EP0033356A1 - Device for the combustion of materials containing low-combustibility ingredients - Google Patents

Device for the combustion of materials containing low-combustibility ingredients Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0033356A1
EP0033356A1 EP80105108A EP80105108A EP0033356A1 EP 0033356 A1 EP0033356 A1 EP 0033356A1 EP 80105108 A EP80105108 A EP 80105108A EP 80105108 A EP80105108 A EP 80105108A EP 0033356 A1 EP0033356 A1 EP 0033356A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidized bed
combustion
combustion chamber
substances
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP80105108A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0033356B1 (en
Inventor
Rolf Noack
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Deutsche Babcock AG
Original Assignee
Deutsche Babcock AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=6093245&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP0033356(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Deutsche Babcock AG filed Critical Deutsche Babcock AG
Publication of EP0033356A1 publication Critical patent/EP0033356A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0033356B1 publication Critical patent/EP0033356B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
    • F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/30—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having a fluidised bed

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an associated device for burning substances with difficultly burning components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances which tend to stick when heated, in a fluidized bed.
  • Substances that have the above-mentioned properties individually or in combination are e.g. certain plastics, the combustion of which is difficult due to these properties.
  • burning substances with a high proportion of volatile components unburned material escapes from the fluidized bed. The heat released by the combustion cannot therefore be completely absorbed by the fluidized bed.
  • a fluidized bed combustion can only be operated at relatively low temperatures of around 700 to 800 ° C., so that it is not readily suitable for the combustion of substances which contain components which are difficult to burn out.
  • substances are, for example, plastics, when they are burned R USS or some hydrocarbons are formed, which completely burn out only at high temperatures and a sufficient residence time at these temperatures.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an associated device to substances with difficult to burn out components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances that tend to stick when heated, adapted to the special requirements - and to be able to completely burn out residence time conditions.
  • This object is achieved in that the combustion is carried out in the fluidized bed and in a combustion chamber downstream of the fluidized bed and in that the combustion air required for this is distributed to the fluidized bed and the combustion chamber in such a way that such part of the heat released is dissipated that in the combustion chamber does not fall below a specified minimum temperature.
  • the heat is preferably extracted from the fluidized bed.
  • This method is suitable for burning all the components which must be subjected to a certain minimum temperature in order to be fully implemented.
  • This temperature is set in the combustion chamber by adding the combustion air required for this. How much this amount is calculated on the basis of a step heat balance from the gross composition and the calorific values of the substances to be burned.
  • the rest of the combustion air is fed into the fluidized bed. If the fluidized bed gets too hot, it will go through Extracted heat from cooling surfaces.
  • the amount of heat to be dissipated in the fluidized bed and thus the size of the cooling surfaces depends on the fuel composition and the proportion of the total combustion air which is introduced into the fluidized bed as primary air.
  • the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the combustion of plastics which tend to stick when heated. These are enveloped in the fluidized bed by the inert material so that the material particles do not stick together and clump together.
  • a device which is characterized in that one e.g. a sedimentation chamber is connected downstream of sand and flows directly into a combustion chamber and that a constriction is provided between the two, in which nozzles for the supply of combustion air are arranged.
  • the constriction serves two purposes. First, it serves as a mixing section for the gas leaving the fluidized bed and the secondary combustion air. The acceleration of the gas creates relative speeds between the gas and any soot particles present, which improves the combustion.
  • the constriction therefore has the function of a burner in this case.
  • the constriction also has the task of largely preventing heat radiation from the combustion chamber into the calming room. In this way, the required minimum temperature and a sufficient dwell time are required, which are required for the complete combustion of the soot and other difficult-to-burn components in the combustion chamber. In addition, the advantages inherent in the fluidized bed remain obtained, so that a small combustion unit with high performance is created.
  • FIG. 1 An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below.
  • the drawing shows schematically a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention.
  • the device shown has a reactor 1 which e.g. is used to incinerate plastic waste which tends to produce soot during incineration or which contains other constituents which only completely burn out at high temperature and with a sufficient dwell time.
  • the reactor 1 can also be used for the combustion of substances with a high proportion of volatile constituents and of substances which tend to stick when heated.
  • the reactor 1 has a combustion chamber 8 above the calming chamber 7, in which the gases leaving the fluidized bed are completely combusted.
  • a constriction 9 is provided between the calming space 7 and the combustion chamber 8 within the reactor 1.
  • the constriction 9 leads to nozzles 10, which are supplied with secondary combustion air from a ring line 11 surrounding the reactor 1.
  • the combustion chamber 8 is lined fireproof in the present case. If necessary, provision can also be made to surround the combustion chamber 8 with cooling tubes. Then the cooling surfaces in the fluidized bed 2 can be omitted.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)

Abstract

Das Verfahren dient zum Verbrennen von Stoffen mit schwer ausbrennenden Bestandteilen und/oder einem hohen Gehalt an flüchtigen Bestandteilen und/oder von Stoffen, die beim Erwärmen zum Verkleben neigen. Die Verbrennung wird in einer Wirbelschicht und einer der Wirbelschicht nachgeschalteten Brennkammer durchgeführt. Die erforderliche Verbrennungsluft wird derart auf die Wirbelschicht und die Brennkammer verteilt und dabei ein solcher Teil der frei werdenden Wärme abgeführt, daß in der Brennkammer eine vorgesehene Mindesttemperatur nicht unterschritten wird. Zur Durchführung des Verfahrens wird eine Vorrichtung verwendet, bei der der Wirbelschicht (2) ein Beruhigungsraum (7) nachgeschaltet ist, der unmittelbar in die Brennkammer (8) übergeht. Zwischen Beruhigungsraum (7) und Brennkammer (8) ist eine Einschnürung (9) vorgesehen, in der Düsen (10) in die Zuführung von Verbrennungsluft angeordnet sind.The method is used to burn substances with difficultly burning components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances that tend to stick when heated. The combustion is carried out in a fluidized bed and in a combustion chamber downstream of the fluidized bed. The required combustion air is distributed to the fluidized bed and the combustion chamber in such a way that such a part of the heat released is dissipated that the temperature in the combustion chamber does not fall below a specified minimum. To carry out the method, a device is used in which the fluidized bed (2) is followed by a settling chamber (7) which merges directly into the combustion chamber (8). A constriction (9) is provided between the calming chamber (7) and the combustion chamber (8), in which nozzles (10) are arranged in the supply of combustion air.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine dazu gehörende Vorrichtung zum Verbrennen von Stoffen mit schwer ausbrennenden Bestandteilen und/oder einem hohen Gehalt an flüchtigen Bestandteilen und/oder Stoffen, die beim Erwärmen zur Verkleben neigen, in einer Wirbelschicht.The invention relates to a method and an associated device for burning substances with difficultly burning components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances which tend to stick when heated, in a fluidized bed.

Stoffe, die die eingangs genannten Eigenschaften einzeln oder in Kombination aufweisen sind z.B. gewisse Kunststoffe, deren Verbrennung aufgrund dieser Eigenschaften Schwierigkeiten bereitet. Bei der Verbrennung von Stoffen mit einem hohen Anteil an flüchtigen Bestandteilen entweicht Unverbranntes aus der Wirbelschicht. Die durch die Verbrennung frei werdende Wärme kann daher nicht vollständig von der Wirbelschicht aufgenommen werden. Es ist in diesem Zusammenhang bekannt, die unverbrannten Bestandteile durch Zuführung von weiterer Luft oberhalb der Wirbelschicht nachzuverbrennen.Substances that have the above-mentioned properties individually or in combination are e.g. certain plastics, the combustion of which is difficult due to these properties. When burning substances with a high proportion of volatile components, unburned material escapes from the fluidized bed. The heat released by the combustion cannot therefore be completely absorbed by the fluidized bed. In this context, it is known to afterburn the unburned constituents by supplying additional air above the fluidized bed.

Durch eine Verbrennung oder eine Teilverbrennung in einem Wirbelbett aus einem körnigen, inertem Material werden sehr hohe volumenbezogene Leistungen erzielt, die auf die hohen Wärme- und Stoffübergangszahlen in der Wirbelschicht zurückzuführen sind. Eine Wirbelschichtfeuerung kann je nach den Eigenschaften der Asche und des inerten Materials nur bei verhältnismäßig niedrigen Temperaturen von etwa 700 bis 800°C betrieben werden, so daß sie nicht ohne weiteres für die Verbrennung von Stoffen geeignet ist, die Schwer ausbrennende Bestandteile enthalten. Als solche Stoffe sind z.B. Kunststoffe anzusehen, bei deren Verbrennung Ruß oder gewisse Kohlenwasserstoffe entstehen, die nur bei hohen Temperaturen und einer ausreichenden Verweilzeit bei diesen Temperaturen vollständig ausbrennen.By combustion or partial combustion in a fluidized bed made of a granular, inert material, very high volume-related outputs are achieved, which are due to the high heat and mass transfer numbers in the fluidized bed. Depending on the properties of the ash and the inert material, a fluidized bed combustion can only be operated at relatively low temperatures of around 700 to 800 ° C., so that it is not readily suitable for the combustion of substances which contain components which are difficult to burn out. Such substances are, for example, plastics, when they are burned R USS or some hydrocarbons are formed, which completely burn out only at high temperatures and a sufficient residence time at these temperatures.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine dazu gehörende Vorrichtung zu schaffen, um Stoffe mit schwer ausbrennenden Bestandteilen und/oder einem hohen Gehalt an flüchtigen Bestandteilen und /oder Stoffe, die beim Erwärmen zum Verkleben neigen, unter den speziellen Erfordernissen angepaßten Temperatur- und Verweilzeitbedingungen vollständig ausbrennen zu können.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an associated device to substances with difficult to burn out components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances that tend to stick when heated, adapted to the special requirements - and to be able to completely burn out residence time conditions.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Verbrennung in der Wirbelschicht und in einer der Wirbelschicht nachgeschalteten Brennkammer durchgeführt wird und daß die dazu erforderliche Verbrennungsluft derart auf die Wirbelschicht und die Brennkammer verteilt und dabei ein solcher Teil der frei werdenden Wärme abgeführt wird, daß in der Brennkammer eine vorgesehene Mindesttemperatur nicht unterschritten wird. Vorzugsweise wird dabei die Wärme der Wirbelschicht entzogen.This object is achieved in that the combustion is carried out in the fluidized bed and in a combustion chamber downstream of the fluidized bed and in that the combustion air required for this is distributed to the fluidized bed and the combustion chamber in such a way that such part of the heat released is dissipated that in the combustion chamber does not fall below a specified minimum temperature. The heat is preferably extracted from the fluidized bed.

Dieses Verfahren ist dazu geeignet, alle die Bestandteile zu verbrennen, die zu ihrer vollständigen Umsetzung einer bestimmten Mindesttemperatur unterworfen sein müssen. Diese Temperatur wird in der Brennkammer eingestellt, indem dort die dazu erforderliche Verbrennungsluft zugesetzt wird. Wie hoch diese Menge ist, errechnet sich aufgrund einer Stufen-Wärmebilanz aus der Bruttozusammensetzung und den Heizwerten der zu verbrennenden Stoffe. Der restliche Anteil der Verbrennungsluft wird der Wirbelschicht zugeführt. Wird dabei die Wirbelschicht zu heiß, so wird ihr durch Kühlflächen Wärme entzogen. Die Höhe der in der Wirbelschicht abzuführenden Wärmemenge und damit die Größe der Kühlflächen hängt ab von der Brennstoffzusammensetzung und dem Anteil der gesamten Verbrennungsluft, der als Primärluft in die Wirbelschicht eingebracht wird. Darüber hinaus eignet sich das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren in besonderer Weise für die Verbrennung von Kunststoffen, die beim Erwärmen zum Verkleben neigen. Diese werden in der Wirbelschicht von dem inerten Material umhüllt, so daß die Stoffteilchen nicht miteinander verkleben und verklumpen.This method is suitable for burning all the components which must be subjected to a certain minimum temperature in order to be fully implemented. This temperature is set in the combustion chamber by adding the combustion air required for this. How much this amount is calculated on the basis of a step heat balance from the gross composition and the calorific values of the substances to be burned. The rest of the combustion air is fed into the fluidized bed. If the fluidized bed gets too hot, it will go through Extracted heat from cooling surfaces. The amount of heat to be dissipated in the fluidized bed and thus the size of the cooling surfaces depends on the fuel composition and the proportion of the total combustion air which is introduced into the fluidized bed as primary air. In addition, the method according to the invention is particularly suitable for the combustion of plastics which tend to stick when heated. These are enveloped in the fluidized bed by the inert material so that the material particles do not stick together and clump together.

Zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens wird eine Vorrichtung vorgeschlagen, die dadurch gekennzeichnet ist, daß einer z.B. aus Sand aufgebauten Wirbelschicht ein Beruhigungsraum nachgeschaltet ist, der unmittelbar in eine Brennkammer übergeht und daß zwischen den beiden eine Einschnürung vorgesehen ist, in der Düsen für die Zuführung von Verbrennungsluft angeordnet sind. Die Einschnürung erfüllt zwei Aufgaben. Zunächst dient sie als Mischstrecke für das die Wirbelschicht verlassende Gas und die sekundäre Verbrennungsluft. Dabei entstehen durch die Beschleunigung des Gases Relativgeschwindigkeiten zwischen dem Gas und etwa vorhandenen Rußpartikeln, was die Verbrennung verbessert. Die Einschnürung hat daher in diesem Fall die Funktion eines Brenners.To carry out this method, a device is proposed which is characterized in that one e.g. a sedimentation chamber is connected downstream of sand and flows directly into a combustion chamber and that a constriction is provided between the two, in which nozzles for the supply of combustion air are arranged. The constriction serves two purposes. First, it serves as a mixing section for the gas leaving the fluidized bed and the secondary combustion air. The acceleration of the gas creates relative speeds between the gas and any soot particles present, which improves the combustion. The constriction therefore has the function of a burner in this case.

Die Einschnürung hat weiterhin die Aufgabe, die Wärmestrahlung aus der Brennkammer in den Beruhigungsraum weitgehend zu unterbinden. Auf diese Weise sind die geforderte Mindesttemperatur und eine ausreichende Verweilzeit einzuhalten, die zur vollständigen Verbrennung des Rußes und der anderen schwer ausbrennenden Bestandteile in der Brennkammer erforderlich sind. Darüber hinaus bleiben die der Wirbelschicht eigenen Vorteile erhalten, so daß insgesamt eine kleine Verbrennungseinheit mit großer Leistung entsteht.The constriction also has the task of largely preventing heat radiation from the combustion chamber into the calming room. In this way, the required minimum temperature and a sufficient dwell time are required, which are required for the complete combustion of the soot and other difficult-to-burn components in the combustion chamber. In addition, the advantages inherent in the fluidized bed remain obtained, so that a small combustion unit with high performance is created.

Ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung ist in der Zeichnung dargestellt und wird im folgenden näher beschrieben. Die Zeichnung stellt schematisch einen Längsschnitt durch eine Vorrichtung gemäß der Erfindung dar.An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and will be described in more detail below. The drawing shows schematically a longitudinal section through a device according to the invention.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung weist einen Reaktor 1 auf, der z.B. zur Verbrennung von Kunststoffabfällen dient, die bei der Verbrennung zur Rußbildung neigen, oder die andere Bestandteile enthalten, die nur bei hoher Temperatur und ausreichender Verweilzeit vollständig ausbrennen. Der Reaktor 1 kann auch für die Verbrennung von Stoffen mit einem hohen Anteil an flüchtigen Bestandteilen sowie von Stoffen, die beim Erwärmen zum Verkleben neigen, eingesetzt werden.The device shown has a reactor 1 which e.g. is used to incinerate plastic waste which tends to produce soot during incineration or which contains other constituents which only completely burn out at high temperature and with a sufficient dwell time. The reactor 1 can also be used for the combustion of substances with a high proportion of volatile constituents and of substances which tend to stick when heated.

In seinem unteren Teil weist der Reaktor 1 eine Wirbelschicht 2 auf, die oberhalb eines Anströmbodens 3 aufrecht erhalten wird. Unterhalb des Anströmbodens 3 befindet sich ein Luftkasten 4, in den durch eine Leitung 5 primäre Verbrennungsluft zugeführt wird. Die Kunststoffabfälle werden durch einen seitlichen Schacht 6 in die Wirbelschicht 2 eingespeist.In its lower part, the reactor 1 has a fluidized bed 2, which is maintained above an inflow floor 3. Below the inflow floor 3 there is an air box 4 into which primary combustion air is fed through a line 5. The plastic waste is fed into the fluidized bed 2 through a side shaft 6.

Durch die Umsetzung der Kunststoffabfälle mit der eingeblasenen Verbrennungsluft erfolgt innerhalb der Wirbelschicht 2 eine Schwelung bzw. eine Teilverbrennung.As a result of the implementation of the plastic waste with the blown-in combustion air, smoldering or partial combustion takes place within the fluidized bed 2.

Die Rußpartikel und andere schwer ausbrennende Bestandteile enthaltenden Gase treten mit einer Temperatur von etwa 650°C aus der-Wirbelschicht 2 aus und gelangen in einen Beruhigungsraum 7, der oberhalb der Wirbelschicht 2 innerhalb des Reaktors 1 vorgesehen ist und der einen größeren Querschnitt aufweist als die Wirbelschicht 2. Der Beruhigungsraum 7 dient dazu, das Mitreißen von Feststoffpartikeln aus der Wirbelschicht 2 durch die Gase weitgehend zu vermeiden.The soot particles and other gases that contain hard-to-burn components emerge from the fluidized bed 2 at a temperature of about 650 ° C. and reach a settling chamber 7, which is provided above the fluidized bed 2 inside the reactor 1 and one has a larger cross section than the fluidized bed 2. The calming chamber 7 serves to largely avoid entrainment of solid particles from the fluidized bed 2 by the gases.

Der Reaktor 1 weist oberhalb des Beruhigungsraumes 7 eine Brennkammer 8 auf, in der die die Wirbelschicht verlassenden Gase vollständig verbrannt werden. Zwischen dem Beruhigungsraum 7 und der Brennkammer 8 ist innerhalb des Reaktors 1 eine Einschnürung 9 vorgesehen. Durch die Einschnürung 9 sind Düsen 10 geführt, die aus einer den Reaktor 1 umgebenden Ringleitung 11 mit sekundärer Verbrennnungsluft versorgt werden.The reactor 1 has a combustion chamber 8 above the calming chamber 7, in which the gases leaving the fluidized bed are completely combusted. A constriction 9 is provided between the calming space 7 and the combustion chamber 8 within the reactor 1. The constriction 9 leads to nozzles 10, which are supplied with secondary combustion air from a ring line 11 surrounding the reactor 1.

Die Brennkammer 8 ist über eine feuerfest ausgekleidete Rohrleitung 12 mit einem Abhitzekessel 13 verbunden. Der Abhitzekessel 13 ist als Rauchgaszug ausgebildet und enthält mehrere, nur schematisch angedeutete Wärmetauscher 14. Nach ihrer Wärmeabgabe verlassen die gekühlten Gase den Abhitzekessel 13 aus dessen unteren Teil.The combustion chamber 8 is connected to a waste heat boiler 13 via a refractory lined pipeline 12. The waste heat boiler 13 is designed as a flue gas duct and contains a plurality of heat exchangers 14, which are only indicated schematically. After their heat has been released, the cooled gases leave the waste heat boiler 13 from its lower part.

In der Wirbelschicht 2 sind Kühlflächen vorgesehen. Diese Kühlflächen können als herausziehbarer Rohrbündel 15 ausgebildet sein. Auf diese Weise läßt sich die Größe der Kühlflächen dem Wärmeangebot in der Wirbelschicht 2 anpassen.Cooling surfaces are provided in the fluidized bed 2. These cooling surfaces can be designed as a pull-out tube bundle 15. In this way, the size of the cooling surfaces can be adapted to the heat available in the fluidized bed 2.

Die Brennkammer 8 ist im vorliegenden Fall feuerfest ausgekleidet. Im Bedarfsfalle kann auch vorgesehen werden, die Brennkammer 8 mit Kühlrohren zu umgeben. Dann können die Kühlflächen in der Wirbelschicht 2 entfallen.The combustion chamber 8 is lined fireproof in the present case. If necessary, provision can also be made to surround the combustion chamber 8 with cooling tubes. Then the cooling surfaces in the fluidized bed 2 can be omitted.

Durch die Düsen 10 wird der Brennkammer 8 ein solcher Anteil an Verbrennungsluft zugeführt, daß sich eine Mindesttemperatur einstellt, die zur Verbrennung des aus der Wirbelschicht 2 austretenden Gases einschließlich der in ihm enthaltenen schwer ausbrennenden Bestandteile ausreicht. Der restliche Anteil der stöchiometrischen Verbrennungsluft wird durch den Anströmboden 3 in die Wirbelschicht 2 eingeblasen. Durch das in dem Rohrbündel 15 strömende Kühlmedium wird der Wirbelschicht 2 ein Teil der Wärme entzogen. Die Wärmemengenabfuhr hängt von dem Verhältnis zwischen Primärverbrennungsluft-und - Brennstoff ab. über die Wärmeabfuhr in der Wirbelschicht 2 und damit letztlich über das Primärluft-Brennstoff-Verhältnis in der Wirbelschicht 2 wird die Mindesttemperatur in der Brennkammer 8 eingestellt. Durch die Austauschmöglichkeit des Rohrbündels 15 kann dem Brennverhalten und der Wärmeentwicklung der unterschiedlichen Stoffe Rechnung getragen werden.Such a proportion of combustion air is fed through the nozzles 10 to the combustion chamber 8 that a minimum temperature is established which includes for the combustion of the gas emerging from the fluidized bed 2 enough of the difficultly burning components contained in it. The remaining portion of the stoichiometric combustion air is blown into the fluidized bed 2 through the inflow floor 3. Part of the heat is removed from the fluidized bed 2 by the cooling medium flowing in the tube bundle 15. The heat removal depends on the ratio between the primary combustion air and the fuel. The minimum temperature in the combustion chamber 8 is set via the heat dissipation in the fluidized bed 2 and thus ultimately via the primary air / fuel ratio in the fluidized bed 2. By exchanging the tube bundle 15, the burning behavior and the heat development of the different substances can be taken into account.

Claims (8)

1. Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Stoffen mit schwer ausbrennenden Bestandteilen und/oder einem hohen Gehalt an flüchtigen Bestandteilen und/oder Stoffen, die beim Erwärmen zum Verkleben neigen, in einer Wirbelschicht, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Verbrennung in der Wirbelschicht und in einer der Wirbelschicht nachgeschalteten Brennkammer durchgeführt wird und daß die dazu erforderliche Verbrennungsluft derart auf die Wirbelschicht und die Brennkammer verteilt und dabei ein solcher Teil der frei werdenden Wärme abgeführt wird, daß in der Brennkammer eine vorgesehene Mindesttemperatur nicht unterschritten wird.1. A method for burning substances with difficultly burning components and / or a high content of volatile components and / or substances that tend to stick when heated, in a fluidized bed, characterized in that the combustion in the fluidized bed and in one of the fluidized bed downstream combustion chamber is carried out and that the combustion air required for this is distributed to the fluidized bed and the combustion chamber in such a way that such a part of the released heat is dissipated that in the combustion chamber the temperature does not fall below a specified minimum. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Wärme der Wirbelschicht entzogen wird.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat is removed from the fluidized bed. 3. Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens nach den Ansprüchen 1 und 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß einer Wirbelschicht (2) ein Beruhigungsraum (7) nachgeschaltet ist, der unmittelbar in eine Brennkammer (8) übergeht und daß zwischen beiden eine Einschnürung (9) vorgesehen ist, in der Düsen (10) für die Zuführung von Verbrennungsluft angeordnet sind.3. Device for carrying out the method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a fluidized bed (2) is followed by a calming space (7) which merges directly into a combustion chamber (8) and that a constriction (9) is provided between the two is arranged in the nozzles (10) for the supply of combustion air. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß in der Wirbelschicht (2) Kühlflächen vorgesehen sind.4. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that cooling surfaces are provided in the fluidized bed (2). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Kühlflächen als herausziehbares Rohrbündel (15) ausgebildet sind.5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the cooling surfaces are designed as a pull-out tube bundle (15). 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Brennkammer (8) mit Kühlflächen versehen ist.6. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the combustion chamber (8) is provided with cooling surfaces. 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Brennkammer (8) feuerfest ausgekleidet ist.7. The device according to claim 3, characterized in that the combustion chamber (8) is lined fireproof. 8. Vorrichtung nach den Ansprüchen 3 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet , daß die Brennkammer (8) über eine feuerfest ausgekleidete Rohrleitung (12) mit einem Abhitzekessel (13) verbunden ist.8. Device according to claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the combustion chamber (8) via a fire-resistant lined pipe (12) is connected to a waste heat boiler (13).
EP80105108A 1980-01-30 1980-08-28 Device for the combustion of materials containing low-combustibility ingredients Expired EP0033356B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19803003245 DE3003245A1 (en) 1980-01-30 1980-01-30 METHOD AND DEVICE FOR BURNING SUBSTANCES WITH HEAVY BURNING INGREDIENTS
DE3003245 1980-01-30

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0033356A1 true EP0033356A1 (en) 1981-08-12
EP0033356B1 EP0033356B1 (en) 1983-09-07

Family

ID=6093245

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP80105108A Expired EP0033356B1 (en) 1980-01-30 1980-08-28 Device for the combustion of materials containing low-combustibility ingredients

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US4377119A (en)
EP (1) EP0033356B1 (en)
DE (1) DE3003245A1 (en)

Cited By (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2525734A1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-10-28 Sulzer Ag STEAM GENERATOR WITH TURBULENT LAYER
DE3443721A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-05 Förster, Günther, Dipl.-Ing., 6300 Gießen Fluidized bed reactor for the thermal removal of waste
DE3443722A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-12 Foerster Guenther Process for the thermal disposal of halogen compounds, in particular wastes containing chlorine compounds forming dioxins, phosgene and polychlorinated biphenyls and fluidised-bed reactor for carrying it out
WO1988004013A1 (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-06-02 Aalborg Vaerft A/S Process for purification of flue gas
EP0289932A1 (en) * 1987-04-27 1988-11-09 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Method and plant for the combustion of solid fluidised fuels
EP0509364A2 (en) * 1991-04-15 1992-10-21 Ebara Corporation Incinerator
US5257585A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-11-02 Ebara Corporation Incinerator
EP0601584A1 (en) * 1992-12-11 1994-06-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Waste incinerator and waste incinerating method using same

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PT73597B (en) * 1980-08-29 1983-09-27 Flameless Furnaces Ltd Improvement in or relating to fluidised beds
FR2513622A1 (en) * 1981-09-28 1983-04-01 Fives Cail Babcock PROCESS AND APPARATUS FOR THE CALCINATION OF MINERAL MATERIALS IN POWDER, IN PARTICULAR IN CEMENT PRODUCTS
US4548138A (en) * 1981-12-17 1985-10-22 York-Shipley, Inc. Fast fluidized bed reactor and method of operating the reactor
US4597362A (en) * 1984-09-05 1986-07-01 The Garrett Corporation Fluidized bed combustor
JPH0799253B2 (en) * 1986-01-21 1995-10-25 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Secondary combustion promotion method of fluidized bed furnace.
JPH0799257B2 (en) * 1986-01-21 1995-10-25 石川島播磨重工業株式会社 Stable combustion method of fluidized bed furnace
JPH07104105B2 (en) * 1987-03-17 1995-11-13 株式会社小松製作所 Flow homogenization method for long-axis fluidized bed furnace
US5029557A (en) * 1987-05-01 1991-07-09 Donlee Technologies, Inc. Cyclone combustion apparatus
DE3822999C1 (en) * 1988-07-07 1990-01-04 Vereinigte Kesselwerke Ag, 4000 Duesseldorf, De
US5014651A (en) * 1988-08-25 1991-05-14 D.U.T. Pty. Ltd. Method and apparatus for improving utilization of fuel values of as-mined coal in pulverized fuel-fired boilers
DK0458967T3 (en) * 1989-02-17 1994-09-05 Ebara Corp Incinerator with fluid bed
DE3905553A1 (en) * 1989-02-23 1990-08-30 Metallgesellschaft Ag SWIRLING COMBUSTION CHAMBER
DE19501504C1 (en) * 1995-01-19 1996-03-21 Ralf Dipl Ing Paulsen Plant for burning material in eddy layer
US5951277A (en) * 1996-11-01 1999-09-14 The Robert L. Parham Trust Refractory hood for circulating fluidized bed
KR100482498B1 (en) * 1999-01-27 2005-04-14 스미토모 긴조쿠 고교 가부시키가이샤 Gasification melting furnace for wastes and gasification melting method
MY170133A (en) * 2012-10-16 2019-07-05 Sumitomo Heavy Industries Fluidized bed combustor

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH416904A (en) * 1960-08-10 1966-07-15 Licentia Gmbh Process for burning inferior fuels and boiler system for carrying out the process
CH440527A (en) * 1962-12-19 1967-07-31 Haniel & Lueg Gmbh Process for incinerating sewage sludge using a fluidized bed furnace
DE1401888A1 (en) * 1960-03-25 1969-02-06 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Waste incineration plant combined with a radiation boiler
CH577144A5 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-06-30 Mustad Stoperi & Mek Verksted Low grade fuel burning fluidised bed - uses fluidisation gas mixture made from primary air and combustion gases
FR2296144A1 (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-07-23 Beaumond Jean Incinerator for industrial waste - where combustibles are supplied in a shreded condition and kept in fluidised state in combustion chamber
US4023508A (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-05-17 John Zink Company Apparatus to burn waste combustible polymers
GB2020403A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-14 Heenan Environmental Systems Combustion furnace and method of operating same

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1315899A (en) * 1961-12-14 1963-01-25 Combustion process and device for low volatility liquids, as well as their applications
US3605655A (en) * 1970-05-05 1971-09-20 Fuller Co Method and apparatus for incinerating combustible wastes
US3907674A (en) * 1974-04-24 1975-09-23 Dorr Oliver Inc Fluid bed incineration of wastes containing alkali metal chlorides
US4036153A (en) * 1975-07-03 1977-07-19 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Fluid bed incinerator feed system
SE7413296L (en) * 1975-07-25 1975-10-30 Sprocket Properties Ltd COMBUSTION OVEN WITH PRESSURE GAS BED
US4168670A (en) * 1977-01-03 1979-09-25 Dorr-Oliver Incorporated Incineration of lime-conditioned sewage sludge with high sulfur fuel
GB1604998A (en) * 1978-05-31 1981-12-16 Deborah Fluidised Combustion Disposal of waste products by combustion

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1401888A1 (en) * 1960-03-25 1969-02-06 Steinmueller Gmbh L & C Waste incineration plant combined with a radiation boiler
CH416904A (en) * 1960-08-10 1966-07-15 Licentia Gmbh Process for burning inferior fuels and boiler system for carrying out the process
CH440527A (en) * 1962-12-19 1967-07-31 Haniel & Lueg Gmbh Process for incinerating sewage sludge using a fluidized bed furnace
CH577144A5 (en) * 1974-10-03 1976-06-30 Mustad Stoperi & Mek Verksted Low grade fuel burning fluidised bed - uses fluidisation gas mixture made from primary air and combustion gases
FR2296144A1 (en) * 1974-12-23 1976-07-23 Beaumond Jean Incinerator for industrial waste - where combustibles are supplied in a shreded condition and kept in fluidised state in combustion chamber
US4023508A (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-05-17 John Zink Company Apparatus to burn waste combustible polymers
DE2717760A1 (en) * 1976-04-22 1977-11-10 Zink Co John DEVICE FOR INCINERATING SOLID AND SEMI-SOLID WASTE PARTICLES, IN PARTICULAR POLYMERS
GB2020403A (en) * 1978-04-19 1979-11-14 Heenan Environmental Systems Combustion furnace and method of operating same

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2525734A1 (en) * 1982-04-26 1983-10-28 Sulzer Ag STEAM GENERATOR WITH TURBULENT LAYER
DE3443721A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-05 Förster, Günther, Dipl.-Ing., 6300 Gießen Fluidized bed reactor for the thermal removal of waste
DE3443722A1 (en) * 1984-11-30 1986-06-12 Foerster Guenther Process for the thermal disposal of halogen compounds, in particular wastes containing chlorine compounds forming dioxins, phosgene and polychlorinated biphenyls and fluidised-bed reactor for carrying it out
WO1988004013A1 (en) * 1986-11-17 1988-06-02 Aalborg Vaerft A/S Process for purification of flue gas
EP0289932A1 (en) * 1987-04-27 1988-11-09 Energiagazdalkodasi Intezet Method and plant for the combustion of solid fluidised fuels
EP0509364A2 (en) * 1991-04-15 1992-10-21 Ebara Corporation Incinerator
EP0509364A3 (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-01-20 Ebara Corporation Incinerator
US5257585A (en) * 1991-04-15 1993-11-02 Ebara Corporation Incinerator
CN1039154C (en) * 1991-04-15 1998-07-15 株式会社荏原制作所 Incinerator
EP0601584A1 (en) * 1992-12-11 1994-06-15 Kabushiki Kaisha Kobe Seiko Sho Waste incinerator and waste incinerating method using same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3003245A1 (en) 1981-11-12
EP0033356B1 (en) 1983-09-07
US4377119A (en) 1983-03-22

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0033356A1 (en) Device for the combustion of materials containing low-combustibility ingredients
DE2933716C2 (en) Gas generator equipped with a steam generating system
DE4312820C2 (en) Process for burning fuels, especially waste
DE2750672A1 (en) HEAT GENERATION PROCESS AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION
CH638296A5 (en) METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR BURNING CARBONOUS RAW MATERIALS BY MEANS OF SOLID FUELS IN A DC-REGENERATIVE CHAMBER.
DE19722070C2 (en) Process for low NO¶x¶ combustion of hard coal in dry-ash steam generators
DE69018059T2 (en) METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE COMBUSTION OF TOXIC OXYGEN-FREE EXHAUST GASES.
DE3112120C2 (en) Fluidized bed combustion with an ash cooler
DE7829337U1 (en) DRYER DEVICE
DE2946774A1 (en) Refuse combustion system - with gases from pyrolysis chamber passed tangentially to final solids fusion chamber
DE2831349A1 (en) DEVICE FOR INCINERATING PARTICULATE WASTE MATERIAL
DE2608170A1 (en) PROCESS FOR THE GASIFICATION AND COMBUSTION OF COAL TO RECOVER USED HEAT AND COAL GASIFICATION BURNERS FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS
DE3705406A1 (en) Solids gasification heating furnace
DE3109685A1 (en) Apparatus for the afterburning of combustible suspended components from the smoke gases of a fluidised bed combustion apparatus
DE429878C (en) Half-gas inclined grate combustion
EP0006974A2 (en) Burner for pulverised coal
DE373300C (en) Flame pipe internals
DE3516058C2 (en) Tunnel furnace for firing ceramic blanks and method for operating such a tunnel furnace
DE3119517A1 (en) Process for firing or calcining coal blocks in a circular kiln with recycling of the flue gas and an apparatus for carrying out the process
EP0681145B1 (en) Method for incinerating plastics
DE580363C (en) Smoldering furnace heating with backlogs
DE3803134C2 (en) Primary measures to reduce pollutants during combustion
AT204673B (en) Plant for the combustion of all kinds of fuels
DE576548C (en) Device for incinerating waste such as garbage
DE1102333B (en) Process for burning a solid, grainy, low-ash fuel in a cyclone furnace

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE FR GB IT NL

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19810829

ITF It: translation for a ep patent filed

Owner name: STUDIO KOHLER - FONTANA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Designated state(s): BE FR GB IT NL

ET Fr: translation filed
PLBI Opposition filed

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 19840717

Year of fee payment: 5

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 19840724

Year of fee payment: 5

26 Opposition filed

Opponent name: GEBRUEDER SULZER AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT

Effective date: 19840605

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 19840930

Year of fee payment: 5

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Effective date: 19850828

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee
NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee
RDAG Patent revoked

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

27W Patent revoked

Effective date: 19860225

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: DEUTSCHE BABCOCK A.G.

Effective date: 19860831

GBPR Gb: patent revoked under art. 102 of the ep convention designating the uk as contracting state
PLAB Opposition data, opponent's data or that of the opponent's representative modified

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009299OPPO