EP0033676A1 - Gemeinsame Antenne für Primär-Radar und Sekundär-Radar - Google Patents

Gemeinsame Antenne für Primär-Radar und Sekundär-Radar Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0033676A1
EP0033676A1 EP81400052A EP81400052A EP0033676A1 EP 0033676 A1 EP0033676 A1 EP 0033676A1 EP 81400052 A EP81400052 A EP 81400052A EP 81400052 A EP81400052 A EP 81400052A EP 0033676 A1 EP0033676 A1 EP 0033676A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
reflector
common antenna
radiating elements
antenna according
waves
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP81400052A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0033676B1 (de
Inventor
Albert Dupressoir
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Thales SA
Original Assignee
Thomson CSF SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from FR8001760A external-priority patent/FR2474770A2/fr
Application filed by Thomson CSF SA filed Critical Thomson CSF SA
Priority to AT81400052T priority Critical patent/ATE13111T1/de
Publication of EP0033676A1 publication Critical patent/EP0033676A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033676B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033676B1/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/28—Combinations of substantially independent non-interacting antenna units or systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
    • H01Q21/06—Arrays of individually energised antenna units similarly polarised and spaced apart
    • H01Q21/061—Two dimensional planar arrays
    • H01Q21/067—Two dimensional planar arrays using endfire radiating aerial units transverse to the plane of the array
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q25/00—Antennas or antenna systems providing at least two radiating patterns
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
    • H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
    • H01Q9/16—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole
    • H01Q9/26—Resonant antennas with feed intermediate between the extremities of the antenna, e.g. centre-fed dipole with folded element or elements, the folded parts being spaced apart a small fraction of operating wavelength
    • H01Q9/27—Spiral antennas
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S430/00—Radiation imagery chemistry: process, composition, or product thereof
    • Y10S430/165—Thermal imaging composition

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a common antenna for primary radar and secondary radar.
  • this dual-function antenna is constituted by a single mirror supplied in such a way that it is capable of radiating energy into space in order to detect a target or an aircraft - this is called the primary radar function - and also to send a interrogation signal to this aircraft, which has on board an automatic answering machine - this is called the secondary radar function -.
  • control means comprising radiating elements are added to the single antenna considered, acting on the reception of the interrogation by the interrogated answering machine and on the reception of the latter's response by the receiver concerned. , and which radiate according to a quasi-omnidirectional diagram whose level is such that it covers the secondary lobes of the diagram radiated by the main antenna.
  • This arrangement makes it possible by comparison, made in the associated circuits, of the amplitude of the pulses received from the responder and those of control, to determine the pulse received in response to the interrogation by the main lobe.
  • the control means intended to produce this control diagram must be such that the gain of the associated control channels is greater than that of the interrogation and reception channels in the angular zones comprising secondary lobes of the directive interrogation diagram but much weaker in the direction of their main lobe.
  • the secondary radar function is fulfilled by a linear network of radiating elements totally integrated in the antenna reflector, along a generator passing through the projection of the antenna phase center on the surface of the reflector.
  • the transmission-reception source of the primary radar function radiates a rectilinearly polarized wave and crossed with respect to the rectilinearly polarized wave emitted by the radiating elements of the secondary radar function.
  • the principle of integrating a radiating network into the antenna reflector can also be applied to other types of radiating sources, in particular sources emitting circularly or elliptically polarized waves.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to produce a common antenna for primary radar and secondary radar of the type described in the cited application, consisting firstly of a single reflector illuminated by a primary source playing the role of emission source. reception of the primary radar function and on the other hand, by a linear network of radiating elements totally integrated in the reflector, along the generator passing through the projection of the phase center of the antenna on the surface of the reflector, and serving as a source of transmission-reception of the secondary radar function, characterized in that the radiating elements of the network are such that they generate waves polarized rectilinearly or circularly or elliptically.
  • the source of the primary radar emits rectilinearly polarized waves
  • the source of the secondary radar can emit a wave polarized rectilinear and crossed with respect to the first or else a wave polarized circularly or elliptically, provided that these two sources do not absorb not their waves mutually.
  • the source of the primary radar transmits a circularly or elliptically polarized wave
  • the source of the secondary radar can emit a polarized contra-rotating wave.
  • the secondary radar function comprises a control channel
  • this can emit polarized waves different from those emitted by the source of the primary radar or even from those emitted by the source of the secondary radar.
  • a first category comprising the elements emitting linearly or circulating polarized waves. rement or elliptically, constituted by the waveguides provided with a variable position polarizer, and a second category comprising the elements emitting circularly or elliptically polarized waves, constituted by waveguides with fixed polarizer, by propellers, or by spirals.
  • FIG. 1 schematically represents a sectional view of a reflector 1 of common antenna for primary and secondary radars.
  • This reflector 1 comprises a linear array 2 of radiating elements generating waves polarized rectilinearly or circularly (or elliptically).
  • the reflector 1 is made of metallic material or dielectric 3 - glass mat impregnated with epoxy - covered by a fabric 4 of glass fibers carrying gimped metallic wires 40 and 41 crossed. These wires are generally made of thin copper.
  • the radiating elements consist of polarizing waveguides 2i - i varying from 1 to n, with n representing the total number of elements of an array -, the polarizing device 13 of which is movable in rotation about the axis longitudinal to each guide, and is located in the plane of the reflector 1.
  • This polarizing device 13 is constituted by a plane network of parallel metal blades or by several associated networks of parallel metal wires. This association of networks of wires aims for better adaptation, and the spacing as the number of these associated networks allows adjustment of the width of the operating band of the radiating elements of the linear network 2.
  • each waveguide must be such that it brings a short-circuit plane to the level of the reflector 1 .
  • the guide bars 2i are produced in the reflector 1 from the same material as the reflector, covered in the same way by a fabric 4 of glass fibers carrying metallic wires.
  • the guides are filled with dielectric 3.
  • the excitation elements 6 of these guides 2i - of the plunger or cross-bar type - are inserted into the dielectric 3 filling the guides and have a coaxial base 7 allowing adaptation between the guides 2i and the coaxial lines 8 which connect them to a power divider system 9, placed on the back of the reflector 1 and identical to that described in the main patent application .
  • this control channel has one or more additional elements radiating towards the rear. It may be one or more waveguides 11 formed in the material of the cover 10. These additional radiating elements 11 are reduced in number and placed in the cover 10, in the plane of symmetry of the reflector 1 containing the radiating elements towards the before.
  • FIG. 2 represents an alternative embodiment of a common antenna for primary and secondary radars, the network elements of which radiate polarized waves rectilinearly or circularly or elliptically.
  • the radiating elements of the network are polarizing waveguides 2i of another type - i varying from 1 to n, n being the total number of elements of the network 2 -, the polarizing device 14 being placed at the inside each guide 2i.
  • This device 14 is generally constituted by a dielectric plate symmetrical with respect to the longitudinal axis of each guide 2i, and movable around this axis so as to be able to emit linearly polarized waves as circularly or elliptically, along the radiating path.
  • this device can be constituted by adjustable irises making it possible to modify the opening of the following guide the desired polarization.
  • the radiating elements constituted by polarizing waveguides generate waves polarized rectilinearly or circularly or elliptically, according to the variable position of the polarizing device.
  • the radiating elements are constituted by waveguides with fixed polarizer, they generate circularly polarized waves or else elliptically polarized waves, to the exclusion of each other.
  • the elements consist of propellers 15 each placed in an excitation cavity 16 of dimensions such that it brings a short-circuit plane to the level of the reflector 1.
  • Each propeller is connected to the power divider 9 by 1 'through a coaxial line 150.
  • the radiating elements are spirals 17 placed in the plane of the reflector and each excited by a resonant cavity 18 integrated in the same reflector and of dimensions such that they bring back a plane short circuit at the reflector. These spirals are made mechanically or deposited by photoengraving on a dielectric plate. The supply of each spiral is done via a coaxial line 170 which connects the radiating spiral 17 to the power divider system 9.
  • a common antenna for primary and secondary radars has thus been described for which the radiating elements of the linear array performing the secondary radar function and which are fully integrated in the antenna reflector; are such that they generate polarized waves rectilinearly or circularly or elliptically.

Landscapes

  • Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
  • Support Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Details Of Aerials (AREA)
  • Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
  • Waveguide Aerials (AREA)
EP81400052A 1980-01-28 1981-01-16 Gemeinsame Antenne für Primär-Radar und Sekundär-Radar Expired EP0033676B1 (de)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT81400052T ATE13111T1 (de) 1980-01-28 1981-01-16 Gemeinsame antenne fuer primaer-radar und sekundaer- radar.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR8001760A FR2474770A2 (fr) 1978-12-27 1980-01-28 Antenne commune pour radar primaire et radar secondaire
FR8001760 1980-01-28

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033676A1 true EP0033676A1 (de) 1981-08-12
EP0033676B1 EP0033676B1 (de) 1985-05-02

Family

ID=9237928

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP81400052A Expired EP0033676B1 (de) 1980-01-28 1981-01-16 Gemeinsame Antenne für Primär-Radar und Sekundär-Radar

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US4400701A (de)
EP (1) EP0033676B1 (de)
AT (1) ATE13111T1 (de)
DE (1) DE3170227D1 (de)
DK (1) DK34481A (de)
NO (1) NO154070C (de)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2644298A1 (fr) * 1989-03-07 1990-09-14 Malhanche Michel Antenne destinee a la reception des signaux radio-electriques emis par les satellites geo-stationnaires

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2640431B1 (fr) * 1988-12-08 1991-05-10 Alcatel Espace Dispositif rayonnant multifrequence
US5999137A (en) * 1996-02-27 1999-12-07 Hughes Electronics Corporation Integrated antenna system for satellite terrestrial television reception
US6054963A (en) * 1996-02-27 2000-04-25 Thomson Licensing S.A. Folded bow-tie antenna
US6166703A (en) * 1996-02-27 2000-12-26 Thomson Licensing S.A. Combination satellite and VHF/UHF receiving antenna
US6121936A (en) * 1998-10-13 2000-09-19 Mcdonnell Douglas Corporation Conformable, integrated antenna structure providing multiple radiating apertures
US7126553B1 (en) * 2003-10-02 2006-10-24 The United States Of America As Represented By The Administrator Of The National Aeronautics And Space Administration Deployable antenna
DE102010034073A1 (de) * 2010-08-12 2012-02-16 Conti Temic Microelectronic Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Montage einer Sensor-Baugruppe, insbesondere eines Radarsensors

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1094892A (fr) * 1953-10-16 1955-05-25 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnement aux antennes pour ondes ultra-courtes
FR1540954A (fr) * 1967-05-16 1968-10-04 Csf Perfectionnement aux polariseurs transmetteurs
US3445850A (en) * 1965-11-08 1969-05-20 Canoga Electronics Corp Dual frequency antenna employing parabolic reflector
US3550135A (en) * 1967-03-22 1970-12-22 Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv Dual beam parabolic antenna
EP0013240A1 (de) * 1978-12-27 1980-07-09 Thomson-Csf Gemeinsame Antenne für Primär- und Sekundärradar

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2895127A (en) * 1954-07-20 1959-07-14 Rca Corp Directive diplex antenna

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1094892A (fr) * 1953-10-16 1955-05-25 Thomson Houston Comp Francaise Perfectionnement aux antennes pour ondes ultra-courtes
US3445850A (en) * 1965-11-08 1969-05-20 Canoga Electronics Corp Dual frequency antenna employing parabolic reflector
US3550135A (en) * 1967-03-22 1970-12-22 Hollandse Signaalapparaten Bv Dual beam parabolic antenna
FR1540954A (fr) * 1967-05-16 1968-10-04 Csf Perfectionnement aux polariseurs transmetteurs
EP0013240A1 (de) * 1978-12-27 1980-07-09 Thomson-Csf Gemeinsame Antenne für Primär- und Sekundärradar

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2644298A1 (fr) * 1989-03-07 1990-09-14 Malhanche Michel Antenne destinee a la reception des signaux radio-electriques emis par les satellites geo-stationnaires

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE13111T1 (de) 1985-05-15
US4400701A (en) 1983-08-23
NO810277L (no) 1981-07-29
NO154070C (no) 1986-07-09
DE3170227D1 (en) 1985-06-05
DK34481A (da) 1981-07-29
EP0033676B1 (de) 1985-05-02
NO154070B (no) 1986-04-01

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