EP0681145B1 - Method for incinerating plastics - Google Patents
Method for incinerating plastics Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0681145B1 EP0681145B1 EP95106058A EP95106058A EP0681145B1 EP 0681145 B1 EP0681145 B1 EP 0681145B1 EP 95106058 A EP95106058 A EP 95106058A EP 95106058 A EP95106058 A EP 95106058A EP 0681145 B1 EP0681145 B1 EP 0681145B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- plastic
- burner
- plastic waste
- waste
- injection device
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Revoked
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/12—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of plastics, e.g. rubber
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for burning plastic waste.
- plastic waste for example in private households incurred, either landfilled in a mixture with the residual waste or burned in domestic waste incineration plants.
- the fireboxes The domestic waste incineration plants are based on the current state of development predominantly designed as grate firing, the regarding the thermal design for the calorific value of household waste are aligned. Pure plastics can because of the very much higher calorific value and the low melting point there not used alone (risk of sticking). As a result would need the plastic fraction that sorts out of household waste was used for thermal recycling in a domestic waste incineration plant be mixed homogeneously with the residual waste.
- the method that solves the problem is that the a determined grain size by means of ground plastic waste a separate blowing device independent of the burner in led a combustion chamber of a dust burner and ignited there be, the blowing device is designed such that the trajectory of the ground plastic waste to complete Combustion remains in the area of high temperatures for a sufficiently long time.
- a gaseous fuel e.g. Natural gas G or a Cooling air flow in a second tube, concentric around the inner tube, and the preheated combustion air L with or without coal loaded in a third, concentrically guided around the second tube Outer tube added to a combustion chamber 2.
- the management of fuel and gas flows take place in such a way that thorough mixing, good flame stability and complete burnout guaranteed is.
- the plastic K can be separated Lance 3, which can be cooled or uncooled, in the Combustion chamber 2 are added so that the trajectory of the plastic particles long enough for complete combustion High temperature area lingers.
- plastic waste are homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene Propylene, styrene and polyamide as well as any mixtures these substances even in the presence of PVC and PET and in compositions, which correspond to the plastic fraction in household waste, can be used if the maximum grain size is less than 2 mm.
- plastic waste both over the burner 1, however separated from the coal and air flow, as well as separately via an additional lance 3 can be introduced into the combustion chamber 2.
- All coal (hard and brown coal) and usual fuel gases (e.g. natural gas, town gas, synthesis gas etc.) in any proportions can be used, with the burnout increasing Improved load share of the plastic.
- the best burnout and emission results were tested in pilot plants a thermal load share of the plastic of 50 to 80% Hard coal support firing and addition of the plastic via a separate Lance achieved.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Kunststoffabfällen.The invention relates to a method for burning plastic waste.
Bisher wurden Kunststoffabfälle, die beispielsweise in privaten haushalten anfallen, im Gemisch mit dem Restmüll entweder deponiert oder in Hausmüllverbrennungsanlagen verbrannt. Die Feuerräume der Hausmüllverbrennungsanlagen sind nach heutigem Entwicklungsstand überwiegend als Rostfeuerungen ausgeführt, die bezüglich der thermischen Auslegung auf den Heizwert des Hausmülls ausgerichtet sind. Reine Kunststoffe können aufgrund des sehr viel höheren Heizwertes und des niedrigen Schmelzpunktes dort alleine nicht eingesetzt werden (Verklebungsgefahr). Demzufolge müßte die Kunststofffraktion, die aus dem Hausmüll aussortiert wurde, zur thermischen Verwertung in einer Hausmüllverbrennungsanlage wieder homogen mit dem Restmüll vermischt werden.So far, plastic waste, for example in private households incurred, either landfilled in a mixture with the residual waste or burned in domestic waste incineration plants. The fireboxes The domestic waste incineration plants are based on the current state of development predominantly designed as grate firing, the regarding the thermal design for the calorific value of household waste are aligned. Pure plastics can because of the very much higher calorific value and the low melting point there not used alone (risk of sticking). As a result would need the plastic fraction that sorts out of household waste was used for thermal recycling in a domestic waste incineration plant be mixed homogeneously with the residual waste.
In der DE-U 9 313 518 wird ein Kohlenstaubbrenner für die gleichzeitige Verbrennung von Kohlenstaub und Kunststoff beschrieben. Die US-A 5 069 145 beschreibt ein Entsorgungsverfahren von Kunststoffabfällen durch Verbrennung auf einem Schiff.In DE-U 9 313 518 a coal dust burner for the simultaneous Burning coal dust and plastic described. US-A 5 069 145 describes a disposal process for plastic waste by burning on a ship.
Es war daher die Aufgabe zu lösen, ein Verfahren zum Verbrennen von Kunststoffabfällen zu schaffen, nach dem die Abfälle sowohl in reiner als auch in gemischter Form in einer vorhandenen Verbrennungsanlage ohne tief eingreifende apparative Änderung mit möglichst hoher Energienutzung verfeuert werden können.It was therefore the task to solve a method of burning of plastic waste, after which the waste both in pure as well as in mixed form in an existing incineration plant without deeply changing equipment the highest possible use of energy can be burned.
Das die Aufgabe lösende Verfahren besteht darin, daß die auf eine bestimmt Korngröße gemahlenen Kunststoffabfälle mittels einer separaten vom Brenner unabhängigen Einblasvorrichtung in einen Brennraum einer Staubfeuerung geführt und dort entzündet werden, wobei die einblasvorrichtung derart gestaltet ist, daß die Flugbahn der gemahlenen Kunststoffabfälle zur vollständigen Verbrennung ausreichend lange im Bereich hoher Temperaturen verweilt.The method that solves the problem is that the a determined grain size by means of ground plastic waste a separate blowing device independent of the burner in led a combustion chamber of a dust burner and ignited there be, the blowing device is designed such that the trajectory of the ground plastic waste to complete Combustion remains in the area of high temperatures for a sufficiently long time.
Einzelheiten und Vorteile des Verfahrens nach der Erfindung anhand des in Figur 2 schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels nachfolgend beschrieben. Details and advantages of the method according to the invention based on of the embodiment shown schematically in Figure 2 described below.
Es zeigen
Figur 1- einen Brenner gemäß dem Stand der Technik für die Zugabe Gasströme, im Längsschnitt,
Figur 2- einen Brenner für die Zugabe von Brennstoff- und Gasstrom mit einer nebenliegenden, separaten Lanze für die Zugabe der Kunststoffabfälle, im Längsschnitt.
- Figure 1
- a burner according to the prior art for adding gas flows, in longitudinal section,
- Figure 2
- a burner for the addition of fuel and gas flow with an adjacent, separate lance for the addition of plastic waste, in longitudinal section.
Bei der Verbrennung von Kunststoffen, beispielsweise in einer Kraftwerksfeuerung, ist eine direkte Zugabe des Kunststoffabfalls zur Rohkohle aufgrund der Temperaturbedingungen bei der Kohletrocknung und -mahlung und der damit verbundenen Verklebungsgefahren nicht möglich. Die Zugabe muß daher über eine separate Einblasvorrichtung, die mit einem nicht vorgewärmten Gasstrom beaufschlagt wird, derart erfolgen, daß die Verweilzeit der Kunststoffpartikel in der heißen Verbrennungszone für eine vollständige Entgasung und einen vollständigen Ausbrand ausreichend ist.When burning plastics, for example in a Power plant firing is a direct addition of plastic waste to raw coal due to the temperature conditions during coal drying and grinding and the associated risk of sticking not possible. The addition must therefore be made via a separate Blowing device which acts on a non-preheated gas stream will be such that the residence time of the plastic particles in the hot combustion zone for a complete Degassing and a complete burnout is sufficient.
In solchen sogenannten Staubfeuerungen, die typischerweise in Kraftwerkskesseln zur Anwendung kommen, werden normalerweise Braun- und Steinkohle zur Energieerzeugung eingesetzt. Die Kohle wird vor der Verbrennung mit vorgewärmter Verbrennungsluft (Temperatur maximal 400°C) getrocknet, anschließend auf eine Korngröße kleiner als 100 µm gemahlen und dann durch einen Brenner in den Feuerraum eingeblasen.In such so-called dust fires, which are typically in Power plant boilers are usually used Lignite and hard coal used for energy generation. The coal before combustion with preheated combustion air (Maximum temperature 400 ° C) dried, then to a grain size ground less than 100 µm and then in through a burner blown into the firebox.
Bei Zugabe der Kunststoffabfälle durch einen Brenner 1 wird der
auf eine Korngröße von 1 - 2 mm gemahlene Kunststoff K mit einem
nicht vorgewärmten Teilstrom der Verbrennungsluft in einem Innenrohr
zentral, ein gasförmiger Brennstoff, z.B. Erdgas G oder ein
Kühlluftstrom in einem zweiten Rohr, konzentrisch um das Innenrohr,
und die vorgewärmte Verbrennungsluft L mit oder ohne Kohle
beladen in einem dritten, konzentrisch um das zweite Rohr geführten
Außenrohr einem Brennraum 2 zugegeben. Die Führung der Brennstoff-
und Gasströme erfolgt derart, daß eine gute Durchmischung,
eine gute Flammenstabilität und ein vollständiger Ausbrand gewährleistet
ist. Dazu kann der Kunststoff K über eine separate
Lanze 3, die gekühlt oder ungekühlt ausgeführt sein kann, in den
Brennraum 2 derart zugegeben werden, daß die Flugbahn der Kunststoffpartikel
zur vollständigen Verbrennung ausreichend lange im
Bereich hoher Temperaturen verweilt.When adding the plastic waste through a
Als Kunststoffabfälle sind Homo- und Copolymere des Ethylens, des
Propylens, des Styrols und Polyamid sowie beliebige Mischungen
dieser Stoffe auch bei Anwesenheit von PVC und PET und in Zusammensetzungen,
die der Kunststofffraktion im Hausmüll entsprechen,
einsetzbar, wenn die maximale Korngröße kleiner als 2 mm ist. Dabei
können die Kunststoffabfälle sowohl über den Brenner 1, jedoch
getrennt vom Kohle- und Luftstrom, als auch separat über
eine zusätzliche Lanze 3 in den Feuerraum 2 eingebracht werden.
Als Stützbrennstoffe sind alle Kohlen (Stein- und Braunkohle) und
übliche Brenngase (z.B. Erdgas, Stadtgas, Synthesegas etc.) in
beliebigen Anteilen einsetzbar, wobei sich der Ausbrand mit zunehmendem
Lastanteil des Kunststoffes verbessert. Die besten Ausbrand-
und Emissionsergebnisse wurden in Technikumsversuchen bei
einem thermischen lastanteil des Kunststoffs von 50 bis 80 % bei
Steinkohlestützfeuerung und Zugabe des Kunststoffes über eine separate
Lanze erzielt.As plastic waste are homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene
Propylene, styrene and polyamide as well as any mixtures
these substances even in the presence of PVC and PET and in compositions,
which correspond to the plastic fraction in household waste,
can be used if the maximum grain size is less than 2 mm. Here
can the plastic waste both over the
Claims (1)
- A process for incinerating plastic waste, which comprises the plastic waste which has been milled to a particular particle size being fed by means of a separate injection device which is independent of the burner into a combustion chamber of a pulverized fuel furnace and there ignited, the injection device being configured in such a way that the flight path of the milled plastic waste remains in the high-temperature region sufficiently long for complete incineration, the burner and the injection device being fixed to the same wall.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4415355 | 1994-05-02 | ||
DE4415355A DE4415355A1 (en) | 1994-05-02 | 1994-05-02 | Process for incinerating plastic waste |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0681145A2 EP0681145A2 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
EP0681145A3 EP0681145A3 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
EP0681145B1 true EP0681145B1 (en) | 1999-10-20 |
Family
ID=6517026
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95106058A Revoked EP0681145B1 (en) | 1994-05-02 | 1995-04-22 | Method for incinerating plastics |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0681145B1 (en) |
DE (2) | DE4415355A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2795344B1 (en) * | 1999-06-28 | 2002-10-31 | Pierre Moreau | PROCESS FOR TREATING MIXED PLASTICS |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2513742A1 (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-01 | Air Prod & Chem | BURNER FOR BURNING PARTICULATE PLASTICS |
US4480559A (en) * | 1983-01-07 | 1984-11-06 | Combustion Engineering, Inc. | Coal and char burner |
IN167311B (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1990-10-06 | Dow Chemical Co | |
US5069145A (en) * | 1990-12-05 | 1991-12-03 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Plastic refuse disposal system |
DE9313518U1 (en) * | 1993-09-08 | 1993-12-09 | Steinmueller Gmbh L & C | Coal dust burner for the simultaneous combustion of coal rod and plastic |
-
1994
- 1994-05-02 DE DE4415355A patent/DE4415355A1/en not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-04-22 EP EP95106058A patent/EP0681145B1/en not_active Revoked
- 1995-04-22 DE DE59507076T patent/DE59507076D1/en not_active Revoked
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP0681145A3 (en) | 1996-06-05 |
DE4415355A1 (en) | 1995-11-09 |
DE59507076D1 (en) | 1999-11-25 |
EP0681145A2 (en) | 1995-11-08 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3545524C2 (en) | Multi-stage combustion chamber for the combustion of nitrogenous gas with reduced NO¶x¶ emission and method for its operation | |
EP0033356B1 (en) | Device for the combustion of materials containing low-combustibility ingredients | |
DE102008033096A1 (en) | Method and device for igniting and operating burners in the gasification of carbonaceous fuels | |
DE2061829C2 (en) | Process for the thermal treatment of fine-grained solids in a fluidized bed with internal combustion | |
DE3615759A1 (en) | Process for reducing the carbon content of fly ash originating from a furnace | |
EP0681145B1 (en) | Method for incinerating plastics | |
DE19722070A1 (en) | Process for the low-NO¶x¶ combustion of hard coal in dry-ash steam generators | |
RU2155298C2 (en) | Method of burning coal containing less than 10% of volatile components | |
DE412258C (en) | Coal dust firing in which a cylindrical chamber is placed in front of the useful combustion space, in which a fuel-air mixture travels a helical path | |
DE3413564A1 (en) | Method and device for reducing the discharge of nitrogen oxides | |
DE2608170A1 (en) | PROCESS FOR THE GASIFICATION AND COMBUSTION OF COAL TO RECOVER USED HEAT AND COAL GASIFICATION BURNERS FOR CARRYING OUT THE PROCESS | |
DE1107872B (en) | Method and device for the combustion of gases containing combustible solids with a low calorific value | |
DE19850376C2 (en) | Device for burning bio and solid masses with primary pollution reduction - CO, NOx and dust | |
EP0096169A1 (en) | Method and incinerator for burning low-grade fuel, in particular waste pellets | |
JP2017058077A (en) | Boiler plant | |
DE102016002899B4 (en) | Firebox with improved burnout | |
DE947608C (en) | Method and device for smoldering or coking dust-like fuels | |
DE3805943A1 (en) | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR MELTING SOLID BALLASTICS | |
DE102012017107A1 (en) | Heating a process exhaust | |
DE952206C (en) | Dust firing with fly ash melting plant | |
DE3624735A1 (en) | Method for feeding a burner waste gas from a first drying drum as tertiary air into the burner of a second drum, and apparatus for carrying out the method | |
RU2047048C1 (en) | Device for firing pulverized fuel | |
DE886872C (en) | Process for the combustion of fuel that is difficult to ignite and installation for carrying out the process | |
DE3327983A1 (en) | Burner for coal dust | |
DE884539C (en) | Pulverized coal firing |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A2 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB LI NL |
|
PUAL | Search report despatched |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009013 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A3 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB LI NL |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19960502 |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19971219 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
RIN1 | Information on inventor provided before grant (corrected) |
Inventor name: GERHARDT, THOMAS Inventor name: SPLIETHOFF, HARTMUT, DR. Inventor name: HAUBOLD, HELMUT Inventor name: KNOPF, HANS JUERGEN, DR. Inventor name: JANISCH, GERHARD, DR. Inventor name: GEIGER, THOMAS Inventor name: CHRISTILL, MICHAEL, DR. Inventor name: SEIFERT, HELMUT, DR. |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): BE CH DE FR GB LI NL |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59507076 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19991125 |
|
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19991112 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 19991223 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20000317 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: NL Payment date: 20000328 Year of fee payment: 6 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20000328 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20000406 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20000417 Year of fee payment: 6 |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH Effective date: 20000511 |
|
PLBQ | Unpublished change to opponent data |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLBQ | Unpublished change to opponent data |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLBQ | Unpublished change to opponent data |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLBQ | Unpublished change to opponent data |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OPPO |
|
PLBI | Opposition filed |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009260 |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: ANNELIESE ZEMENTWERKE AG Effective date: 20000705 Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH Effective date: 20000511 |
|
PLBF | Reply of patent proprietor to notice(s) of opposition |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS OBSO |
|
RDAH | Patent revoked |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS REVO |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: DYCKERHOFF ZEMENT GMBH Effective date: 20000711 Opponent name: ANNELIESE ZEMENTWERKE AG Effective date: 20000705 Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH Effective date: 20000511 |
|
NLR1 | Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo |
Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: HEIDELBERGER ZEMENT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Effective date: 20000714 Opponent name: DYCKERHOFF ZEMENT GMBH Effective date: 20000711 Opponent name: ANNELIESE ZEMENTWERKE AG Effective date: 20000705 Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH Effective date: 20000511 |
|
26 | Opposition filed |
Opponent name: DSM N.V. Effective date: 20000718 Opponent name: HEIDELBERGER ZEMENT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Effective date: 20000714 Opponent name: DYCKERHOFF ZEMENT GMBH Effective date: 20000711 Opponent name: ANNELIESE ZEMENTWERKE AG Effective date: 20000705 Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH Effective date: 20000511 |
|
NLR1 | Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo |
Opponent name: ANNELIESE ZEMENTWERKE AG Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH |
|
NLR1 | Nl: opposition has been filed with the epo |
Opponent name: HEIDELBERGER ZEMENT AKTIENGESELLSCHAFT Opponent name: DYCKERHOFF ZEMENT GMBH Opponent name: ANNELIESE ZEMENTWERKE AG Opponent name: SVZ SCHWARZE PUMPE GMBH |
|
RDAG | Patent revoked |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009271 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: PATENT REVOKED |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
27W | Patent revoked |
Effective date: 20000911 |
|
GBPR | Gb: patent revoked under art. 102 of the ep convention designating the uk as contracting state |
Free format text: 20000911 |
|
NLR2 | Nl: decision of opposition |