is still technically possible without any problems.
  • the reason for the usability of such incredibly thin adhesive layers is probably that the material of the insulation layer is very hygroscopic and therefore absorbs the aqueous components when it comes into contact with the flowable adhesive. Since the particle size of the putty used for the material of the insulation layer is extremely small, i.e.
  • the adhesive layer can also be chosen so thin that after the material of the insulating layer has been pressed, at least some of the powder particles touch the top of the bottom of the receiving shell through the adhesive. Adhesive then surrounds these lowermost particles touching the bottom of the receiving shell and creates their connection both to the bottom of the receiving shell and to neighboring particles, so that the microscopically thin bottom layer of the material of the insulating layer by means of the adhesive with one another and directly on the surface of the bottom Holding cup is held.
  • thermal insulation material for thermal insulation of the electric heating coil of a radiation-heated hotplate, or to curve the top of the insulating layer from the heat source seen concave.
  • the thermal insulation material is not pressed into the receptacle, but is cast material or soft fiber material such as a glass fiber cushion.
  • thermal insulation layer is prefabricated as an insert and mechanically reinforced by means of a metal mesh on the edge.
  • the metal braid is used in the mold during the prefabrication of the insert body to create drainage channels for the drainage of the liquid released when pressing the damp insulation material there and can be used to connect an earthing conductor after installing the insert body in the hotplate.
  • the damp, fibrous thermal insulation material of FR-A-2 425 786 does not show the behavior of the thermal insulation material used in the context of the invention under the influence of the press ram.
  • the thermal insulation material is removed from the press mold after compression and inserted as an insert body in the receiving shell, and is not pressed directly into the receiving shell to remain there.
  • the device for thermal insulation illustrated in FIG. 1 essentially consists of a receiving shell 1 made of metal, in particular aluminum sheet, and thermal insulation material 2, which is on the inside of a peripheral wall 3 of the receiving shell 1 between the bottom 4 thereof and a heat source in the form of a heating winding 5 is arranged.
  • the electrically operated heating winding 5 has electrical connections (not shown in more detail) which are led out of the area of the receiving shell 1 in a suitable manner, which is preferably the area of the peripheral wall 3 in order to allow the floor 4 to be undisturbed in the manner illustrated .
  • the device shown is used for radiant heating of a flat glass ceramic plate to form a hotplate thereon, the glass ceramic plate (not shown in more detail) lying on the upper side of a spacer ring 22 made of bonded ceramic fibers and thus receiving a distance from the upper edge of the peripheral wall 3 of the receiving shell 1 and from the heating winding 5.
  • the peripheral wall 3 of the receiving shell 1 and thus the entire device has a substantially circular shape in plan view, which is only disturbed locally by structural bearing elements or the like, such as indentations 6 in the transition region between the peripheral wall 3 and the bottom 4.
  • the thermal insulation material 2 consists of an upper, thicker layer 7 made of high-temperature-resistant material, for example aluminum silicate bonded with inorganic adhesive, which receives the heating winding 5 in bearing recesses 8.
  • an insulating layer 9 is provided, which lies against the bottom 4 of the receiving shell 1 and consists of fine-pored silica airgel.
  • This material is known per se and, in addition to the silica airgel, generally has a mineral fiber reinforcement and / or an opacifying agent;
  • Such highly effective thermal insulation materials are sold by the applicant under the name MINILEIT (registered trademark), reference being made to the relevant DE-OSes 2747663, 2748307 or 2754956 for details of the material, to which reference is expressly made in this regard.
  • a material for the insulating layer 9 is preferably used, which consists of 30 to 50% by weight of pyrogenic silica, 20 to 50% by weight of opacifying agent and 5 to 15% by weight of aluminum silicate fibers, and in a density of 200 to 400 kg / m 3 is present.
  • Such a special thermal insulation material has a thermal conductivity which is lower than that of still air and, moreover, is only slightly temperature-dependent.
  • the sheets made of such material which are pressed from powdery raw materials, are not mechanically resistant and difficult to manufacture. For this reason, panels made from this material are usually surrounded by a solid glass silk fabric during manufacture.
  • the insulating layer 9 is concave in the manner explained in the introduction, at least on its upper side, which has the production skin 10 formed during the pressing, which is visible in FIG. 1 due to the small gap that is formed towards the flat bottom of the layer 7 designed as an insert body .
  • the bottom 4 of the receiving shell 1 can also be convex, that is to say in the same direction as the production skin 10 away from the area of the heating winding 5, and can alternatively or additionally have means for holding the material in the lower area of the insulating layer 9, which at least during Pressing take effect.
  • perforations indicated at 11 can be provided with a machining ridge 12 pointing towards the inside of the base 4, the number of holes in the perforation being largely freely selectable according to the circumstances.
  • the perforation of the perforation can either be uniformly distributed over the bottom 4 or concentrated in the central area or in the area in which a bulge is most likely to be feared. In the illustrated embodiment, this area of possible bulging is the middle area, but it would also be conceivable to provide a central base in the bottom area, for example for the passage of electrical lines to the heating winding 5, which would form a central support against the compressive stresses in the insulation layer 9 , so that a corresponding curvature would occur in an annular area between the base and the peripheral wall 3.
  • Beading can also be provided from a similar point of view of the distribution, as indicated at 13.
  • the arrangement and design of such beads 1'3 can also largely be freely chosen according to the needs of the individual case, short or dot-like beads also being possible, such as annular beads concentric with the stress distribution in the insulation layer 9.
  • the beads 13 should not be too flat be formed, but have at least on the side facing the central axis 14 of the device, a steep wall section, as illustrated at 15, so that the material of the insulation layer 9 is there in a springback after relief by the pressure in the direction of the axis 14 without clawing.
  • a suitable roughening takes place on the inside of the base 4 in order to enable clipping or clawing.
  • Roughening in this context is to be understood to mean any type of corrugation, creasing, etc., whether regular or irregular, that is to say the creation of even the smallest local surface areas on which the material of the insulating layer 9 can be clawed or clipped.
  • an adhesive layer 19 can also be arranged between the inside of the bottom 4 of the receiving shell 1 and the underside of the insulation layer 9, which prevents the insulation layer 9 from lifting off in its central region.
  • the adhesive layer 19 can be formed by an adhesive in the manner explained in the introduction, either an organic or an inorganic adhesive.
  • a heat-resistant adhesive, particularly based on aluminum silicate in particular, is recommended, especially if heat is to be feared, for example, from the outside of the floor 4 or, despite thermal insulation provided by the insulation layer 9 in the area of the floor 4.
  • the layer thickness of the adhesive can be kept as low as is technically practicable. Even the smallest amounts of adhesive penetrate sufficiently between the lowermost particles of the material of the insulation layer 9, since this is highly hygroscopic. In the finished state, the lowermost particles of the insulation layer 9 can lie through the adhesive on the surface of the bottom 4 of the receiving shell 1, that is to say completely penetrate the applied adhesive layer. As a result of this small amount of adhesive, there is absolutely no disruption to the pressing and production process due to the adhesive introduced before the pressing.
  • the insulation layer 9 is essentially flat and is pressed in an approximately 5 mm high layer against the bottom 4 of the receiving shell 1.
  • the layer 7 made of high-temperature-resistant material serves to shield the extremely high temperature of the heating winding 5, for example 1100 ° C., from the explained material of the insulation layer 9, which is to be protected from a temperature drop above approximately 800 ° C.
  • the temperature drop over the height of the layer 7 therefore takes place to a range of approximately 800 ° C., which, in view of the thermal insulation properties of the selected material of the layer 7, leads to a corresponding minimum height to be selected for the layer 7.
  • the thermal insulation properties of the material of the insulation layer 9 are considerably better, so that there is a further temperature drop of 800 ° C. at the top in the area of the production skin 10 to a very low temperature in the area of the floor 4.
  • a thickness of about 5 mm is sufficient for the insulation layer 9 in order to achieve the desired steep further temperature drop.
  • the peripheral walls 3 are only shielded by the material of the layer 7, so that they can be heated to temperatures which are lower than that in consideration of the different heat incidence conditions and possibly higher material thickness Temperature in the area of the production skin 10 of the insulation layer 9, but is still very high.
  • it can be expedient to also protect the peripheral walls 3 from overheating by the special thermal insulation material of the insulating layer 9.
  • an edge 17 made of the material of the insulating layer 9 is drawn up on the inside of the peripheral wall 3, at least about to the level of the heating winding 5 in order to limit heating at this point by lateral radiation of the heating winding.
  • the edge 17 is formed in one piece with the pressing body forming the insulating layer 9 and is pressed together with the insulating layer 9.
  • the inside 18 of the edge 17 is provided conically with an upwardly widening configuration in order to allow the press ram, which of course has a corresponding shape in its side area, to be immersed and extended as well as for a clean assembly of the insert body forming the layer 7 enable.
  • a separate ring made of press material is provided to form a separate edge 17a, which is inserted into the receiving shell 1 for the insulation layer 9 after the pressing process. This avoids any hindrance to the pressing process in the area of the bottom insulation layer 9 due to the simultaneous encapsulation of the material of the edge 17.
  • the inside 18 of the edge 17a formed by the separate ring can also be conical, as explained in connection with FIG. 2.
  • the invention is in no way limited to the embodiment shown and to the use in connection with the mounting of a heating coil 5 for a radiant-heated hotplate. Rather, the invention is fundamentally applicable whenever a material corresponding to the material of the insulating layer 9 is to be pressed against the bottom of a somehow shaped receiving shell on the basis of oxide aerogels obtained in flame pyrolysis to form a thermal insulation device, so that there is a risk that this The material of the insulation layer 9 springs back after the pressure has been released by the press ram and forms a dome that is mechanically very resistant. It is of course also not necessary that the heat source, such as a heating coil 5, is also arranged in the interior of the receiving shell and is supported against the insulation layer 9.
  • the heat source such as a heating coil 5
  • the invention can also be used for introducing a corresponding thermal insulation material into receptacle shells to form thermal insulation cassettes, which can be used, for example, for thermal insulation in the power plant sector.
  • thermal insulation cassettes which can be used, for example, for thermal insulation in the power plant sector.
  • the pressing of the insulation layer 9 into holding shells 1 for the storage of electric heating coils 5 for radiation-heated hot plates which is explained as an exemplary embodiment, is typical Use case, in which the advantages of the invention are particularly evident.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Insulation (AREA)

Claims (21)

1. Dispositif pour l'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur (5), notamment de l'enroulement chauffant électrique d'une plaque de cuisson chauffée par rayonnement, comprenant une cuvette réceptrice (1) destinée à recevoir un matériau isolant thermique (2) disposé entre la source de chaleur et le fond (4) de la cuvette réceptrice, qui est composé d'au moins une couche isolante (9) adjacente au fond, à base d'oxydaérogel microporeux, obtenu par pyrolyse à la flamme, notamment d'un aérogel de silice, éventuellement muni d'un renforcement de fibres minérales et/ou d'un opacifiant, couche qui est moulée directement dans la cuvette réceptrice et qui est comprimée, caractérisé en ce que la couche isolante (9) possède sur sa face qui est à l'opposé du fond (4) une surface (peau de production 10) bombée avec une forme concave - vue de la source de chaleur - et/ou en ce que le fond (4) de la cuvette réceptrice (1) - vu de la face inférieure - est bombé avec une forme convexe et/ou en ce que la face interne du fond (4) de la cuvette réceptrice (1) présente des moyens pour fixer le matériau de la couche isolante (9), à savoir, dans une mesure telle qu'il ne se produise en aucun cas de bombé de la couche isolante (9) vers le haut après la suppression de la sollicitation de pression exercée par le moule mâle servant à mouler le matériau.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que, pour retenir le matériau de la couche isolante (9) contre la face interne du fond (4) de la cuvette réceptrice (1), il est prévu des moyens pour cramponner ou accrocher le matériau de la couche isolante (9).
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le fond (4) présente une rugosité grossière.
4. Dispositif selon la revendication 2 ou 3, ca- ractéris'é en ce que le fond (4) présente des moulures (13).
5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le fond (4) présente des perforations (11).
6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que les perforations (11) présentent une bavure d'usinage (12) située sur la face interne du fond (4).
7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que les moyens de retenue sont formés par une couche d'adhésif (19) disposée entre le fond (4) et la couche isolante (9).
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé par un adhésif réalisé sous la forme d'une colle, de préférence résistante à la chaleur.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, carac- terisé par une colle organique, notamment à base d'amidon.
10. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé par une colle inorganique, notamment à base de verre soluble au de silicate d'aluminium.
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la couche d'adhésif (19) est introduite en une épaisseur minimale en pratique, notamment en une épaisseur inférieure à 0,5 à 1 mm.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins une partie des particules de poudre de la couche isolante (9) touchent la face supérieure du fond (4) de la cuvette réceptrice (1) à travers la colle.
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche isolante (9) est d'au moins environ 3 mm et au maximum d'environ 10 mm.
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la couche isolante (9) est d'environ 5 mm.
15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé en ce que, sur la couche iso- iante (9) est disposée une couche (7) de matière à haute résistance à la température, qui constitue de préférence un élément rapporté.
16. Dispositif selon la revendication 15, caractérisé en ce que la matière à haute résistance à la température est une matière fibreuse céramique, en particulier, à base de silicate d'aluminium.
17. Dispositif selon la revendication 15 ou 16, caractérisé en ce que le couche (7) présente un rebord périphérique (16) qui entoure latéralement le plan de la source de chaleur (l'enroulement chauffant 5).
18. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce que la couche isolante (9) est munie d'un rebord (17; 17a) appuyé contre la paroi périphérique (3) de la cuvette réceptrice (1) et qui se prolonge au moins jusque dans le plan de la source de chaleur (enroulement chauffant 5).
19. Dispositif selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que le rebord (17) est constitué par un élément moulé d'une seule pièce avec la couche isolante (9).
20. Dispositif selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que le rebord (17a) est constitué par une couronne séparée.
21. Dispositif selon la revendication 20, caractérisé en ce que le rebord (17a) forme un élément distinct moulé contre la paroi périphérique (3) de la cuvette réceptrice (1).
EP81101553A 1980-03-05 1981-03-04 Dispositif d'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur Expired EP0035280B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81101553T ATE8090T1 (de) 1980-03-05 1981-03-04 Vorrichtung zur waermedaemmung einer waermequelle.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3008505 1980-03-05
DE19803008505 DE3008505C2 (de) 1980-03-05 1980-03-05 Vorrichtung zur Wärmedämmung einer Wärmequelle
DE19803034495 DE3034495A1 (de) 1980-09-12 1980-09-12 Vorrichtung zur waermedaemmung einer waermequelle
DE3034495 1980-09-12

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0035280A2 EP0035280A2 (fr) 1981-09-09
EP0035280A3 EP0035280A3 (en) 1981-09-23
EP0035280B1 true EP0035280B1 (fr) 1984-06-20

Family

ID=25784107

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81101553A Expired EP0035280B1 (fr) 1980-03-05 1981-03-04 Dispositif d'isolation thermique d'une source de chaleur

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EP (1) EP0035280B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE3164263D1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE40625T1 (de) * 1984-09-22 1989-02-15 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Strahlheizkoerper fuer kochgeraete.
DE3519350A1 (de) * 1985-05-30 1986-12-04 E.G.O. Elektro-Geräte Blanc u. Fischer, 7519 Oberderdingen Strahlungs-heizeinheit
GB8625556D0 (en) * 1986-10-25 1986-11-26 Micropore International Ltd Radiant heaters
DE19522798A1 (de) * 1995-06-23 1997-01-02 Ego Elektro Blanc & Fischer Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Strahlungsheizkörpers und Strahlungsheizkörper
GB2333680B (en) * 1998-01-22 2002-04-17 Ceramaspeed Ltd Electric toaster
DE102009033367B4 (de) 2009-07-16 2016-03-24 Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Aerogel-Aerogel Verbundwerkstoffes
EP2638217B1 (fr) 2010-11-11 2017-05-03 Deutsches Zentrum Für Luft- Und Raumfahrt E.V. (DLR) Matériau composite aérogel-aérogel

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2387461A (en) * 1942-01-01 1945-10-23 Proctor & Schwartz Inc Electrical cooking unit
US3987275A (en) * 1976-02-02 1976-10-19 General Electric Company Glass plate surface heating unit with sheathed heater
DE2820139A1 (de) * 1978-05-09 1979-11-15 Karl Fischer Elektrischer heizkoerper

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Publication number Publication date
DE3164263D1 (en) 1984-07-26
EP0035280A2 (fr) 1981-09-09
EP0035280A3 (en) 1981-09-23

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